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Pei JL, Wei W, Wang DR, Liu CY, Zhou HP, Xu CL, Zhang YW. Cloning, Expression, and Characterization of a Highly Stable Heparinase I from Bacteroides xylanisolvens. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15071776. [PMID: 37050390 PMCID: PMC10097318 DOI: 10.3390/polym15071776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Heparinase I (Hep I), which specifically degrades heparin to oligosaccharide or unsaturated disaccharide, has an important role in the production of low molecular weight heparin (LMWH). However, low productivity and stability of heparinase I hinders its applications. Here, a novel heparinase I (BxHep-I) was cloned from Bacteroides xylanisolvens and overexpressed in soluble form in Escherichia coli. The expression conditions of BxHep-I were optimized for an activity of 7144 U/L. BxHep-I had a specific activity of 57.6 U/mg at the optimal temperature and pH of 30 °C and pH 7.5, with the Km and Vmax of 0.79 mg/mL and 124.58 U/mg, respectively. BxHep-I catalytic activity could be enhanced by Ca2+ and Mg2+, while strongly inhibited by Zn2+ and Co2+. Purified BxHep-I displayed an outstanding thermostability with half-lives of 597 and 158 min at 30 and 37 °C, respectively, which are the highest half-lives ever reported for heparinases I. After storage at 4 °C for one week, BxHep-I retained 73% of its initial activity. Molecular docking revealed that the amino acids Asn25, Gln27, Arg88, Lys116, His156, Arg161, Gln228, Tyr356, Lys358, and Tyr362 form 13 hydrogen bonds with the substrate heparin disaccharides in the substrate binding domain and are mainly involved in the substrate binding of BxHep-I. These results suggest that the BxHep-I with high stability could be a candidate catalyst for the industrial production of LMWH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Lu Pei
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Wei Wei
- Zhongshiduqing Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Heze 274100, China
| | - Ding-Ran Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Cai-Yun Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Hua-Ping Zhou
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Chen-Lu Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Ye-Wang Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
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Production, characteristics and applications of microbial heparinases. Biochimie 2022; 198:109-140. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2022.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Revised: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Gao LW, Zhu HT, Liu CY, Lv ZX, Fan XM, Zhang YW. A highly active heparinase I from Bacteroides cellulosilyticus: Cloning, high level expression, and molecular characterization. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0240920. [PMID: 33079966 PMCID: PMC7575093 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0240920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
As one of the most extensively studied glycosaminoglycan lyases, heparinase I has been used in producing low or ultra-low molecular weight heparin. Its' important applications are to neutralize the heparin in human blood and analyze heparin structure in the clinic. However, the low productivity and activity of the enzyme have greatly hindered its applications. In this study, a novel Hep-I from Bacteroides cellulosilyticus (BcHep-I) was successfully cloned and heterologously expressed in E. coli BL21 (DE3) as a soluble protein. The molecular mass and isoelectric point (pI) of the enzyme are 44.42 kDa and 9.02, respectively. And the characterization of BcHep-I after purified with Ni-NTA affinity chromatography suggested that it is a mesophilic enzyme. BcHep-I can be activated by 1 mM Ca2+, Mg2+, and Mn2+, while severely inhibited by Zn2+, Co2+, and EDTA. The specific activity of the enzyme was 738.3 U·mg-1 which is the highest activity ever reported. The Km and Vmax were calculated as 0.17 mg·mL-1 and 740.58 U·mg-1, respectively. Besides, the half-life of 300 min at 30°C showed BcHep-I has practical applications. Homology modeling and substrate docking revealed that Gln15, Lys74, Arg76, Lys104, Arg149, Gln208, Tyr336, Tyr342, and Lys338 were mainly involved in the substrate binding of Hep-I, and 11 hydrogen bonds were formed between heparin and the enzyme. These results indicated that BcHep-I with high activity has great potential applications in the industrial production of heparin, especially in the clinic to neutralize heparin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Wei Gao
- The People’s Hospital of Danyang, Affiliated Danyang Hospital of Nantong University, Danyang, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Hong-Tao Zhu
- The People’s Hospital of Danyang, Affiliated Danyang Hospital of Nantong University, Danyang, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Cai-Yun Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Xiang Lv
- The People’s Hospital of Danyang, Affiliated Danyang Hospital of Nantong University, Danyang, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Xiao-Man Fan
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ye-Wang Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, People’s Republic of China
- * E-mail:
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Liu CY, Su WB, Guo LB, Zhang YW. Cloning, expression, and characterization of a novel heparinase I from Bacteroides eggerthii. Prep Biochem Biotechnol 2020; 50:477-485. [PMID: 31900079 DOI: 10.1080/10826068.2019.1709977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Heparinase I (Hep I) specifically degrades heparin to oligosaccharide or unsaturated disaccharide and has been widely used in preparation of low molecular weight heparin (LMWH). In this work, a novel Hep I from Bacteroides eggerthii VPI T5-42B-1 was cloned and overexpressed in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3). The enzyme has specific activity of 480 IU·mg-1 at the optimal temperature and pH of 30 °C and pH 7.5, and the Km and Vmax were 3.6 mg·mL-1 and 647.93 U·mg-1, respectively. The Hep I has good stability with t1/2 values of 350 and 60 min at 30 and 37 °C, respectively. And it showed a residual relative activity of 70.8% after 21 days incubation at 4 °C. Substrate docking study revealed that Lys99, Arg101, Gln241, Lys270, Asn275, and Lys292 were mainly involved in the substrate binding of Hep I. The shorter hydrogen bonds formed between heparin and these residues suggested the higher specific activity of BeHep I. And the minimum conformational entropy value of 756 J·K-1 provides an evidence for the improved stability of this enzyme. This Hep I could be of interest in the industrial preparation of LMWH for its high specific activity and good stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cai-Yun Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Wen-Bin Su
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Li-Bin Guo
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Ye-Wang Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, People's Republic of China
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Zhang C, Yang BC, Liu WT, Li ZY, Song YJ, Zhang TC, Luo XG. Structure-based engineering of heparinase I with improved specific activity for degrading heparin. BMC Biotechnol 2019; 19:59. [PMID: 31399136 PMCID: PMC6688311 DOI: 10.1186/s12896-019-0553-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2019] [Accepted: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Heparinase I from Pedobacter heparinus (Ph-HepI), which specifically cleaves heparin and heparan sulfate, is one of the most extensively studied glycosaminoglycan lyases. Enzymatic degradation of heparin by heparin lyases not only largely facilitates heparin structural analysis but also showed great potential to produce low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) in an environmentally friendly way. However, industrial applications of Ph-HepI have been limited by their poor yield and enzyme activity. In this work, we improve the specific enzyme activity of Ph-HepI based on homology modeling, multiple sequence alignment, molecular docking and site-directed mutagenesis. RESULTS Three mutations (S169D, A259D, S169D/A259D) exhibited a 50.18, 40.43, and 122.05% increase in the specific enzyme activity and a 91.67, 108.33, and 75% increase in the yield, respectively. The catalytic efficiencies (kcat/Km) of the mutanted enzymes S169D, A259D, and S169D/A259D were higher than those of the wild-type enzyme by 275, 164, and 406%, respectively. Mass spectrometry and activity detection showed the enzyme degradation products were in line with the standards of the European Pharmacopoeia. Protein structure analysis showed that hydrogen bonds and ionic bonds were important factors for improving specific enzyme activity and yield. CONCLUSIONS We found that the mutant S169D/A259D had more industrial application value than the wild-type enzyme due to molecular modifications. Our results provide a new strategy to increase the catalytic efficiency of other heparinases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology of the Ministry of Education & Tianjin Key Lab of Industrial Microbiology, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China.,State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin, 300457, China
| | - Bao-Cheng Yang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology of the Ministry of Education & Tianjin Key Lab of Industrial Microbiology, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China.,State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin, 300457, China
| | - Wen-Ting Liu
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology of the Ministry of Education & Tianjin Key Lab of Industrial Microbiology, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China.,State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin, 300457, China
| | - Zhong-Yuan Li
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology of the Ministry of Education & Tianjin Key Lab of Industrial Microbiology, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China.,State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin, 300457, China
| | - Ya-Jian Song
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology of the Ministry of Education & Tianjin Key Lab of Industrial Microbiology, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China.,State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin, 300457, China
| | - Tong-Cun Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology of the Ministry of Education & Tianjin Key Lab of Industrial Microbiology, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China.,State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin, 300457, China
| | - Xue-Gang Luo
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Fermentation Microbiology of the Ministry of Education & Tianjin Key Lab of Industrial Microbiology, College of Biotechnology, Tianjin University of Science and Technology, Tianjin, 300457, China. .,State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Tianjin, 300457, China.
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Li Y, Zhou Z, Chen Z. High-level production of ChSase ABC I by co-expressing molecular chaperones in Escherichia coli. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 119:779-784. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2017] [Revised: 08/01/2018] [Accepted: 08/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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7
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Huo YX, Ren H, Yu H, Zhao L, Yu S, Yan Y, Chen Z. CipA-mediating enzyme self-assembly to enhance the biosynthesis of pyrogallol in Escherichia coli. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2018; 102:10005-10015. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-018-9365-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2018] [Revised: 08/20/2018] [Accepted: 09/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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8
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Ji Y, Lu Y, Yan Y, Liu X, Su N, Zhang C, Bi S, Xing XH. Design of Fusion Proteins for Efficient and Soluble Production of Immunogenic Ebola Virus Glycoprotein in Escherichia coli. Biotechnol J 2018; 13:e1700627. [PMID: 29500882 DOI: 10.1002/biot.201700627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2017] [Revised: 01/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The Ebola hemorrhagic fever caused by Ebola virus is an extremely dangerous disease, and effective therapeutic agents are still lacking. Platforms for the efficient production of vaccines are crucial to ensure quick response against an Ebola virus outbreak. Ebola virus glycoprotein (EbolaGP) on the virion surface is responsible for membrane binding and virus entry, thus becoming the key target for vaccine development. However, heterologous expression of this protein still faces engineering challenges such as low production levels and insoluble aggregation. Here, the authors design and compare various fusion strategies, attaching great importance to the solubility-enhancing effect, and tag removal process. It is found that a C-terminal intein-based tag greatly enhances the solubility of EbolaGP and allows one-step chromatographic purification of the untagged EbolaGP through thiol-catalyzed self-cleavage. The purified untagged EbolaGP alone or with Freund's adjuvant are highly immunogenic, as confirmed in a mouse model. Consequently, the present study puts forward a new strategy for the efficient and soluble expression of untagged immunogenic EbolaGP. The intein-based protein fusion approach may be of importance for the large-scale production of Ebola virus subunit vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Ji
- MOE Key Laboratory of Industrial Biocatalysis, Institute of Biochemical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Yuan Lu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Industrial Biocatalysis, Institute of Biochemical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Yishu Yan
- MOE Key Laboratory of Industrial Biocatalysis, Institute of Biochemical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Xinxin Liu
- Bio-Cell Co. Ltd., Beijing, 100085, P. R. China
| | - Nan Su
- Bio-Cell Co. Ltd., Beijing, 100085, P. R. China
| | - Chong Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Industrial Biocatalysis, Institute of Biochemical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China.,Centre for Synthetic and Systems Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Shengli Bi
- Institute of Virology Disease Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, 102206, China
| | - Xin-Hui Xing
- MOE Key Laboratory of Industrial Biocatalysis, Institute of Biochemical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China.,Centre for Synthetic and Systems Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
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9
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Chen Z, Shen X, Wang J, Wang J, Yuan Q, Yan Y. Rational engineering of p
-hydroxybenzoate hydroxylase to enable efficient gallic acid synthesis via a novel artificial biosynthetic pathway. Biotechnol Bioeng 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/bit.26364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhenya Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering; Beijing University of Chemical Technology; 15 Beisanhuan East Road, Chaoyang District Beijing 100029 China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering; Beijing University of Chemical Technology; Beijing China
| | - Xiaolin Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering; Beijing University of Chemical Technology; 15 Beisanhuan East Road, Chaoyang District Beijing 100029 China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering; Beijing University of Chemical Technology; Beijing China
| | - Jian Wang
- College of Engineering; The University of Georgia; 615 Driftmier Engineering Center Athens 30602 Georgia
| | - Jia Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering; Beijing University of Chemical Technology; 15 Beisanhuan East Road, Chaoyang District Beijing 100029 China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering; Beijing University of Chemical Technology; Beijing China
| | - Qipeng Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering; Beijing University of Chemical Technology; 15 Beisanhuan East Road, Chaoyang District Beijing 100029 China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering; Beijing University of Chemical Technology; Beijing China
| | - Yajun Yan
- College of Engineering; The University of Georgia; 615 Driftmier Engineering Center Athens 30602 Georgia
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Expression, purification and characterization of GAPDH-ChSase ABC I from Proteus vulgaris in Escherichia coli. Protein Expr Purif 2016; 128:36-41. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pep.2016.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2016] [Revised: 08/01/2016] [Accepted: 08/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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11
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Improvement of expression level of polysaccharide lyases with new tag GAPDH in E. coli. J Biotechnol 2016; 236:159-65. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2016.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2016] [Revised: 08/18/2016] [Accepted: 08/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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12
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Yu P, Jia T, Chen Y, Wu Y, Zhang Y. Improving the activity of heparinase I by the directed evolution, its enzymatic properties and optimal conditions for heparin degrading by recombinant cells. Biochem Eng J 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2016.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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13
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Chen Z, Li Y, Feng Y, Chen L, Yuan Q. Enzyme activity enhancement of chondroitinase ABC I from Proteus vulgaris by site-directed mutagenesis. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra15220h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Arg660 was found as a new active site and Asn795Ala and Trp818Ala mutants showed higher activities than the wild type based on molecular docking simulation analysis for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenya Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering
- Beijing University of Chemical Technology
- Beijing 100029
- China
| | - Ye Li
- Department of Biotechnology
- Beijing Polytechnic
- Beijing 100029
- China
| | - Yue Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering
- Beijing University of Chemical Technology
- Beijing 100029
- China
| | - Liang Chen
- Department of Biotechnology
- Beijing Polytechnic
- Beijing 100029
- China
| | - Qipeng Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering
- Beijing University of Chemical Technology
- Beijing 100029
- China
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Wu J, Zhou L, Zhang H, Guo J, Mei X, Zhang C, Yuan J, Xing XH. Direct affinity immobilization of recombinant heparinase I fused to maltose binding protein on maltose-coated magnetic nanoparticles. Biochem Eng J 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2014.05.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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15
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Expression of HpaI in Pichia pastoris and optimization of conditions for the heparinase I production. Carbohydr Polym 2014; 106:223-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2014.01.087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2013] [Revised: 11/19/2013] [Accepted: 01/27/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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17
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Molecular engineering of industrial enzymes: recent advances and future prospects. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2013; 98:23-9. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-013-5370-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2013] [Revised: 10/28/2013] [Accepted: 10/30/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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