1
|
Ren D, Cui Y, Hu H, Xu Q, Rao Y, Yu X, Zhang Y, Wang Y, Peng Y, Zeng D, Hu J, Zhang G, Gao Z, Zhu L, Chen G, Shen L, Zhang Q, Guo L, Qian Q. AH2 encodes a MYB domain protein that determines hull fate and affects grain yield and quality in rice. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2019; 100:813-824. [PMID: 31357245 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.14481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2019] [Revised: 07/03/2019] [Accepted: 07/19/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The palea and lemma (hull) are grass-specific organs, and determine grain size and quality. In the study, AH2 encodes a MYB domain protein, and functions in the development of hull and grain. Mutation of AH2 produces smaller grains and alters grain quality including decreased amylose content and gel consistency, and increased protein content. Meantime, part of the hull lost the outer silicified cells, and induces a transformation of the outer rough epidermis to inner smooth epidermis cells, and the body of the palea was reduced in the ah2 mutant. We confirmed the function of AH2 by complementation, CRISPR-Cas9, and cytological and molecular tests. Additionally, AH2, as a repressor, repress transcription of the downstream genes. Our results revealed that AH2 plays an important role in the determination of hull epidermis development, palea identity, and grain size.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Deyong Ren
- State Key Lab of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, 310006, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanjiang Cui
- State Key Lab of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, 310006, People's Republic of China
| | - Haitao Hu
- State Key Lab of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, 310006, People's Republic of China
- College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, 321004, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiankun Xu
- State Key Lab of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, 310006, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuchun Rao
- College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, 321004, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoqi Yu
- State Key Lab of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, 310006, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Zhang
- State Key Lab of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, 310006, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuexing Wang
- State Key Lab of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, 310006, People's Republic of China
| | - Youlin Peng
- Rice Research Institute, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang, 621010, People's Republic of China
| | - Dali Zeng
- State Key Lab of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, 310006, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiang Hu
- State Key Lab of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, 310006, People's Republic of China
| | - Guangheng Zhang
- State Key Lab of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, 310006, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenyu Gao
- State Key Lab of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, 310006, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Zhu
- State Key Lab of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, 310006, People's Republic of China
| | - Guang Chen
- State Key Lab of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, 310006, People's Republic of China
| | - Lan Shen
- State Key Lab of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, 310006, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- State Key Lab of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, 310006, People's Republic of China
| | - Longbiao Guo
- State Key Lab of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, 310006, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Qian
- State Key Lab of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, 310006, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Li Y, Zeng X, Zhuang H, Chen H, Zhang T, Zhang J, Zheng H, Tang J, Wang H, Ren S, Ling Y, He G. Characterization and fine mapping of nonstop glumes 2 ( nsg2) mutant in rice ( Oryza sativa L.). PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY (TOKYO, JAPAN) 2019; 36:125-134. [PMID: 31768114 PMCID: PMC6854344 DOI: 10.5511/plantbiotechnology.19.0506a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2018] [Accepted: 05/06/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In cereal crops, the grain number per panicle and the grain yield are greatly affected by the number of florets in a spikelet. In wild-type rice, a spikelet only produces one fertile floret and beneath the floret are a pair of sterile lemmas and a pair of rudimentary glumes. This study characterized a rice spikelet mutant nonstop glumes 2 (nsg2). In the nsg2 mutant, both the sterile lemmas and rudimentary glumes were elongated, and part of sterile lemma looked like a lemma in appearance, shape and size. Detailed histological analysis and qPCR analysis revealed that the sterile lemmas in the nsg2 mutant had homeotically transformed into lemma-like organs. This phenotype indicates that NSG2 is involved in the regulation of spikelet development and supports the long-held view that sterile lemmas were derived from the lemmas of the two lateral florets. This implies that the rice spikelet has the potential to be restored to the "three florets spikelet", which may have existed in its ancestors. Genetic analysis reveals that the nsg2 trait is controlled by a single recessive gene. The NSG2 gene was finally mapped between markers R-20 and R-39 on chromosome 7 with a physical region of 180 kb. The two MYB family factors LOC_Os07g44030 and LOC_Os07g44090 might be involved in the development of the spikelet and floral organ, and they were considered as candidate genes of NSG2. These results provide a foundation for map-based cloning and function analysis of NSG2, as well as evidence to support "three-florets spikelet" breeding in rice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yunfeng Li
- Rice Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Application and Safety Control of Genetically Modified Crops, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Xiaoqin Zeng
- Rice Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Application and Safety Control of Genetically Modified Crops, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Hui Zhuang
- Rice Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Application and Safety Control of Genetically Modified Crops, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Huan Chen
- Rice Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Application and Safety Control of Genetically Modified Crops, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Ting Zhang
- Rice Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Application and Safety Control of Genetically Modified Crops, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- Rice Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Application and Safety Control of Genetically Modified Crops, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Hao Zheng
- Rice Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Application and Safety Control of Genetically Modified Crops, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Jun Tang
- Rice Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Application and Safety Control of Genetically Modified Crops, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Honglei Wang
- Rice Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Application and Safety Control of Genetically Modified Crops, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Suxian Ren
- Rice Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Application and Safety Control of Genetically Modified Crops, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Yinghua Ling
- Rice Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Application and Safety Control of Genetically Modified Crops, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Guanghua He
- Rice Research Institute, Key Laboratory of Application and Safety Control of Genetically Modified Crops, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Yang Z, Zhang Y, Sun L, Zhang P, Liu L, Yu P, Xuan D, Xiang X, Wu W, Cao L, Cheng S. Identification of cyp703a3-3 and analysis of regulatory role of CYP703A3 in rice anther cuticle and pollen exine development. Gene 2018; 649:63-73. [PMID: 29355682 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2018.01.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2017] [Revised: 01/10/2018] [Accepted: 01/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Anther cuticle and pollen exine are two elaborated lipid-soluble barriers protecting pollen grains from environmental and biological stresses. However, less is known about the mechanisms underlying the synthesis of these lipidic polymers. Here, we identified a no-pollen male-sterility mutant cyp703a3-3 from the indica restorer line Zhonghui 8015 (Zh8015) mutant library treated with 60Coγ-ray radiation. Histological analysis indicated that cyp703a3-3 underwent abnormal tapetal cells development, produced few orbicules and secreted less sporopollenin precursors to anther locule, as well as cutin monomers on anther. Genetic analysis revealed that cyp703a3-3 was controlled by a single recessive gene. Map-based cloning was performed to narrow down the mutant gene to a 47.78-kb interval on the chromosome 8 between two markers S15-29 and S15-30. Sequence analysis detected three bases (GAA) deletion in the first exon of LOC_Os08g03682, annotated as CYP703A3 with homologous sequences related to male sterility in Arabidopsis, causing the Asparagine deletion in the mutant site. Moreover, we transformed genomic fragment of CYP703A3 into cyp703a3-3, which male-sterility phenotype was recovered. Both the wild-type and cyp703a3-3 mutant 3D structure of CYP703A3 protein were modeled. Results of qPCR suggested CYP703A3 mainly expressed in anthers with greatest abundance at microspore stage, and genes involved in sporopollenin precursors formation and transportation, such as GAMYB, TDR, CYP704B2, DPW2, OsABCG26 and OsABCG15, were significantly reduced in cyp703a3-3. Collectively, our results further elaborated CYP703A3 plays vital role in anther cuticle and pollen exine development in rice (Oryza sativa L.).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhengfu Yang
- Key Laboratory for Zhejiang Super Rice Research & State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, China; National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Yingxin Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Zhejiang Super Rice Research & State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Lianping Sun
- Key Laboratory for Zhejiang Super Rice Research & State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Peipei Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Zhejiang Super Rice Research & State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, China; National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Ling Liu
- Key Laboratory for Zhejiang Super Rice Research & State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Ping Yu
- Key Laboratory for Zhejiang Super Rice Research & State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Dandan Xuan
- Key Laboratory for Zhejiang Super Rice Research & State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Xiaojiao Xiang
- Key Laboratory for Zhejiang Super Rice Research & State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, China; National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Weixun Wu
- Key Laboratory for Zhejiang Super Rice Research & State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Liyong Cao
- Key Laboratory for Zhejiang Super Rice Research & State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, China.
| | - Shihua Cheng
- Key Laboratory for Zhejiang Super Rice Research & State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou 310006, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Bello MA, Ruiz-León Y, Sandoval-Sierra JV, Rezinciuc S, Diéguez-Uribeondo J. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) Protocols for Problematic Plant, Oomycete, and Fungal Samples. J Vis Exp 2017. [PMID: 28190042 DOI: 10.3791/55031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Common problems in the processing of biological samples for observations with the scanning electron microscope (SEM) include cell collapse, treatment of samples from wet microenvironments and cell destruction. Using young floral tissues, oomycete cysts, and fungi spores (Agaricales) as examples, specific protocols to process delicate samples are described here that overcome some of the main challenges in sample treatment for image capture under the SEM. Floral meristems fixed with FAA (Formalin-Acetic-Alcohol) and processed with the Critical Point Dryer (CPD) did not display collapsed cellular walls or distorted organs. These results are crucial for the reconstruction of floral development. A similar CPD-based treatment of samples from wet microenvironments, such as the glutaraldehyde-fixed oomycete cysts, is optimal to test the differential growth of diagnostic characteristics (e.g., the cyst spines) on different types of substrates. Destruction of nurse cells attached to fungi spores was avoided after rehydration, dehydration, and the CPD treatment, an important step for further functional studies of these cells. The protocols detailed here represent low-cost and rapid alternatives for the acquisition of good-quality images to reconstruct growth processes and to study diagnostic characteristics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Angélica Bello
- Biodiversity and Conservation Department, Real Jardín Botánico, CSIC;
| | | | | | - Svetlana Rezinciuc
- Division of Glycoscience, AlbaNova University Center, Royal Institute of Technology (KTH)
| | | |
Collapse
|