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Ibrahiem SMS. "Post Bariatric Male Chest Re-shaping Using L-shaped Excision Technique". Aesthetic Plast Surg 2023; 47:2502-2510. [PMID: 35715533 DOI: 10.1007/s00266-022-02971-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Male chest deformity after massive weight loss is complex and challenging to treat because of differing grades of excessive parenchyma/fat ptosis, nipple malposition, over-stretched skin, ill-defined infra-mammary fold, and prominent axillary rolls. Patients are eager to restore balanced upper body dominance. Two fundamental techniques are used for large breasts with moderate to poor skin elasticity; (1) the inferior pedicle Wise skin pattern and (2) double incision with free nipple graft technique.The author presents his experience in treating such severe breast deformities, besides correcting the prominent axillary rolls using an L-shaped mastectomy excision. MATERIALS AND METHODS Between March 2017 and December 2020, 55 consecutive patients were treated surgically for male chest re-contouring using the L-shaped mastectomy technique. Ages ranged from 20 to 57 years (median, 31 years). The average body mass index (BMI) was 29. The average follow-up period was 17 months (13-44 months). RESULTS Fifty-one patients (92.8%) reported greater levels of postoperative satisfaction with their results owing to lack of any major complication and minimal minor complications (two cases of minor ischemia that healed spontaneously, two small hematomas, two small seromas, and four hypertrophic scars). CONCLUSION The L-shaped excision is a useful procedure for severe grade gynecomastia with an atypical presentation in the form of complex chest deformity and prominent axillary roll after massive weight loss patients. The technique is associated with minor complications that are treated in an office setting. The technique preserves normal pigmentation and sensitivity of the nipple-alveolar complex. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE IV This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Saad Mohamed Saad Ibrahiem
- Assistant Professor of plastic and reconstructive surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Campus, Alexandria University, 21111, Alexandria, Egypt.
- We Care Professionals Medical Center, Kuwait City, Kuwait.
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Dalaei F, de Vries CE, Cano SJ, Kaur MN, Poulsen L, Pfob A, Mou D, Repo JP, Salzillo R, Opyrchal J, Sørensen JA, Pusic AL, Klassen AF. BODY-Q Normative Scores: Psychometric Validation of the BODY-Q in the General Population in Europe and North America. PLASTIC AND RECONSTRUCTIVE SURGERY-GLOBAL OPEN 2023; 11:e5401. [PMID: 38025628 PMCID: PMC10653602 DOI: 10.1097/gox.0000000000005401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Background BODY-Q is a rigorously developed patient-reported outcome measure designed to measure outcomes of weight loss and body contouring patients. To allow interpretation and comparison of BODY-Q scores across studies, normative BODY-Q values were generated from the general population. The aim of this study was to examine the psychometric properties of BODY-Q in the normative population. Methods Data were collected using two crowdsourcing platforms (Prolific and Amazon Mechanical Turk) in 12 European and North American countries. Rasch measurement theory (RMT) was used to examine reliability and validity of BODY-Q scales. Results RMT analysis supported the psychometric properties of BODY-Q in the normative sample with ordered thresholds in all items and nonsignificant chi-square values for 167 of 176 items. Reliability was high with person separation index of greater than or equal to 0.70 in 20 of 22 scales and Cronbach alpha values of greater than or equal to 0.90 in 17 of 22 scales. Mean scale scores measuring appearance, health-related quality of life, and eating-related concerns scales varied as predicted across subgroups with higher scores reported by participants who were more satisfied with their weight. Analysis to explore differential item functioning by sample (normative versus field-test) flagged some potential issues, but subsequent comparison of adjusted and unadjusted person estimates provided evidence that the scoring algorithm worked equivalently for the normative sample as in the field-test samples. Conclusions The BODY-Q scales showed acceptable reliability and validity in the normative sample. The normative values can be used as reference in research and clinical practice in combination with local estimates for parallel analysis and comparison.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farima Dalaei
- From the Research Unit of Plastic Surgery, Odense University Hospital, Denmark
- University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
- OPEN, Odense Explorative Patient Network, Odense, Denmark
| | - Claire E.E. de Vries
- Department of Surgery, OLVG, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
- Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard University, Boston, Mass
| | | | - Manraj N. Kaur
- Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass
| | - Lotte Poulsen
- From the Research Unit of Plastic Surgery, Odense University Hospital, Denmark
- University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - André Pfob
- University Breast Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Baden-Württemberg, Germany
| | - Danny Mou
- Department of General Surgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard University, Boston, Mass
| | - Jussi P. Repo
- Unit of Musculoskeletal Surgery, Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Tampere University Hospital and University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland
| | - Rosa Salzillo
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Campus Bio-Medico University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Jakub Opyrchal
- Department of Oncologic and Reconstructive Surgery, Maria Sklodowska-Curie Memorial National Cancer Center, Gliwice, Poland
| | - Jens A. Sørensen
- From the Research Unit of Plastic Surgery, Odense University Hospital, Denmark
- University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Andrea L. Pusic
- Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass
| | - Anne F. Klassen
- Department of Pediatrics, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
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Salzillo R, Barone M, Persichetti P. Does a High-Quality Scar Overcome its Length? Italian Validation of the SCAR-Q Questionnaire. Aesthetic Plast Surg 2023; 47:2209-2210. [PMID: 37253844 DOI: 10.1007/s00266-023-03406-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Scars play a pivotal role in plastic surgery: as surgeons, we continuously seek the best approach to perform a surgical procedure through a minimal access, possibly hidden in natural creases of the body, in order to create a scar less noticeable as possible. This behavior is explained by the fact that commonly, both patients and surgeons believe that the smaller the scar, the better the result. However, this is not always true and the quality of the scar is as important as its length (Barone in Aesthetic Plast Surg, 2022. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00266-022-03081-5 ). A small but widened scar can be less tolerated than a longer linear scar. Scar appearance is an important aspect influencing patient satisfaction after a surgical procedure that is often unaddressed (Barone in Aesthetic Plast Surg 42(6):1506-1518, 2018). The SCAR-Q represents the first validated comprehensive patient-reported outcome measure (PROM) designed for children and adults to assess scars (Klassen in Plast Reconstr Surg Glob Open 6(4):e1672, 2018). It is composed of three domains: scar appearance, scar symptoms, and psychosocial impact. The scar appearance scale investigates how bothered the patient is about his/her scar and consists of 12 items asking about length, width, color, shape, and size of the scar, as well as how it looks up close and from different angles. The symptoms scale investigates how bothered are patients by how their scar has felt in the past week and it consists of 12 items asking whether the scar is painful, numb, itchy, hard or firm, tight, and sensitive when touched, as well as whether the scar makes it hard to move parts of the face or body or do some activities. The psychosocial impact scale investigates how the patient feels about his/her scar and involves 5 items asking about feeling upset, embarrassed, or unhappy about the scar, as well as how they feel when someone sees their scar. The three scales are independent and can also be administered separately. Scores for SCAR-Q scales range from 0 to 100, with higher scores representing a better outcome. Following a rigorous five-step process in cooperation with the developers, our team translated and validated the SCAR-Q questionnaire in Italian in order to allow Italian surgeons to use it in their clinical practice overcoming the language barrier that was often encountered with patients who are not fluent in English. We believe this is a precious tool for plastic surgeon to assess patient satisfaction, any issues related specifically to the scar and analyze the outcomes of the procedure performed.Level of evidence V: This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors https://www.springer.com/00266 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa Salzillo
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Research Unit of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Campus Bio-Medico University of Rome, Via Alvaro del Portillo 21, 00128, Rome, Italy.
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Operative Research Unit of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Via Alvaro del Portillo 200, 00128, Rome, Italy.
| | - Mauro Barone
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Research Unit of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Campus Bio-Medico University of Rome, Via Alvaro del Portillo 21, 00128, Rome, Italy
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Operative Research Unit of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Via Alvaro del Portillo 200, 00128, Rome, Italy
| | - Paolo Persichetti
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Research Unit of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Campus Bio-Medico University of Rome, Via Alvaro del Portillo 21, 00128, Rome, Italy
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Operative Research Unit of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Via Alvaro del Portillo 200, 00128, Rome, Italy
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Ibrahiem SMS. Do the Small Scars Lead to Better Results? Analysis of the Long-Term Outcomes of Patients Undergoing Male Chest Remodeling Surgery in Patients with Maximum Weight Loss. Aesthetic Plast Surg 2023; 47:127-128. [PMID: 36123507 DOI: 10.1007/s00266-022-03102-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Saad Mohamed Saad Ibrahiem
- Faculty of Medicine, Alexandria University, Medical Campus, Alexandria, 21111, Egypt.
- We Care Professionals Medical Center, Kuwait City, Kuwait.
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Barone M, Cogliandro A, Persichetti P. Small Scars Lead to Better Results? Analysis of the Long-Term Outcomes of Patients Undergoing Male Chest Remodeling Surgery in Patients with Maximum Weight Loss. Aesthetic Plast Surg 2023; 47:125-126. [PMID: 36109355 DOI: 10.1007/s00266-022-03081-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mauro Barone
- Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Unit, Campus Bio-Medico University of Rome, Via Alvaro Del Portillo 200, Rome, Italy.
- Research group "To be and to appear: Objective indication to Plastic Surgery" of Campus Bio-Medico University in Rome, Rome, Italy.
- Institute of Philosophy of Scientific and Technological Activity, Campus Bio-Medico University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
| | - Annalisa Cogliandro
- Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Unit, Campus Bio-Medico University of Rome, Via Alvaro Del Portillo 200, Rome, Italy
- Research group "To be and to appear: Objective indication to Plastic Surgery" of Campus Bio-Medico University in Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Paolo Persichetti
- Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Unit, Campus Bio-Medico University of Rome, Via Alvaro Del Portillo 200, Rome, Italy
- Research group "To be and to appear: Objective indication to Plastic Surgery" of Campus Bio-Medico University in Rome, Rome, Italy
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He J, Yang J, Dai T, Wei J. Integrating the Fast-Track surgery concept into the surgical treatment of gynecomastia. J Plast Surg Hand Surg 2023; 57:494-499. [PMID: 36650940 DOI: 10.1080/2000656x.2023.2166946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Background: The use of fast-track surgery pathway has been reported to reduce the stress of operation and accelerate rehabilitation in various surgical specialties. However, there has been a relative dearth of research on this subject for surgical treatment of gynecomastia.Materials and methods: The gynecomastia was treated by liposuction plus pull-through technique. The safety and recovery profiles were retrospectively compared between the patients in a standard pathway (including general anesthesia and postoperative drainage) and those in a fast-track pathway (including patient education, local tumescent anesthesia, no drainage, and effective pain control). Registered outcomes included postoperative complications, time to normal life, length of stay, patient satisfaction, etc.Results: From October of 2017 to October of 2021, 126 gynecomastia patients with Simon's grade I or II who underwent the surgical treatments were included in the study, of which 25 patients were treated according to standard pathway, and 101 patients underwent the fast-track pathway. During the follow-up, there was no difference between the cohorts in the incidence of postoperative complications. Both the time to normal life and length of stay significantly decreased to 0 after the introduction of fast-track pathway. Overall, 94.1% of the patients ranked the fast-track surgical pathway as 'great' or 'moderate' at the 3-month follow-up.Conclusions: The proposed fast-track pathway is feasible for surgical treatment of gynecomastia, leading to an enhanced recovery and high patient satisfaction without increasing the rate of complications. The fast-track surgery concept with implementation of local anesthetic techniques should be given serious consideration in gynecomastia management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinguang He
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai 9th People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiafei Yang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai 9th People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Tingting Dai
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai 9th People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiao Wei
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai 9th People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Ngô B, Barry L, Bonte A, Belkhou A, Calibre C, Pasquesoone L, Guerreschi P, Duquennoy-Martinot V. [Gynécomastia. Management of diagnosis and therapy. Apropos of 148 cases]. ANN CHIR PLAST ESTH 2022; 67:382-392. [PMID: 36058764 DOI: 10.1016/j.anplas.2022.07.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Gynecomastia is the most frequently breast lesion in males. 148 patients (mean age 24,7 years) operated in our department were reviewed with a mean follow-up of five years. Gynecomastia occurred most frequently during puberty (77,7 %), was bilateral (86,5%) and idiopathic (89,9%). The size of the enlargement was evaluated according to Simon's-classification based on breast-volume and skin-redundancy. 17 (11,5%) stage 1, 77 (52%) stage 2A, 32 (21,6%) stage 2B, 22 (14,9%) stage 3. Clinical examination and mammography determined the consistency of gynecomastia: adipose or firm. 4 different surgical managements were used: 17 (11,5%) subcutaneous mastectomies, 4 (2,7%) liposuctions, 110 (74,3%) liposuctions associated with subcutaneous mastectomy, 17 (11,5%) total mastectomy. All techniques gave good morphologic results. Nonetheless, the authors recommend the combination «liposuction and subcutaneous mastectomy», as this technique presents many advantages: small intraoperative blood loss, good skin redraping, short hospital stay, complete histologic examination of the material removed.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Ngô
- Service de chirurgie plastique, reconstructrice et esthétique, hôpital Roger-Salengro, CHU de Lille, rue Émile Laine, 59037 Lille Cedex, France.
| | - L Barry
- Service de chirurgie plastique, reconstructrice et esthétique, hôpital Roger-Salengro, CHU de Lille, rue Émile Laine, 59037 Lille Cedex, France
| | - A Bonte
- Service de chirurgie plastique, reconstructrice et esthétique, hôpital Roger-Salengro, CHU de Lille, rue Émile Laine, 59037 Lille Cedex, France
| | - A Belkhou
- Service de chirurgie plastique, reconstructrice et esthétique, hôpital Roger-Salengro, CHU de Lille, rue Émile Laine, 59037 Lille Cedex, France
| | - C Calibre
- Service de chirurgie plastique, reconstructrice et esthétique, hôpital Roger-Salengro, CHU de Lille, rue Émile Laine, 59037 Lille Cedex, France
| | - L Pasquesoone
- Service de chirurgie plastique, reconstructrice et esthétique, hôpital Roger-Salengro, CHU de Lille, rue Émile Laine, 59037 Lille Cedex, France
| | - P Guerreschi
- Service de chirurgie plastique, reconstructrice et esthétique, hôpital Roger-Salengro, CHU de Lille, rue Émile Laine, 59037 Lille Cedex, France
| | - V Duquennoy-Martinot
- Service de chirurgie plastique, reconstructrice et esthétique, hôpital Roger-Salengro, CHU de Lille, rue Émile Laine, 59037 Lille Cedex, France
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Innocenti A, Melita D, Dreassi E. Incidence of Complications for Different Approaches in Gynecomastia Correction: A Systematic Review of the Literature. Aesthetic Plast Surg 2022; 46:1025-1041. [PMID: 35138423 PMCID: PMC9411245 DOI: 10.1007/s00266-022-02782-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Background Gynecomastia is nowadays a very common disease, affecting a large cohort of patients with different ages. The aim of this literature review is to assess the incidence of complications with all proposed techniques and for combined procedures versus single approach procedures in gynecomastia correction. Materials and Methods A systematic review of the literature was performed to identify all reported techniques for gynecomastia correction covering a period from January 1, 1987 to November 1, 2020. For all selected papers, demographic data, proposed technique, and complications’ incidence have been recorded. Results A total number of 3970 results was obtained from database analysis. A final total number of 94 articles was obtained for 7294 patients analyzed. Patients have been divided into three groups: aspiration techniques, consisting in 874 patients (11,98%), surgical excision techniques, consisting in 2764 patients (37,90%), and combined techniques, consisting in 3656 patients (50,12%). Complications have been recorded for all groups, for a total number of 1407, of which 130 among “Aspiration techniques” group (14,87%), 847 among “Surgical excision techniques” group (30,64%), and 430 in “Combined techniques” group (11,76%). Conclusions Several techniques have been proposed in the literature to address gynecomastia, with the potential to greatly improve self-confidence and overall appearance of affected patients. The combined use of surgical excision and aspiration techniques seems to reduce the rate of complications compared to surgical excision alone, but the lack of unique classification and the presence of several surgical techniques still represents a bias in the literature review. Level of Evidence III This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266.
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Innocenti A, Melita D, Innocenti M. Gynecomastia and Chest Masculinization: An Updated Comprehensive Reconstructive Algorithm. Aesthetic Plast Surg 2021; 45:2118-2126. [PMID: 33939025 DOI: 10.1007/s00266-021-02275-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 03/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gynecomastia is a common finding in males. Clinical aspect varies widely in world populations showing peculiar hallmarks according to different body shapes reflecting personal expectations; therefore, a surgical plan must be tailored on individual basis to all type of patients. MATERIALS AND METHOD A total of 522 patients, treated for bilateral gynecomastia from January 2007 to January 2019, were included and reviewed in this retrospective study. Considering physical status BMI, muscular trophism, hypertrophy of the mammary region, nipple-areola disorder, gland and skin cover consistency, a four-tier classification system has been used to classify the deformity and to assess a surgical plan. In all cases, a subcutaneous mastectomy was performed under direct vision. RESULTS No recurrence of the deformity was observed as well as major complications such as necrosis, and high level of satisfaction was observed in all groups. No breast cancer was found at the histological examinations Operative time ranged from 25 minutes up to 120 minutes and hospitalization time ranged from 1 to 3 days. CONCLUSION Since the physical status is strictly related to the clinical features of the disorder, a comprehensive classification system and a reconstructive algorithm are proposed. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE IV This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine ratings, please refer to the Table of Contents or the online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Innocenti
- Plastic and Reconstructive Microsurgery, Careggi University Hospital, Viale Giacomo Matteotti 42, 50132, Florence, Italy.
| | - Dario Melita
- Plastic and Reconstructive Microsurgery, Careggi University Hospital, Viale Giacomo Matteotti 42, 50132, Florence, Italy
| | - Marco Innocenti
- Plastic and Reconstructive Microsurgery, Careggi University Hospital, Viale Giacomo Matteotti 42, 50132, Florence, Italy
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Cogliandro A, Ciarrocchi S, Barone M, Persichetti P. Reply to: An Alternative Treatment of Pseudogynecomastia in Male Patients After Massive Weight Loss. Aesthetic Plast Surg 2021; 46:98-99. [PMID: 34100994 DOI: 10.1007/s00266-021-02390-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Level of Evidence V This journal requires that authors assign a level of evidence to each article. For a full description of these Evidence-Based Medicine Ratings, please refer to Table of Contents or online Instructions to Authors www.springer.com/00266 .
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Reply. Plast Reconstr Surg 2019; 144:325e. [DOI: 10.1097/prs.0000000000005820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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12
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Innovative Technique to Improve Chest Shape following Gynecomastia Correction in Post-Bariatric Surgery Patients. Plast Reconstr Surg 2019; 144:324e-325e. [PMID: 31348385 DOI: 10.1097/prs.0000000000005819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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13
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Evaluation of Glandular Liposculpture as a Single Treatment for Grades I and II Gynecomastia. Aesthetic Plast Surg 2019; 43:546-547. [PMID: 30483934 DOI: 10.1007/s00266-018-1274-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2018] [Accepted: 11/10/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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