1
|
Lachi-Silva L, Barth AB, Santos GML, Ahamadi M, Bruschi ML, Kimura E, de Araújo BV, Diniz A. Population pharmacokinetics of orally administrated bromopride: Focus on the absorption process. Eur J Pharm Sci 2020; 142:105081. [PMID: 31669384 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2019.105081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Revised: 08/26/2019] [Accepted: 09/17/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Bromopride is a prokinetic and antiemetic drug used to treat nausea and vomiting. Although its prescription is common in Brazil, there is a lack of studies about bromopride pharmacokinetics. Therefore, the aims of this study were to investigate the population pharmacokinetics of bromopride and to evaluate the influence of covariates on its absorption. This study is a retrospective analysis of data collected from bioequivalence studies. The data was modeled using MONOLIX 2018R2. Assuming one-compartment and linear elimination, the absorption phase was evaluated with different structural models. The model of sequential first- and zero-order with combined error and exponential inter-individual variability in all parameters best described the atypical absorption profile of bromopride. Population estimates were first-order absorption rate (ka) of 0.08 h - 1, fraction of dose absorbed by first-order (Fr) of 32.60%, duration of the zero-order absorption (Tk0) of 0.88 h with latency time (Tlag) of 0.47 h, volume of distribution of 230 l and clearance of 46.80 l h - 1. Bodyweight affects Tk0, dosage form was found to correlate with Tk0 and Tlag, while gender affects Tlag. However, simulations evaluating the clinical importance of these covariates on steady-state indicated minimal changes on bromopride exposure. The mixed absorption model was reasonable to describe the absorption process of bromopride because it had the flexibility to fit multiple-peaks profile and shows good agreement with physicochemical properties of drug.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Larissa Lachi-Silva
- Pharmacokinetics and Biopharmaceutical Laboratory (PKBio), Pharmacy Departament, State University of Maringa, Maringá-PR, Brazil
| | - Aline B Barth
- Pharmacokinetics and Biopharmaceutical Laboratory (PKBio), Pharmacy Departament, State University of Maringa, Maringá-PR, Brazil
| | | | - Malidi Ahamadi
- Pharmacokinetics and Biopharmaceutical Laboratory (PKBio), Pharmacy Departament, State University of Maringa, Maringá-PR, Brazil
| | - Marcos Luciano Bruschi
- Laboratory of Research and Development of Drug Delivery System (LABSLiF), Pharmacy Department, State University of Maringa, Maringá-PR, Brazil
| | - Elza Kimura
- Clinical Research and Bioequivalence Center (NPC-BIO), University Hospital, State University of Maringa, Maringá-PR, Brazil
| | - Bibiana Verlindo de Araújo
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Graduate Program, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre-RS, Brazil
| | - Andréa Diniz
- Pharmacokinetics and Biopharmaceutical Laboratory (PKBio), Pharmacy Departament, State University of Maringa, Maringá-PR, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Bardhi E, Marchetti C, Scopelliti A, Musacchio L, Tomao F, Schiavi M, Carraro C, Palaia I, Monti M, Muzii L, Benedetti Panici P. Etirinotecan pegol in women with recurrent platinum-resistant or refractory ovarian cancer. Expert Opin Investig Drugs 2019; 28:667-673. [PMID: 31353973 DOI: 10.1080/13543784.2019.1648430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: A PEGylated form of irinotecan, a topoisomerase I inhibitor, is now available in commerce; its safety and efficacy have been tested in platinum resistant/refractory ovarian cancer (PROC) patients. This novel agent is known as Etirinotecan Pegol (EP). EP, like irinotecan, exerts its action through its principal metabolite SN-38. Areas covered: This drug evaluation article focuses on the most recent investigations and clinical progress regarding EP, a long-acting polymer conjugate of irinotecan for the treatment of PROC. Expert opinion: EP provides prolonged and continuous exposure of SN-38 in tumors, when compared to its parent drug irinotecan. Results from phase II studies are comparable in terms of efficacy to other agents of proven use in PROC. A limitation of the use of EP is the schedule-dependent toxicities (mainly diarrhea and dehydration). In the future, EP could be investigated in association with other agents, even in attempts to restore sensitivity to other treatments. PROC remains a very difficult setting and EP might be a valid agent for patients with good performance status that have exhausted therapeutic options. In such a setting, participation in clinical trials is strongly encouraged.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Erlisa Bardhi
- a Department of Maternal and Child Health and Urological Sciences, "Sapienza" University of Rome , Policlinico Umberto I, Rome , Italy
| | - Claudia Marchetti
- a Department of Maternal and Child Health and Urological Sciences, "Sapienza" University of Rome , Policlinico Umberto I, Rome , Italy.,b Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS , Rome , Italy
| | - Annalisa Scopelliti
- a Department of Maternal and Child Health and Urological Sciences, "Sapienza" University of Rome , Policlinico Umberto I, Rome , Italy
| | - Lucia Musacchio
- a Department of Maternal and Child Health and Urological Sciences, "Sapienza" University of Rome , Policlinico Umberto I, Rome , Italy
| | - Federica Tomao
- a Department of Maternal and Child Health and Urological Sciences, "Sapienza" University of Rome , Policlinico Umberto I, Rome , Italy
| | - Michele Schiavi
- a Department of Maternal and Child Health and Urological Sciences, "Sapienza" University of Rome , Policlinico Umberto I, Rome , Italy
| | - Carlo Carraro
- a Department of Maternal and Child Health and Urological Sciences, "Sapienza" University of Rome , Policlinico Umberto I, Rome , Italy
| | - Innocenza Palaia
- a Department of Maternal and Child Health and Urological Sciences, "Sapienza" University of Rome , Policlinico Umberto I, Rome , Italy
| | - Marco Monti
- a Department of Maternal and Child Health and Urological Sciences, "Sapienza" University of Rome , Policlinico Umberto I, Rome , Italy
| | - Ludovico Muzii
- a Department of Maternal and Child Health and Urological Sciences, "Sapienza" University of Rome , Policlinico Umberto I, Rome , Italy
| | - Pierluigi Benedetti Panici
- a Department of Maternal and Child Health and Urological Sciences, "Sapienza" University of Rome , Policlinico Umberto I, Rome , Italy
| |
Collapse
|