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Moussa N, Sielezneff I, Sapoval M, Tradi F, Del Giudice C, Fathallah N, Pellerin O, Amouyal G, Pereira H, de Parades V, Vidal V. Embolization of the superior rectal arteries for chronic bleeding due to haemorrhoidal disease. Colorectal Dis 2017; 19:194-199. [PMID: 27338153 DOI: 10.1111/codi.13430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2015] [Accepted: 03/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
AIM The aim of this study was to assess the safety and efficacy of the emborrhoid technique (embolization of the superior haemorrhoidal arteries) in patients ineligible for surgery. METHODS Between January 2014 and April 2015, 30 consecutive patients (average age 58 years) suffering from disabling chronic bleeding due to haemorrhoidal disease and with a contraindication for surgery (n = 23) or with a failure of instrumental or surgical treatment (n = 7) underwent embolization. All cases were discussed at multidisciplinary meetings including a proctology specialist or a surgeon and an interventional radiologist. We performed super selective micro coil embolization (pushable 2-3 mm fibre coils) of the distal branches of the superior rectal arteries with a microcatheter, via a right femoral approach, under local anaesthesia. We assessed clinical outcome by evaluating bleeding and specific clinical scores relating to bleeding and changes in quality of life. RESULTS Immediate technical success, with no complication, was achieved in 93% of cases. A mean of 3.1 arteries per patient was embolized, with a mean of 7.6 coils per patient. Median follow-up was 5 months. Clinical score improvement was observed in 72%, in 17 patients after a single embolization session, and in four additional patients after a second embolization session. No improvement in bleeding was observed in eight patients (28%). CONCLUSION Distal coil embolization of the superior rectal arteries for disabling chronic bleeding due to haemorrhoidal disease is safe and effective in patients untreatable by surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Moussa
- Sorbonne Paris Cité, Medicine Faculty, Paris Descartes University, Paris, France.,Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Interventional Radiology Department, Georges Pompidou European Hospital, Paris, France
| | - I Sielezneff
- Department of Digestive and General Surgery, La Timone Hospital, Marseille, France.,Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France.,INSERM, UMR-S 1076 VRCM (Vascular Research Centre of Marseille), Marseille, France
| | - M Sapoval
- Sorbonne Paris Cité, Medicine Faculty, Paris Descartes University, Paris, France.,Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Interventional Radiology Department, Georges Pompidou European Hospital, Paris, France.,INSERM U970, Paris, France
| | - F Tradi
- Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France.,Department of Radiology, La Timone Hospital, Marseille, France
| | - C Del Giudice
- Sorbonne Paris Cité, Medicine Faculty, Paris Descartes University, Paris, France.,Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Interventional Radiology Department, Georges Pompidou European Hospital, Paris, France
| | - N Fathallah
- Sorbonne Paris Cité, Medicine Faculty, Paris Descartes University, Paris, France.,Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Georges Pompidou European Hospital, Gastro-enterology Department, Paris, France
| | - O Pellerin
- Sorbonne Paris Cité, Medicine Faculty, Paris Descartes University, Paris, France.,Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Interventional Radiology Department, Georges Pompidou European Hospital, Paris, France.,INSERM U970, Paris, France
| | - G Amouyal
- Sorbonne Paris Cité, Medicine Faculty, Paris Descartes University, Paris, France.,Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Interventional Radiology Department, Georges Pompidou European Hospital, Paris, France
| | - H Pereira
- Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Georges Pompidou European Hospital, Unité d'Épidémiologie et de Recherche Clinique, Paris, France.,INSERM, Centre d'Investigation Clinique 1418, Module d'Épidémiologie Clinique, Paris, France
| | - V de Parades
- Department of Proctology, Saint Joseph Hospital, Paris, France
| | - V Vidal
- Aix-Marseille University, Marseille, France.,Department of Radiology, La Timone Hospital, Marseille, France
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Zakharchenko A, Kaitoukov Y, Vinnik Y, Tradi F, Sapoval M, Sielezneff I, Galkin E, Vidal V. Safety and efficacy of superior rectal artery embolization with particles and metallic coils for the treatment of hemorrhoids (Emborrhoid technique). Diagn Interv Imaging 2016; 97:1079-1084. [PMID: 27597728 DOI: 10.1016/j.diii.2016.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2016] [Revised: 06/23/2016] [Accepted: 08/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to comprehensively evaluate the short-term outcomes after percutaneous embolization of the superior rectal artery (SRA) with metallic coils and particles for the management of hemorrhoids. MATERIALS AND METHODS Forty patients (15 men, 25 women) with a mean age of 35±5 years (SD) (range: 25-65 years) were prospectively enrolled. All patients had symptomatic hemorrhoids. The distribution of internal hemorrhoids was as follows: grade I (n=6, 16%); grade II (n=28, 69%) and grade III (n=6; 15%). All patients had percutaneous embolization of the SRA with metallic coils and synthetic polyvinyl alcohol particles. Follow-up evaluation included clinical examination, rectoscopy, histopathological analysis of rectal mucosa, duplex Doppler blood flow quantification, electromyography, sphincterometry of the anal sphincter and analysis of patient satisfaction. RESULTS No immediate complications were observed and no patients had anal pain syndrome after embolization. Hemorrhoids showed a 43% size reduction after embolization (P<0.05). Taking into account the symptom resolutions such as irritation, discomfort, bloody discharge and pain, satisfaction was observed in 5/6 (83%) patients with grade III hemorrhoids and 32/34 patients (94%) with grades I-II hemorrhoids. One month after embolization, anal sphincter contractility normalized and no changes in anal electromyography were observed. Blood flow in the hemorrhoidal plexus dropped from 109±1.2ml/min/100g (SD) before treatment to 60.2±4.4ml/min/100g (SD) (P<0.05) the day after embolization and remained unchanged one month after embolization. CONCLUSION Our study demonstrates that embolization of SRA with particle and coils does not lead to ischemia in patients with symptomatic hemorrhoids. Short-term results with regard to symptom management for hemorrhoidal disease are very encouraging and should stimulate further prospective and multicenter studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Zakharchenko
- Department of general surgery, Krasnoyarsk state medical university, Krasnoyarsk Railwey clinical hospital, Krasnoyarsk, Russia
| | - Y Kaitoukov
- Department of diagnostic radiology and radio-oncology, centre hospitalier de l'université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada
| | - Y Vinnik
- Department of general surgery, Krasnoyarsk state medical university, Krasnoyarsk Railwey clinical hospital, Krasnoyarsk, Russia
| | - F Tradi
- Department of vascular and interventional radiology, hôpital de la Timone, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - M Sapoval
- Department of interventional radiology, hôpital Georges-Pompidou, 75015 Paris, France
| | - I Sielezneff
- Department of visceral surgery, Aix-Marseille university, hôpital de la Timone, 13005 Marseille, France
| | - E Galkin
- Department of vascular surgery and interventional radiology, Siberian clinical center FMBA, Krasnoyarsk, Russia
| | - V Vidal
- Department of vascular and interventional radiology, hôpital de la Timone, 13005 Marseille, France.
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Vidal V, Sapoval M, Sielezneff Y, De Parades V, Tradi F, Louis G, Bartoli JM, Pellerin O. Emborrhoid: a new concept for the treatment of hemorrhoids with arterial embolization: the first 14 cases. Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol 2014; 38:72-8. [PMID: 25366092 DOI: 10.1007/s00270-014-1017-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2014] [Accepted: 10/09/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The 'emborrhoid' technique consists of the embolization of the hemorrhoidal arteries. The endovascular arterial occlusion is performed using coils placed in the terminal branches of the superior rectal arteries. The emborrhoid technique has been modeled after elective transanal Doppler-guided hemorrhoidal artery ligation which has been shown to be effective in hemorrhoidal disease. We report the first 14 cases of our experience with emborrhoid technique. MATERIALS AND METHODS Fourteen patients with disabling chronic rectal bleeding were treated using the emborrhoid technique (3 women, 11 men). The stage of the hemorrhoidal disease was II (10 patients), III (3), and IV (1). This treatment was decided by a multidisciplinary team (proctologist, visceral surgeon, and radiologist). Seven patients underwent previous proctological surgery. Ten patients had coagulation disorders (anticoagulants or cirrhosis). Superior rectal arteries were embolized with pushable microcoils (0.018). RESULTS Technical success of the embolization procedure was 100 %. Clinical success at 1 month was 72 % (10/14). Of the 4 patients who experienced rebleeding, two underwent additional embolization of the posterior rectal arteries with success. No pain or ischemic complications were observed in 13 patients. One patient experienced a temporary painful and edematous, perianal reaction. CONCLUSION Our case studies suggest that coil embolization of the superior rectal arteries is technically feasible, safe and well tolerated. Additional studies are needed to evaluate the efficacy of this new 'emborrhoid' technique in the management of hemorrhoidal disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Vidal
- Department of Radiology, Hôpital de la Timone, 264 rue Saint Pierre, 13385, Marseille, Cedex 05, France,
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Syed MI, Chaudhry N, Shaikh A, Morar K, Mukerjee K, Damallie E. Catheter-directed middle hemorrhoidal artery embolization for life-threatening rectal bleeding. CANADIAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY = JOURNAL CANADIEN DE GASTROENTEROLOGIE 2007; 21:117-23. [PMID: 17299617 PMCID: PMC2657672 DOI: 10.1155/2007/272641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Over the past 10 years, arteriography has become a well-established technique for the diagnosis of acute lower gastrointestinal bleeding, but not particularly for rectal bleeding. However, to the authors' knowledge, the technique of middle hemorrhoidal artery embolization has rarely been reported in the literature. In the present report, three patients with life-threatening rectal bleeding are presented, which was controlled by superselective embolization of the middle hemorrhoidal artery or selective embolization of the internal iliac artery as a last resort.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mubin I Syed
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Mercy Medical Center, Springfield, OH, USA.
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