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Lin YT, Lin LY, Chuang KJ. N terminal prohormone of brain natriuretic peptide is associated with improved heart rate recovery after treadmill exercise test. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CARDIOLOGY. CARDIOVASCULAR RISK AND PREVENTION 2023; 18:200203. [PMID: 37664165 PMCID: PMC10470307 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcrp.2023.200203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
Background Heart rate recovery (HRR) and N terminal-pro B type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) are markers for survival and cardiac function; however, Little is known about their association. Method We examined 2540 healthy subjects aged 12-49 years with data from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey(NHANES) 1999-2002. HRR parameters 1-3 min after exercise were calculated from exercise test results. Baseline characteristics, anthropometric and NT-proBNP, and other risk covariates were obtained. Result The results showed that NT-proBNP was positively correlated with HRR2(correlation coefficient (cc) = 0.042 [0.029-0.054], P < 0.001) and HRR3(cc = 0.046 [0.029-0.064], P = 0.001); with further adjustment, the associations remained significant between NT-proBNP and HRR2(cc = 0.030 [0.010-0.049], P = 0.004)/HRR3(cc = 0.029[0.004-0.054], P = 0.025). Our study also found significant correlations between NT-pro BNP and SBP(cc = -0.026 [-0.046∼-0.005], P = 0.017), DBP(cc = -0.037 [-0.062∼-0.012], P = 0.005), and total cholesterol(cc = -0.065 [-0.12∼-0.018], P = 0.009). Conclusions Our results suggest that BNP might reduce heart rate after exercise by inhibiting the sympathetic nervous system (SNS), reducing HRR2 and HRR3, as these phases involve the reduction of heart rate through cardiac sympathetic withdrawal. Moreover, the interaction of BNP on the SNS might be related to the effect of BNP on cardiovascular risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Ting Lin
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Lian-Yu Lin
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Cardiovascular Center, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taiwan
| | - Kai-Jen Chuang
- Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
- School of Public Health, College of Public Health and Nutrition, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
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2
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Zampogna E, Ambrosino N, Oliva FM, Sotgiu G, Saderi L, Cremonese G, Bellelli G, Spanevello A, Angeli F, Visca D. Heart rate recovery in adult individuals with asthma. Monaldi Arch Chest Dis 2022; 93. [PMID: 35546720 DOI: 10.4081/monaldi.2022.2265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Slow heart rate recovery (HRR) after exercise is a predictor of overall mortality in individuals with and without cardiovascular or respiratory disorders. No data on adults with asthma are available. The purpose of the study is to evaluate the prevalence of slow HRR in these individuals as compared with those with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). We performed a retrospective analysis of baseline characteristics and physiological response to the six-minute walking distance test of stable individuals with asthma or COPD. Slow HRR was defined as HRpeak - HR at 1 minute after end exercise <12 bpm. Individuals with asthma walked significantly longer (median (IQR): 455 (385-512) vs 427 (345-485) meters; p=0.005) with a lower prevalence of slow HRR (30.3% vs 49.0%, respectively: p<0.001) than those with COPD. Individuals with asthma and slow HRR were older and walked less than those with normal HRR, without any difference in airway obstruction or in disease severity. Multivariate analysis showed that only the difference HRpeak - baseline HR (∆HR), was a predictor of slow HRR in both groups. More than 30% of adult individuals with asthma may show slow HRR. Only exercise ∆HR but no baseline characteristic seems to predict the occurrence of slow HRR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabetta Zampogna
- Division of Pulmonary Rehabilitation, ICS Maugeri IRCCS, Institute of Tradate.
| | - Nicolino Ambrosino
- Division of Pulmonary Rehabilitation, ICS Maugeri IRCCS, Institute of Montescano.
| | | | - Giovanni Sotgiu
- Clinical Epidemiology and Medical Statistics Unit, Department of Medical, Surgical and Experimental Medicine, University of Sassari.
| | - Laura Saderi
- Clinical Epidemiology and Medical Statistics Unit, Department of Medical, Surgical and Experimental Medicine, University of Sassari.
| | - Gioele Cremonese
- Division of Cardiac Rehabilitation, ICS Maugeri IRCCS, Institute of Tradate.
| | - Giorgio Bellelli
- Division of Pulmonary Rehabilitation, ICS Maugeri IRCCS, Institute of Tradate.
| | - Antonio Spanevello
- Division of Pulmonary Rehabilitation, ICS Maugeri IRCCS, Institute of Tradate; Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, Varese.
| | - Fabio Angeli
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, Varese; Division of Cardiac Rehabilitation, ICS Maugeri IRCCS, Institute of Tradate.
| | - Dina Visca
- Division of Pulmonary Rehabilitation, ICS Maugeri IRCCS, Institute of Tradate; Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, Varese.
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3
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Rial-Vázquez J, Rúa-Alonso M, Fariñas J, Aracama A, Tufano J, Iglesias-Soler E. Heart Rate Responses and Cardiovascular Adaptations to Resistance Training Programs Differing in Set Configuration: A Randomized Controlled Trial. RESEARCH QUARTERLY FOR EXERCISE AND SPORT 2022:1-10. [PMID: 35394413 DOI: 10.1080/02701367.2021.2008293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Purpose: This study explored the changes in blood pressure and cardiac autonomic modulation after training programs differin in set configuration. Methods: Thirty-nine individuals were randomly assigned to a traditional, rest-redistribution, or control group. Throughout five weeks, the traditional and rest-redistribution groups performed 10 sessions of four exercises with the same load, number of repetitions, and total rest time, but with different inter-set rest duration and frequency (traditional group: 4 sets of 8 repetitions, 10 repetition maximum load, 5 min rest between sets and exercises; rest-redistribution group: 16 sets of 2 repetitions, 1 min rest between sets, 5 min rest between exercises). Heart rate and heart rate recovery were recorded during each training session, and heart rate variability, baroreflex sensitivity and effectiveness, blood pressure, and blood pressure variability were evaluated at rest bedore and after the interventions. Results: During the sessions, traditional sets entailed greater peak heart rate compared to rest-redistribution (P = .018) but mean heart rate, minimum heart rate, and heart rate recovery were similar between training programs (P >.05). Baroreflex effectiveness was reduced after the traditional intervention (P = .013). No changes were detected for the rest of the cardiovascular variables obtained at rest after intervention (P > .05). Conclusions: Despite some differences in heart rate response during exercise, neither traditional nor rest-redistribution resistance training protocols produced changes in cardiac autonomic modulation, sympathetic vasomotor tone, and cardiac baroreflex sensitivity of young healthy active individuals. However, traditional sets affected the baroreflex effectiveness.
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4
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Spectral Analysis of Muscle Hemodynamic Responses in Post-Exercise Recovery Based on Near-Infrared Spectroscopy. SENSORS 2021; 21:s21093072. [PMID: 33924973 PMCID: PMC8125689 DOI: 10.3390/s21093072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Spectral analysis of blood flow or blood volume oscillations can help to understand the regulatory mechanisms of microcirculation. This study aimed to explore the relationship between muscle hemodynamic response in the recovery period and exercise quantity. Fifteen healthy subjects were required to perform two sessions of submaximal plantarflexion exercise. The blood volume fluctuations in the gastrocnemius lateralis were recorded in three rest phases (before and after two exercise sessions) using near-infrared spectroscopy. Wavelet transform was used to analyze the total wavelet energy of the concerned frequency range (0.005–2 Hz), which were further divided into six frequency intervals corresponding to six vascular regulators. Wavelet amplitude and energy of each frequency interval were analyzed. Results showed that the total energy raised after each exercise session with a significant difference between rest phases 1 and 3. The wavelet amplitudes showed significant increases in frequency intervals I, III, IV, and V from phase 1 to 3 and in intervals III and IV from phase 2 to 3. The wavelet energy showed similar changes with the wavelet amplitude. The results demonstrate that local microvascular regulators contribute greatly to the blood volume oscillations, the activity levels of which are related to the exercise quantity.
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Park SH, Park SJ, Shin MS, Kim CK. The effects of low-pressure hyperbaric oxygen treatment before and after maximal exercise on lactate concentration, heart rate recovery, and antioxidant capacity. J Exerc Rehabil 2018; 14:980-984. [PMID: 30656158 PMCID: PMC6323322 DOI: 10.12965/jer.1836468.234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2018] [Accepted: 10/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of low-pressure hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) treatment before and after maximal exercise on lactate concentration and heart rate and antioxidant capacity. Ten healthy male college students were recruited from amateur soccer players. Subjects were performed a maximal exercise 3 times at intervals of at least 7 days according to the treatment method (control, pretreatment, posttreatment). Lactate concentration, heart rate, and antioxidant capacity were measured before, post, and after recovery 30 min of maximal exercise. The lactate concentration and heart rate of recovery 30 min was significantly lower in the low-pressure HBO treated group after the maximal exercise compared with the control group and the low-pressure HBO treated group before maximal exercise, and it could affect the removal of the fatigue substance caused by the maximal exercise. These results suggest that the low-pressure HBO treatment which is a new possibility for recovery of peripheral fatigue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si-Hwa Park
- School of Global Sport Studies, Korea University, Sejong, Korea
| | - Sung-Jin Park
- School of Global Sport Studies, Korea University, Sejong, Korea
| | - Mal-Soon Shin
- School of Global Sport Studies, Korea University, Sejong, Korea
| | - Chang-Kook Kim
- School of Global Sport Studies, Korea University, Sejong, Korea
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6
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Spring JN, Bourdillon N, Barral J. Resting EEG Microstates and Autonomic Heart Rate Variability Do Not Return to Baseline One Hour After a Submaximal Exercise. Front Neurosci 2018; 12:460. [PMID: 30042654 PMCID: PMC6048261 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2018.00460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2018] [Accepted: 06/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent findings suggest that an acute physical exercise modulates the temporal features of the EEG resting microstates, especially the microstate map C duration and relative time coverage. Microstate map C has been associated with the salience resting state network, which is mainly structured around the insula and cingulate, two brain nodes that mediate cardiovascular arousal and interoceptive awareness. Heart rate variability (HRV) is dependent on the autonomic balance; specifically, an increase in the sympathetic (or decrease in the parasympathetic) tone will decrease variability while a decrease in the sympathetic (or increase in the parasympathetic) tone will increase variability. Relying on the functional interaction between the autonomic cardiovascular activity and the salience network, this study aims to investigate the effect of exercise on the resting microstate and the possible interplay with this autonomic cardiovascular recovery after a single bout of endurance exercise. Thirty-eight young adults performed a 25-min constant-load cycling exercise at an intensity that was subjectively perceived as “hard.” The microstate temporal features and conventional time and frequency domain HRV parameters were obtained at rest for 5 min before exercise and at 5, 15, 30, 45, and 60 min after exercise. Compared to the baseline, all HRV parameters were changed 5 min after exercise cessation. The mean durations of microstate B and C, and the frequency of occurrence of microstate D were also changed immediately after exercise. A long-lasting effect was found for almost all HRV parameters and for the duration of microstate C during the hour following exercise, indicating an uncompleted recovery of the autonomic cardiovascular system and the resting microstate. The implication of an exercise-induced afferent neural traffic is discussed as a potential modulator of both the autonomic regulation of heart rate and the resting EEG microstate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jérôme N Spring
- Institute of Sport Sciences, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Nicolas Bourdillon
- Institute of Sport Sciences, Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jérôme Barral
- Institute of Sport Sciences, Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
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Schlüter K, Maier J, Patra S, Gold SM, Heesen C, Schulz KH. Aberrant peak lactate response in MS. NeuroRehabilitation 2017; 41:811-822. [PMID: 29036843 DOI: 10.3233/nre-172182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The peak blood lactate response to an exhaustive exercise test in a number of chronic conditions has been shown to differ from that seen in healthy, untrained individuals. However, this has not been investigated for patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). OBJECTIVE The main objective was to determine and compare the peak blood lactate response to exercise and the maximal workload between two groups of MS patients with different illness severity. METHODS Twenty-five patients with a relapsing-remitting disease course (Group RR) and 41 patients with a secondary- or primary chronic progressive disease course (group CP) performed an exhaustive incremental bicycle ergometry. Peak blood lactate, maximal workload, peak oxygen consumption and maximal heart rate were measured. RESULTS The peak blood lactate levels and maximal workload differed significantly between the groups (group CP < group RR; p < 0.001). Furthermore spiroergometric peak performance markers in both groups were significantly lower than predicted for healthy age and sex matched untrained groups. CONCLUSION A reduced peak blood lactate response to exercise is a novel finding for MS patients. This calls into doubt if the lactate performance tests and lactate thresholds used for healthy individuals can be transferred to MS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathrin Schlüter
- Universitäres Kompetenzzentrum für Sport-und Bewegungsmedizin (Athleticum), Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.,Institut und Poliklinik für Medizinische Psychologie, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.,Abteilung für Medizinische Onkologie, Nationales Centrum für Tumorerkrankungen (NCT), Universitätsklinikum Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Josephina Maier
- Universitäres Kompetenzzentrum für Sport-und Bewegungsmedizin (Athleticum), Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.,Institut und Poliklinik für Medizinische Psychologie, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Stefan Patra
- Universitäres Kompetenzzentrum für Sport-und Bewegungsmedizin (Athleticum), Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.,Institut und Poliklinik für Medizinische Psychologie, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Stefan M Gold
- Institut für Neuroimmunologie und Multiple Sklerose (INIMS), Zentrum für Molekulare Neurobiologie, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.,Charité Universitätsmedizin, Klinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Christoph Heesen
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Neurologie, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.,Institut für Neuroimmunologie und Multiple Sklerose (INIMS), Zentrum für Molekulare Neurobiologie, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Karl-Heinz Schulz
- Universitäres Kompetenzzentrum für Sport-und Bewegungsmedizin (Athleticum), Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.,Institut und Poliklinik für Medizinische Psychologie, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
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8
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Boussuges A, Rossi P, Poirette L, Gavarry O. Heart rate recovery improves after exercise in water when compared with on land. Clin Physiol Funct Imaging 2017; 38:721-724. [PMID: 28795483 DOI: 10.1111/cpf.12464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2017] [Accepted: 07/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Water immersion has demonstrated its effectiveness in the recovery process after exercise. This study presents for the first time the impact of water immersion on heart rate recovery after low-intensity cycle exercise. METHODS Sixteen male volunteers were involved in the study. The experiment consisted of two cycling exercises: 1 h in ambient air and 1 h in water (temperature: 32 ± 0·2°C). The exercise intensity was individually prescribed to elicit around 35%-40% of VO2 peak for both conditions. Heart rate recovery was analysed according to recognized methods, such as the differences between heart rate at exercise completion and within the 2 min recovery period. RESULTS Although the two exercises were performed both at same energy expenditure and heart rate, the indexes used to assess the fast and slow decay of the heart rate recovery were significantly shortened after exercise in water. CONCLUSION The results of the present study suggest that cycling in thermoneutral water decreases the cardiac work after exercise when compared with cycling on land.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alain Boussuges
- UMR MD2, Aix Marseille University (AMU), Marseille, France.,French Armed Forces Biomedical Research Institute (IRBA), Brétigny sur Orge, France
| | - Pascal Rossi
- Internal Medicine Department, Hôpital Nord, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille (AP-HM), Marseille, France.,UMR INSERM 608, Vascular research center of Marseille, Aix Marseille University, Marseille, France
| | - Laurent Poirette
- Léon Bérard Hospital, Cardiac Rehabilitation center, Hyères, France
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9
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Gonzaga LR, Matos-Garcia BC, Rocco IS, Begot I, Bolzan DW, Tatani SB, Santos VB, Silva CM, Carvalho AC, Arena R, Gomes WJ, Guizilini S. Effects of acute oxygen supplementation on functional capacity and heart rate recovery in Eisenmenger syndrome. Int J Cardiol 2017; 231:110-114. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2017.01.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2016] [Revised: 12/07/2016] [Accepted: 01/03/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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10
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What are the Physiological Mechanisms for Post-Exercise Cold Water Immersion in the Recovery from Prolonged Endurance and Intermittent Exercise? Sports Med 2016; 46:1095-109. [DOI: 10.1007/s40279-016-0483-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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11
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Cipryan L, Laursen PB, Plews DJ. Cardiac autonomic response following high-intensity running work-to-rest interval manipulation. Eur J Sport Sci 2015; 16:808-17. [DOI: 10.1080/17461391.2015.1103317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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12
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Relation of heart rate recovery after exercise to insulin resistance and chronic inflammation in otherwise healthy adolescents and adults: results from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 1999–2004. Clin Res Cardiol 2015; 104:764-72. [DOI: 10.1007/s00392-015-0843-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2014] [Accepted: 03/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Saglam M, Vardar-Yagli N, Savci S, Inal-Ince D, Calik-Kutukcu E, Arikan H, Coplu L. Functional capacity, physical activity, and quality of life in hypoxemic patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis 2015; 10:423-8. [PMID: 25750524 PMCID: PMC4348056 DOI: 10.2147/copd.s78937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The risk of hypoxemia increases with the progression of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and the deterioration of pulmonary function. The aim of this study was to compare functional capacity, physical activity, and quality of life in hypoxemic and non-hypoxemic patients with COPD. Methods Thirty-nine COPD patients (mean age: 62.0±7.03 years) were included in this study. Arterial blood gas tensions were measured, and patients were divided into two groups according to oxygen partial pressure (PaO2), the hypoxemic COPD (PaO2 <60 mmHg) (n=18), and the control (PaO2 ≥60 mmHg) (n=21) groups. Functional exercise capacity was evaluated using the 6-minute walk test (6MWT). Oxygen saturation, dyspnea, and fatigue perception were measured before and after the 6MWT. Physical activity was assessed using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) and an accelerometer. Quality of life was assessed using the St George’s Respiratory Questionnaire (SGRQ). Results The number of emergency visits and hospitalizations were higher in hypoxemic patients (P<0.05). Lung function parameters, 6MWT distance, exercise oxygen saturation, IPAQ total score, and energy expenditure during daily life were significantly lower, but percentage of maximum heart rate reached during the 6MWT was significantly higher, in hypoxemic COPD patients than in controls (P<0.05). Conclusion Hypoxemia has a profound effect on functional capacity and physical activity in patients with COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melda Saglam
- Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Sciences, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Naciye Vardar-Yagli
- Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Sciences, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Sema Savci
- School of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Deniz Inal-Ince
- Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Sciences, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ebru Calik-Kutukcu
- Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Sciences, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Hülya Arikan
- Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health Sciences, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Lutfi Coplu
- Department of Chest Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
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Rodríguez DA, Arbillaga A, Barberan-Garcia A, Ramirez-Sarmiento A, Torralba Y, Vilaró J, Gimeno-Santos E, Gea J, Orozco-Levi M, Roca J, Marco E. Effects of interval and continuous exercise training on autonomic cardiac function in COPD patients. CLINICAL RESPIRATORY JOURNAL 2014; 10:83-9. [PMID: 25043734 DOI: 10.1111/crj.12189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2014] [Revised: 06/02/2014] [Accepted: 07/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Both interval (IT) and continuous (CT) exercise training results in an improvement of aerobic capacity in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD); however, their effects on cardiac autonomic function remains unclear. The aim of our study was to evaluate the effect of a supervised CT vs IT on autonomic cardiac function in COPD patients. METHODS COPD patients were divided into two different groups according to training modality (IT or CT). Autonomic cardiac dysfunction (ACD) was defined as a heart rate recovery lower than 12 bpm heart rate after the first minute of maximal exercise (HRR1 ) and an abnormal chronotropic response (CR) to exercise (<80%). RESULTS A total of 29 patients {mean [standard deviation (SD)] age: 68 (8) years, %FEV1 : 42 (13) predicted} were trained (15 subjects in the CT group, 14 subjects in the IT group). After training, both groups increased peak oxygen consumption [mean difference ΔVO2 peak: 156 mL/min (P = 0.04) on IT; and 210 mL/min (P = 0.01) on CT], HRR1 [IT, from 10.4 (5) to 13.8 (5) bpm (P = 0.04); and CT, from 14.3 (5) to 17.7 (5) bpm (P = 0.04)] and CR [IT, from 57% (22) to 81% (9) (P = 0.001); and CT, from 48% (28) to 73% (17) (P = 0.001)]. Sixteen patients showed ACD. Among these patients, HRR1 (P = 0.01 for IT and P = 0.04 for CT) and CR (P = 0.001 for IT and P = 0.002 for CT) were enhanced after training. CONCLUSIONS Both IT and CT exercise training improve heart rate recovery and CR in COPD patients. These benefits could help to individualize exercise training.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diego A Rodríguez
- Pulmonology Department, Hospital del Mar, Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques (IMIM), Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), CIBERES, (ISCIII), Barcelona, Spain.,Pulmonology Department, Hospital Clínic i Provincial de Barcelona (ICT), CIBERES, IDIBAPS, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ane Arbillaga
- Pulmonology Department, Hospital Clínic i Provincial de Barcelona (ICT), CIBERES, IDIBAPS, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.,Center for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Anael Barberan-Garcia
- Pulmonology Department, Hospital Clínic i Provincial de Barcelona (ICT), CIBERES, IDIBAPS, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alba Ramirez-Sarmiento
- Pulmonology Department, Hospital del Mar, Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques (IMIM), Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), CIBERES, (ISCIII), Barcelona, Spain.,Pulmonology Department, Fundación Cardiovascular de Colombia, Santander, Colombia
| | - Yolanda Torralba
- Pulmonology Department, Hospital Clínic i Provincial de Barcelona (ICT), CIBERES, IDIBAPS, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jordi Vilaró
- Facultat de Ciències de la Salut Blanquerna, Universitat Ramol Llull, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Joaquim Gea
- Pulmonology Department, Hospital del Mar, Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques (IMIM), Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), CIBERES, (ISCIII), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mauricio Orozco-Levi
- Pulmonology Department, Hospital del Mar, Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques (IMIM), Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), CIBERES, (ISCIII), Barcelona, Spain.,Pulmonology Department, Fundación Cardiovascular de Colombia, Santander, Colombia
| | - Josep Roca
- Pulmonology Department, Hospital Clínic i Provincial de Barcelona (ICT), CIBERES, IDIBAPS, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ester Marco
- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Department, Parc de Salut Mar (Hospital del Mar - Hospital de l'Esperança), Rehabilitation Research Group, Institut Hospital del Mar d'Investigacions Mèdiques (IMIM), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
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15
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Stanley J, Peake JM, Buchheit M. Cardiac parasympathetic reactivation following exercise: implications for training prescription. Sports Med 2014; 43:1259-77. [PMID: 23912805 DOI: 10.1007/s40279-013-0083-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 240] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The objective of exercise training is to initiate desirable physiological adaptations that ultimately enhance physical work capacity. Optimal training prescription requires an individualized approach, with an appropriate balance of training stimulus and recovery and optimal periodization. Recovery from exercise involves integrated physiological responses. The cardiovascular system plays a fundamental role in facilitating many of these responses, including thermoregulation and delivery/removal of nutrients and waste products. As a marker of cardiovascular recovery, cardiac parasympathetic reactivation following a training session is highly individualized. It appears to parallel the acute/intermediate recovery of the thermoregulatory and vascular systems, as described by the supercompensation theory. The physiological mechanisms underlying cardiac parasympathetic reactivation are not completely understood. However, changes in cardiac autonomic activity may provide a proxy measure of the changes in autonomic input into organs and (by default) the blood flow requirements to restore homeostasis. Metaboreflex stimulation (e.g. muscle and blood acidosis) is likely a key determinant of parasympathetic reactivation in the short term (0-90 min post-exercise), whereas baroreflex stimulation (e.g. exercise-induced changes in plasma volume) probably mediates parasympathetic reactivation in the intermediate term (1-48 h post-exercise). Cardiac parasympathetic reactivation does not appear to coincide with the recovery of all physiological systems (e.g. energy stores or the neuromuscular system). However, this may reflect the limited data currently available on parasympathetic reactivation following strength/resistance-based exercise of variable intensity. In this review, we quantitatively analyse post-exercise cardiac parasympathetic reactivation in athletes and healthy individuals following aerobic exercise, with respect to exercise intensity and duration, and fitness/training status. Our results demonstrate that the time required for complete cardiac autonomic recovery after a single aerobic-based training session is up to 24 h following low-intensity exercise, 24-48 h following threshold-intensity exercise and at least 48 h following high-intensity exercise. Based on limited data, exercise duration is unlikely to be the greatest determinant of cardiac parasympathetic reactivation. Cardiac autonomic recovery occurs more rapidly in individuals with greater aerobic fitness. Our data lend support to the concept that in conjunction with daily training logs, data on cardiac parasympathetic activity are useful for individualizing training programmes. In the final sections of this review, we provide recommendations for structuring training microcycles with reference to cardiac parasympathetic recovery kinetics. Ultimately, coaches should structure training programmes tailored to the unique recovery kinetics of each individual.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamie Stanley
- Centre of Excellence for Applied Sport Science Research, Queensland Academy of Sport, Brisbane, QLD, Australia,
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Gimeno-Santos E, Rodriguez DA, Barberan-Garcia A, Blanco I, Vilaró J, Torralba Y, Rodriguez-Roisin R, Barberà JA, Roca J, Garcia-Aymerich J. Endurance Exercise Training Improves Heart Rate Recovery in Patients with COPD. COPD 2013; 11:190-6. [DOI: 10.3109/15412555.2013.831401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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17
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Peçanha T, Silva-Júnior ND, Forjaz CLDM. Heart rate recovery: autonomic determinants, methods of assessment and association with mortality and cardiovascular diseases. Clin Physiol Funct Imaging 2013; 34:327-39. [DOI: 10.1111/cpf.12102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2013] [Accepted: 10/14/2013] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tiago Peçanha
- Exercise Hemodynamic Laboratory; School of Physical Education and Sport; University of Sao Paulo; São Paulo Brazil
| | - Natan Daniel Silva-Júnior
- Exercise Hemodynamic Laboratory; School of Physical Education and Sport; University of Sao Paulo; São Paulo Brazil
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Blasco-Lafarga C, Martínez-Navarro I, Mateo-March M. Is baseline cardiac autonomic modulation related to performance and physiological responses following a supramaximal Judo test? PLoS One 2013; 8:e78584. [PMID: 24205273 PMCID: PMC3799641 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0078584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2013] [Accepted: 09/15/2013] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Little research exists concerning Heart Rate (HR) Variability (HRV) following supramaximal efforts focused on upper-body explosive strength-endurance. Since they may be very demanding, it seems of interest to analyse the relationship among performance, lactate and HR dynamics (i.e. HR, HRV and complexity) following them; as well as to know how baseline cardiac autonomic modulation mediates these relationships. The present study aimed to analyse associations between baseline and post-exercise HR dynamics following a supramaximal Judo test, and their relationship with lactate, in a sample of 22 highly-trained male judoists (20.70±4.56 years). A large association between the increase in HR from resting to exercise condition and performance suggests that individuals exerted a greater sympathetic response to achieve a better performance (Rating of Perceived Exertion: 20; post-exercise peak lactate: 11.57±2.24 mmol/L; 95.76±4.13 % of age-predicted HRmax). Athletes with higher vagal modulation and lower sympathetic modulation at rest achieved both a significant larger ∆HR and a faster post-exercise lactate removal. A enhanced resting parasympathetic modulation might be therefore related to a further usage of autonomic resources and a better immediate metabolic recovery during supramaximal exertions. Furthermore, analyses of variance displayed a persistent increase in α1 and a decrease in lnRMSSD along the 15 min of recovery, which are indicative of a diminished vagal modulation together with a sympathovagal balance leaning to sympathetic domination. Eventually, time-domain indices (lnRMSSD) showed no lactate correlations, while nonlinear indices (α1 and lnSaEn) appeared to be moderate to strongly correlated with it, thus pointing to shared mechanisms between neuroautonomic and metabolic regulation.
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Gupta M, Bansal V, Chhabra SK. Abnormal heart rate recovery and chronotropic incompetence on exercise in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Chron Respir Dis 2013; 10:117-26. [DOI: 10.1177/1479972313493097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronotropic incompetence (CI; failure to reach the targeted heart rate (HR) on exercise) and a delayed HR recovery (HRR; ≤12 beats decline within the first minute after cessation) reflect autonomic dysfunction (AD) and predict adverse cardiac prognosis. As chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is known to be associated with AD, we hypothesized that these patients may manifest these responses on exercise. The prevalence and predictors of these responses in COPD and their association with its severity have not been evaluated. Normoxemic, stable male patients with COPD ( n = 39) and 11 healthy controls underwent lung function testing and incremental leg ergometry. HR responses were monitored during exercise and recovery to compute the HRR and CI. Of all the patients, 33 (84.6%) had at least one of the two exercise responses as abnormal, with the majority (23, 58.9%) having both an abnormal HRR and CI. The frequency of abnormal responses increased with increasing Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease stage and body mass index, airflow obstruction, dyspnoea and exercise capacity index. After adjusting for smoking history and post-bronchodilator forced expiratory volume in 1 second, only a reduced diffusion capacity for carbon monoxide predicted abnormal HRR, though weakly. We concluded that abnormal HRR and CI are common in patients with COPD. These responses are observed with increasing frequency as the severity of disease increases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mansi Gupta
- Department of Cardiorespiratory Physiology, Vallabhbhai Patel Chest Institute, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Vishal Bansal
- Department of Physiology, Vallabhbhai Patel Chest Institute, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Sunil K Chhabra
- Department of Cardiorespiratory Physiology, Vallabhbhai Patel Chest Institute, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
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Paoli A, Moro T, Marcolin G, Neri M, Bianco A, Palma A, Grimaldi K. High-Intensity Interval Resistance Training (HIRT) influences resting energy expenditure and respiratory ratio in non-dieting individuals. J Transl Med 2012; 10:237. [PMID: 23176325 PMCID: PMC3551736 DOI: 10.1186/1479-5876-10-237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2012] [Accepted: 11/21/2012] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The benefits of exercise are well established but one major barrier for many is time. It has been proposed that short period resistance training (RT) could play a role in weight control by increasing resting energy expenditure (REE) but the effects of different kinds of RT has not been widely reported. METHODS We tested the acute effects of high-intensity interval resistance training (HIRT) vs. traditional resistance training (TT) on REE and respiratory ratio (RR) at 22 hours post-exercise. In two separate sessions, seventeen trained males carried out HIRT and TT protocols. The HIRT technique consists of: 6 repetitions, 20 seconds rest, 2/3 repetitions, 20 secs rest, 2/3 repetitions with 2'30″ rest between sets, three exercises for a total of 7 sets. TT consisted of eight exercises of 4 sets of 8-12 repetitions with one/two minutes rest with a total amount of 32 sets. We measured basal REE and RR (TT0 and HIRT0) and 22 hours after the training session (TT22 and HIRT22). RESULTS HIRT showed a greater significant increase (p < 0.001) in REE at 22 hours compared to TT (HIRT22 2362 ± 118 Kcal/d vs TT22 1999 ± 88 Kcal/d). RR at HIRT22 was significantly lower (0.798 ± 0.010) compared to both HIRT0 (0.827 ± 0.006) and TT22 (0.822 ± 0.008). CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest that shorter HIRT sessions may increase REE after exercise to a greater extent than TT and may reduce RR hence improving fat oxidation. The shorter exercise time commitment may help to reduce one major barrier to exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Paoli
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Physiological Laboratory, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.
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Al Haddad H, Mendez-Villanueva A, Bourdon PC, Buchheit M. Effect of acute hypoxia on post-exercise parasympathetic reactivation in healthy men. Front Physiol 2012; 3:289. [PMID: 22934041 PMCID: PMC3429061 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2012.00289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2012] [Accepted: 07/03/2012] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study we assessed the effect of acute hypoxia on post-exercise parasympathetic reactivation inferred from heart rate (HR) recovery (HRR) and HR variability (HRV) indices. Ten healthy males participated in this study. Following 10 min of seated rest, participants performed 5 min of submaximal running at the speed associated with the first ventilatory threshold (Sub) followed by a 20-s all-out supramaximal sprint (Supra). Both Sub and Supra runs were immediately followed by 15 min of seated passive recovery. The resting and exercise sequence were performed in both normoxia (N) and normobaric hypoxia (H; FiO2 = 15.4%). HRR indices (e.g., heart beats recovered in the first minute after exercise cessation, HRR60s) and vagal-related HRV indices [i.e., natural logarithm of the square root of the mean of the sum of the squared differences between adjacent normal R–R intervals (Ln rMSSD)] were calculated for both conditions. Difference in the changes between N and H for all HR-derived indices were also calculated for both Sub and Supra. HRR60s was greater in N compared with H following Sub only (60 ± 14 vs. 52 ± 19 beats min−1, P = 0.016). Ln rMSSD was greater in N compared with H (post Sub: 3.60 ± 0.45 vs. 3.28 ± 0.44 ms in N and H, respectively, and post Supra: 2.66 ± 0.54 vs. 2.65 ± 0.63 ms, main condition effect P = 0.02). When comparing the difference in the changes, hypoxia decreased HRR60s (−14.3% ± 17.2 vs. 5.2% ± 19.3; following Sub and Supra, respectively; P = 0.03) and Ln rMSSD (−8.6% ± 7.0 vs. 2.0% ± 13.3, following Sub and Supra, respectively; P = 0.08, Cohen’s effect size = 0.62) more following Sub than Supra. While hypoxia may delay parasympathetic reactivation following submaximal exercise, its effect is not apparent following supramaximal exercise. This may suggest that the effect of blood O2 partial pressure on parasympathetic reactivation is limited under heightened sympathetic activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hani Al Haddad
- Physiology Unit, Sport Science Department, Aspire Academy for Sports Excellence Doha, Qatar
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Leprêtre PM, Lopes P, Thomas C, Hanon C. Changes in cardiac tone regulation with fatigue after supra-maximal running exercise. ScientificWorldJournal 2012; 2012:281265. [PMID: 22666098 PMCID: PMC3361189 DOI: 10.1100/2012/281265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2011] [Accepted: 12/11/2011] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
To investigate the effects of fatigue and metabolite accumulation on the postexercicse parasympathetic reactivation, 11 long-sprint runners performed on an outdoor track an exhaustive 400 m long sprint event and a 300 m with the same 400 m pacing strategy. Time constant of heart rate recovery (HRRτ), time (RMSSD), and frequency (HF, and LF) varying vagal-related heart rate variability indexes were assessed during the 7 min period immediately following exercise. Biochemical parameters (blood lactate, pH, PO₂, PCO₂, SaO₂, and HCO₃⁻) were measured at 1, 4 and 7 min after exercise. Time to perform 300 m was not significantly different between both running trials. HHRτ measured after the 400 m running exercise was longer compared to 300 m running bouts (183.7 ± 11.6 versus 132.1 ± 9.8 s, P < 0.01). Absolute power density in the LF and HF bands was also lower after 400 m compared to the 300 m trial (P < 0.05). No correlation was found between biochemical and cardiac recovery responses except for the PO₂ values which were significantly correlated with HF levels measured 4 min after both bouts. Thus, it appears that fatigue rather than metabolic stresses occurring during a supramaximal exercise could explain the delayed postexercise parasympathetic reactivation in longer sprint runs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre-Marie Leprêtre
- Laboratoire de Recherche Adaptations Physiologiques à l'Exercice et Réadaptations à l'Effort, EA 3300, UFR-STAPS, Université de Picardie Jules Verne, 80025 Amiens Cedex 1, France.
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Yorgun H, Gürses KM, Canpolat U, Yapıcı Z, Bozdağ G, Kaya EB, Aytemir K, Oto A, Kabakçı G, Tokgözoğlu L. Evaluation of cardiac autonomic function by various indices in patients with primary premature ovarian failure. Clin Res Cardiol 2012; 101:753-9. [PMID: 22527092 DOI: 10.1007/s00392-012-0455-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2011] [Accepted: 03/27/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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FERRAZ GC, SOARES OAB, FOZ NSB, PEREIRA MC, QUEIROZ-NETO A. The workload and plasma ion concentration in a training match session of high-goal (elite) polo ponies. Equine Vet J 2010:191-5. [DOI: 10.1111/j.2042-3306.2010.00278.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Mahé G, Zeenny M, Ouedraogo N, Vielle B, Leftheriotis G, Abraham P. Heart rate recovery after constant-load exercise tests is decreased in proportion to the importance (severity and diffusion) of exercise-induced lower-limb ischaemia. Clin Physiol Funct Imaging 2010; 31:48-53. [PMID: 20849524 DOI: 10.1111/j.1475-097x.2010.00978.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Conditions that may influence heart rate recovery at 1 min of recovery from exercise (HRR1: end-exercise heart rate minus heart rate 1 min after exercise) are not fully understood. We hypothesized that the 'importance' (both local severity and regional diffusion) of peripheral skeletal muscle ischaemia is associated with low HRR1. DESIGN AND METHODS In 529 patients with suspected or confirmed peripheral vascular disease not receiving beta-blockers (61·4 ± 11·3 years old), we retrospectively studied the relationship of HRR1 to exercise-induced changes in transcutaneous oxygen DROP index (limb changes minus chest changes from rest). The sum of DROP indices observed on both calves and both buttocks (DROPtot) provides the unique opportunity to estimate both the severity and the diffusion of exercise-induced ischaemia on the right and left side simultaneously. It was used during a constant-load treadmill test (3·2 km h(-1) ; 10% grade) to classify patients in quartiles, the fourth quartile representing the more 'important' ischaemias. RESULTS There was an inverse relationship between quartiles of DROPtot and HRR1, even after adjustment for heart rate reserve (Delta HR: end-exercise minus resting heart rate), age (≤ or >60 years), gender, body mass index, treadmill maximal walking distance and ankle brachial index: adjusted R = 0·629; P<0·0001. CONCLUSIONS During constant-load treadmill testing, DROPtot, an index of the 'importance' of exercise-induced lower-limb ischaemia, correlates with HRR1. Whether HRR1 is improved in proportion of DROPtot improvement in patients undergoing surgery or rehabilitation for peripheral artery disease is a fascinating issue for future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Mahé
- Vascular investigations, University Hospital, Angers Cedex, France
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Buchheit M, Duché P, Laursen PB, Ratel S. Postexercise heart rate recovery in children: relationship with power output, blood pH, and lactate. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2010; 35:142-50. [PMID: 20383224 DOI: 10.1139/h09-140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to determine whether differences in age-related heart rate recovery (HRR) kinetics were associated with differences in power output, blood lactate concentration ([La]b), and acidosis among children, adolescents, and adults. Ten prepubertal boys (aged 9.6 +/- 0.7 years), 6 pubertal boys (aged 15.2 +/- 0.8 years), and 7 men (aged 20.4 +/- 1.0 years) performed 10 repeated 10-s all-out cycling sprints, interspersed with 5-min passive recovery intervals. Mean power output (MPO) was measured during each sprint, and HRR, [La]b, and acidosis (pHb) were determined immediately after each sprint. Children displayed a shorter time constant of the primary component of HRR than adolescents and adults (17.5 +/- 4.1 vs. 38.0 +/- 5.3 and 36.9 +/- 4.9 s, p < 0.001 for both), but no difference was observed between adolescents and adults (p = 1.00). MPO, [La]b, and pHb were also lower in children compared with the other 2 groups (p < 0.001 for both). When data were pooled, HRR was significantly correlated with MPO (r = 0.48, p < 0.001), [La]b (r = 0.58, p < 0.001), and pHb (r = -0.60, p < 0.001). Covarying for MPO, [La]b, or pHb abolished the between-group differences in HRR (p = 0.42, p = 0.19, and p = 0.16, respectively). Anaerobic glycolytic contribution and power output explained a significant portion of the HRR variance following high-intensity intermittent exercise. The faster HRR kinetic observed in children appears to be related, at least in part, to their lower work rate and inherent lack of anaerobic metabolic capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Buchheit
- Research Laboratory, Exercise physiology and rehabilitation, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Picardie Jules Verne, Amiens, France.
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Kaya EB, Okutucu S, Aksoy H, Karakulak UN, Tulumen E, Ozdemir O, Inanici F, Aytemir K, Kabakci G, Tokgozoglu L, Ozkutlu H, Oto A. Evaluation of cardiac autonomic functions in patients with ankylosing spondylitis via heart rate recovery and heart rate variability. Clin Res Cardiol 2010; 99:803-8. [DOI: 10.1007/s00392-010-0187-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2010] [Accepted: 06/17/2010] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Current World Literature. Curr Opin Pulm Med 2010; 16:162-7. [DOI: 10.1097/mcp.0b013e32833723f8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Möhlenkamp S, Lehmann N, Schmermund A, Roggenbuck U, Moebus S, Dragano N, Bauer M, Kälsch H, Hoffmann B, Stang A, Bröcker-Preuss M, Böhm M, Mann K, Jöckel KH, Erbel R. Association of exercise capacity and the heart rate profile during exercise stress testing with subclinical coronary atherosclerosis: data from the Heinz Nixdorf Recall study. Clin Res Cardiol 2009; 98:665-76. [DOI: 10.1007/s00392-009-0054-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2009] [Accepted: 06/29/2009] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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Schuler B, Rettich A, Vogel J, Gassmann M, Arras M. Optimized surgical techniques and postoperative care improve survival rates and permit accurate telemetric recording in exercising mice. BMC Vet Res 2009; 5:28. [PMID: 19646283 PMCID: PMC2727500 DOI: 10.1186/1746-6148-5-28] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2009] [Accepted: 08/02/2009] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The laboratory mouse is commonly used as a sophisticated model in biomedical research. However, experiments requiring major surgery frequently lead to serious postoperative complications and death, particularly if genetically modified mice with anatomical and physiological abnormalities undergo extensive interventions such as transmitter implantation. Telemetric transmitters are used to study cardiovascular physiology and diseases. Telemetry yields reliable and accurate measurement of blood pressure in the free-roaming, unanaesthetized and unstressed mouse, but data recording is hampered substantially if measurements are made in an exercising mouse. Thus, we aimed to optimize transmitter implantation to improve telemetric signal recording in exercising mice as well as to establish a postoperative care regimen that promotes convalescence and survival of mice after major surgery in general. Results We report an optimized telemetric transmitter implantation technique (fixation of the transmitter body on the back of the mouse with stainless steel wires) for subsequent measurement of arterial blood pressure during maximal exercise on a treadmill. This technique was used on normal (wildtype) mice and on transgenic mice with anatomical and physiological abnormalities due to constitutive overexpression of recombinant human erythropoietin. To promote convalescence of the animals after surgery, we established a regimen for postoperative intensive care: pain treatment (flunixine 5 mg/kg bodyweight, subcutaneously, twice per day) and fluid therapy (600 μl, subcutaneously, twice per day) were administrated for 7 days. In addition, warmth and free access to high energy liquid in a drinking bottle were provided for 14 days following transmitter implantation. This regimen led to a substantial decrease in overall morbidity and mortality. The refined postoperative care and surgical technique were particularly successful in genetically modified mice with severely compromised physiological capacities. Conclusion Recovery and survival rates of mice after major surgery were significantly improved by careful management of postoperative intensive care regimens including key supportive measures such as pain relief, administration of fluids, and warmth. Furthermore, fixation of the blood pressure transmitter provided constant reliable telemetric recordings in exercising mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beat Schuler
- University of Zurich, Vetsuisse Faculty, Institute of Veterinary Physiology, and Zurich Center for Integrative Human Physiology, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland.
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