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Ro SS, Saini A, Morrow G, Ketchum D, Kreeger J, Michelfelder E. Utility of serial fetal echocardiograms in detecting in-utero changes for single-ventricle lesions: an 11-year experience. ULTRASOUND IN OBSTETRICS & GYNECOLOGY : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY OF ULTRASOUND IN OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY 2025; 65:575-580. [PMID: 40150909 DOI: 10.1002/uog.29206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2024] [Revised: 12/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2025] [Indexed: 03/29/2025]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Current guidelines in fetal echocardiography recommend serial evaluation every 4 weeks for single-ventricle lesions. However, there are limited data on the type and frequency of in-utero cardiac changes seen on fetal echocardiograms (FEs) based on the type of single-ventricle lesion. We aimed to evaluate the utility of serial FEs in detecting cardiac changes during gestation and how these changes impact postnatal management. METHODS We performed a retrospective review of all FEs for fetuses diagnosed with a single-ventricle lesion at the Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, between January 2012 and January 2023. All patients included in the study had two or more FEs and were evaluated for in-utero cardiac changes based on eight cardiac categories: atrioventricular (AV) valve regurgitation; systemic ventricular dysfunction; ductus arteriosus flow; atrial-level restriction; umbilical artery Doppler pattern; umbilical vein Doppler pattern; evidence of hydrops; and evidence of arrhythmias. All in-utero cardiac changes were classified into three categories: improving, worsening or critical. Any changes noted on serial FEs that altered the fetal cardiac diagnosis were also recorded. Fisher's exact test was used to determine whether the proportion of fetuses with in-utero cardiac changes differed significantly between different segmental findings and single-ventricle lesion subtype. RESULTS A total of 721 FEs were performed for 248 patients over the 11-year study period. The majority of fetuses had hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS) (63.7%) and most changes were seen in the third trimester (median gestational age, 29.3 (range, 17.4-38.4) weeks). In-utero cardiac changes observed on serial FEs were reported in 38 (15.3%) fetuses, with a total of 42 changes noted throughout the study period. However, only eight (3.2%) fetuses had a critical change that impacted perinatal management. All eight fetuses had HLHS, of which the majority developed hydrops (4/8) or atrial-level restriction (3/8). In addition, there were 34 non-critical changes seen in 30 (12.1%) fetuses, largely in the form of intermittent premature atrial contractions, AV valve regurgitation or ventricular dysfunction. There were 12 (2.5%) follow-up FEs that resulted in a change to the fetal cardiac diagnosis, confirmed by postnatal echocardiography. CONCLUSION In fetuses with single-ventricle lesions, there was a low rate of in-utero cardiac changes that led to alterations in perinatal management. However, fetuses with HLHS were most likely to develop critical changes affecting delivery-room management, often in the form of atrial-level restriction and/or evolving hydrops. It is important to consider these factors when considering the timing of visits for families who face a prenatal diagnosis of a single-ventricle lesion. © 2025 International Society of Ultrasound in Obstetrics and Gynecology.
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Affiliation(s)
- S S Ro
- Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - A Saini
- Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - G Morrow
- Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - D Ketchum
- Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - J Kreeger
- Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, GA, USA
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Foy AJ, Soslow JH, Kavanaugh-McHugh AL, Killen SAS. Mitral Valve Abnormalities Associated with Single-Ventricle Palliation, Cardiac Death or Transplant in Fetuses with Postnatally Confirmed Coarctation of the Aorta. Pediatr Cardiol 2025; 46:98-106. [PMID: 37964108 DOI: 10.1007/s00246-023-03335-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023]
Abstract
Predicting if a fetus with borderline left heart structures and coarctation of the aorta (CoA) will require single ventricle palliation (SVP) is challenging, partly due to the limitations of fetal echocardiography in defining valvar abnormalities. Fetal echocardiographic findings predictive of SVP, particularly in relation to the mitral valve (MV), are not well defined. We performed a retrospective review of fetuses with postnatally confirmed CoA from 2010 to 2020. Fetuses with complex congenital heart disease or unequivocal hypoplastic left heart syndrome were excluded. Data were compared between those who underwent biventricular repair (BVR) versus SVP, cardiac death or orthotopic heart transplant (OHT) to determine differences in fetal echocardiograms. Of 67 fetuses with 131 total echocardiograms, 62 (93%) underwent BVR and 5 (7%) experienced SVP, cardiac death or OHT. Fetuses with confirmed CoA who experienced SVP, cardiac death, or OHT, had fetal MV z-scores that were 2.03 lower, on average, than those who underwent BVR (z-score = - 3.98 vs. - 1.94, 95% CI - 2.93, - 1.13). The incidences of MV anomalies and left to right flow across the foramen ovale were higher in the SVP, cardiac death and OHT group. SVP, cardiac death or OHT in fetuses with confirmed CoA were associated with severe fetal MV hypoplasia, MV anomalies and left to right flow across the foramen ovale. These findings may help guide prenatal counseling about the likelihood of SVP, cardiac death or OHT in fetuses with CoA and borderline left heart structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex J Foy
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, Monroe Carell Jr. Children's Hospital, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.
| | - Jonathan H Soslow
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, Monroe Carell Jr. Children's Hospital, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Ann L Kavanaugh-McHugh
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, Monroe Carell Jr. Children's Hospital, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Stacy A S Killen
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, Monroe Carell Jr. Children's Hospital, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
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Harris KW, Schweiberger K, Kavanaugh-McHugh A, Arnold RM, Merlin J, Chang JC, Kasparian NA. An Observational Study of Dialogue about Uncertainty in Clinician-Family Counseling Conversations Following Prenatal Diagnosis of Complex Congenital Heart Disease. PEC INNOVATION 2024; 4:100265. [PMID: 38404930 PMCID: PMC10883822 DOI: 10.1016/j.pecinn.2024.100265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Objective Families who receive a prenatal diagnosis of complex congenital heart disease (cCHD) often experience severe psychological distress and identify uncertainty as a key source of that distress. This study examined clinician-family conversations during initial fetal cardiology consultations to identify the topics of uncertainty discussed. Methods In this observational, qualitative study, initial fetal cardiology consultations were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim, and coded by two independent coders. A codebook was inductively and deductively developed and applied. This content analysis focused on uncertainty-related codes and associated themes. Results During 19 consultations including five clinicians, 13 different cardiac diagnoses were discussed (seven with high mortality risk). Median consultation length was 37 min (IQR: 26-51), with only 11% of words spoken by families. On average, 51% of total words spoken focused on uncertainty in relation to cardiac diagnosis, etiology, comorbidities, prognosis, childbirth, therapeutics, and logistics. Family-initiated discussion on uncertainty largely focused on childbirth and pregnancy and postpartum logistics. Conclusions Half of dialogue within initial fetal cardiology encounters discussed uncertainty surrounding prenatally diagnosed cCHD. Parent and clinician perspectives should be gathered on the essential content and optimal delivery of uncertainty-related topics. Innovation This study is conceptually and methodologically innovative as one of the first to examine audio-recorded dialogue between fetal cardiology clinicians and families.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly W. Harris
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Kelsey Schweiberger
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Ann Kavanaugh-McHugh
- Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Robert M. Arnold
- Department of General Internal Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Jessica Merlin
- Department of General Internal Medicine, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Judy C. Chang
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Nadine A. Kasparian
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
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4
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Schneider K, Müller J, Tissen-Diabaté T, Schleußner E. [Ethical Attitudes and Handling in Prenatal Conflict Situations - A Survey among Obstetricians and Prenatal Diagnosticians in Germany]. Z Geburtshilfe Neonatol 2024; 228:419-426. [PMID: 38253330 DOI: 10.1055/a-2217-9635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Various studies have shown that belonging to a professional group has an influence on ethical attitudes. The aim of this study was to assess and compare the attitudes and approaches of obstetrical specialists and prenatal diagnosticians in prenatal conflict situations. METHODS Explorative cross-sectional online survey among tertiary perinatal care centers and prenatal diagnosticians with DEGUM Level II/III in Germany. The questionnaire included questions on ethical attitudes in the perinatal context and a case presentation of a fetal hypoplastic left heart syndrome. RESULTS The response rate was 57.1% (310/543). 55.5% of the respondents practiced both obstetrics and prenatal diagnostics, 24.5% exclusively prenatal diagnostics, and 14.2% purely obstetrics. 27% agreed with the statement "An uncertain prognosis justifies pregnancy termination". For complex fetal malformations joint interdisciplinary counseling was advocated by 98.3%. Addressing the option of postnatal palliative treatment in a case of a hypoplastic left heart syndrome was accepted by 84.3% across all professional groups, while mentioning fetocide was more frequently cited as an option by prenatal diagnosticians than by obstetricians (57.7% vs. 34.1%). CONCLUSION Interdisciplinary prenatal parental counseling in complex fetal malformations is uniformly advocated by prenatal diagnosticians and obstetricians in Germany. However, different ethical attitudes appear among specialists groups with regard to the option of termination of pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katja Schneider
- Klinik für Neonatologie, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Johanna Müller
- Klinik für Geburtsmedizin, Universitätsklinikum Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Tatjana Tissen-Diabaté
- Institut für Sozialmedizin, Epidemiologie und Gesundheitsökonomie, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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Martens AM, Lim CC, Kelly M, Haxel CS, Ronai C, Chiu JS. Evaluating How Physician Attitudes May Affect Practice in Fetal Cardiac Counseling. Pediatr Cardiol 2024; 45:1550-1558. [PMID: 37335356 DOI: 10.1007/s00246-023-03210-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
Advances in fetal cardiac imaging over the last few decades have allowed for increased prenatal detection and detailed counseling of congenital heart disease (CHD). When CHD is detected, fetal cardiologists are faced with the challenge of providing nuanced prenatal counseling. Studies in other specialties have shown that differences in physician attitudes exist around termination of pregnancy and correlate with variations in the counseling provided to parents. We conducted an anonymous cross-sectional survey of fetal cardiologists in New England (n = 36) regarding attitudes toward termination of pregnancy and the counseling provided to parents with a fetal diagnosis of hypoplastic left heart syndrome. Using a screening questionnaire, there was no significant difference in the counseling provided to parents regardless of the physician's personal or professional views on termination of pregnancy, age, gender, location, type of practice, or years of experience. There were, however, differences among physicians on reasons to consider termination and their perceived professional responsibility to the fetus or mother. Further investigation on a larger geographic scale may reveal additional insights on variations in physician beliefs and whether such beliefs affect variability in counseling practices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna M Martens
- Pediatrics, Massachusetts General for Children, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Chelsey C Lim
- Pediatrics, Massachusetts General for Children, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Michael Kelly
- Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Massachusetts General for Children, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Caitlin S Haxel
- Pediatric Cardiology, The University of Vermont Children's Hospital, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Christina Ronai
- Pediatric Cardiology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Joanne S Chiu
- Pediatric Cardiology, Massachusetts General Hospital for Children, Boston, MA, USA.
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Samples S, Gandhi R, Woo J, Patel A. Ethical Considerations in Fetal Cardiology. J Cardiovasc Dev Dis 2024; 11:172. [PMID: 38921672 PMCID: PMC11204861 DOI: 10.3390/jcdd11060172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Revised: 05/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Fetal cardiology has evolved over the last 40 years and changed the timing of diagnosis and counseling of congenital heart disease, decision-making, planning for treatment at birth, and predicting future surgery from the postnatal to the prenatal period. Ethical issues in fetal cardiology transect multiple aspects of biomedical ethics including improvement in prenatal detection and diagnostic capabilities, access to equitable comprehensive care that preserves a pregnant person's right to make decisions, access to all reproductive options, informed consent, complexity in shared decision-making, and appropriate use of fetal cardiac interventions. This paper first reviews the literature and then provides an ethical analysis of accurate and timely diagnosis, equitable delivery of care, prenatal counseling and shared decision-making, and innovation through in utero intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefani Samples
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Rupali Gandhi
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Advocate Christ Children’s Hospital, Oak Lawn, IL 60453, USA
- Section of Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, Comer Children’s Hospital, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
| | - Joyce Woo
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Angira Patel
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
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Almeida SLDM, Tuda LTS, Dias MB, de Carvalho LIA, Estevam TLL, Novelleto ALMT, Araujo Júnior E, da Rocha Amorim LA. Family Counseling after the Diagnosis of Congenital Heart Disease in the Fetus: Scoping Review. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:2826. [PMID: 37957971 PMCID: PMC10647570 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11212826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2023] [Revised: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Congenital heart disease (CHD) is the leading cause of death from malformations in the first year of life and carries a significant burden to the family when the diagnosis is made in the prenatal period. We recognize the significance of family counseling following a fetal CHD diagnosis. However, we have observed that most research focuses on assessing the emotional state of family members rather than examining the counseling process itself. The objective of this study was to identify and summarize the findings in the literature on family counseling in cases of diagnosis of CHD during pregnancy, demonstrating gaps and suggesting future research on this topic. Eight databases were searched to review the literature on family counseling in cases of CHD diagnosis during pregnancy. A systematic search was conducted from September to October 2022. The descriptors were "congenital heart disease", "fetal heart", and "family counseling". The inclusion criteria were studies on counseling family members who received a diagnosis of CHD in the fetus (family counseling was defined as any health professional who advises mothers and fathers on the diagnosis of CHD during the gestational period), how the news is expressed to family members (including an explanation of CHD and questions about management and prognosis), empirical and qualitative studies, quantitative studies, no publication deadline, and any language. Out of the initial search of 3719 reports, 21 articles were included. Most were cross-sectional (11) and qualitative (9) studies, and all were from developed countries. The findings in the literature address the difficulties in effectively conducting family counseling, the strengths of family counseling to be effective, opportunities to generate effective counseling, and the main challenges in family counseling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophia Livas de Morais Almeida
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Medical School, Federal University of Amazonas (UFAM), Manaus 69067-005, AM, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Thayla Lais Lima Estevam
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Medical School, Federal University of Amazonas (UFAM), Manaus 69067-005, AM, Brazil
| | | | - Edward Araujo Júnior
- Department of Obstetrics, Paulista School of Medicine, Federal University of São Paulo (EPM-UNIFESP), São Paulo 04023-062, SP, Brazil
- Medical School, Municipal University of São Caetano do Sul (USCS), São Caetano do Sul 09521-160, SP, Brazil
| | - Luciane Alves da Rocha Amorim
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Medical School, Federal University of Amazonas (UFAM), Manaus 69067-005, AM, Brazil
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Paul EA, Cohen J, Geiger MK. Cardiac problems in the fetus: a review for pediatric providers. Curr Opin Pediatr 2023; 35:523-530. [PMID: 37466056 DOI: 10.1097/mop.0000000000001274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The aim of this study was to provide pediatric providers with a review of the diagnosis and management of fetal cardiac disease in the current era. RECENT FINDINGS Prenatal detection of congenital heart disease (CHD) has improved but is still imperfect. In experienced hands, fetal echocardiography can detect severe CHD as early as the first trimester and a majority of more subtle conditions in the second and third trimesters. Beyond detection, a prenatal diagnosis allows for lesion-specific counseling for families as well as for development of a multidisciplinary perinatal management plan, which may involve in-utero treatment. Given the diversity of cardiac diagnoses and the rarity of some, collaborative multicenter fetal cardiac research has gained momentum in recent years. SUMMARY Accurate diagnosis of fetal cardiac disease allows for appropriate counseling, pregnancy and delivery planning, and optimization of immediate neonatal care. There is potential for improving fetal CHD detection rates. Fetal interventions are available for certain conditions, and fetal and pediatric cardiac centers have developed management plans specific to the expected postnatal physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin A Paul
- Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Mount Sinai Kravis Children's Hospital, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
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Foy AJ, Soslow JH, Kavanaugh-McHugh AL, Killen SAS. Mitral valve abnormalities associated with single-ventricle palliation, cardiac death or transplant in fetuses with postnatally confirmed coarctation of the aorta. RESEARCH SQUARE 2023:rs.3.rs-3272954. [PMID: 37674731 PMCID: PMC10479398 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3272954/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Predicting if a fetus with borderline left heart structures and coarctation of the aorta (CoA) will require single ventricle palliation (SVP) is challenging, partly due to the limitations of fetal echocardiography in defining valvar abnormalities. Fetal echocardiographic findings predictive of SVP, particularly in relation to the mitral valve (MV), are not well defined. Methods We performed a retrospective review of fetuses with postnatally confirmed CoA from 2010 to 2020. Fetuses with complex congenital heart disease or unequivocal hypoplastic left heart syndrome were excluded. Data were compared between those who underwent biventricular repair (BVR) vs. SVP cardiac death or orthotopic heart transplant (OHT) to determine differences in fetal echocardiograms. Results Of 67 fetuses with 131 total echocardiograms, 62 (93%) underwent BVR and 5 (7%) experienced SVP, cardiac death or OHT. Fetuses with confirmed CoA who experienced SVP cardiac death, or OHT, had fetal MV z-scores that were 2.06 lower, on average, than those who underwent BVR (z-score = -3.98 vs. -1.92, 95% CI: -2.96, -1.16). The incidences of MV anomalies and left to right flow across the foramen ovale were higher in the SVP cardiac death and OHT group. Conclusion SVP, cardiac death or OHT in fetuses with confirmed CoA were associated with fetal MV hypoplasia, MV anomalies and left to right flow across the foramen ovale. These findings may help guide prenatal counseling about the likelihood of SVP, cardiac death or OHT in fetuses with CoA and borderline left heart structures.
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Barnes-Davis ME, Cortezzo DE. The patient/physician relationship in a post-Roe world: a neonatologist viewpoint. J Perinatol 2023; 43:968-972. [PMID: 36528653 PMCID: PMC10325948 DOI: 10.1038/s41372-022-01583-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The Supreme Court ruling in Dobbs v. Jackson Women's Health Organization has far-reaching implications that go beyond the practice of obstetrics and gynecology. The ruling and subsequent laws and bills impact many specialties and have implications for healthcare as a whole. The rapidly changing medicolegal landscape has significant bearings on and implications for the fields of neonatology and pediatrics. These rulings have an impact on the patient-physician relationship and a shared decision-making approach to care. Furthermore, there are significant sequelae of forced birth and resuscitation. This review provides a clinically relevant update of the current medicolegal landscape and applications to the practice of neonatology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria E Barnes-Davis
- Division of Neonatal and Pulmonary Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
- Pediatric Neuroimaging Research Consortium, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, USA, OH.
| | - DonnaMaria E Cortezzo
- Division of Neonatal and Pulmonary Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
- Division of Pain and Palliative Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA
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11
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Butler M, McArthur EC. The Role of Nurses in Fetal Cardiology Programs: An Integrative Review. MCN Am J Matern Child Nurs 2023; 48:151-160. [PMID: 37101328 DOI: 10.1097/nmc.0000000000000910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fetal cardiology programs are evolving quickly and include multiple interdisciplinary health care professionals whose roles could benefit from clear definition. Nurses provide an essential function in this field; however, descriptions or definitions of nursing practice, education and knowledge requirements, and responsibilities are limited and vary across institutions and disciplines. PURPOSE To conduct an integrative review summarizing the literature to determine the role of nurses in fetal cardiology programs. METHODS We conducted an integrative review as per Whittemore and Knafl's (2005) methodology of current literature to reveal strengths and opportunities in describing nursing practice as fetal cardiology nurses. The search strategy included five electronic databases: CINAHL, Medline, PsycINFO, Web of Science, and Google Scholar. Peer-reviewed English-language articles discussing nursing practices in fetal cardiology published between 2015 and 2022 were selected. Data extraction and analysis were completed on a final sample of 26 articles. RESULTS Four themes were identified on fetal cardiac nursing practice from nursing and medical perspectives: multidisciplinary key team member, psychosocial family support and counselor, coordinator or navigator, and role description. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS More discussion in the literature is needed to better understand and define fetal cardiac nursing practice. Although most experts agree nurses are an important member of the interdisciplinary fetal cardiology team, their roles and educational requirements are poorly described and defined. Quality metrics and benchmarks are needed to ensure safe and effective fetal cardiology care.
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12
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Miller MK, Blume ED, Samsel C, Elia E, Brown DW, Morell E. Parent-Provider Communication in Hospitalized Children with Advanced Heart Disease. Pediatr Cardiol 2022; 43:1761-1769. [PMID: 35538320 DOI: 10.1007/s00246-022-02913-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Communication between parents and providers of children with cardiac disease is essential to parental decision-making. This study explored how parents of hospitalized children with advanced heart disease perceived communication with their child's providers. We performed a prospective survey study of parents and physicians of children with advanced heart disease age 30 days to 19 years admitted to the hospital for > 7 days over a 1-year period at a single institution (n = 160 parent-provider pairs). Descriptive statistics were primarily used and Fisher exact tests and kappa statistics were used to assess agreement. All parents rated communication with their child's care team as excellent, very good, or good, but 56% of parents reported having received conflicting information. Parental perception of "too many" people giving them information was associated with overall poorer communication and less preparedness for decision-making. One-third (32%) of parents felt unprepared for decision-making, despite 88% feeling supported. Parents and physicians showed poor agreement with respect to overall adequacy of communication, receipt of conflicting information, and evaluation of the most effective way for parents to receive information. Interventions involving physician communication training and proactive assessment of parent communication preferences may be beneficial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary Katherine Miller
- Department of Cardiology, Boston Children's Hospital, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Elizabeth D Blume
- Department of Cardiology, Boston Children's Hospital, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.
| | - Chase Samsel
- Department of Psychiatry, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Eleni Elia
- Department of Cardiology, Boston Children's Hospital, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - David W Brown
- Department of Cardiology, Boston Children's Hospital, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Emily Morell
- Department of Pediatrics, UCSF Benioff Children's Hospital, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
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Current State of Fetal Heart Disease Counseling and Training: Room for Improvement? : Endorsed by the Fetal Heart Society. Pediatr Cardiol 2022; 43:1548-1558. [PMID: 35380215 DOI: 10.1007/s00246-022-02882-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
We sought to describe the fellowship experiences and current practice habits of pediatric cardiologists who counsel patients with fetal heart disease (FHD) and to identify fellowship experiences related to FHD counseling perceived as valuable by respondents as well as opportunities for improvement. A cross-sectional survey of attending pediatric cardiologists who care for patients with FHD was performed. The respondents' demographics, fellowship experiences related to FHD counseling, reflections on fellowship training, and current practice habits were collected. The Fetal Heart Society endorsed this survey. There were 164 survey responses. 56% of respondents did not have 4th-year subspecialty training in fetal cardiology. Observing and performing FHD counseling were the most commonly used methods of training, with the highest perceived effectiveness. The number of counseling sessions observed and performed correlated moderately with confidence in FHD counseling skills at fellowship graduation. Extracardiac pathology and neurodevelopment were the least frequently addressed topics in fellowship training and in current practice. Fewer than 50% of respondents received formal education and feedback in counseling techniques during fellowship training. A significant proportion of practicing pediatric cardiologists provide FHD counseling with only standard categorical training. This highlights the potential importance of expanding FHD counseling education into categorical fellowship curricula. We suggest increasing opportunities for fellows to perform FHD counseling and receive feedback as this is a valued and beneficial experience during training. A formalized curriculum including extracardiac pathology and neurodevelopment and the use of evidence-based workshops in counseling techniques may address identified gaps in fellowship education.
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Tacy TA, Kasparian NA, Karnik R, Geiger M, Sood E. Opportunities to enhance parental well-being during prenatal counseling for congenital heart disease. Semin Perinatol 2022; 46:151587. [PMID: 35461701 DOI: 10.1016/j.semperi.2022.151587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Prenatal diagnosis of congenital heart disease (CHD) can be a life-altering and traumatic event for expectant parents. Parental anxiety, depression, and traumatic stress are common following a prenatal cardiac diagnosis and if untreated, symptoms often persist long-term. During prenatal counseling, parents must try to manage psychological distress, navigate uncertainty, process complex medical information, and make high-stakes medical decisions for their unborn child and their family. Physicians must deliver the diagnosis, describe the expected perinatal management plan, discuss short and long-term prognoses and introduce elements of uncertainty that may exist for the particular diagnosis. Physican training in these important skills is highly variable and many in our field acknowledge the need for improved guidance on best practices for counseling and supporting parents during pregnancy and early parenthood after prenatal diagnosis, while also sustaining physicians' own emotional well-being. We describe these challenges and the opportunities that exist to improve the current state of prenatal counseling in CHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Theresa A Tacy
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Lucile Packard Children's Hospital, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA.
| | - Nadine A Kasparian
- Center for Heart Disease and Mental Health, Heart Institute and Division of Behavioral Medicine and Clinical Psychology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital and University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OU, USA
| | - Ruchika Karnik
- Department of Pediatrics, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Miwa Geiger
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Cardiology, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Erica Sood
- Nemours Cardiac Center, Alfred I. duPont Hospital for Children, Wilmington, Delaware; Department of Pediatrics, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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15
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Identifying gaps in parental support for families of children with hypoplastic left heart syndrome. Cardiol Young 2022; 32:215-222. [PMID: 33966677 DOI: 10.1017/s1047951121001736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this study is to identify gaps in support for parents of children with Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome. DESIGN AND METHODS Using a mixed-methods approach, the researchers first studied the parental and care team experience through interviews of Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome mothers and members of the inter-professional care team and then conducted an international survey of 690 Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome primary caregivers to validate the qualitative findings. RESULTS Parental and care team interviews revealed three main gaps in parental support, including lack of open communication, unrealistic parental expectations, and unclear inter-professional team roles. Survey results found that parents whose children were diagnosed with Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome after birth indicated significant dissatisfaction with the care team's open communication and welcoming of feedback (p = 0.008). As parents progress through the stages of surgical intervention, they also indicate significant dissatisfaction with the care team's anticipation of parental emotional needs and provision of coping resources (p = 0.003). CONCLUSIONS Parental support interventions should focus on providing resources to help parents cope, helping the care team model open communication, and welcoming feedback on the parental experience. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS Interventions should be piloted with parents who are in the later stages of the surgical intervention timeline or whose children were diagnosed after birth as they are the populations who perceived the least support within this study.
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16
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Colquitt JL, Loar RW, Bolin EH, Ezon DS, Heinle JS, Morris SA. Left heart hypoplasia in the fetus: echocardiographic predictors of outcome. Prenat Diagn 2022; 42:447-460. [PMID: 35040508 DOI: 10.1002/pd.6101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Fetal left heart hypoplasia (LHH) with an apex-forming left ventricle may require neonatal intervention but it is difficult to predict. METHODS We performed a retrospective study of fetuses with LHH defined as normal segmental anatomy, apex-/near-apex forming left ventricle, and ≥1 left-sided Z-score <-2 between 1997-2014. Fetuses with mitral or aortic atresia, critical aortic stenosis, extracardiac anomalies, or fetal intervention were excluded. Classification and regression tree analyses (CART) were performed to construct algorithms to predict postnatal circulation: no surgery versus biventricular surgery versus single ventricle (SV) palliation. RESULTS Among 138 included fetuses, 52 (37%) underwent neonatal surgery, with 10 (7%) undergoing SV palliation. The strongest single outcome discriminator was exclusively left-to-right flow foramen ovale (FO) flow >32 weeks gestational age (seen in 0% with no surgery, 22% with biventricular surgery, 88% with SV palliation). On CART analysis >32 weeks GA, fetuses with right-to-left FO flow and aortopulmonary ratio >0.76 had 0% probability of neonatal surgery, while those with left-to-right FO flow and mitral valve Z-score <-3.6 had a 70% probability of SV palliation. CONCLUSION SV palliation is an uncommon outcome of fetal LHH. Fetal FO flow and other echocardiographic measures can help determine risk and type of postnatal intervention. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- John L Colquitt
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Cardiology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT
| | - Robert W Loar
- Pediatric Cardiology, Cook Children's Medical Center, Fort Worth, TX
| | - Elijah H Bolin
- Department of Pediatrics, Section of Pediatric Cardiology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences and Arkansas Children's Research Institute, Little Rock, Arkansas
| | - David S Ezon
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Department of Pediatric Cardiology, Children's Heart Center, Mt. Sinai Hospital, New York, NY
| | - Jeffrey S Heinle
- Department of Surgery, Division of Congenital Heart Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX
| | - Shaine A Morris
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX
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17
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Kovacevic A, Elsässer M, Fluhr H, Müller A, Starystach S, Bär S, Gorenflo M. Counseling for fetal heart disease-current standards and best practice. Transl Pediatr 2021; 10:2225-2234. [PMID: 34584893 PMCID: PMC8429860 DOI: 10.21037/tp-20-181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Congenital heart disease (CHD) is the most common cause of major congenital anomalies affecting newborns. Prenatal detection of CHD has been improving continuously during the last two decades due to technical advances and thus optimized fetal cardiac imaging. Besides the in-utero diagnosis of CHD effective parental counseling is an integral part of any Fetal Cardiology Program. However, studies on the most effective techniques are scarce, as well as data on empirical assessment of counseling and its effectiveness. In this review article, we summarize current guidelines from different international associations and societies. We provide an updated literature overview evaluating current standards of counseling with regard to parental needs. This includes ethical aspects, counseling for univentricular disease and in-utero cardiac interventions. We discuss our method to assess counseling success for fetal heart defects by exploring different analytical dimensions that may be considered helpful in order to improve efficacy. Finally, we present a proposal of how to optimize a setting for counseling based on the current literature and our own data. In summary, parental counseling for fetal heart disease is complex and multidimensional. Significant expertise in fetal cardiology and physiology, potential progression of CHD, postnatal treatment strategies and knowledge of long-term sequelae is necessary. A structured approach, together with continuous improvement of communicative skills, may lead to more effective counseling for parents following a diagnosis of CHD in the fetus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Kovacevic
- Department of Pediatric and Congenital Cardiology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Michael Elsässer
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Herbert Fluhr
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Andreas Müller
- Department of Pediatric and Congenital Cardiology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sebastian Starystach
- Max Weber Institute for Sociology, Ruprecht Karls University Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Stefan Bär
- Max Weber Institute for Sociology, Ruprecht Karls University Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Matthias Gorenflo
- Department of Pediatric and Congenital Cardiology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
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18
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Morell E, Miller MK, Lu M, Friedman KG, Breitbart RE, Reichman JR, McDermott J, Sleeper LA, Blume ED. Parent and Physician Understanding of Prognosis in Hospitalized Children With Advanced Heart Disease. J Am Heart Assoc 2021; 10:e018488. [PMID: 33442989 PMCID: PMC7955315 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.120.018488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Background The unpredictable trajectory of pediatric advanced heart disease makes prognostication difficult for physicians and informed decision‐making challenging for families. This study evaluated parent and physician understanding of disease burden and prognosis in hospitalized children with advanced heart disease. Methods and Results A longitudinal survey study of parents and physicians caring for patients with advanced heart disease age 30 days to 19 years admitted for ≥7 days was performed over a 1‐year period (n=160 pairs). Percentage agreement and weighted kappa statistics were used to assess agreement. Median patient age was 1 year (interquartile range, 1–5), 39% had single‐ventricle lesions, and 37% were in the cardiac intensive care unit. Although 92% of parents reported understanding their child's prognosis “extremely well” or “well,” 28% of physicians thought parents understood the prognosis only “a little,” “somewhat,” or “not at all.” Better parent‐reported prognostic understanding was associated with greater preparedness for their child's medical problems (odds ratio, 4.7; 95% CI, 1.4–21.7, P=0.02). There was poor parent–physician agreement in assessing functional class, symptom burden, and likelihood of limitations in physical activity and learning/behavior; on average, parents were more optimistic. Many parents (47%) but few physicians (6%) expected the child to have normal life expectancy. Conclusions Parents and physicians caring for children with advanced heart disease differed in their perspectives regarding prognosis and disease burden. Physicians tended to underestimate the degree of parent‐reported symptom burden. Parents were less likely to expect limitations in physical activity, learning/behavior, and life expectancy. Combined interventions involving patient‐reported outcomes, parent education, and physician communication tools may be beneficial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Morell
- Division of Cardiology Department of Pediatrics Children's Hospital Los Angeles Los Angeles CA
| | | | - Minmin Lu
- Department of Cardiology Boston Children's Hospital Boston MA
| | | | | | | | - Julie McDermott
- Department of Cardiology Boston Children's Hospital Boston MA
| | - Lynn A Sleeper
- Department of Cardiology Boston Children's Hospital Boston MA
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19
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Objective Assessment of Counselling for Fetal Heart Defects: An Interdisciplinary Multicenter Study. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9020467. [PMID: 32046298 PMCID: PMC7073987 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9020467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2019] [Revised: 02/04/2020] [Accepted: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to analyze parental counselling for fetal heart disease in an interdisciplinary and multicenter setting using a validated questionnaire covering medical, sociodemographic, and psychological aspects. n = 168 individuals were recruited from two pediatric heart centers and two obstetrics units. Overall, counselling was combined successful and satisfying in >99%; only 0.7% of parents were dissatisfied. “Perceived situational control” was impaired in 22.6%. Adequate duration of counselling leads to more overall counselling success (r = 0.368 ***), as well as providing written or online information (57.7% vs. 41.5%), which is also correlated to more “Transfer of Medical Knowledge” (r = 0.261 ***). Interruptions of consultation are negatively correlated to overall counselling success (r = −0.247 **) and to “Transparency regarding the Treatment Process” (r = −0.227 **). Lacking a separate counselling room is associated with lower counselling success for “Transfer of Medical Knowledge” (r = 0.210 ***). High-risk congenital heart disease (CHD) is correlated to lower counselling success (42.7% vs. 71.4% in low-risk CHD). A lack of parental language skills leads to less overall counselling success. There is a trend towards more counselling success for “Transfer of Medical Knowledge” after being counselled solely by cardiologists in one center (r = 0.208). Our results indicate that a structured approach may lead to more counselling success in selected dimensions. For complex cardiac malformations, counselling by cardiologists is essential. Parental “Perceived Situational Control” is often impaired, highlighting the need for further support throughout the pregnancy.
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20
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Kovacevic A, Simmelbauer A, Starystach S, Elsässer M, Müller A, Bär S, Gorenflo M. Counseling for Prenatal Congenital Heart Disease-Recommendations Based on Empirical Assessment of Counseling Success. Front Pediatr 2020; 8:26. [PMID: 32175290 PMCID: PMC7054339 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2020.00026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Accepted: 01/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives: Empirical assessment of parental needs and affecting factors for counseling success after prenatal diagnosis of congenital heart disease (CHD). Methods:Counseling success after fetal diagnosis of CHD was assessed by a validated standardized questionnaire. The dependent variable "Effective Counseling" was measured in five created analytical dimensions (1. "Transfer of Medical Knowledge-ToMK"; 2. "Trust in Medical Staff-TiMS"; 3. "Transparency Regarding the Treatment Process-TrtTP"; 4. "Coping Resources-CR"; 5. "Perceived Situational Control-PSC"). Analyses were conducted with regard to influencing factors and correlations. Results: Sixty-one individuals (n = 40 females, n = 21 males) were interviewed in a tertiary medical care center. Median gestational age at first parental counseling was 28 + 6 weeks. Parental counseling was performed four times (median), mostly by pediatric cardiologists (83.6%). Overall counseling was successful in 46.3%, satisfying in 51.9%, and unsuccessful in 1.9%. Analyses of the analytical dimensions show that counseling was less successful for TOMK (38.3%) and PSC (39%); success rates were higher if additional written information or links to web sources were provided (60 and 70%, respectively). Length of consultation was positively correlated to counseling success for ToMK (r = 0.458), TrtTP (r = 0.636), PSC (r = 0.341), and TiMS (r = 0.501). Interruptions were negatively correlated to the dimensions TiMS (r = -0.263), and TrtTP (r = -0.210). In the presence of high-risk CHD (37.5%) overall counseling success was lower (26.1%). By cross table analysis and to a low degree of positive correlation in one dimension (ToMK; r = 0.202), counseling tends to be less successful for ToMK, TrtTP, and TiMS if parents have not been counseled by cardiologists. Analyses regarding premises show a parental need for a separate counseling room, which significantly impacts ToMK (r = -0,390) and overall counseling success (r = -0.333). A language barrier was associated with lower success rates for ToMK, TiMS, and CR (21.4, 42.9, and 30.8%). Conclusions: Data from this multidisciplinary study indicate that parents after fetal diagnosis of CHD need uninterrupted counseling of adequate duration and quality in a separate counseling room. Providing additional written information or links to adequate web sources after initial counseling seems necessary. High-risk CHD needs more attention for counseling. There is a trend towards more counseling success if provided by cardiologists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Kovacevic
- Department of Pediatric and Congenital Cardiology, Heidelberg University, Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Andreas Simmelbauer
- Department of Pediatric and Congenital Cardiology, Heidelberg University, Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Sebastian Starystach
- Max Weber Institute for Sociology, Ruprecht Karls University Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Michael Elsässer
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Andreas Müller
- Department of Pediatric and Congenital Cardiology, Heidelberg University, Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Stefan Bär
- Max Weber Institute for Sociology, Ruprecht Karls University Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Matthias Gorenflo
- Department of Pediatric and Congenital Cardiology, Heidelberg University, Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
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21
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Morell E, Thompson J, Rajagopal S, Blume ED, May R. Congenital Cardiothoracic Surgeons and Palliative Care: A National Survey Study. J Palliat Care 2019; 36:17-21. [PMID: 31597507 DOI: 10.1177/0825859719874765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The majority of children with advanced heart disease in the inpatient setting die in an intensive care unit under 1 year of age following multiple interventions. While pediatric cardiology and palliative care provider attitudes have been described, little is known about pediatric cardiothoracic surgeon attitudes toward palliative care in children with advanced heart disease. OBJECTIVE To describe perspectives of pediatric cardiothoracic surgeons regarding palliative care in pediatric heart disease. DESIGN Cross-sectional web-based national survey. RESULTS Of the 220 surgeons who were e-mailed the survey, 36 opened the survey and 5 did not meet inclusion criteria (n = 31). Median years of practice was 23.5 (range: 12-41 years), and 87.1% were male. Almost all (90%) reported that they had experience consulting palliative care. While 68% felt palliative care consultation was initiated at the appropriate time, 29% felt it occurred too late. When asked the appropriate timing for palliative care consultation in hypoplastic left heart syndrome, 45% selected "at time of prenatal diagnosis" and 30% selected "when surgical and transcatheter options have been exhausted." Common barriers to palliative care involvement included the perception of "giving up" (40%) and concern for undermining parental hope (36%). CONCLUSIONS While a majority of pediatric cardiothoracic surgeons are familiar with palliative care, there is variation in perception of appropriate timing of consultation. Significant barriers to consultation still exist, including concern that parents will think they are "giving" up, undermining parental hope, and influence of palliative care on the medical care team's approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Morell
- Division of Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, 12224University of California, San Francisco School of Medicine, CA, USA
| | - Jess Thompson
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, 194751University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, OK, USA
| | - Satish Rajagopal
- Division of Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, 12224University of California, San Francisco School of Medicine, CA, USA
| | | | - Rachna May
- Department of Pediatrics, 194751University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, OK, USA
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22
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Morell E, Moynihan K, Wolfe J, Blume ED. Palliative care and paediatric cardiology: current evidence and future directions. THE LANCET CHILD & ADOLESCENT HEALTH 2019; 3:502-510. [PMID: 31126897 DOI: 10.1016/s2352-4642(19)30121-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2018] [Revised: 01/20/2019] [Accepted: 02/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Although outcomes for children with heart disease have improved substantially over the past several decades, heart disease remains one of the leading causes of paediatric mortality. For children who progress to advanced heart disease, disease morbidity is high, with many children requiring multiple surgical interventions and long-term intensive care hospitalisations. Care for children with advanced heart disease requires a multidisciplinary approach, and opportunities for earlier integration of palliative care are being explored. This Viewpoint summarises the relevant literature over the past decade. We also identify gaps in parent and provider understanding of prognosis and communication, propose indications for palliative care consultation in paediatric advanced heart disease, and summarise attitudes and perceived barriers to palliative care consultation. Areas for additional research that we identify include paediatric cardiologist education, parental distress, socioeconomic disparities, and patient-reported outcomes. Interdisciplinary clinical and research efforts are required to further advance the field and improve integration of palliative care in the care of children with heart disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily Morell
- Division of Pediatric Critical Care, UCSF Benioff Children's Hospitals, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Katie Moynihan
- Department of Cardiology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Joanne Wolfe
- Pediatric Palliative Care, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Elizabeth D Blume
- Department of Cardiology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
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23
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Zaręba K, Makara-Studzińska M, Ciebiera M, Gierus J, Jakiel G. Role of Social and Informational Support while Deciding on Pregnancy Termination for Medical Reasons. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2018; 15:ijerph15122854. [PMID: 30558123 PMCID: PMC6313640 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15122854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2018] [Revised: 09/23/2018] [Accepted: 12/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Background: Poland is a country with restrictive laws concerning abortion, which is only allowed if the mother’s life and health are in danger, in case of rape, and severe defects in the fetus. This paper specifies the forms of support expected by women considering termination from their family, people in their surroundings and professional medical personnel. Methods: Between June 2014 and May 2016 patients eligible to terminate a pregnancy for medical reasons were asked to complete an anonymous survey consisting of sixty questions to determine patient profile and forms of support expected from the society, family and professional medical personnel as well as to assess informational support provided. Results: Women do not take into consideration society’s opinion on pregnancy termination (95%). The majority of the respondents think that financial support from the state is not sufficient to provide for sick children (81%). Despite claiming to have a medium standard of life (75%), nearly half of the respondents (45%) say that they do not have the financial resources to take care of a sick child. The women have informed their partner (97%) and closest family members (82%) and a low percentage have informed friends (32%). Nearly one third (31%) have not talked to the attending gynecologist about their decision. Conclusions: The decision to terminate a pregnancy is made by mature women with a stable life situation—supported by their partner and close family. They do not expect systemic support, as they believe it is marginal, and only seek emotional support from their closest family. They appreciate support provided by professional medical personnel if it is personal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kornelia Zaręba
- First Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Center of Postgraduate Medical Education, 00-416 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Marta Makara-Studzińska
- Faculty of Clinical Health Psychology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31-501 Krakow, Poland.
| | - Michał Ciebiera
- Second Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Center of Postgraduate Medical Education, 01-809 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Jacek Gierus
- Department of Psychiatry, Department of Health Sciences, Medical University of Warsaw, 05-802 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Grzegorz Jakiel
- First Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Center of Postgraduate Medical Education, 00-416 Warsaw, Poland.
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24
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Pediatric Cardiology Provider Attitudes About Palliative Care: A Multicenter Survey Study. Pediatr Cardiol 2017; 38:1324-1331. [PMID: 28664445 DOI: 10.1007/s00246-017-1663-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2017] [Accepted: 06/15/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
While availability of palliative care consultation for children with advanced heart disease increases, little is known about cardiologist attitudes towards palliative care. We sought to describe perspectives of cardiologists regarding palliative care and to characterize their perceived competence in palliative care concepts. A cross-sectional survey of pediatric cardiologists and cardiac surgeons from 19 pediatric medical centers was performed. Overall response rate was 31% (183/589). Respondents had a median of 18 years of experience since medical school (range 2-49) and most practiced at academic centers (91%). Sixty-percent of respondents felt that palliative care consultations occur "too late" and the majority (85%) agreed that palliative care consultations are helpful. Barriers to requesting palliative care consultation were most frequently described as "referring to palliative care services too early will undermine parents' hope" (45%) and "concern that parents will think I am giving up on their child" (56%). Only 33% of cardiologists reported feeling "very" or "moderately" competent in prognosticating life expectancy while over 60% felt competent caring for children with heart disease around end of life, and nearly 80% felt competent discussing goals of care and code status. Greater perceived competence was associated with subspecialty (heart failure/intensivist vs. other) (OR 3.6, 95% CI 1.6-8.1, p = 0.003) and didactic training (OR 6.27, 95% CI 1.8-21.8, p = 0.004). These results underscore the need for further training in palliative care skills for pediatric cardiologists. Enhancing palliative care skills among cardiologists and facilitating partnership with subspecialty palliative care teams may improve overall care of children with advanced heart disease.
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