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Case Report of Infectious Spondylitis Caused by Kytococcus sedentarius. Medicina (B Aires) 2021; 57:medicina57080797. [PMID: 34441003 PMCID: PMC8400003 DOI: 10.3390/medicina57080797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Revised: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Kytococcus species has not been considered a pathogen, but infections caused by this species are increasing. There are several cases of infections caused by Kytococcus sedentarius, but no case of infectious spondylitis has been reported yet. Case presentation: A 79-year-old female patient was hospitalized because of back pain for several months. She was diagnosed with infectious spondylitis, and K. sedentarius was cultured from the pus and specimen obtained during the surgical procedure. The patient recovered completely without recurrence after 6 months of treatment with ciprofloxacin alone for 8 weeks. Conclusion: This is the first case report of infectious spondylitis caused by K. sedentarius.
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Bakhsh ARA, Lewis KE. Unusual source of recurrent Corynebacterium bacteraemia in an immunocompromised patient. BMJ Case Rep 2021; 14:14/6/e242560. [PMID: 34116997 PMCID: PMC8201974 DOI: 10.1136/bcr-2021-242560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
We describe a unique case of a patient with acute myeloid leukaemia (AML), with recurring infections during chemotherapy from chronic nasal carriage of non-diphtherial Corynebacterium, who was eventually diagnosed as she presented with neutropaenic sepsis. Identifying (often multiple) sources of infection in immunocompromised patients is crucial but deciding whether multiple organisms, which in health are considered as commensals, are actually pathogenic during vulnerable states—can be clinically difficult. Our case highlights the efforts to correctly identify the actual source of this rare organism and the recognition of its pathogenic potential when other illnesses present. We also review the literature of Corynebacteria in patients with haematological malignancies but believe this is the first case of AML to be infected with Corynebacterium presenting during the COVID-19 pandemic with a probable incidental positive swab for SARS-CoV-2.
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Alhadlaq MA, Green J, Kudhair BK. Analysis of Kytococcus sedentarius Strain Isolated from a Dehumidifier Operating in a University Lecture Theatre: Systems for Aerobic Respiration, Resisting Osmotic Stress, and Sensing Nitric Oxide. Microb Physiol 2021; 31:135-145. [PMID: 33730718 DOI: 10.1159/000512751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
A strain of Kytococcus sedentarius was isolated from a dehumidifier operating in a university lecture theatre. Genome analysis and phenotypic characterisation showed that this strain, K. sedentarius MBB13, was a moderately halotolerant aerobe with a branched aerobic electron transport chain and genes that could contribute to erythromycin resistance. The major compatible solute was glycine betaine, with ectoine and proline being deployed at higher osmolarities. Actinobacteria possess multiple WhiB-like (Wbl) regulatory proteins, and K. sedentarius MBB13 has four (WhiB1, WhiB2, WhiB3, and WhiB7). Wbls are iron-sulfur proteins that regulate gene expression through interactions with RNA polymerase sigma factors and/or other regulatory proteins. Bacterial two-hybrid analyses suggested that WhiB1 and WhiB2, but not WhiB3 and WhiB7, interact with the C-terminal domain of the major sigma factor, σA; no interaction was detected between any of the Wbl proteins and the only alternative sigma factors, σB, σH, or σJ. The interaction between σA and WhiB1 or WhiB2 was disrupted in a heterologous system under growth conditions that produce nitric oxide and the iron-sulfur clusters of the isolated WhiB1 and WhiB2 proteins reacted with nitric oxide. Thus, K. sedentarius strain exhibits the major phenotypic characteristics of the type strain and a comprehensive examination of the interactions between its four Wbl proteins and four sigma factors suggested that the Wbl proteins all operate through interaction with σA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meshari Ahmed Alhadlaq
- Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom, .,Research and Laboratories Sector, Saudi Food and Drug Authority, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia,
| | - Jeffrey Green
- Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, United Kingdom
| | - Bassam K Kudhair
- Department of Laboratory Investigations, Faculty of Science, University of Kufa, Najaf, Iraq
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Viegas C, Dias M, Monteiro A, Faria T, Lage J, Carolino E, Caetano LA, Gomes AQ, Almeida SM, Verde SC, Belo J, Canha N. Bioburden in sleeping environments from Portuguese dwellings. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 273:116417. [PMID: 33465652 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.116417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Revised: 12/20/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
A wider characterization of indoor air quality during sleep is still lacking in the literature. This study intends to assess bioburden before and after sleeping periods in Portuguese dwellings through active methods (air sampling) coupled with passive methods, such as electrostatic dust cloths (EDC); and investigate associations between before and after sleeping and bioburden. In addition, and driven by the lack of information regarding fungi azole-resistance in Portuguese dwellings, a screening with supplemented media was also performed. The most prevalent genera of airborne bacteria identified in the indoor air of the bedrooms were Micrococcus (41%), Staphylococcus (15%) and Neisseria (9%). The major indoor bacterial species isolated in all ten studied bedrooms were Micrococcus luteus (30%), Staphylococcus aureus (13%) and Micrococcus varians (11%). Our results highlight that our bodies are the source of the majority of the bacteria found in the indoor air of our homes. Regarding air fungal contamination, Chrysosporium spp. presented the highest prevalence both in after the sleeping period (40.8%) and before the sleeping period (28.8%) followed by Penicillium spp. (23.47% morning; 23.6% night) and Chrysonilia spp. (12.4% morning; 20.3% night). Several Aspergillus sections were identified in air and EDC samples. However, none of the fungal species/strains (Aspergillus sections Fumigati, Flavi, Nidulantes and Circumdati) were amplified by qPCR in the analyzed EDC. The correlations observed suggest reduced susceptibility to antifungal drugs of some fungal species found in sleeping environments. Toxigenic fungal species and indicators of harmful fungal contamination were observed in sleeping environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Viegas
- H&TRC- Health & Technology Research Center, ESTeSL- Escola Superior de Tecnologia da Saúde, Instituto Politécnico de, Lisboa, Portugal; NOVA National School of Public Health, Public Health Research Centre, Universidade NOVA de, Lisboa, Portugal; Comprehensive Health Research Center (CHRC), Portugal.
| | - Marta Dias
- H&TRC- Health & Technology Research Center, ESTeSL- Escola Superior de Tecnologia da Saúde, Instituto Politécnico de, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Ana Monteiro
- H&TRC- Health & Technology Research Center, ESTeSL- Escola Superior de Tecnologia da Saúde, Instituto Politécnico de, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Tiago Faria
- Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Nucleares, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Estrada Nacional 10, 2695-066, Bobadela-LRS, Portugal
| | - Joana Lage
- Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Nucleares, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Estrada Nacional 10, 2695-066, Bobadela-LRS, Portugal
| | - Elisabete Carolino
- H&TRC- Health & Technology Research Center, ESTeSL- Escola Superior de Tecnologia da Saúde, Instituto Politécnico de, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Liliana Aranha Caetano
- H&TRC- Health & Technology Research Center, ESTeSL- Escola Superior de Tecnologia da Saúde, Instituto Politécnico de, Lisboa, Portugal; Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Anita Quintal Gomes
- H&TRC- Health & Technology Research Center, ESTeSL- Escola Superior de Tecnologia da Saúde, Instituto Politécnico de, Lisboa, Portugal; University of Lisbon Institute of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Susana Marta Almeida
- Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Nucleares, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Estrada Nacional 10, 2695-066, Bobadela-LRS, Portugal
| | - Sandra Cabo Verde
- Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Nucleares, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Estrada Nacional 10, 2695-066, Bobadela-LRS, Portugal
| | - Joana Belo
- H&TRC- Health & Technology Research Center, ESTeSL- Escola Superior de Tecnologia da Saúde, Instituto Politécnico de, Lisboa, Portugal; Integrated Pathophysiological Mechanisms Research Group (CEDOC) - NMS-UNL, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Nuno Canha
- Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Nucleares, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Estrada Nacional 10, 2695-066, Bobadela-LRS, Portugal; Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, Department of Environment and Planning, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal
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Olofsson TC, Vàsquez A. Hospital Delivery Room versus Outdoor Birthing Place: Differences in Airborne Microorganisms and Their Impact on the Infant. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.4236/ojmm.2013.31005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Dainese L, Saccu C, Zoli S, Trabattoni P, Guarino A, Cavallero A, Spirito R. Vascular Homograft Use in a Femoropopliteal Rare Bacterial Infection Bypass. Int J Artif Organs 2012. [DOI: 10.1177/039139881203501206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
We report on a patient with a femoropopliteal bypass infected by Kytococcus sedentarius. Treatment consisted of resection of the infected prosthesis with homograft substitution and antibiotic therapy started postoperatively At 6 months followup, the patient showed no signs of infection and results of laboratory findings were normal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Dainese
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, University of Milan, Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, Milan - Italy
- Cardiovascular Tissue Bank of Milan, Centro Cardiologico Monzino, IRCCS, Milano - Italy
| | - Claudio Saccu
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, University of Milan, Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, Milan - Italy
| | - Stefano Zoli
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, University of Milan, Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, Milan - Italy
| | - Piero Trabattoni
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, University of Milan, Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, Milan - Italy
| | - Anna Guarino
- Cardiovascular Tissue Bank of Milan, Centro Cardiologico Monzino, IRCCS, Milano - Italy
| | - Annalisa Cavallero
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, University of Milan, Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, Milan - Italy
| | - Rita Spirito
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, University of Milan, Centro Cardiologico Monzino IRCCS, Milan - Italy
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Hodiamont CJ, Huisman C, Spanjaard L, van Ketel RJ. Kytococcus schroeteri pneumonia in two patients with a hematological malignancy. Infection 2010; 38:138-40. [PMID: 20213285 DOI: 10.1007/s15010-009-9295-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2009] [Accepted: 10/28/2009] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Neutropenic patients are susceptible to infections with usually harmless microorganisms. We report two cases of severe pneumonia in hematological patients due to Kytococcus schroeteri, a saprophyte of the human skin. When blood cultures or respiratory specimens yield micrococcus-like colonies, Kytococcus species, which are often resistant to penicillin, should be considered and the antimicrobial therapy should be adjusted accordingly.
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Affiliation(s)
- C J Hodiamont
- Dept. of Medical Microbiology, Room L1-245, Center for Infection and Immunity Amsterdam (CINIMA), Academic Medical Center, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
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Chaudhary D, Finkle S. Peritoneal Dialysis-Associated Peritonitis Due to Kytococcus Sedentarius. Perit Dial Int 2010; 30:252-3. [DOI: 10.3747/pdi.2009.00086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- D. Chaudhary
- Department of Medicine QE2 Health Sciences Centre Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - S.N. Finkle
- Dalhousie University Department of Nephrology QE2 Health Sciences Centre Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
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Sims D, Brettin T, Detter JC, Han C, Lapidus A, Copeland A, Glavina Del Rio T, Nolan M, Chen F, Lucas S, Tice H, Cheng JF, Bruce D, Goodwin L, Pitluck S, Ovchinnikova G, Pati A, Ivanova N, Mavrommatis K, Chen A, Palaniappan K, D'haeseleer P, Chain P, Bristow J, Eisen JA, Markowitz V, Hugenholtz P, Schneider S, Göker M, Pukall R, Kyrpides NC, Klenk HP. Complete genome sequence of Kytococcus sedentarius type strain (541). Stand Genomic Sci 2009; 1:12-20. [PMID: 21304632 PMCID: PMC3035214 DOI: 10.4056/sigs.761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Kytococcus sedentarius (ZoBell and Upham 1944) Stackebrandt et al. 1995 is the type strain of the species, and is of phylogenetic interest because of its location in the Dermacoccaceae, a poorly studied family within the actinobacterial suborder Micrococcineae. Kytococcus sedentarius is known for the production of oligoketide antibiotics as well as for its role as an opportunistic pathogen causing valve endocarditis, hemorrhagic pneumonia, and pitted keratolysis. It is strictly aerobic and can only grow when several amino acids are provided in the medium. The strain described in this report is a free-living, nonmotile, Gram-positive bacterium, originally isolated from a marine environment. Here we describe the features of this organism, together with the complete genome sequence, and annotation. This is the first complete genome sequence of a member of the family Dermacoccaceae and the 2,785,024 bp long single replicon genome with its 2639 protein-coding and 64 RNA genes is part of the Genomic Encyclopedia of Bacteria and Archaea project.
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Jourdain S, Miendje Deyi VY, Musampa K, Wauters G, Denis O, Lepage P, Vergison A. Kytococcus schroeteri infection of a ventriculoperitoneal shunt in a child. Int J Infect Dis 2008; 13:e153-5. [PMID: 19010078 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2008.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2008] [Revised: 09/02/2008] [Accepted: 09/04/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Kytococcus schroeteri is a newly described micrococcal species and, to date, has been associated mostly with endocarditis. Six infections attributable to this opportunistic pathogen have been described since 2002, when the first case was identified. We describe here the first pediatric case of a K. schroeteri ventriculoperitoneal shunt infection. The child was successfully treated with a combination of rifampin and vancomycin and shunt replacement. Initially identified as a Micrococcus spp. by both automated identification and conventional biochemical testing, sequencing of the 16S ribosomal RNA gene enabled accurate identification of the organism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Jourdain
- Infectious Diseases and Infection Control Unit, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Hôpital Universitaire des Enfants Reine Fabiola, Brussels, Belgium.
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Kocuria rhizophila adds to the emerging spectrum of micrococcal species involved in human infections. J Clin Microbiol 2008; 46:3537-9. [PMID: 18614658 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.00823-08] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
We describe the first case of a Kocuria rhizophila infection in a boy with methylmalonic aciduria. A single clone was isolated from blood samples drawn through a port system and from peripheral veins during septic episodes within a 2-year period. K. rhizophila expands the emerging number of "micrococci" considered to be etiologically relevant.
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