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Souza ATP, Freitas GP, Lopes HB, Weffort D, Adolpho LF, Gomes MPO, Oliveira FS, Almeida ALG, Beloti MM, Rosa AL. Efficacy of mesenchymal stem cell-based therapy on the bone repair of hypertensive rats. Oral Dis 2024. [PMID: 38764359 DOI: 10.1111/odi.15004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Revised: 04/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Hypertension disrupts the bone integrity and its repair ability. This study explores the efficiency of a therapy based on the application of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to repair bone defects of spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). METHODS First, we evaluated SHR in terms of bone morphometry and differentiation of MSCs into osteoblasts. Then, the effects of the interactions between MSCs from normotensive rats (NTR-MSCs) cocultured with SHR (SHR-MSCs) on the osteoblast differentiation of both cell populations were evaluated. Also, bone formation into calvarial defects of SHR treated with NTR-MSCs was analyzed. RESULTS Hypertension induced bone loss evidenced by reduced bone morphometric parameters of femurs of SHR compared with NTR as well as decreased osteoblast differentiation of SHR-MSCs compared with NTR-MSCs. NTR-MSCs partially restored the capacity of SHR-MSCs to differentiate into osteoblasts, while SHR-MSCs exhibited a slight negative effect on NTR-MSCs. An enhanced bone repair was observed in defects treated with NTR-MSCs compared with control, stressing this cell therapy efficacy even in bones damaged by hypertension. CONCLUSION The use of MSCs derived from a heathy environment can be in the near future a smart approach to treat bone loss in the context of regenerative dentistry for oral rehabilitation of hypertensive patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alann Thaffarell Portilho Souza
- Bone Research Lab, Ribeirão Preto School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
- School of Dentistry, Metropolitan University Center of the Amazon (UNIFAMAZ), Belém, Brazil
| | - Gileade Pereira Freitas
- Bone Research Lab, Ribeirão Preto School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
- School of Dentistry, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
| | - Helena Bacha Lopes
- Bone Research Lab, Ribeirão Preto School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Denise Weffort
- Bone Research Lab, Ribeirão Preto School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Leticia Faustino Adolpho
- Bone Research Lab, Ribeirão Preto School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Marcio Mateus Beloti
- Bone Research Lab, Ribeirão Preto School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Adalberto Luiz Rosa
- Bone Research Lab, Ribeirão Preto School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
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Tamaño-Machiavello M, Carvalho E, Correia D, Cordón L, Lanceros-Méndez S, Sempere A, Sabater i Serra R, Ribelles JG. Osteogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells on electroactive substrates. Heliyon 2024; 10:e28880. [PMID: 38601667 PMCID: PMC11004758 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e28880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Abstract
This study investigates the effect of electroactivity and electrical charge distribution on the biological response of human bone marrow stem cells (hBMSCs) cultured in monolayer on flat poly(vinylidene fluoride), PVDF, substrates. Differences in cell behaviour, including proliferation, expression of multipotency markers CD90, CD105 and CD73, and expression of genes characteristic of different mesenchymal lineages, were observed both during expansion in basal medium before reaching confluence and in confluent cultures in osteogenic induction medium. The crystallisation of PVDF in the electrically neutral α-phase or in the electroactive phase β, both unpoled and poled, has been found to have an important influence on the biological response. In addition, the presence of a permanent positive or negative surface electrical charge distribution in phase β substrates has also shown a significant effect on cell behaviour.
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Affiliation(s)
- M.N. Tamaño-Machiavello
- Centre for Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, CBIT, Universitat Politècnica de València, 46022 València, Spain
| | - E.O. Carvalho
- Centre of Physics, Universidade do Minho, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal
| | - D. Correia
- Centre of Chemistry, University of Minho, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal
| | - L. Cordón
- Hematology Research Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe, València, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Instituto Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - S. Lanceros-Méndez
- Centre of Physics, Universidade do Minho, 4710-057, Braga, Portugal
- BCMaterials, Basque Center for Materials, Applications and Nanostructures, UPV/EHU Science Park, 48940, Leioa, Spain
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, 48009, Bilbao, Spain
| | - A. Sempere
- Hematology Research Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe, València, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Instituto Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Hematology Department, Hospital Universitario y Politécnico La Fe, València, Spain
| | - R. Sabater i Serra
- Centre for Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, CBIT, Universitat Politècnica de València, 46022 València, Spain
- CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain
| | - J.L. Gómez Ribelles
- Centre for Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, CBIT, Universitat Politècnica de València, 46022 València, Spain
- CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain
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Souza ATP, Freitas GP, Lopes HB, Weffort D, Adolpho LF, Gomes MPO, Oliveira FS, Almeida ALG, Beloti MM, Rosa AL. Mesenchymal stem cell-based therapy for osteoporotic bones: Effects of the interaction between cells from healthy and osteoporotic rats on osteoblast differentiation and bone repair. Life Sci 2024; 340:122463. [PMID: 38286209 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.122463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 01/31/2024]
Abstract
AIMS Cell therapy utilizing mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) from healthy donors (HE-MSCs) is a promising strategy for treating osteoporotic bone defects. This study investigated the effects of interaction between HE-MSCs and MSCs from osteoporotic donors (ORX-MSCs) on osteoblast differentiation of MSCs and of HE-MSCs on bone formation in calvarial defects of osteoporotic rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS Osteoporosis was induced by orchiectomy (ORX) and its effects on the bone were evaluated by femur microtomography (μCT) and osteoblast differentiation of bone marrow MSCs. HE- and ORX-MSCs were cocultured, and osteoblast differentiation was evaluated using genotypic and phenotypic parameters. HE-MSCs were injected into the calvarial defects of osteoporotic rats, and bone formation was evaluated by μCT, histology, and gene expression of osteoblast markers. KEY FINDINGS ORX-induced osteoporosis was revealed by reduced bone morphometric parameters and osteoblast differentiation in ORX-MSCs. HE-MSCs partially recovered the osteogenic potential of ORX-MSCs, whereas HE-MSCs were mildly affected by ORX-MSCs. Additionally, the bone morphogenetic protein and wingless-related integration site signaling pathway components were similarly modulated in cocultures involving ORX-MSCs. HE-MSCs induced meaningful bone formation, highlighting the effectiveness of cell therapy even in osteoporotic bones. SIGNIFICANCE These results provide new perspectives on the development of cell-based therapies to regenerate bone defects in patients with disorders that affect bone tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alann Thaffarell Portilho Souza
- Bone Research Lab, Ribeirão Preto School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14040-904, SP, Brazil; Centro Universitário Metropolitano da Amazônia, Belém 66053-000, PA, Brazil
| | - Gileade Pereira Freitas
- Bone Research Lab, Ribeirão Preto School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14040-904, SP, Brazil
| | - Helena Bacha Lopes
- Bone Research Lab, Ribeirão Preto School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14040-904, SP, Brazil
| | - Denise Weffort
- Bone Research Lab, Ribeirão Preto School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14040-904, SP, Brazil
| | - Leticia Faustino Adolpho
- Bone Research Lab, Ribeirão Preto School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14040-904, SP, Brazil
| | - Maria Paula Oliveira Gomes
- Bone Research Lab, Ribeirão Preto School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14040-904, SP, Brazil
| | - Fabiola Singaretti Oliveira
- Bone Research Lab, Ribeirão Preto School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14040-904, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Marcio Mateus Beloti
- Bone Research Lab, Ribeirão Preto School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14040-904, SP, Brazil
| | - Adalberto Luiz Rosa
- Bone Research Lab, Ribeirão Preto School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14040-904, SP, Brazil.
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Calixto RD, Freitas GP, Souza PG, Ramos JIR, Santos IC, de Oliveira FS, Almeida ALG, Rosa AL, Beloti MM. Effect of the secretome of mesenchymal stem cells overexpressing BMP-9 on osteoblast differentiation and bone repair. J Cell Physiol 2023; 238:2625-2637. [PMID: 37661654 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.31115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 08/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
The secretome present in the conditioned medium (CM) of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) is a promising tool to be used in therapies to promote bone regeneration. Considering the high osteogenic potential of the bone morphogenetic protein 9 (BMP-9), we hypothesized that the secretome of MSCs overexpressing BMP-9 (MSCsBMP-9 ) enhances the osteoblast differentiation of MSCs and the bone formation in calvarial defects. CM of either MSCsBMP-9 (CM-MSCsBMP-9 ) or MSCs without BMP-9 overexpression (CM-MSCsVPR ) were obtained at different periods. As the CM-MSCsBMP-9 generated after 1 h presented the highest BMP-9 concentration, CM-MSCsBMP-9 and CM-MSCsVPR were collected at this time point and used to culture MSCs and to be injected into mouse calvarial defects. The CM-MSCsBMP-9 enhanced the osteoblast differentiation of MSC by upregulating RUNX2, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and osteopontin protein expression, and ALP activity, compared with CM-MSCsVPR . The CM-MSCsBMP-9 also enhanced the bone repair of mouse calvarial defects, increasing bone volume, bone volume/total volume, bone surface, and trabecular number compared with untreated defects and defects treated with CM-MSCsVPR or even with MSCsBMP-9 themselves. In conclusion, the potential of the MSCBMP-9 -secretome to induce osteoblast differentiation and bone formation shed lights on novel cell-free-based therapies to promote bone regeneration of challenging defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robson Diego Calixto
- Bone Research Lab, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Gileade Pereira Freitas
- Bone Research Lab, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Paola Gomes Souza
- Bone Research Lab, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jaqueline Isadora Reis Ramos
- Bone Research Lab, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Isabela Cristine Santos
- Bone Research Lab, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | - Adalberto Luiz Rosa
- Bone Research Lab, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marcio Mateus Beloti
- Bone Research Lab, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
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Adolpho LF, Ribeiro LMS, Freitas GP, Lopes HB, Gomes MPO, Ferraz EP, Gimenes R, Beloti MM, Rosa AL. Mesenchymal Stem Cells Combined with a P(VDF-TrFE)/BaTiO 3 Scaffold and Photobiomodulation Therapy Enhance Bone Repair in Rat Calvarial Defects. J Funct Biomater 2023; 14:306. [PMID: 37367270 DOI: 10.3390/jfb14060306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tissue engineering and cell therapy have been the focus of investigations on how to treat challenging bone defects. This study aimed to produce and characterize a P(VDF-TrFE)/BaTiO3 scaffold and evaluate the effect of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) combined with this scaffold and photobiomodulation (PBM) on bone repair. METHODS AND RESULTS P(VDF-TrFE)/BaTiO3 was synthesized using an electrospinning technique and presented physical and chemical properties suitable for bone tissue engineering. This scaffold was implanted in rat calvarial defects (unilateral, 5 mm in diameter) and, 2 weeks post-implantation, MSCs were locally injected into these defects (n = 12/group). Photobiomodulation was then applied immediately, and again 48 and 96 h post-injection. The μCT and histological analyses showed an increment in bone formation, which exhibited a positive correlation with the treatments combined with the scaffold, with MSCs and PBM inducing more bone repair, followed by the scaffold combined with PBM, the scaffold combined with MSCs, and finally the scaffold alone (ANOVA, p ≤ 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The P(VDF-TrFE)/BaTiO3 scaffold acted synergistically with MSCs and PBM to induce bone repair in rat calvarial defects. These findings emphasize the need to combine a range of techniques to regenerate large bone defects and provide avenues for further investigations on innovative tissue engineering approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leticia Faustino Adolpho
- Bone Research Lab, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14040-904, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Gileade Pereira Freitas
- Bone Research Lab, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14040-904, SP, Brazil
- School of Dentistry, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia 74605-020, GO, Brazil
| | - Helena Bacha Lopes
- Bone Research Lab, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14040-904, SP, Brazil
| | - Maria Paula Oliveira Gomes
- Bone Research Lab, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14040-904, SP, Brazil
| | - Emanuela Prado Ferraz
- Bone Research Lab, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14040-904, SP, Brazil
| | - Rossano Gimenes
- Institute of Physics and Chemistry, University of Itajubá, Itajubá 37500-903, MG, Brazil
| | - Marcio Mateus Beloti
- Bone Research Lab, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14040-904, SP, Brazil
| | - Adalberto Luiz Rosa
- Bone Research Lab, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14040-904, SP, Brazil
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Campos Totoli GG, Bighetti-Trevisan RL, Freitas GP, Adolpho LF, Golçalves Almeida AL, Loyola Barbosa AC, Reis Ramos JI, Beloti MM, Rosa AL. Association of mesenchymal stem cells derived from bone marrow and adipose tissue enhances bone repair in rat calvarial defects. Regen Med 2023; 18:377-387. [PMID: 37125511 DOI: 10.2217/rme-2022-0219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim: We evaluated the bone repair induced by MSCs from adipose tissue (AT-MSCs) and bone marrow (BM-MSCs) injected into rat calvarial defects at two time points. Methods & results: Both cell populations expressed MSC surface markers and differentiated into adipocytes and osteoblasts. μCT showed that the combination of cells from distinct sources exhibited synergistic effects to increase bone repair with an advantage when BM-MSCs were injected prior to AT-MSCs. The higher osteogenic potential of these MSC combinations was demonstrated using an in vitro coculture system where BM-MSCs and AT-MSCs association induced higher ALP activity in MC3T3-E1 cells. Conclusion: Our findings may drive new approaches to treat bone defects and shed light on the complexity of the mechanisms involved in bone regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rayana Longo Bighetti-Trevisan
- Bone Research Lab, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14040-904, Brazil
| | | | - Leticia Faustino Adolpho
- Bone Research Lab, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14040-904, Brazil
| | | | - Ana Carolina Loyola Barbosa
- Bone Research Lab, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14040-904, Brazil
| | - Jaqueline Isadora Reis Ramos
- Bone Research Lab, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14040-904, Brazil
| | - Marcio Mateus Beloti
- Bone Research Lab, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14040-904, Brazil
| | - Adalberto Luiz Rosa
- Bone Research Lab, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14040-904, Brazil
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Bhaskar N, Basu B. Osteogenesis, hemocompatibility, and foreign body response of polyvinylidene difluoride-based composite reinforced with carbonaceous filler and higher volume of piezoelectric ceramic phase. Biomaterials 2023; 297:122100. [PMID: 37004426 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2023.122100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2022] [Revised: 03/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
Abstract
Hybrid polymer-ceramic composites have been widely investigated for bone tissue engineering applications. The incorporation of a large amount of inorganic phase, like barium titanate (BaTiO3) with good dispersion, in a polymeric matrix using a conventional processing approach has always been challenging. Also, the comprehensive study encompassing the interactions of key components of living organisms (cell, blood, tissue) with such hybrid composites is not well explored in many published studies. Built on our earlier studies and recognizing the importance of poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) as a widely used polymer for a wide spectrum of biomedical applications, the present study reports the qualitative and quantitative analysis of the biocompatibility of PVDF composite (PVDF/30BT/3MWCNT) reinforced with large amounts of BaTiO3 (30 wt %) and tailored addition of multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT; 3 wt %). The melt mixing-extrusion-compression moulding-based processing approach resulted in an enhancement of β-phase content, thermal stability, and wettability in the semi-crystalline PVDF composite. The enhanced hemocompatibility of PVDF/30BT/3MWCNT has been established conclusively by a series of in vitro blood-material interaction assays, including haemolysi, analysis of platelets attachment and activation, dynamic blood coagulation, and plasma recalcification time. The cytocompatibility study confirms an improved adhesion, proliferation, and migration of osteoprogenitor cells (preosteoblasts; MC3T3-E1) on PVDF/30BT/3MWCNT, in a manner better than neat PVDF, in vitro. When these cells were cultured in osteogenic differentiating media, the modulated osteogenesis, in terms of alkaline phosphatase activity, intracellular Ca2+ concentration, and calcium deposition on the PVDF/30BT/3MWCNT, was recorded. Following subcutaneous implantation of PVDF/30BT/3MWCNT in rat model, no apparent variation was recorded in the complete hemogram (blood hematology analysis) or serum biochemistry, post 30-, 60-, and 90-days surgery. Importantly, 90-days post-implantation, the fibrous capsule thickness was significantly reduced in the composites w.r.t PVDF alone, together with better blood vessel formation, indicating improved neovascularization around the composite. This study establishes the efficacy of inorganic fillers in enhancing the biocompatibility of PVDF, which could open up a wide range of biomedical applications.
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Machado-Paula MM, Corat MAF, de Vasconcellos LMR, Araújo JCR, Mi G, Ghannadian P, Toniato TV, Marciano FR, Webster TJ, Lobo AO. Rotary Jet-Spun Polycaprolactone/Hydroxyapatite and Carbon Nanotube Scaffolds Seeded with Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells Increase Bone Neoformation. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2022; 5:1013-1024. [PMID: 35171572 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.1c00365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Clinically, bone tissue replacements and/or bone repair are challenging. Strategies based on well-defined combinations of osteoconductive materials and osteogenic cells are promising to improve bone regeneration but still require improvement. Herein, we combined polycaprolactone (PCL) fibers, carbon nanotubes (CNT), and hydroxyapatite (nHap) nanoparticles to develop the next generation of bone regeneration material. Fibers formed by rotary jet spinning (RJS) instead of traditional electrospinning (ES) with embedded bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs) showed the best outcomes to repair rat calvarial defects after 6 weeks. To understand this, it was observed that different morphologies were formed depending on the manufacturing method used. RJS fibers presented a particular topography with rough fibers, which allowed for better cellular growth and cell spreading in vitro around and into a three-dimensional (3D) mesh, while fibers made by ES were more smooth and cellular growth was only measured on the 3D mesh surface. The fibers with incorporated nHap/CNT nanoparticles enhanced in vitro cell performance as indicated by more cellular proliferation, alkaline phosphatase activity, proliferation, and deposition of calcium. Greater bone neoformation occurred by combining three characteristics: the presence of nHap and CNT nanoparticles, the topography of the RJS fibers, and the addition of BMMSCs. RJS fibers with nanoparticles and seeded with BMMSCs showed 10 136 mm3 of bone neoformation, meaning a 10-fold increase compared to using RJS only and BMMSCs (0.853 mm3) and a 5-fold increase from using ES only (2054 mm3) after 6 weeks of implantation. Conversely, none of these approaches used individually showed any significant difference for in vivo bone neoformation, suggesting that their combination is essential for optimizing bone formation. In summary, our work generated a potential material composed of well-defined combinations of suitable scaffolds seeded with BMMSCs for enhancing numerous orthopedic tissue engineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirian M Machado-Paula
- Institute of Research and Development, University of Vale do Paraiba, São José dos Campos, SP 12244 - 000, Brazil.,Nanomedicine Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States.,Multidisciplinary Center for Biological Research, State University of Campinas, Campinas, SP 13083-877, Brazil
| | - Marcus A F Corat
- Multidisciplinary Center for Biological Research, State University of Campinas, Campinas, SP 13083-877, Brazil
| | - Luana M R de Vasconcellos
- Department of Bioscience and Oral Diagnosis, Institute of Science and Technology, Sao Paulo State University, Sao Jose dos Campos, Sao Paulo 12245000, Brazil
| | - Juliani C R Araújo
- Department of Bioscience and Oral Diagnosis, Institute of Science and Technology, Sao Paulo State University, Sao Jose dos Campos, Sao Paulo 12245000, Brazil
| | - Gujie Mi
- Nanomedicine Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Paria Ghannadian
- Nanomedicine Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Tatiane V Toniato
- Institute of Research and Development, University of Vale do Paraiba, São José dos Campos, SP 12244 - 000, Brazil
| | - Fernanda R Marciano
- Department of Physics, UFPI - Federal University of Piaui, 64049-550 Teresina, PI, Brazil
| | - Thomas J Webster
- Nanomedicine Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Anderson O Lobo
- Nanomedicine Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States.,LIMAV-Interdisciplinary Laboratory for Advanced Materials, BioMatLab, UFPI - Federal University of Piaui, 64049-550 Teresina, PI, Brazil
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Mapping Bone Marrow Cell Response from Senile Female Rats on Ca-P-Doped Titanium Coating. MATERIALS 2022; 15:ma15031094. [PMID: 35161039 PMCID: PMC8839629 DOI: 10.3390/ma15031094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Chemical and topographical surface modifications on dental implants aim to increase the bone surface contact area of the implant and improve osseointegration. This study analyzed the cellular response of undifferentiated mesenchymal stem cells (MSC), derived from senile rats’ femoral bone marrow, when cultured on a bioactive coating (by plasma electrolytic oxidation, PEO, with Ca2+ and P5+ ions), a sandblasting followed by acid-etching (SLA) surface, and a machined surface (MSU). A total of 102 Ti-6Al-4V discs were divided into three groups (n = 34). The surface chemistry was analyzed by energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). Cell viability assay, gene expression of osteoblastic markers, and mineralized matrix formation were investigated. The cell growth and viability results were higher for PEO vs. MSU surface (p = 0.001). An increase in cell proliferation from 3 to 7 days (p < 0.05) and from 7 to 10 days (p < 0.05) was noted for PEO and SLA surfaces. Gene expression for OSX, ALP, BSP, and OPN showed a statistical significance (p = 0.001) among groups. In addition, the PEO surface showed a higher mineralized matrix bone formation (p = 0.003). In conclusion, MSC from senile female rats cultured on SLA and PEO surfaces showed similar cellular responses and should be considered for future clinical investigations.
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A Narrative Review of Cell-Based Approaches for Cranial Bone Regeneration. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14010132. [PMID: 35057028 PMCID: PMC8781797 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14010132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Revised: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Current cranial repair techniques combine the use of autologous bone grafts and biomaterials. In addition to their association with harvesting morbidity, autografts are often limited by insufficient quantity of bone stock. Biomaterials lead to better outcomes, but their effectiveness is often compromised by the unpredictable lack of integration and structural failure. Bone tissue engineering offers the promising alternative of generating constructs composed of instructive biomaterials including cells or cell-secreted products, which could enhance the outcome of reconstructive treatments. This review focuses on cell-based approaches with potential to regenerate calvarial bone defects, including human studies and preclinical research. Further, we discuss strategies to deliver extracellular matrix, conditioned media and extracellular vesicles derived from cell cultures. Recent advances in 3D printing and bioprinting techniques that appear to be promising for cranial reconstruction are also discussed. Finally, we review cell-based gene therapy approaches, covering both unregulated and regulated gene switches that can create spatiotemporal patterns of transgenic therapeutic molecules. In summary, this review provides an overview of the current developments in cell-based strategies with potential to enhance the surgical armamentarium for regenerating cranial vault defects.
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Association of Fpr1 gene expression with osteogenesis and adipogenesis of adipose derived stem cells. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2021; 574:33-38. [PMID: 34428707 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2021.08.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Revised: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Formyl peptide receptors (Fprs) play fundamental roles in multiple cell functions including promotion of osteogenesis and bone fracture healing. In this study, the role of Fpr1 gene in osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation of adipose derived stem cells (ADSCs) was investigated. Primary ADSCs (mADSCs) from either Fpr1 knockout (KO) or wild type (WT) mice and human ADSCs (hADSCs) were treated by osteogenic (OM) or adipogenic (AM) medium, with basal medium as control. Osteogenesis and adipogenesis were measured by histological and biochemical methods. In both hADSCs and mADSCs, Fpr1 gene expression, osteogenic gene expression, as well as mineralization were increased after osteogenic induction. The osteogenic capacity of KO ADSCs was remarkably reduced compared to WT ADSCs, with decreased levels of expression of osteogenic markers, alkaline phosphatase activity, and mineralization. In contrast, the adipogenesis of KO ADSCs was remarkably enhanced compared with WT ADSCs, forming more lipid droplets, and increasing expression of adipogenic markers PPARγ and aP2. Expression of the nuclear transcription factor Forkhead box protein O1 (FoxO1) was decreased in KO ADSCs, while OM and AM caused increase and decrease in FoxO1 expression, respectively. The current study revealed a correlation of Fpr1 gene expression with osteogenesis and adipogenesis of mADSCs, underlying a mechanism involving FoxO1. Our present research suggests that targeting Fpr1 might be a novel strategy to enhance osteogenesis of ADSCs.
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12
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Le Q, Madhu V, Hart JM, Farber CR, Zunder ER, Dighe AS, Cui Q. Current evidence on potential of adipose derived stem cells to enhance bone regeneration and future projection. World J Stem Cells 2021; 13:1248-1277. [PMID: 34630861 PMCID: PMC8474721 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v13.i9.1248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2021] [Revised: 05/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Injuries to the postnatal skeleton are naturally repaired through successive steps involving specific cell types in a process collectively termed “bone regeneration”. Although complex, bone regeneration occurs through a series of well-orchestrated stages wherein endogenous bone stem cells play a central role. In most situations, bone regeneration is successful; however, there are instances when it fails and creates non-healing injuries or fracture nonunion requiring surgical or therapeutic interventions. Transplantation of adult or mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) defined by the International Society for Cell and Gene Therapy (ISCT) as CD105+CD90+CD73+CD45-CD34-CD14orCD11b-CD79αorCD19-HLA-DR- is being investigated as an attractive therapy for bone regeneration throughout the world. MSCs isolated from adipose tissue, adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs), are gaining increasing attention since this is the most abundant source of adult stem cells and the isolation process for ADSCs is straightforward. Currently, there is not a single Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved ADSCs product for bone regeneration. Although the safety of ADSCs is established from their usage in numerous clinical trials, the bone-forming potential of ADSCs and MSCs, in general, is highly controversial. Growing evidence suggests that the ISCT defined phenotype may not represent bona fide osteoprogenitors. Transplantation of both ADSCs and the CD105- sub-population of ADSCs has been reported to induce bone regeneration. Most notably, cells expressing other markers such as CD146, AlphaV, CD200, PDPN, CD164, CXCR4, and PDGFRα have been shown to represent osteogenic sub-population within ADSCs. Amongst other strategies to improve the bone-forming ability of ADSCs, modulation of VEGF, TGF-β1 and BMP signaling pathways of ADSCs has shown promising results. The U.S. FDA reveals that 73% of Investigational New Drug applications for stem cell-based products rely on CD105 expression as the “positive” marker for adult stem cells. A concerted effort involving the scientific community, clinicians, industries, and regulatory bodies to redefine ADSCs using powerful selection markers and strategies to modulate signaling pathways of ADSCs will speed up the therapeutic use of ADSCs for bone regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quang Le
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908, United States
| | - Vedavathi Madhu
- Orthopaedic Surgery Research, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, United States
| | - Joseph M Hart
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908, United States
| | - Charles R Farber
- Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, United States
- Departments of Public Health Sciences and Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, United States
| | - Eli R Zunder
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, United States
| | - Abhijit S Dighe
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908, United States
| | - Quanjun Cui
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22908, United States
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13
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Liu Z, Wan X, Wang ZL, Li L. Electroactive Biomaterials and Systems for Cell Fate Determination and Tissue Regeneration: Design and Applications. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2021; 33:e2007429. [PMID: 34117803 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202007429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Revised: 12/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
During natural tissue regeneration, tissue microenvironment and stem cell niche including cell-cell interaction, soluble factors, and extracellular matrix (ECM) provide a train of biochemical and biophysical cues for modulation of cell behaviors and tissue functions. Design of functional biomaterials to mimic the tissue/cell microenvironment have great potentials for tissue regeneration applications. Recently, electroactive biomaterials have drawn increasing attentions not only as scaffolds for cell adhesion and structural support, but also as modulators to regulate cell/tissue behaviors and function, especially for electrically excitable cells and tissues. More importantly, electrostimulation can further modulate a myriad of biological processes, from cell cycle, migration, proliferation and differentiation to neural conduction, muscle contraction, embryogenesis, and tissue regeneration. In this review, endogenous bioelectricity and piezoelectricity are introduced. Then, design rationale of electroactive biomaterials is discussed for imitating dynamic cell microenvironment, as well as their mediated electrostimulation and the applying pathways. Recent advances in electroactive biomaterials are systematically overviewed for modulation of stem cell fate and tissue regeneration, mainly including nerve regeneration, bone tissue engineering, and cardiac tissue engineering. Finally, the significance for simulating the native tissue microenvironment is emphasized and the open challenges and future perspectives of electroactive biomaterials are concluded.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhirong Liu
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100083, P. R. China
- School of Nanoscience and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Xingyi Wan
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100083, P. R. China
- School of Nanoscience and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Zhong Lin Wang
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100083, P. R. China
- School of Nanoscience and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, 30332-0245, USA
| | - Linlin Li
- Beijing Institute of Nanoenergy and Nanosystems, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100083, P. R. China
- School of Nanoscience and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
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14
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Comparison of Freshly Isolated Adipose Tissue-derived Stromal Vascular Fraction and Bone Marrow Cells in a Posterolateral Lumbar Spinal Fusion Model. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 2021; 46:631-637. [PMID: 32991510 DOI: 10.1097/brs.0000000000003709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
STUDY DESIGN Rat posterolateral lumbar fusion model. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of freshly isolated adipose tissue-derived stromal vascular fraction (A-SVF) and bone marrow cells (BMCs) cells in achieving spinal fusion in a rat model. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA Adipose tissue-derived stromal cells (ASCs) offer advantages as a clinical cell source compared to bone marrow-derived stromal cells (BMSCs), including larger available tissue volumes and reduced donor site morbidity. While pre-clinical studies have shown that ex vivo expanded ASCs can be successfully used in spinal fusion, the use of A-SVF cells better allows for clinical translation. METHODS A-SVF cells were isolated from the inguinal fat pads, whereas BMCs were isolated from the long bones of syngeneic 6- to 8-week-old Lewis rats and combined with Vitoss (Stryker) bone graft substitute for subsequent transplantation. Posterolateral spinal fusion surgery at L4-L5 was performed on 36 female Lewis rats divided into three experimental groups: Vitoss bone graft substitute only (VO group); Vitoss + 2.5 × 106 A-SVF cells/side; and, Vitoss + 2.5 × 106 BMCs/side. Fusion was assessed 8 weeks post-surgery via manual palpation, micro-computed tomography (μCT) imaging, and histology. RESULTS μCT imaging analyses revealed that fusion volumes and μCT fusion scores in the A-SVF group were significantly higher than in the VO group; however, they were not significantly different between the A-SVF group and the BMC group. The average manual palpation score was highest in the A-SVF group compared with the BMC and VO groups. Fusion masses arising from cell-seeded implants yielded better bone quality than nonseeded bone graft substitute. CONCLUSION In a rat model, A-SVF cells yielded a comparable fusion mass volume and radiographic rate of fusion to BMCs when combined with a clinical-grade bone graft substitute. These results suggest the feasibility of using freshly isolated A-SVF cells in spinal fusion procedures.Level of Evidence: N/A.
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15
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Oral Bone Tissue Regeneration: Mesenchymal Stem Cells, Secretome, and Biomaterials. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22105236. [PMID: 34063438 PMCID: PMC8156243 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22105236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Revised: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In the last few decades, tissue engineering has become one of the most studied medical fields. Even if bone shows self-remodeling properties, in some cases, due to injuries or anomalies, bone regeneration can be required. In particular, oral bone regeneration is needed in the dentistry field, where the functional restoration of tissues near the tooth represents a limit for many dental implants. In this context, the application of biomaterials and mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) appears promising for bone regeneration. This review focused on in vivo studies that evaluated bone regeneration using biomaterials with MSCs. Different biocompatible biomaterials were enriched with MSCs from different sources. These constructs showed an enhanced bone regenerative power in in vivo models. However, we discussed also a future perspective in tissue engineering using the MSC secretome, namely the conditioned medium and extracellular vesicles. This new approach has already shown promising results for bone tissue regeneration in experimental models.
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16
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Madsen SD, Giler MK, Bunnell BA, O'Connor KC. Illuminating the Regenerative Properties of Stem Cells In Vivo with Bioluminescence Imaging. Biotechnol J 2020; 16:e2000248. [PMID: 33089922 DOI: 10.1002/biot.202000248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Revised: 10/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Preclinical animal studies are essential to the development of safe and effective stem cell therapies. Bioluminescence imaging (BLI) is a powerful tool in animal studies that enables the real-time longitudinal monitoring of stem cells in vivo to elucidate their regenerative properties. This review describes the application of BLI in preclinical stem cell research to address critical challenges in producing successful stem cell therapeutics. These challenges include stem cell survival, proliferation, homing, stress response, and differentiation. The applications presented here utilize bioluminescence to investigate a variety of stem and progenitor cells in several different in vivo models of disease and implantation. An overview of luciferase reporters is provided, along with the advantages and disadvantages of BLI. Additionally, BLI is compared to other preclinical imaging modalities and potential future applications of this technology are discussed in emerging areas of stem cell research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sean D Madsen
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, School of Science and Engineering, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, 70118, USA.,Center for Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine, School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
| | - Margaret K Giler
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, School of Science and Engineering, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, 70118, USA.,Center for Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine, School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
| | - Bruce A Bunnell
- Center for Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine, School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA.,Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Kim C O'Connor
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, School of Science and Engineering, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, 70118, USA.,Center for Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine, School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
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17
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Madry H, Venkatesan JK, Carballo-Pedrares N, Rey-Rico A, Cucchiarini M. Scaffold-Mediated Gene Delivery for Osteochondral Repair. Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:pharmaceutics12100930. [PMID: 33003607 PMCID: PMC7601511 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12100930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteochondral defects involve both the articular cartilage and the underlying subchondral bone. If left untreated, they may lead to osteoarthritis. Advanced biomaterial-guided delivery of gene vectors has recently emerged as an attractive therapeutic concept for osteochondral repair. The goal of this review is to provide an overview of the variety of biomaterials employed as nonviral or viral gene carriers for osteochondral repair approaches both in vitro and in vivo, including hydrogels, solid scaffolds, and hybrid materials. The data show that a site-specific delivery of therapeutic gene vectors in the context of acellular or cellular strategies allows for a spatial and temporal control of osteochondral neotissue composition in vitro. In vivo, implantation of acellular hydrogels loaded with nonviral or viral vectors has been reported to significantly improve osteochondral repair in translational defect models. These advances support the concept of scaffold-mediated gene delivery for osteochondral repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henning Madry
- Center of Experimental Orthopaedics, Saarland University Medical Center, Kirrbergerstr. Bldg 37, D-66421 Homburg, Germany; (H.M.); (J.K.V.)
| | - Jagadeesh Kumar Venkatesan
- Center of Experimental Orthopaedics, Saarland University Medical Center, Kirrbergerstr. Bldg 37, D-66421 Homburg, Germany; (H.M.); (J.K.V.)
| | - Natalia Carballo-Pedrares
- Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine Unit, Centro de Investigacións Científicas Avanzadas (CICA), Universidade da Coruña, S-15071 A Coruña, Spain; (N.C.-P.); (A.R.-R.)
| | - Ana Rey-Rico
- Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine Unit, Centro de Investigacións Científicas Avanzadas (CICA), Universidade da Coruña, S-15071 A Coruña, Spain; (N.C.-P.); (A.R.-R.)
| | - Magali Cucchiarini
- Center of Experimental Orthopaedics, Saarland University Medical Center, Kirrbergerstr. Bldg 37, D-66421 Homburg, Germany; (H.M.); (J.K.V.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-684-1162-4987; Fax: +49-684-1162-4988
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18
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Souza ATP, Lopes HB, Freitas GP, Ferraz EP, Oliveira FS, Almeida ALG, Weffort D, Beloti MM, Rosa AL. Role of embryonic origin on osteogenic potential and bone repair capacity of rat calvarial osteoblasts. J Bone Miner Metab 2020; 38:481-490. [PMID: 32078052 DOI: 10.1007/s00774-020-01090-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2019] [Accepted: 01/31/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The aim of this study was to evaluate the in vitro osteogenic potential of osteoblasts from neural crest-derived frontal bone (OB-NC) and mesoderm-derived parietal bone (OB-MS) and the bone formation induced by them when injected into calvarial defects. MATERIALS AND METHODS Calvarial bones were collected from newborn Wistar rats (3-day old) and characterized as frontal and parietal prior to OB-NC and OB-MS harvesting. The cells were cultured, and several parameters of osteoblast differentiation were evaluated. These cells, or PBS without cells (control), were locally injected into 5-mm rat calvarial defects (5 × 106 cells/defect) and after 4 weeks bone formation was evaluated by morphometric and histological analyses. RESULTS The characterization of frontal and parietal bones assured the different embryonic origin of both cell populations, OB-NC and OB-MS. The OB-NC presented higher proliferation while the OB-MS presented higher alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, extracellular matrix mineralization and gene expression of runt-related transcription factor 2, Alp, bone sialoprotein and osteocalcin revealing their high osteogenic potential. µCT analysis indicated that there was higher amount of bone formation in defects injected with both OB-NC and OB-MS compared to the control. Moreover, the bone tissue formed by both cells displayed the same histological characteristics. CONCLUSIONS Despite the distinct in vitro osteogenic potential, OB-NC and OB-MS induced similar bone repair in a rat calvarial defect model. Thus, osteoblasts, irrespective of their in vitro osteogenic potential linked to embryonic origins, seem to be suitable for cell-based therapies aiming to repair bone defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alann Thaffarell Portilho Souza
- Bone Research Lab, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Av do Café s/n, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14040-904, Brazil
| | - Helena Bacha Lopes
- Bone Research Lab, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Av do Café s/n, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14040-904, Brazil
| | - Gileade Pereira Freitas
- Bone Research Lab, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Av do Café s/n, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14040-904, Brazil
| | - Emanuela Prado Ferraz
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, Prosthesis and Traumatology, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Fabiola Singaretti Oliveira
- Bone Research Lab, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Av do Café s/n, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14040-904, Brazil
| | - Adriana Luisa Gonçalves Almeida
- Bone Research Lab, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Av do Café s/n, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14040-904, Brazil
| | - Denise Weffort
- Bone Research Lab, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Av do Café s/n, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14040-904, Brazil
| | - Marcio Mateus Beloti
- Bone Research Lab, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Av do Café s/n, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14040-904, Brazil
| | - Adalberto Luiz Rosa
- Bone Research Lab, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Av do Café s/n, Ribeirão Preto, SP, 14040-904, Brazil.
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Kuterbekov M, Jonas AM, Glinel K, Picart C. Osteogenic Differentiation of Adipose-Derived Stromal Cells: From Bench to Clinics. TISSUE ENGINEERING PART B-REVIEWS 2020; 26:461-474. [PMID: 32098603 DOI: 10.1089/ten.teb.2019.0225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
In addition to mesenchymal stem cells, adipose-derived stem/stromal cells (ASCs) are an attractive source for a large variety of cell-based therapies. One of their most important potential applications is related to the regeneration of bone tissue thanks to their capacity to differentiate in bone cells. However, this requires a proper control of their osteogenic differentiation, which depends not only on the initial characteristics of harvested cells but also on the conditions used for their culture. In this review, we first briefly describe the preclinical and clinical trials using ASCs for bone regeneration and present the quantitative parameters used to characterize the osteogenic differentiation of ASCs. We then focus on the soluble factors influencing the osteogenic differentiation of ACS, including the steroid hormones and various growth factors, notably the most osteoinductive ones, the bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs). Impact statement Adipose-derived stromal/stem cells are reviewed for their use in bone regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirasbek Kuterbekov
- Institute of Condensed Matter & Nanosciences (Bio & Soft Matter), Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium.,Grenoble Institute of Technology, University Grenoble Alpes, LMGP, Grenoble, France
| | - Alain M Jonas
- Institute of Condensed Matter & Nanosciences (Bio & Soft Matter), Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Karine Glinel
- Institute of Condensed Matter & Nanosciences (Bio & Soft Matter), Université Catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Catherine Picart
- Grenoble Institute of Technology, University Grenoble Alpes, LMGP, Grenoble, France.,Biomimetism and Regenerative Medicine Lab, CEA, Institute of Interdisciplinary Research of Grenoble (IRIG), Université Grenoble-Alpes/CEA/CNRS, Grenoble, France
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20
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Freitas GP, Lopes HB, P Souza AT, F P Oliveira PG, G Almeida AL, Coelho PG, Ferreira FU, Covas DT, Beloti MM, Rosa AL. Effect of cell therapy with osteoblasts differentiated from bone marrow or adipose tissue stromal cells on bone repair. Regen Med 2020; 14:1107-1119. [PMID: 31960753 DOI: 10.2217/rme-2019-0036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of local injection of osteoblasts differentiated from bone marrow (BM-OB) or adipose tissue (AT-OB) mesenchymal stromal cells on bone tissue formation. Materials & methods: Defects were created in rat calvaria and injected with BM-OB or AT-OB and phosphate-buffered saline without cells were injected as control. Bone formation was evaluated 4 weeks postinjection. Results: Injection of BM-OB or AT-OB resulted in higher bone formation than that obtained with control. The bone tissue induced by cell injections exhibited similar mechanical properties as those of pristine calvarial bone, and its molecular cues suggested the occurrence of a remodeling process. Conclusion: Results of this study demonstrated that cell therapy with osteoblasts induced significant bone formation that exhibited the same quality as that of pre-existent bone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gileade P Freitas
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery & Periodontology, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Helena B Lopes
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery & Periodontology, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Alann T P Souza
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery & Periodontology, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Paula G F P Oliveira
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery & Periodontology, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Adriana L G Almeida
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery & Periodontology, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Paulo G Coelho
- Department of Biomaterials, New York University College of Dentistry, NY 10010, USA.,Hansjörg Wyss Department of Plastic Surgery, New York University School of Medicine, NY 10016, USA
| | - Fernanda U Ferreira
- Center for Cell-Based Research, Regional Blood Center of Ribeirão Preto, School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Dimas T Covas
- Center for Cell-Based Research, Regional Blood Center of Ribeirão Preto, School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, SP, Brazil.,Department of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Marcio M Beloti
- Department of Basic & Oral Biology, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Adalberto L Rosa
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery & Periodontology, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, SP, Brazil
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21
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Electric Phenomenon: A Disregarded Tool in Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine. Trends Biotechnol 2020; 38:24-49. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2019.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2019] [Revised: 07/01/2019] [Accepted: 07/02/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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22
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Madsen SD, Jones SH, Tucker HA, Giler MK, Muller DC, Discher CT, Russell KC, Dobek GL, Sammarco MC, Bunnell BA, O'Connor KC. Survival of aging CD264 + and CD264 - populations of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells is independent of colony-forming efficiency. Biotechnol Bioeng 2019; 117:223-237. [PMID: 31612990 DOI: 10.1002/bit.27195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2019] [Revised: 09/20/2019] [Accepted: 10/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
In vivo mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) survival is relevant to therapeutic applications requiring engraftment and potentially to nonengraftment applications as well. MSCs are a mixture of progenitors at different stages of cellular aging, but the contribution of this heterogeneity to the survival of MSC implants is unknown. Here, we employ a biomarker of cellular aging, the decoy TRAIL receptor CD264, to compare the survival kinetics of two cell populations in human bone marrow MSC (hBM-MSC) cultures. Sorted CD264+ hBM-MSCs from two age-matched donors have elevated β-galactosidase activity, decreased differentiation potential and form in vitro colonies inefficiently relative to CD264- hBM-MSCs. Counterintuitive to their aging phenotype, CD264+ hBM-MSCs exhibited comparable survival to matched CD264- hBM-MSCs from the same culture during in vitro colony formation and in vivo when implanted ectopically in immunodeficient NIH III mice. In vitro and in vivo survival of these two cell populations were independent of colony-forming efficiency. These findings have ramifications for the preparation of hBM-MSC therapies given the prevalence of aging CD264+ cells in hBM-MSC cultures and the popularity of colony-forming efficiency as a quality control metric in preclinical and clinical studies with MSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sean D Madsen
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, School of Science and Engineering, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana.,Center for Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine, School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Sean H Jones
- Department of Comparative Medicine, School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - H Alan Tucker
- Center for Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine, School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Margaret K Giler
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, School of Science and Engineering, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana.,Center for Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine, School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Dyllan C Muller
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, School of Science and Engineering, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Carson T Discher
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, School of Science and Engineering, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Katie C Russell
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, School of Science and Engineering, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Georgina L Dobek
- Department of Comparative Medicine, School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Mimi C Sammarco
- Center for Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine, School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana.,Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana.,Center for Aging, School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Bruce A Bunnell
- Center for Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine, School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana.,Center for Aging, School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana.,Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana
| | - Kim C O'Connor
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, School of Science and Engineering, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana.,Center for Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine, School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana.,Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana.,Center for Aging, School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana
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23
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Yu S, Mu Y, Zhang X, Li J, Lee C, Wang H. Molecular mechanisms underlying titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO 2NP) induced autophagy in mesenchymal stem cells (MSC). JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2019; 82:997-1008. [PMID: 31718501 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2019.1688482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The bone marrow is one of the target tissues for titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2NP) following environmental exposure. At present, the consequences of TiO2NP exposure in bone are not well known. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of TiO2NP on mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and potential underlying mechanisms. Mesenchymal bone marrow-derived cells were cultured and treated with various concentrations of TiO2NP. Results showed that TiO2NP incubation produced cytotoxicity as evidenced by reduced cell viability. Using Western blotting TiO2NP was found to increase autophagy as determined by elevation in ratio of LC3-II from LC3-I without evidence of necrotic cell death as estimated by lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) level. TiO2NP produced a rise in intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels. The observed alterations in autophagy and oxidant stress were associated with upregulation of protein expression of p38, JNK, and ERK. Data indicate that TiO2NP-mediated decrease in MSC survival involves a complex series of events associated stimulation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway and consequent autophagy and oxidative damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunbang Yu
- School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia
| | - Yongping Mu
- Tumor Molecular Diagnostic Laboratory, Department of Clinical Laboratory Centre, The Affiliated People's Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, China
| | - Xudong Zhang
- School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia
| | - Jian Li
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, US
| | - Charles Lee
- School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, Singapore
| | - He Wang
- School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia
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24
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Zheng W, Chen Q, Zhang Y, Xia R, Gu X, Hao Y, Yu Z, Sun X, Hu D. BMP9 promotes osteogenic differentiation of SMSCs by activating the JNK/Smad2/3 signaling pathway. J Cell Biochem 2019; 121:2851-2863. [PMID: 31680322 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.29519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2019] [Accepted: 10/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Synovial mesenchymal stem cells (SMSCs) with high proliferation and multi differentiation ability, and low immunogenicity have attracted research attention for their potential application in tissue engineering. Once their ability of osteogenesis is strengthened, it will be of practical value to apply the SMSCs in the field of bone regeneration. The current study aimed to investigate the osteogenic characteristics of SMSCs induced by bone morphogenetic protein 9 (BMP9) both in vitro and in vivo and to elucidate the mechanism underlying these characteristics. Specifically, different BMPs were assessed to determine the protein that would be the most favorable for stimulating osteogenic differentiation of SMSCs following their separation. The BMP9-enhanced osteogenesis of SMSCs was fully investigated in vitro and in vivo, and the c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK)/Smad2/3 signaling pathway stimulated by BMP9 was further explored. Our data suggested that BMP9 could significantly promote gene and protein expression of runt-related transcription factor 2, alkaline phosphatase, osteopontin, and osteocalcin, and SP600125, a JNK-specific inhibitor, could effectively decrease this tendency. Similar results were also confirmed in rats with cranial defects. In conclusion, our study indicated that BMP9 promotes bone formation both in vitro and in vivo possibly by activating the JNK/Smad2/3 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Zheng
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, China
| | - Qian Chen
- Laboratory Center, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Rui Xia
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xueping Gu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yuefeng Hao
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, China
| | - Zepeng Yu
- Department of Intervention, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xingwei Sun
- Department of Intervention, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Dan Hu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, China
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25
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Freitas GP, Lopes HB, Souza ATP, Oliveira PGFP, Almeida ALG, Souza LEB, Coelho PG, Beloti MM, Rosa AL. Cell Therapy: Effect of Locally Injected Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Derived from Bone Marrow or Adipose Tissue on Bone Regeneration of Rat Calvarial Defects. Sci Rep 2019; 9:13476. [PMID: 31530883 PMCID: PMC6748998 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-50067-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2019] [Accepted: 09/05/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Treatment of large bone defects is a challenging clinical situation that may be benefited from cell therapies based on regenerative medicine. This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of local injection of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (BM-MSCs) or adipose tissue-derived MSCs (AT-MSCs) on the regeneration of rat calvarial defects. BM-MSCs and AT-MSCs were characterized based on their expression of specific surface markers; cell viability was evaluated after injection with a 21-G needle. Defects measuring 5 mm that were created in rat calvaria were injected with BM-MSCs, AT-MSCs, or vehicle-phosphate-buffered saline (Control) 2 weeks post-defect creation. Cells were tracked by bioluminescence, and 4 weeks post-injection, the newly formed bone was evaluated by µCT, histology, nanoindentation, and gene expression of bone markers. BM-MSCs and AT-MSCs exhibited the characteristics of MSCs and maintained their viability after passing through the 21-G needle. Injection of both BM-MSCs and AT-MSCs resulted in increased bone formation compared to that in Control and with similar mechanical properties as those of native bone. The expression of genes associated with bone formation was higher in the newly formed bone induced by BM-MSCs, whereas the expression of genes involved in bone resorption was higher in the AT-MSC group. Cell therapy based on local injection of BM-MSCs or AT-MSCs is effective in delivering cells that induced a significant improvement in bone healing. Despite differences observed in molecular cues between BM-MSCs and AT-MSCs, both cells had the ability to induce bone tissue formation at comparable amounts and properties. These results may drive new cell therapy approaches toward complete bone regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gileade P Freitas
- Bone Research Lab, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Helena B Lopes
- Bone Research Lab, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Alann T P Souza
- Bone Research Lab, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Paula G F P Oliveira
- Bone Research Lab, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Adriana L G Almeida
- Bone Research Lab, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Lucas E B Souza
- Hemotherapy Center of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Paulo G Coelho
- Department of Biomaterials, New York University College of Dentistry, New York, NY, USA.,Hanjorg Wyss Department of Plastic Surgery, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Marcio M Beloti
- Bone Research Lab, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Adalberto L Rosa
- Bone Research Lab, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
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26
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Almeida ALG, Freitas GP, Lopes HB, Gimenes R, Siessere S, Sousa LG, Beloti MM, Rosa AL. Effect of stem cells combined with a polymer/ceramic membrane on osteoporotic bone repair. Braz Oral Res 2019; 33:e079. [PMID: 31531565 DOI: 10.1590/1807-3107bor-2019.vol33.0079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2019] [Accepted: 06/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell therapy associated with guided bone regeneration (GBR) can be used to treat bone defects under challenging conditions such as osteoporosis. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in combination with a poly(vinylidene-trifluoroethylene)/barium titanate (PVDF-TrFE/BT) membrane on bone repair in osteoporotic rats. Osteoporosis was induced in female rats by bilateral removal of the ovaries (OVX) or sham surgery (SHAM), and the osteoporotic condition was characterized after 5 months by microtomographic and morphometric analyses. Calvarial defects were created in osteoporotic rats that immediately received the PVDF-TrFE/BT membrane. After 2 weeks, bone marrow-derived MSCs from healthy rats, characterized by the expression of surface markers using flow cytometry, or phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) (Control) were injected into the defects and bone formation was evaluated 4 weeks post-injection by microtomographic, morphometric, and histological analyses. A reduction in the amount of bone tissue in the femurs of OVX compared with SHAM rats confirmed the osteoporotic condition of the experimental model. More bone formation was observed when the defects were injected with MSCs compared to that with PBS. The modification that we are proposing in this study for the classical GBR approach where cells are locally injected after a membrane implantation may be a promising therapeutic strategy to increase bone formation under osteoporotic condition.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gileade Pereira Freitas
- Universidade de São Paulo - USP, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto , Bone Research Lab , Ribeirão Preto , SP , Brazil
| | - Helena Bacha Lopes
- Universidade de São Paulo - USP, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto , Bone Research Lab , Ribeirão Preto , SP , Brazil
| | - Rossano Gimenes
- Universidade Federal de Itajubá - Unifei, Institute of Physics and Chemistry , Itajubá , MG , Brazil
| | - Selma Siessere
- Universidade de São Paulo - USP, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto , Department of Basic and Oral Biology , Ribeirão Preto , SP , Brazil
| | - Luiz Gustavo Sousa
- Universidade de São Paulo - USP, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto , Department of Basic and Oral Biology , Ribeirão Preto , SP , Brazil
| | - Marcio Mateus Beloti
- Universidade de São Paulo - USP, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto , Bone Research Lab , Ribeirão Preto , SP , Brazil
| | - Adalberto Luiz Rosa
- Universidade de São Paulo - USP, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto , Bone Research Lab , Ribeirão Preto , SP , Brazil
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27
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Fideles SOM, Ortiz AC, Assis AF, Duarte MJ, Oliveira FS, Passos GA, Beloti MM, Rosa AL. Effect of cell source and osteoblast differentiation on gene expression profiles of mesenchymal stem cells derived from bone marrow or adipose tissue. J Cell Biochem 2019; 120:11842-11852. [PMID: 30746760 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.28463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2018] [Accepted: 01/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been used in therapies for bone tissue healing. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of cell source and osteoblast differentiation on gene expression profiles of MSCs from bone marrow (BM-MSCs) or adipose tissue (AT-MSCs) to contribute for selecting a suitable cell population to be used in cell-based strategies for bone regeneration. BM-MSCs and AT-MSCs were cultured in growth medium to keep MSCs characteristics or in osteogenic medium to induce osteoblast differentiation (BM-OBs and AT-OBs). The transcriptomic analysis was performed by microarray covering the entire rat functional genome. It was observed that cells from bone marrow presented higher expression of genes related to osteogenesis, whereas cells from adipose tissue showed a higher expression of genes related to angiogenesis and adipocyte differentiation, irrespective of cell differentiation. By comparing cells from the same source, MSCs from both sources exhibited higher expression of genes involved in angiogenesis, osteoblast differentiation, and bone morphogenesis than osteoblasts. The clustering analysis showed that AT-OBs exhibited a gene expression profile closer to MSCs from both sources than BM-OBs, suggesting that BM-OBs were in a more advanced stage of differentiation. In conclusion, our results suggest that in cell-based therapies for bone regeneration AT-MSCs could be considered for angiogenic purposes, whereas BM-MSCs and osteoblasts differentiated from either source could be better for osteogenic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Ortiz Moura Fideles
- Bone Research Lab, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Adriana Cassia Ortiz
- Bone Research Lab, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Amanda Freire Assis
- Department of Genetics, Molecular Immunogenetics Group, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Max Jordan Duarte
- Department of Genetics, Molecular Immunogenetics Group, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fabiola Singaretti Oliveira
- Bone Research Lab, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Geraldo Aleixo Passos
- Department of Genetics, Molecular Immunogenetics Group, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.,Department of Basic and Oral Biology, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Márcio Mateus Beloti
- Bone Research Lab, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Adalberto Luiz Rosa
- Bone Research Lab, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
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28
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Szewczyk PK, Metwally S, Karbowniczek JE, Marzec MM, Stodolak-Zych E, Gruszczyński A, Bernasik A, Stachewicz U. Surface-Potential-Controlled Cell Proliferation and Collagen Mineralization on Electrospun Polyvinylidene Fluoride (PVDF) Fiber Scaffolds for Bone Regeneration. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2018; 5:582-593. [DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.8b01108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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29
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Souza ATP, Freitas GP, Lopes HB, Ferraz EP, Oliveira FS, Beloti MM, Rosa AL. Effect of cell therapy with allogeneic osteoblasts on bone repair of rat calvaria defects. Cytotherapy 2018; 20:1267-1277. [PMID: 30196010 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2018.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2018] [Revised: 05/15/2018] [Accepted: 06/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AIMS Regenerative medicine strategies based on cell therapy are considered a promising approach to repair bone defects. The aims of this study were to evaluate the effect of subculturing on the osteogenic potential of osteoblasts derived from newborn rat calvaria and the effect of these osteoblasts on bone repair of rat calvaria defects. METHODS Cells were obtained from 50 newborn rat calvaria, and primary osteoblasts (OB) were compared with first passage (OB-P1) in terms of osteogenic potential by assaying cell proliferation, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, extracellular matrix mineralization and gene expression of the osteoblastic markers RUNX2, ALP, osteocalcin and bone sialoprotein. Then, 5-mm calvaria defects were created in 24 Wistar rats, and after 2 weeks, they were locally injected with 50 µL of phosphate-buffered saline containing either 5 × 106 osteoblasts (OB-P1, n = 12) or no cells (control, n = 12). Four weeks post-injection, the bone formation was evaluated by micro-computed tomography and histological analyses. Data were compared by analysis of variance, followed by the Student-Newman-Keuls's test or Student's t-test (P ≤ 0.05). RESULTS OB-P1 showed high proliferation and ALP activity, and despite the reduced gene expression of osteoblastic markers and extracellular matrix mineralization compared with OB, they displayed osteogenic potential, being a good choice for injection into calvaria defects. The micro-tomographic and histological data showed that defects treated with OB-P1 presented higher bone formation compared with control defects. DISCUSSION Our results indicate that cells derived from newborn rat calvaria retain osteoblastic characteristics after subculturing and that these osteoblasts stimulate bone repair in a rat calvaria defect model.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gileade Pereira Freitas
- Cell Culture Laboratory, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Helena Bacha Lopes
- Cell Culture Laboratory, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Emanuela Prado Ferraz
- Cell Culture Laboratory, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Fabiola Singaretti Oliveira
- Cell Culture Laboratory, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Marcio Mateus Beloti
- Cell Culture Laboratory, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - Adalberto Luiz Rosa
- Cell Culture Laboratory, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil.
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