Bilateral renal lymphangiomatosis mimicking hydronephrosis: multidetector CT urographic findings

Development of unilateral renal peripelvic lymphangiectasia after renal vein thrombosis

Renal peripelvic lymphangiectasia is a rare entity that can mimic hydronephrosis on routine contrast-enhanced computer tomography (CT). While it may remain asymptomatic, symptomatic cases can exhibit refractory hypertension (HTN) and recurrent abdominal pain. Diagnostic challenges stem from its nonspecific symptoms and imaging characteristics, which can overlap with other renal disorders. Thereby, adequate protocolling of CT or magnetic resonance (MR) imaging is important for accurate diagnosis. In this report, we present a case of renal lymphangiectasia that developed in a medically complex patient following renal vein thrombosis.

Bilateral Renal Lymphangiectasia with No Significant Morbidity for Over 25 Years: A Case Report

Patient: Female, 39-year-old

Final Diagnosis: Lymphangiectasia

Symptoms: Pain

Medication: —

Clinical Procedure: —

Specialty: Urology

Posttransplant Intrarenal Lymphangiectasia

Renal lymphangiectasia is an extremely rare benign condition in the setting of transplanted kidneys. We describe a 50-year-old female with a past medical history of lupus nephritis and renal transplants who presented with right lower quadrant pain and was found to have intrarenal lymphangiectasia on imaging and laboratory tests. The patient was treated with percutaneous drainage initially and then wide peritoneal fenestration and omentoplasty. An extremely rare adult case with intrarenal lymphangiectasia thirteen months after kidney transplant was described in this study. Imaging, particularly computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), plays a key role in the diagnosis of renal lymphangiectasia.

Triparametric ultrasound in differentiating multicystic renal masses: a rare presentation of unilateral focal renal lymphangioma

We describe a rare case of renal lymphangioma presenting as a focal unilateral multicystic renal mass and document the first reported use of triparametric ultrasound (B-mode, Doppler, and contrast-enhanced ultrasound) in its diagnosis and discrimination from other focal multicystic lesions. Renal lymphangiomas are rare, benign, typically developmental lesions composed of cystic dilatation of the lymphatic ducts, usually occurring bilaterally as perinephric collections or parapelvic cysts mimicking hydronephrosis. Radiologists have an important role in suggesting the diagnosis, as clinical presentation can be nonspecific. Management is usually conservative; however, nephron-sparing surgery may be recommended in symptomatic individuals.

Role of CT scan in diagnosis of renal lymphangiectasia: our single-center experience

BACKGROUND

Renal lymphangiectasia is rarely reported benign renal disorder of lymphatic malformation. Though found incidentally; it presents with nonspecific symptoms and shows characteristic findings in radiological imaging studies.

AIM

Here, we report eight patients with symptoms, laboratory and imaging findings compatible with renal lymphangiectasia. This report describes clinical and laboratory characteristics, treatment, Imaging findings and outcome of a series of patients with renal lymphangiectasia and reviews the literature.

METHODS AND MATERIAL

Eight patients (mean age 45 years, male:female ratio 3:1) from 1st January 2011 to 30th June 2016; showing renal lymphangiectasia as incidental finding on CT IVP were included in the series. Imaging and laboratory findings were reviewed. Two out of eight patients (25%) underwent aspiration of collection and laboratory findings confirmed the diagnosis of renal lymphangiectasia. Four out of eight patients (50%) did not undergo aspiration of fluid and were offered conservative treatment. Two out of eight patients (25%) were donors for renal transplantation who were managed conservatively.

RESULTS

Renal lymphangiectasia was diagnosed on CT IVP. In each case, where aspiration of collection fluid was offered, the laboratory diagnosis of renal lymphangiectasia was confirmed and patients were managed conservatively. However, large collection in one patient was relieved by percutaneous aspiration.

CONCLUSIONS

Renal lymphangiectasia can be diagnosed with CT scan and confirmed by laboratory tests. As it may be confused with other cystic lesions of kidney; proper diagnosis and exclusion of other differentials can be effectively offered by CT scan IVP, which can avoid unnecessary invasive treatment options.

Bilateral Renal Lymphangiectasia

Renal Lymphangiectasia (RLM) is very rare benign lymphatic malformation. It can be misdiagnosed for other cystic renal masses, most commonly polycystic kidneys. Though incidentally found in most cases, it may be the cause for hypertension and renal failure in undiagnosed patients. Here, we report a case of an adult asymptomatic male with bilateral RLM which was detected as an incidental finding on ultrasound. Confirmation by CT-scan and laboratory diagnosis of aspirated fluid was done, and patient was managed conservatively.

Renal lymphangiectasia presenting with hypertension and polycythemia

We report a very rare case of renal lymphangiectasia, an accumulation of lymph in the renal lymphatic system secondary to obstruction. Our patient presented to his family doctor for an annual check-up which resulted with high blood pressure and polycythemia. An ultrasound was performed and revealed a large right perirenal collection. A year later, a controlled abdominal computed tomography scan showed a progression and compression of perirenal collection on the right kidney, as well as apparition of a left perirenal collection. Percutaneous drainage of both collections was unsuccessful. Laparoscopy-guided marsupialisation was performed and successful. Blood pressure lowered to normal range without medication. The patient's hemoglobin level decreased within normal range after 3 additional phlebotomies postoperatively.

Bilateral renal lymphangiomatosis: imaging and histopathologic findings

Renal lymphangiomatosis is an extremely rare disease characterized by developmental malformation of the lymphatic system surrounding the kidneys. We present the case of a 22-year-old pregnant female discovered because of worsening. Ultrasound, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging studies were performed. An 18 × 11 × 10 cm voluminous cystic subcapsular lesion compressing the left kidney and subcapsular cysts of the right kidney were found. After the delivery, marsupialization was performed and the pathological analysis confirmed the diagnosis of lymphangiomatosis. A review of the literature is proposed.

Percutaneous drainage and sclerotherapy as definitive treatment of renal lymphangiomatosis

We report the technique and outcome of percutaneous drainage and sclerotherapy as primary treatment of renal lymphangiomatosis. Between January and May 2009, two patients presenting with symptomatic renal lymphangiomatosis were treated in our department by a minimally invasive modality combining percutaneous drainage with repeated sclerotherapy. We retrospectively analysed recurrence, complications and patient satisfaction. In this limited case series, percutaneous drainage and repeated sclerotherapy proved to be safe and effective for treating renal lymphangiomatosis. This procedure provides a minimally invasive option for selected patients, potentially avoiding a surgical procedure and any risk of complications.

Cystic lymphangioma of the kidney: Diagnosis and management

INTRODUCTION

Cystic lymphangioma is a rare benign vascular tumor that may arise in various sites, revealed at any age. Abdominal locations represent less than 10% of the cases preferentially involving the mesentery. We report a case of primary lymphangioma arising from the kidney.

PRESENTATION OF CASE

A 50-year-old woman was admitted for severe left lumbar pain. Abdominal ultrasonography and computed tomography revealed a 6×10 cm multiloculated cystic mass with hydronephrosis, extending along the left renal hilum. Surgical exploration revealed a retroperitoneal cystic tumor. Anatomopathologic examination concluded it to be a cystic lymphangioma.

DISCUSSION

The cystic lymphangioma is a benign malformative tumor of the lymphatic system. Surgery is the best curative treatment with complete excision, the prognosis is excellent.

CONCLUSION

Primary renal lymphangioma is exceedingly rare. Medical imaging has certain limits for the diagnosis which required histological confirmation. The treatment of choice is surgical.

Perinephric fluid collections due to renal lymphangiectasia

Fluid collections around the kidneys on cross-sectional imaging may be caused by urine, blood, pus, lymph, or plasma. Ultrasonography (US), computed tomography (CT), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can not only show and characterize the fluid, but also may help determine the underlying cause of the perinephric fluid collection, such as ureteric obstruction, kidney injury, infection, or renal lymphangiectasia. Renal lymphangiectasia is characterized by abnormal and ectatic lymphatic vessels within and around the kidneys. Dilated lymphatics may result in peripelvic cysts (intrarenal lymphangiectasia) and perinephric fluid collections (extrarenal lymphangiectasia), which can be visualized using US, CT, and MRI. Proper diagnosis on imaging helps in planning a conservative management approach to this benign condition, which requires intervention for only significant symptoms or complications. We describe a 60-year-old man with normal kidney function and bilateral perinephric fluid collections in whom renal lymphangiectasia was diagnosed noninvasively on the basis of characteristic findings on US, CT, and MRI.