Accurate esophageal volume of rats: an accurate gateway to esophageal burn studies

A corrosive oesophageal burn model in rats: Double-lumen central venous catheter usage

BACKGROUND

We aimed to create a new and less invasive experimental corrosive oesophageal burn model using a catheter without a gastric puncture (gastrotomy).

MATERIALS AND METHODS

We conducted the study with two groups composed of 8 male rats. The experimental oesophageal burn was established by the application of 10% sodium hydroxide to the distal oesophagus under a pressure of 20 cmH 2 O, via 5-F double-lumen central venous catheter without a gastrotomy. The control group was given 0.9% sodium chloride. All rats were killed 24 h after administration of NaOH or 0.9% NaCl. Histologic damage to oesophageal tissue was scored by a single pathologist blind to groups.

RESULTS

The rats in the control group were observed to have no pathological changes. Corrosive oesophagitis (tissue congestion, oedema, inflammation, ulcer and necrosis) was observed in rats exposed to NaOH.

CONCLUSION

We believe that an experimental corrosive oesophageal burn can safely be created under same hydrostatic pressure without a gastric puncture using this model.

Comparison of mitomycin-c and heparin affects in experimental corrosive esophagitis on rats

OBJECTIVE

We comparative effects of mitomycin-c and heparin which have different mechanism of action in a minimal invasive corrosive esophagitis model which was formed by NaOH 40%.

METHOD

The study was performed on forty female Wistar albino rats; were divided into four equal groups each including ten animals. Group C (n=10); control, the group that esophagus was washed with normal saline, group I (n=10); injury group; alkali esophagus burn, not treated, group M (n=10); alkali esophagus burn, mitomycin-c treatment group, group H (n=10); alkali esophagus burn, heparin treatment group. The study was performed on a minimal invasive model which did not require general anesthesia and abdominal operation. In 28 day, all subjects were killed and their esophagus's were removed by thoraco-abdominal cut. Total esophagi from oropharynx to stomach were removed and they were examined macroscopically and microscopically and evaluated for esophageal tissue collagen deposition and histopathologic damage score.

RESULTS

When group C is compared with each of the other groups, statistically significant weight losses were detected; [(p<0.005, p<0.05, p<0.005), respectively]. Significant inflammation increase was detected in groups I, M and H in comparison to group C [(p<0.001, p<0, 0001, p<0.005)]. When granulation scores of groups were compared; statistically significant granulation increases were detected in groups I, M, and H [(p<0.05, p<0.05, p<0.05) compared to group C]. Significant collagen increase was detected in all 3 layers in groups; I, M and H according to group C [(p<0.05, p<0.05, p<0.05)]. Collagen increase in every 3 layers in groups M and H were significantly less according to group I [(p<0.05, p<0.05, p<0.05)]. Collagen increase in every 3 layers was less in group M than group H (p<0.05).

CONCLUSION

In corrosive esophagitis due to NaOH, heparin treatment is more effective in inflammation and granulation formation, mitomycin-c treatment is more effective in preventing the collagen accumulation step. Heparin decreases the tissue damage by preventing the inflammation and granulation formation; and prevents collagen accumulation and stricture development. As completing the effect of heparin; mitomycin prevents fibroblastic activity inhibition with direct collagen accumulation and stricture development strongly.

New experimental corrosive esophagitis model in rats

PURPOSE

Caustic esophagitis is a serious clinical problem and many agents are currently tried out in many experimental models. The model of Gehanno is the most commonly used invasive model, which is required general anesthesia and laparotomy. We aimed to form a new pratic and non-invasive model.

METHODS

Twenty rats were studied. The stomachs of the rats were reached through guidance catheter with ether anesthesia, Fogarty catheter was send in through, it was filled with pressure in the stomach. Then, Fogarty was pulled back and stomach entrance was closed. Control group was given; n = 10; 0.25 cc isotonic, injury group was given; n = 10; 0.25 cc, %40 NaOH and it was waited for 60 s. Their esophagi were examined after 28 days.

RESULTS

In the histopathologic evaluation of the control group, no pathology was discovered. Sub-mucosal collagen increase, muscularis mucosa and tunica muscularis damage have all been detected in the injury group p < 0.005; p < 0.003; p < 0.005).

CONCLUSIONS

Corrosive esophagitis was formed without general anesthesia and laparotomy. Burn was formed in the total esophagus, unlike other models in which the burn is just formed at the below end. With our less invasive, more easily applied model; treatment agents can be given just as the corrosive esophagitis can be formed.