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Uzieliene I, Popov A, Vaiciuleviciute R, Kirdaite G, Bernotiene E, Ramanaviciene A. Polypyrrole-based structures for activation of cellular functions under electrical stimulation. Bioelectrochemistry 2024; 155:108585. [PMID: 37847982 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2023.108585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023]
Abstract
Polypyrrole (Ppy) is an electroconductive polymer used in various applications, including in vitro experiments with cell cultures under electrical stimulation (ES). Ppy can be applied in various forms and most importantly, it is biocompatible with cells. Ppy specifically directs ES to cells, which makes Ppy a potential polymer for the development of novel technologies for targeted tissue regeneration. The high potential of ES in combination with different Ppy-based systems, such as hydrogels, scaffolds, or Ppy-layers is advantageous to stimulate cellular differentiation towards neurogenic, cardiac, muscle, and osteogenic lineages. Different in-house devices and the principles of ES application used to stimulate cellular functions are reviewed and summarized. The focus of this review is to observe the most relevant studies and their in-house techniques regarding the application of Ppy-based materials for the use of bone, neural, cardiac, and muscle tissue regeneration under ES. Different types of Ppy materials, such as Ppy particles, layers/films, membranes, and 3D-shaped synthetic and natural scaffolds, as well as combining Ppy with different active molecules are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilona Uzieliene
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine, LT-08406 Vilnius, Lithuania; Department of Immunology, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine, LT-08406 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Anton Popov
- Department of Immunology, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine, LT-08406 Vilnius, Lithuania; NanoTechnas - Center on Nanotechnology and Materials Sciences, Faculty of Chemistry and Geosciences, Vilnius University, Naugarduko g. 24, LT-03225 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Raminta Vaiciuleviciute
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine, LT-08406 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Gailute Kirdaite
- Department of Experimental, Preventive and Clinical Medicine, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine, LT-08406 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Eiva Bernotiene
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine, LT-08406 Vilnius, Lithuania; Faculty of Fundamental Sciences, Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, VilniusTech, Sauletekio al. 11, LT-10223 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Almira Ramanaviciene
- Department of Immunology, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine, LT-08406 Vilnius, Lithuania; NanoTechnas - Center on Nanotechnology and Materials Sciences, Faculty of Chemistry and Geosciences, Vilnius University, Naugarduko g. 24, LT-03225 Vilnius, Lithuania.
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Pang Y, Guan L, Zhu Y, Niu R, Zhu S, Lin Q. Gallic acid-grafted chitosan antibacterial hydrogel incorporated with polydopamine-modified hydroxyapatite for enhancing bone healing. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2023; 11:1162202. [PMID: 37334266 PMCID: PMC10273101 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1162202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023] Open
Abstract
An open critical-size bone defect is a major medical problem because of the difficulty in self-healing, leading to an increased risk of bacterial infection owing to wound exposure, resulting in treatment failure. Herein, a composite hydrogel was synthesized by chitosan, gallic acid, and hyaluronic acid, termed "CGH." Hydroxyapatite was modified with polydopamine (PDA@HAP) and introduced to CGH to obtain a mussel-inspired mineralized hydrogel (CGH/PDA@HAP). The CGH/PDA@HAP hydrogel exhibited excellent mechanical performances, including self-healing and injectable properties. Owing to its three-dimensional porous structure and polydopamine modifications, the cellular affinity of the hydrogel was enhanced. When adding PDA@HAP into CGH, Ca2+ and PO4 3- could release and then promoted differentiation of BMSCs into osteoblasts. Without any osteogenic agent or stem cells, the area of new bone at the site of defect was enhanced and the newly formed bone had a dense trabecular structure after implanting of the CGH/PDA@HAP hydrogel for 4 and 8 weeks. Moreover, the growth of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli was effectively inhibited through the grafting of gallic acid onto chitosan. Above, this study provides a reasonable alternative strategy to manage open bone defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxuan Pang
- Department of Prosthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Lin Guan
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yanlin Zhu
- Department of Oral Implantology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Ruijuan Niu
- Meilong Community Health Service Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Song Zhu
- Department of Prosthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Quan Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, China
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Scuderi M, Dermol-Černe J, Batista Napotnik T, Chaigne S, Bernus O, Benoist D, Sigg DC, Rems L, Miklavčič D. Characterization of Experimentally Observed Complex Interplay between Pulse Duration, Electrical Field Strength, and Cell Orientation on Electroporation Outcome Using a Time-Dependent Nonlinear Numerical Model. Biomolecules 2023; 13:727. [PMID: 37238597 PMCID: PMC10216437 DOI: 10.3390/biom13050727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Electroporation is a biophysical phenomenon involving an increase in cell membrane permeability to molecules after a high-pulsed electric field is applied to the tissue. Currently, electroporation is being developed for non-thermal ablation of cardiac tissue to treat arrhythmias. Cardiomyocytes have been shown to be more affected by electroporation when oriented with their long axis parallel to the applied electric field. However, recent studies demonstrate that the preferentially affected orientation depends on the pulse parameters. To gain better insight into the influence of cell orientation on electroporation with different pulse parameters, we developed a time-dependent nonlinear numerical model where we calculated the induced transmembrane voltage and pores creation in the membrane due to electroporation. The numerical results show that the onset of electroporation is observed at lower electric field strengths for cells oriented parallel to the electric field for pulse durations ≥10 µs, and cells oriented perpendicular for pulse durations ~100 ns. For pulses of ~1 µs duration, electroporation is not very sensitive to cell orientation. Interestingly, as the electric field strength increases beyond the onset of electroporation, perpendicular cells become more affected irrespective of pulse duration. The results obtained using the developed time-dependent nonlinear model are corroborated by in vitro experimental measurements. Our study will contribute to the process of further development and optimization of pulsed-field ablation and gene therapy in cardiac treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Scuderi
- Faculty of Electrical Engineering, University of Ljubljana, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Janja Dermol-Černe
- Faculty of Electrical Engineering, University of Ljubljana, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Tina Batista Napotnik
- Faculty of Electrical Engineering, University of Ljubljana, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Sebastien Chaigne
- INSERM, CRCTB, U 1045, IHU Liryc, University of Bordeaux, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Olivier Bernus
- INSERM, CRCTB, U 1045, IHU Liryc, University of Bordeaux, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - David Benoist
- INSERM, CRCTB, U 1045, IHU Liryc, University of Bordeaux, F-33000 Bordeaux, France
| | - Daniel C. Sigg
- Medtronic, Cardiac Ablation Solutions, Minneapolis, MN 55105, USA
| | - Lea Rems
- Faculty of Electrical Engineering, University of Ljubljana, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Damijan Miklavčič
- Faculty of Electrical Engineering, University of Ljubljana, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
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4
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Vaiciuleviciute R, Uzieliene I, Bernotas P, Novickij V, Alaburda A, Bernotiene E. Electrical Stimulation in Cartilage Tissue Engineering. Bioengineering (Basel) 2023; 10:bioengineering10040454. [PMID: 37106641 PMCID: PMC10135934 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering10040454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Electrical stimulation (ES) has been frequently used in different biomedical applications both in vitro and in vivo. Numerous studies have demonstrated positive effects of ES on cellular functions, including metabolism, proliferation, and differentiation. The application of ES to cartilage tissue for increasing extracellular matrix formation is of interest, as cartilage is not able to restore its lesions owing to its avascular nature and lack of cells. Various ES approaches have been used to stimulate chondrogenic differentiation in chondrocytes and stem cells; however, there is a huge gap in systematizing ES protocols used for chondrogenic differentiation of cells. This review focuses on the application of ES for chondrocyte and mesenchymal stem cell chondrogenesis for cartilage tissue regeneration. The effects of different types of ES on cellular functions and chondrogenic differentiation are reviewed, systematically providing ES protocols and their advantageous effects. Moreover, cartilage 3D modeling using cells in scaffolds/hydrogels under ES are observed, and recommendations on reporting about the use of ES in different studies are provided to ensure adequate consolidation of knowledge in the area of ES. This review brings novel insights into the further application of ES in in vitro studies, which are promising for further cartilage repair techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raminta Vaiciuleviciute
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine, Santariskiu g. 5, 08410 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Ilona Uzieliene
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine, Santariskiu g. 5, 08410 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Paulius Bernotas
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine, Santariskiu g. 5, 08410 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Vitalij Novickij
- Department of Immunology, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine, Santariškių g. 5, 08410 Vilnius, Lithuania
- Faculty of Electronics, High Magnetic Field Institute, Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, Plytines g. 27, 10105 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Aidas Alaburda
- Life Sciences Center, Institute of Biosciences, Vilnius University, Sauletekio al. 7, 10257 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Eiva Bernotiene
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine, Santariskiu g. 5, 08410 Vilnius, Lithuania
- VilniusTech, Faculty of Fundamental Sciences, Sauletekio al. 11, 10223 Vilnius, Lithuania
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Zhou Z, Zheng J, Meng X, Wang F. Effects of Electrical Stimulation on Articular Cartilage Regeneration with a Focus on Piezoelectric Biomaterials for Articular Cartilage Tissue Repair and Engineering. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24031836. [PMID: 36768157 PMCID: PMC9915254 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24031836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
There is increasing evidence that chondrocytes within articular cartilage are affected by endogenous force-related electrical potentials. Furthermore, electrical stimulation (ES) promotes the proliferation of chondrocytes and the synthesis of extracellular matrix (ECM) molecules, which accelerate the healing of cartilage defects. These findings suggest the potential application of ES in cartilage repair. In this review, we summarize the pathogenesis of articular cartilage injuries and the current clinical strategies for the treatment of articular cartilage injuries. We then focus on the application of ES in the repair of articular cartilage in vivo. The ES-induced chondrogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and its potential regulatory mechanism are discussed in detail. In addition, we discuss the potential of applying piezoelectric materials in the process of constructing engineering articular cartilage, highlighting the important advances in the unique field of tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengjie Zhou
- The Key Laboratory of Pathobiology Ministry of Education, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Jingtong Zheng
- The Key Laboratory of Pathobiology Ministry of Education, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Xiaoting Meng
- Department of Histology & Embryology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
- Correspondence: (X.M.); (F.W.); Tel.: +86-0431-8561-9486 (X.M. & F.W.)
| | - Fang Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Pathobiology Ministry of Education, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
- Correspondence: (X.M.); (F.W.); Tel.: +86-0431-8561-9486 (X.M. & F.W.)
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Li Y, Yang L, Hou Y, Zhang Z, Chen M, Wang M, Liu J, Wang J, Zhao Z, Xie C, Lu X. Polydopamine-mediated graphene oxide and nanohydroxyapatite-incorporated conductive scaffold with an immunomodulatory ability accelerates periodontal bone regeneration in diabetes. Bioact Mater 2022; 18:213-227. [PMID: 35387166 PMCID: PMC8961429 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2022.03.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Revised: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Regenerating periodontal bone tissues in the aggravated inflammatory periodontal microenvironment under diabetic conditions is a great challenge. Here, a polydopamine-mediated graphene oxide (PGO) and hydroxyapatite nanoparticle (PHA)-incorporated conductive alginate/gelatin (AG) scaffold is developed to accelerate periodontal bone regeneration by modulating the diabetic inflammatory microenvironment. PHA confers the scaffold with osteoinductivity and PGO provides a conductive pathway for the scaffold. The conductive scaffold promotes bone regeneration by transferring endogenous electrical signals to cells and activating Ca2+ channels. Moreover, the scaffold with polydopamine-mediated nanomaterials has a reactive oxygen species (ROS)-scavenging ability and anti-inflammatory activity. It also exhibits an immunomodulatory ability that suppresses M1 macrophage polarization and activates M2 macrophages to secrete osteogenesis-related cytokines by mediating glycolytic and RhoA/ROCK pathways in macrophages. The scaffold induces excellent bone regeneration in periodontal bone defects of diabetic rats because of the synergistic effects of good conductive, ROS-scavenging, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory abilities. This study provides fundamental insights into the synergistical effects of conductivity, osteoinductivity, and immunomodulatory abilities on bone regeneration and offers a novel strategy to design immunomodulatory biomaterials for treatment of immune-related diseases and tissue regeneration. The conductive PGO-PHA-AG scaffold can activate Ca2+ channels. •The PGO-PHA-AG scaffold had ROS-scavenging and anti-inflammatory activities. •The scaffold exhibited an immunomodulatory ability. •The scaffold induced excellent periodontal bone regeneration in diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yazhen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Lu Yang
- Key Lab of Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610031, China
| | - Yue Hou
- Key Lab of Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610031, China
| | - Zhenzhen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Miao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Maoxia Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral Implantology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Jin Liu
- Lab for Aging Research and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
| | - Jun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
- Corresponding author.
| | - Zhihe Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610041, China
- Corresponding author.
| | - Chaoming Xie
- Key Lab of Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610031, China
- Corresponding author.
| | - Xiong Lu
- Key Lab of Advanced Technologies of Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 610031, China
- Corresponding author.
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7
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Murphy KR, Aycock KN, Hay AN, Rossmeisl JH, Davalos RV, Dervisis NG. High-frequency irreversible electroporation brain tumor ablation: exploring the dynamics of cell death and recovery. Bioelectrochemistry 2022; 144:108001. [PMID: 34844040 PMCID: PMC8792323 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2021.108001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Revised: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Improved therapeutics for malignant brain tumors are urgently needed. High-frequency irreversible electroporation (H-FIRE) is a minimally invasive, nonthermal tissue ablation technique, which utilizes high-frequency, bipolar electric pulses to precisely kill tumor cells. The mechanisms of H-FIRE-induced tumor cell death and potential for cellular recovery are incompletely characterized. We hypothesized that tumor cells treated with specific H-FIRE electric field doses can survive and retain proliferative capacity. F98 glioma and LL/2 Lewis lung carcinoma cell suspensions were treated with H-FIRE to model primary and metastatic brain cancer, respectively. Cell membrane permeability, apoptosis, metabolic viability, and proliferative capacity were temporally measured using exclusion dyes, condensed chromatin staining, WST-8 fluorescence, and clonogenic assays, respectively. Both tumor cell lines exhibited dose-dependent permeabilization, with 1,500 V/cm permitting and 3,000 V/cm inhibiting membrane recovery 24 h post-treatment. Cells treated with 1,500 V/cm demonstrated significant and progressive recovery of apoptosis and metabolic activity, in contrast to cells treated with higher H-FIRE doses. Cancer cells treated with recovery-permitting doses of H-FIRE maintained while those treated with recovery-inhibiting doses lost proliferative capacity. Taken together, our data suggest that H-FIRE induces reversible and irreversible cellular damage in a dose-dependent manner, and the presence of dose-dependent recovery mechanisms permits tumor cell proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelsey R Murphy
- Department of Biomedical and Veterinary Sciences, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Blacksburg, VA 24061, United States.
| | - Kenneth N Aycock
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Mechanics, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061, United States.
| | - Alayna N Hay
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Blacksburg, VA 24061, United States.
| | - John H Rossmeisl
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Blacksburg, VA 24061, United States.
| | - Rafael V Davalos
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Mechanics, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061, United States; ICTAS Center for Engineered Health, Virginia Tech, Kelly Hall, Blacksburg, VA 24061, United States.
| | - Nikolaos G Dervisis
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Blacksburg, VA 24061, United States; Department of Internal Medicine, Virginia Tech Carilion School of Medicine, Roanoke, VA 24016, United States.
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8
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Bhattacharya S, Silkunas M, Gudvangen E, Mangalanathan U, Pakhomova ON, Pakhomov AG. Ca 2+ dependence and kinetics of cell membrane repair after electropermeabilization. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. BIOMEMBRANES 2022; 1864:183823. [PMID: 34838875 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2021.183823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Electroporation, in particular with nanosecond pulses, is an efficient technique to generate nanometer-size membrane lesions without the use of toxins or other chemicals. The restoration of the membrane integrity takes minutes and is only partially dependent on [Ca2+]. We explored the impact of Ca2+ on the kinetics of membrane resealing by monitoring the entry of a YO-PRO-1 dye (YP) in BPAE and HEK cells. Ca2+ was promptly removed or added after the electric pulse (EP) by a fast-step perfusion. YP entry increased sharply after the EP and gradually slowed down following either a single- or a double-exponential function. In BPAE cells permeabilized by a single 300- or 600-ns EP at 14 kV/cm in a Ca2+-free medium, perfusion with 2 mM of external Ca2+ advanced the 90% resealing and reduced the dye uptake about twofold. Membrane restoration was accomplished by a combination of fast, Ca2+-independent resealing (τ = 13-15 s) and slow, Ca2+-dependent processes (τ ~70 s with Ca2+ and ~ 110 s or more without it). These time constants did not change when the membrane damage was doubled by increasing EP duration from 300 to 600 ns. However, injury by microsecond-range EP (300 and 600 μs) took longer to recover even when the membrane initially was less damaged, presumably because of the larger size of pores made in the membrane. Full membrane recovery was not prevented by blocking both extra- and intracellular Ca2+ (by loading cells with BAPTA or after Ca2+ depletion from the reticulum), suggesting the recruitment of unknown Ca2+-independent repair mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayak Bhattacharya
- Frank Reidy Research Center for Bioelectrics, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA 23508, USA
| | - Mantas Silkunas
- Frank Reidy Research Center for Bioelectrics, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA 23508, USA; Institute for Digestive System Research, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, 44307 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Emily Gudvangen
- Frank Reidy Research Center for Bioelectrics, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA 23508, USA
| | - Uma Mangalanathan
- Frank Reidy Research Center for Bioelectrics, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA 23508, USA
| | - Olga N Pakhomova
- Frank Reidy Research Center for Bioelectrics, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA 23508, USA
| | - Andrei G Pakhomov
- Frank Reidy Research Center for Bioelectrics, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA 23508, USA.
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Novickij V, Zinkevizčienė A, Radzevičiūtė E, Kulbacka J, Rembiałkowska N, Novickij J, Girkontaitė I. Bioluminescent Calcium Mediated Detection of Nanosecond Electroporation: Grasping the Differences Between 100 ns and 100 µs Pulses. Bioelectrochemistry 2022; 145:108084. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2022.108084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Revised: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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10
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Pulse Duration Dependent Asymmetry in Molecular Transmembrane Transport Due to Electroporation in H9c2 Rat Cardiac Myoblast Cells In Vitro. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26216571. [PMID: 34770979 PMCID: PMC8588460 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26216571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Revised: 10/09/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Electroporation (EP) is one of the successful physical methods for intracellular drug delivery, which temporarily permeabilizes plasma membrane by exposing cells to electric pulses. Orientation of cells in electric field is important for electroporation and, consequently, for transport of molecules through permeabilized plasma membrane. Uptake of molecules after electroporation are the greatest at poles of cells facing electrodes and is often asymmetrical. However, asymmetry reported was inconsistent and inconclusive-in different reports it was either preferentially anodal or cathodal. We investigated the asymmetry of polar uptake of calcium ions after electroporation with electric pulses of different durations, as the orientation of elongated cells affects electroporation to a different extent when using electric pulses of different durations in the range of 100 ns to 100 µs. The results show that with 1, 10, and 100 µs pulses, the uptake of calcium ions is greater at the pole closer to the cathode than at the pole closer to the anode. With shorter 100 ns pulses, the asymmetry is not observed. A different extent of electroporation at different parts of elongated cells, such as muscle or cardiac cells, may have an impact on electroporation-based treatments such as drug delivery, pulse-field ablation, and gene electrotransfection.
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11
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Ca 2+ roles in electroporation-induced changes of cancer cell physiology: From membrane repair to cell death. Bioelectrochemistry 2021; 142:107927. [PMID: 34425390 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2021.107927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The combination of Ca2+ ions and electroporation has gained attention as potential alternative to electrochemotherapy. Ca2+ is an important component of the cell membrane repair system and its presence directly influences the dynamics of the pore cycle after electroporation which can be exploited for cancer therapies. Here, the influence of Ca2+ concentration is investigated on small molecule electrotransfer and release of Calcein from 4T1, MX-1, B16F10, U87 cancer cells after cell exposure to microsecond electric pulses. Moreover, we investigated simultaneous molecule electrotransfer and intracellular calcium ion influx when media was supplemented with different Ca2+ concentrations. Results show that increased concentrations of calcium ions reduce the electrotransfer of small molecules to different lines of cancer cells as well as the release of Calcein. These effects are related with an enhanced membrane repair mechanism. Overall, we show that the efficiency of molecular electrotransfer can be controlled by regulating Ca2+ concentration in the electroporation medium. For the first time, the cause of cancer cell death in vitro from 1 mM CaCl2 concentrations is related to the irreversible loss of Ca2+ homeostasis after cell electroporation. Our findings provide fundamental insight on the mechanisms of Ca2+ electroporation that might lead to improved therapeutic outcomes.
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12
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Batista Napotnik T, Polajžer T, Miklavčič D. Cell death due to electroporation - A review. Bioelectrochemistry 2021; 141:107871. [PMID: 34147013 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2021.107871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Revised: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Exposure of cells to high voltage electric pulses increases transiently membrane permeability through membrane electroporation. Electroporation can be reversible and is used in gene transfer and enhanced drug delivery but can also lead to cell death. Electroporation resulting in cell death (termed as irreversible electroporation) has been successfully used as a new non-thermal ablation method of soft tissue such as tumours or arrhythmogenic heart tissue. Even though the mechanisms of cell death can influence the outcome of electroporation-based treatments due to use of different electric pulse parameters and conditions, these are not elucidated yet. We review the mechanisms of cell death after electroporation reported in literature, cell injuries that may lead to cell death after electroporation and membrane repair mechanisms involved. The knowledge of membrane repair and cell death mechanisms after cell exposure to electric pulses, targets of electric field in cells need to be identified to optimize existing and develop of new electroporation-based techniques used in medicine, biotechnology, and food technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tina Batista Napotnik
- University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Tržaška cesta 25, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Tamara Polajžer
- University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Tržaška cesta 25, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Damijan Miklavčič
- University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Tržaška cesta 25, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
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13
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Muratori C, Silkuniene G, Mollica PA, Pakhomov AG, Pakhomova ON. The role of ESCRT-III and Annexin V in the repair of cell membrane permeabilization by the nanosecond pulsed electric field. Bioelectrochemistry 2021; 140:107837. [PMID: 34004548 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2021.107837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Revised: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Exposure of living cells to intense nanosecond pulsed electric field (nsPEF) increases membrane permeability to small solutes, presumably by the formation of nanometer-size membrane lesions. Mechanisms responsible for the restoration of membrane integrity over the course of minutes after nsPEF have not been identified. This study explored if ESCRT-III and Annexin V calcium-dependent repair mechanisms, which play critical role in resealing large membrane lesions, are also activated by electroporation and contribute to the membrane resealing. The extent of membrane damage and the time course of resealing were monitored by the time-lapse imaging of propidium (Pr) uptake in human cervical carcinoma (HeLa) cells exposed to trains of 300-ns PEF. The removal of the extracellular Ca2+ slowed down the resealing, although did not prevent it. Recruitment of CHMP4B protein, a component of ESCRT-III complex, to the electroporated plasma membrane was not observed, thus providing no evidence for possible contribution of the macro-vesicle shedding mechanism. In contrast, silencing the AnxA5 gene impaired resealing and reduced the viability of nsPEF-treated cells. We conclude that Annexin V but not ESCRT-III was involved in the repair of HeLa cells permeabilized by 300-ns stimuli, but it was not the only and perhaps not the main repair mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Muratori
- Frank Reidy Research Center for Bioelectrics, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA 23508, USA
| | - Giedre Silkuniene
- Frank Reidy Research Center for Bioelectrics, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA 23508, USA; Institute for Digestive Research, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, 50161 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Peter A Mollica
- Department of Medical Diagnostics and Translational Sciences, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA, USA
| | - Andrei G Pakhomov
- Frank Reidy Research Center for Bioelectrics, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA 23508, USA
| | - Olga N Pakhomova
- Frank Reidy Research Center for Bioelectrics, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA 23508, USA.
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14
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Tremble LF, Heffron CCBB, Forde PF. The effect of calcium electroporation on viability, phenotype and function of melanoma conditioned macrophages. Sci Rep 2020; 10:20645. [PMID: 33244152 PMCID: PMC7691332 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-77743-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2019] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Electroporation in combination with chemotherapy is an established treatment used on solid malignancies that results in enhanced chemotherapeutic uptake. Recent advances have begun to transition to the use of non-toxic compounds, such as calcium, in lieu of chemotherapy, which can also induce tumour cell death. While the effect of treatment on tumour cell death has been well characterized and has been shown to induce an immunogenic form of cell death, the effect of treatment on intratumoural immune cells has not been investigated. Here we present data showing the effect of calcium electroporation on immune cells, using melanoma-conditioned bone marrow-derived macrophages. Similar to tumour cells, macrophage cell membranes are susceptible to poration following treatment and subsequently reseal. Macrophages are less susceptible to calcium electroporation induced cell death in comparison to B16F10 melanoma cells. However treatment with electroporation with or without bleomycin or calcium was shown to affect macrophage phenotype and function. Coculture of calcium electroporated macrophages revealed that both the capacity of macrophages to stimulate and direct T cell responses are affected following exposure to treatment. We conclude that calcium electroporation has the potential to boost the immunogenic capacity of exposed tumour associated macrophages, and further research is warranted to determine if calcium electroporation can be optimised to generate systemic anti-cancer immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liam Friel Tremble
- CancerResearch@UCC, University College Cork, Fourth floor, Western Gateway Building, Western Road, Cork, Ireland
| | | | - Patrick F Forde
- CancerResearch@UCC, University College Cork, Fourth floor, Western Gateway Building, Western Road, Cork, Ireland.
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15
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Wasson EM, Alinezhadbalalami N, Brock RM, Allen IC, Verbridge SS, Davalos RV. Understanding the role of calcium-mediated cell death in high-frequency irreversible electroporation. Bioelectrochemistry 2020; 131:107369. [PMID: 31706114 PMCID: PMC10039453 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2019.107369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2019] [Revised: 08/29/2019] [Accepted: 08/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
High-frequency irreversible electroporation (H-FIRE) is an emerging electroporation-based therapy used to ablate cancerous tissue. Treatment consists of delivering short, bipolar pulses (1-10μs) in a series of 80-100 bursts (1 burst/s, 100μs on-time). Reducing pulse duration leads to reduced treatment volumes compared to traditional IRE, therefore larger voltages must be applied to generate ablations comparable in size. We show that adjuvant calcium enhances ablation area in vitro for H-FIRE treatments of several pulse durations (1, 2, 5, 10μs). Furthermore, H-FIRE treatment using 10μs pulses delivered with 1mM CaCl2 results in cell death thresholds (771±129V/cm) comparable to IRE thresholds without calcium (698±103V/cm). Quantifying the reversible electroporation threshold revealed that CaCl2 enhances the permeabilization of cells compared to a NaCl control. Gene expression analysis determined that CaCl2 upregulates expression of eIFB5 and 60S ribosomal subunit genes while downregulating NOX1/4, leading to increased signaling in pathways that may cause necroptosis. The opposite was found for control treatment without CaCl2 suggesting cells experience an increase in pro survival signaling. Our study is the first to identify key genes and signaling pathways responsible for differences in cell response to H-FIRE treatment with and without calcium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa M Wasson
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Virginia Tech, Goodwin Hall, 635 Prices Fork Road, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA; Institute for Critical Technology and Applied Sciences Center for Engineered Health, Virginia Tech, Kelly Hall, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA.
| | - Nastaran Alinezhadbalalami
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Mechanics, Virginia Tech- Wake Forest University, 325 Stanger Street, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA; Institute for Critical Technology and Applied Sciences Center for Engineered Health, Virginia Tech, Kelly Hall, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA.
| | - Rebecca M Brock
- Graduate Program in Translational Biology, Medicine, and Health, Virginia Tech, 1 Riverside Circle, Roanoke, VA 24016, United States of America; Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia Tech, 205 Duck Pond Drive, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA.
| | - Irving C Allen
- Graduate Program in Translational Biology, Medicine, and Health, Virginia Tech, 1 Riverside Circle, Roanoke, VA 24016, United States of America; Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia Tech, 205 Duck Pond Drive, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA; Institute for Critical Technology and Applied Sciences Center for Engineered Health, Virginia Tech, Kelly Hall, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA.
| | - Scott S Verbridge
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Mechanics, Virginia Tech- Wake Forest University, 325 Stanger Street, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA; Institute for Critical Technology and Applied Sciences Center for Engineered Health, Virginia Tech, Kelly Hall, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA.
| | - Rafael V Davalos
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Virginia Tech, Goodwin Hall, 635 Prices Fork Road, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering and Mechanics, Virginia Tech- Wake Forest University, 325 Stanger Street, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA; Institute for Critical Technology and Applied Sciences Center for Engineered Health, Virginia Tech, Kelly Hall, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA.
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A Comprehensive Review of Calcium Electroporation -A Novel Cancer Treatment Modality. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12020290. [PMID: 31991784 PMCID: PMC7073222 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12020290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2019] [Revised: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Calcium electroporation is a potential novel anti-cancer treatment where high calcium concentrations are introduced into cells by electroporation, a method where short, high voltage pulses induce transient permeabilisation of the plasma membrane allowing passage of molecules into the cytosol. Calcium is a tightly regulated, ubiquitous second messenger involved in many cellular processes including cell death. Electroporation increases calcium uptake leading to acute and severe ATP depletion associated with cancer cell death. This comprehensive review describes published data about calcium electroporation applied in vitro, in vivo, and clinically from the first publication in 2012. Calcium electroporation has been shown to be a safe and efficient anti-cancer treatment in clinical studies with cutaneous metastases and recurrent head and neck cancer. Normal cells have been shown to be less affected by calcium electroporation than cancer cells and this difference might be partly induced by differences in membrane repair, expression of calcium transporters, and cellular structural changes. Interestingly, both clinical data and preclinical studies have indicated a systemic immune response induced by calcium electroporation. New cancer treatments are needed, and calcium electroporation represents an inexpensive and efficient treatment with few side effects, that could potentially be used worldwide and for different tumor types.
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17
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Galant L, Delverdier M, Lucas MN, Raymond-Letron I, Teissie J, Tamzali Y. Calcium electroporation: The bioelectrochemical treatment of spontaneous equine skin tumors results in a local necrosis. Bioelectrochemistry 2019; 129:251-258. [PMID: 31229863 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2019.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2019] [Revised: 05/31/2019] [Accepted: 05/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Electrochemotherapy (ECT) is an anticancer bioelectrochemical therapy where electrical field pulses (electropermeabilization) increase intracellular concentration of antitumor drugs. The procedure is very effective against skin tumors. The restrictive regulations concerning anticancer drugs in veterinary medicine limit use of ECT. Electroporation with calcium (Electroporation Calcium Therapy)(ECaT) was proved to be effective in vivo on induced tumors in laboratory animals. This study evaluated the effects of ECaT in equine sarcoids (spontaneous skin tumors) on an animal cohort. Pulse parameters for ECaT were choosen for using skin contact electrodes. ECaT was applied under general anesthesia. The tumors were removed at different days after the treatment and analyzed by histology. The study assessed the volume fraction of necrosis that was >50% for 9 of 13 sarcoids. Sixteen sarcoids in 10 horses were treated with ECaT. Macroscopic changes (a crust) were observed in 14/16 tumors. The main microscopic changes were necrosis, ulceration,hemorrhages, calcifications and thrombosis. The adverse effect was an inflammatory local reaction. Surrounding tissues were not affected. This targeted effect can be explained by its control by the field distribution in the tissue and on the interstitial diffusion of the injected Ca2+.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurine Galant
- Equine Clinic, National Veterinary School of Toulouse, France
| | - Maxence Delverdier
- Department of Histopathology, National Veterinary School of Toulouse, France
| | - Marie-Noëlle Lucas
- Department of Histopathology, National Veterinary School of Toulouse, France
| | - Isabelle Raymond-Letron
- Department of Histopathology, National Veterinary School of Toulouse, France; Platform of Experimental and Compared Histopathology, STROMALab, UMR UPS/CNRS 5223, EFS, Inserm U1031, Toulouse, France
| | - Justin Teissie
- Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, UPS, France.
| | - Youssef Tamzali
- Equine Clinic, National Veterinary School of Toulouse, France
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18
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Influence of the electrode material on ROS generation and electroporation efficiency in low and high frequency nanosecond pulse range. Bioelectrochemistry 2019; 127:87-93. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2019.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2018] [Revised: 02/04/2019] [Accepted: 02/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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19
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Hoejholt KL, Mužić T, Jensen SD, Dalgaard LT, Bilgin M, Nylandsted J, Heimburg T, Frandsen SK, Gehl J. Calcium electroporation and electrochemotherapy for cancer treatment: Importance of cell membrane composition investigated by lipidomics, calorimetry and in vitro efficacy. Sci Rep 2019; 9:4758. [PMID: 30894594 PMCID: PMC6427041 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-41188-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2017] [Accepted: 02/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Calcium electroporation is a novel anti-cancer treatment investigated in clinical trials. We explored cell sensitivity to calcium electroporation and electroporation with bleomycin, using viability assays at different time and temperature points, as well as heat calorimetry, lipidomics, and flow cytometry. Three cell lines: HT29 (colon cancer), MDA-MB231 (breast cancer), and HDF-n (normal fibroblasts) were investigated for; (a) cell survival dependent on time of addition of drug relative to electroporation (1.2 kV/cm, 8 pulses, 99 µs, 1 Hz), at different temperatures (37 °C, 27 °C, 17 °C); (b) heat capacity profiles obtained by differential scanning calorimetry without added calcium; (c) lipid composition by mass spectrometry; (d) phosphatidylserine in the plasma membrane outer leaflet using flow cytometry. Temperature as well as time of drug administration affected treatment efficacy in HT29 and HDF-n cells, but not MDA-MB231 cells. Interestingly the HT29 cell line displayed a higher phase transition temperature (approximately 20 °C) versus 14 °C (HDF-n) and 15 °C (MDA-MB231). Furthermore the HT29 cell membranes had a higher ratio of ethers to esters, and a higher expression of phosphatidylserine in the outer leaflet. In conclusion, lipid composition and heat capacity of the membrane might influence permeabilisation of cells and thereby the effect of calcium electroporation and electrochemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- K L Hoejholt
- Center for Experimental Drug and Gene Electrotransfer, Department of Oncology, Copenhagen University Hospital Herlev, Herlev, Denmark
| | - T Mužić
- Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - S D Jensen
- Center for Experimental Drug and Gene Electrotransfer, Department of Oncology, Copenhagen University Hospital Herlev, Herlev, Denmark
| | - L T Dalgaard
- Department of Science and Environment, Roskilde University, Roskilde, Denmark
| | - M Bilgin
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center (DCRC), Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - J Nylandsted
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center (DCRC), Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - T Heimburg
- Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - S K Frandsen
- Center for Experimental Drug and Gene Electrotransfer, Department of Oncology, Copenhagen University Hospital Herlev, Herlev, Denmark.
- Center for Experimental Drug and Gene Electrotransfer, Department of Clinical Oncology and Palliative Care, Zealand University Hospital, Roskilde, Denmark.
| | - J Gehl
- Center for Experimental Drug and Gene Electrotransfer, Department of Oncology, Copenhagen University Hospital Herlev, Herlev, Denmark.
- Center for Experimental Drug and Gene Electrotransfer, Department of Clinical Oncology and Palliative Care, Zealand University Hospital, Roskilde, Denmark.
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
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20
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Kotnik T, Rems L, Tarek M, Miklavčič D. Membrane Electroporation and Electropermeabilization: Mechanisms and Models. Annu Rev Biophys 2019; 48:63-91. [PMID: 30786231 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-biophys-052118-115451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 314] [Impact Index Per Article: 62.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Exposure of biological cells to high-voltage, short-duration electric pulses causes a transient increase in their plasma membrane permeability, allowing transmembrane transport of otherwise impermeant molecules. In recent years, large steps were made in the understanding of underlying events. Formation of aqueous pores in the lipid bilayer is now a widely recognized mechanism, but evidence is growing that changes to individual membrane lipids and proteins also contribute, substantiating the need for terminological distinction between electroporation and electropermeabilization. We first revisit experimental evidence for electrically induced membrane permeability, its correlation with transmembrane voltage, and continuum models of electropermeabilization that disregard the molecular-level structure and events. We then present insights from molecular-level modeling, particularly atomistic simulations that enhance understanding of pore formation, and evidence of chemical modifications of membrane lipids and functional modulation of membrane proteins affecting membrane permeability. Finally, we discuss the remaining challenges to our full understanding of electroporation and electropermeabilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tadej Kotnik
- Faculty of Electrical Engineering, University of Ljubljana, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; ,
| | - Lea Rems
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Applied Physics, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 17165 Solna, Sweden;
| | - Mounir Tarek
- Université de Lorraine, CNRS, LPCT, F-54000 Nancy, France;
| | - Damijan Miklavčič
- Faculty of Electrical Engineering, University of Ljubljana, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; ,
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21
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Uzieliene I, Bernotas P, Mobasheri A, Bernotiene E. The Role of Physical Stimuli on Calcium Channels in Chondrogenic Differentiation of Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19102998. [PMID: 30275359 PMCID: PMC6212952 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19102998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2018] [Revised: 09/04/2018] [Accepted: 09/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSC) are becoming increasingly popular in tissue engineering. They are the most frequently used stem cell source for clinical applications due to their high potential to differentiate into several lineages. Cartilage is known for its low capacity for self-maintenance and currently there are no efficient methods to improve cartilage repair. Chondrogenic differentiation of hMSC isolated from different tissues is widely employed due to a high clinical demand for the improvement of cartilage regeneration. Calcium channels that are regulated by physical stimuli seem to play a pivotal role in chondrogenic differentiation of MSCs. These channels increase intracellular calcium concentration, which leads to the initiation of the relevant cellular processes that are required for differentiation. This review will focus on the impact of different physical stimuli, including electrical, electromagnetic/magnetic and mechanical on various calcium channels and calcium signaling mechanisms during chondrogenic differentiation of hMSC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilona Uzieliene
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine, LT-08406 Vilnius, Lithuania.
| | - Paulius Bernotas
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine, LT-08406 Vilnius, Lithuania.
| | - Ali Mobasheri
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine, LT-08406 Vilnius, Lithuania.
- Department of Veterinary Pre-Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7AL, UK.
- Arthritis Research UK Centre for Sport, Exercise and Osteoarthritis, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham NG7 2UH, UK.
| | - Eiva Bernotiene
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine, LT-08406 Vilnius, Lithuania.
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