4
|
Kitamura T, Martin CA, Vlachos K, Martin R, Frontera A, Takigawa M, Thompson N, Cheniti G, Massouille G, Lam A, Bourier F, Duchateau J, Pambrun T, Denis A, Derval N, Hocini M, HaÏssaguerre M, Cochet H, JaÏs P, Sacher F. Substrate Mapping and Ablation for Ventricular Tachycardia in Patients with Structural Heart Disease: How to Identify Ventricular Tachycardia Substrate. J Innov Card Rhythm Manag 2019; 10:3565-3580. [PMID: 32477720 PMCID: PMC7252795 DOI: 10.19102/icrm.2019.100302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2018] [Accepted: 08/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Catheter ablation for ventricular tachycardia (VT) has been increasingly used over the past two decades in patients with structural heart disease (SHD). In these individuals, a substrate mapping strategy is being more commonly applied to identify targets for VT ablation, which has been shown to be more effective versus targeting mappable VTs alone. There are a number of substrate mapping methods in existence that aim to explore potential VT isthmuses, although their success rates vary. Most of the reported electrogram-based mapping studies have been performed with ablation catheters; meanwhile, the use of multipolar mapping catheters with smaller electrodes and closer interelectrode spacing has emerged, which allows for an assessment of detailed near-field abnormal electrograms at a higher resolution. Another recent advancement has occurred in the use of imaging techniques in VT ablation, particularly in refining the substrate. The goal of this paper is to review the key developments and limitations of current mapping strategies of substrate-based VT ablation and their outcomes. In addition, we briefly summarize the role of cardiac imaging in delineating VT substrate.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Kitamura
- IHU Liryc, Electrophysiology and Heart Modeling Institute, Fondation Bordeaux Université, Pessac-Bordeaux, France.,Electrophysiology and Ablation Unit, Bordeaux University Hospital (CHU), Pessac, France.,Centre de recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France.,Tokyo Metropolitan Hiroo Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Claire A Martin
- IHU Liryc, Electrophysiology and Heart Modeling Institute, Fondation Bordeaux Université, Pessac-Bordeaux, France.,Electrophysiology and Ablation Unit, Bordeaux University Hospital (CHU), Pessac, France.,Centre de recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France.,Royal Papworth Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
| | - Konstantinos Vlachos
- IHU Liryc, Electrophysiology and Heart Modeling Institute, Fondation Bordeaux Université, Pessac-Bordeaux, France.,Electrophysiology and Ablation Unit, Bordeaux University Hospital (CHU), Pessac, France.,Centre de recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Ruairidh Martin
- IHU Liryc, Electrophysiology and Heart Modeling Institute, Fondation Bordeaux Université, Pessac-Bordeaux, France.,Electrophysiology and Ablation Unit, Bordeaux University Hospital (CHU), Pessac, France.,Centre de recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France.,Newcastle University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, UK
| | - Antonio Frontera
- IHU Liryc, Electrophysiology and Heart Modeling Institute, Fondation Bordeaux Université, Pessac-Bordeaux, France.,Electrophysiology and Ablation Unit, Bordeaux University Hospital (CHU), Pessac, France.,Centre de recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France.,San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Masateru Takigawa
- IHU Liryc, Electrophysiology and Heart Modeling Institute, Fondation Bordeaux Université, Pessac-Bordeaux, France.,Electrophysiology and Ablation Unit, Bordeaux University Hospital (CHU), Pessac, France.,Centre de recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Nathaniel Thompson
- IHU Liryc, Electrophysiology and Heart Modeling Institute, Fondation Bordeaux Université, Pessac-Bordeaux, France.,Electrophysiology and Ablation Unit, Bordeaux University Hospital (CHU), Pessac, France.,Centre de recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Ghassen Cheniti
- IHU Liryc, Electrophysiology and Heart Modeling Institute, Fondation Bordeaux Université, Pessac-Bordeaux, France.,Electrophysiology and Ablation Unit, Bordeaux University Hospital (CHU), Pessac, France.,Centre de recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Gregoire Massouille
- IHU Liryc, Electrophysiology and Heart Modeling Institute, Fondation Bordeaux Université, Pessac-Bordeaux, France.,Electrophysiology and Ablation Unit, Bordeaux University Hospital (CHU), Pessac, France.,Centre de recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Anna Lam
- IHU Liryc, Electrophysiology and Heart Modeling Institute, Fondation Bordeaux Université, Pessac-Bordeaux, France.,Electrophysiology and Ablation Unit, Bordeaux University Hospital (CHU), Pessac, France.,Centre de recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Felix Bourier
- IHU Liryc, Electrophysiology and Heart Modeling Institute, Fondation Bordeaux Université, Pessac-Bordeaux, France.,Electrophysiology and Ablation Unit, Bordeaux University Hospital (CHU), Pessac, France.,Centre de recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Josselin Duchateau
- IHU Liryc, Electrophysiology and Heart Modeling Institute, Fondation Bordeaux Université, Pessac-Bordeaux, France.,Electrophysiology and Ablation Unit, Bordeaux University Hospital (CHU), Pessac, France.,Centre de recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Thomas Pambrun
- IHU Liryc, Electrophysiology and Heart Modeling Institute, Fondation Bordeaux Université, Pessac-Bordeaux, France.,Electrophysiology and Ablation Unit, Bordeaux University Hospital (CHU), Pessac, France.,Centre de recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Arnaud Denis
- IHU Liryc, Electrophysiology and Heart Modeling Institute, Fondation Bordeaux Université, Pessac-Bordeaux, France.,Electrophysiology and Ablation Unit, Bordeaux University Hospital (CHU), Pessac, France.,Centre de recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Nicolas Derval
- IHU Liryc, Electrophysiology and Heart Modeling Institute, Fondation Bordeaux Université, Pessac-Bordeaux, France.,Electrophysiology and Ablation Unit, Bordeaux University Hospital (CHU), Pessac, France.,Centre de recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Meleze Hocini
- IHU Liryc, Electrophysiology and Heart Modeling Institute, Fondation Bordeaux Université, Pessac-Bordeaux, France.,Electrophysiology and Ablation Unit, Bordeaux University Hospital (CHU), Pessac, France.,Centre de recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Michel HaÏssaguerre
- IHU Liryc, Electrophysiology and Heart Modeling Institute, Fondation Bordeaux Université, Pessac-Bordeaux, France.,Electrophysiology and Ablation Unit, Bordeaux University Hospital (CHU), Pessac, France.,Centre de recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Hubert Cochet
- IHU Liryc, Electrophysiology and Heart Modeling Institute, Fondation Bordeaux Université, Pessac-Bordeaux, France.,Electrophysiology and Ablation Unit, Bordeaux University Hospital (CHU), Pessac, France.,Centre de recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Pierre JaÏs
- IHU Liryc, Electrophysiology and Heart Modeling Institute, Fondation Bordeaux Université, Pessac-Bordeaux, France.,Electrophysiology and Ablation Unit, Bordeaux University Hospital (CHU), Pessac, France.,Centre de recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| | - Frédéric Sacher
- IHU Liryc, Electrophysiology and Heart Modeling Institute, Fondation Bordeaux Université, Pessac-Bordeaux, France.,Electrophysiology and Ablation Unit, Bordeaux University Hospital (CHU), Pessac, France.,Centre de recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Yamashita S, Cochet H, Sacher F, Mahida S, Berte B, Hooks D, Sellal JM, Al Jefairi N, Frontera A, Komatsu Y, Lim HS, Amraoui S, Denis A, Derval N, Sermesant M, Laurent F, Hocini M, Haïssaguerre M, Montaudon M, Jaïs P. Impact of New Technologies and Approaches for Post-Myocardial Infarction Ventricular Tachycardia Ablation During Long-Term Follow-Up. Circ Arrhythm Electrophysiol 2017; 9:CIRCEP.116.003901. [PMID: 27406604 DOI: 10.1161/circep.116.003901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2016] [Accepted: 06/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND During the past years, many innovations have been introduced to facilitate catheter ablation of post-myocardial infarction ventricular tachycardia. However, the predictors of outcome after ablation were not thoroughly studied. METHODS AND RESULTS From 2009 to 2013, consecutive patients referred for post-myocardial infarction ventricular tachycardia ablation were included. The end point of the procedure was complete elimination of local abnormal ventricular activities (LAVA) and ventricular tachycardia (VT) noninducibility. The predictors of outcome with primary end point of VT recurrence were assessed. A total of 125 patients were included (age: 64±11 years; 7 women) for 142 procedures. The left ventricle was accessed via transseptal, retrograde aortic, and epicardial approaches in 87%, 33%, and 37% of patients, respectively. Three-dimensional electroanatomical mapping system was used in 70%, multipolar catheter in 51%, and real-time image integration in 38% (from magnetic resonance imaging in 39% and multidetector computed tomography in 93%) of patients. Before ablation, VT was inducible in 75%, and endocardial/epicardial LAVA were present in 88%/75%. After ablation, complete LAVA elimination was achieved in 60%, and VT noninducibility in 83%. During a median follow-up of 850 days (interquartile range, 439-1707), VT recurrence was observed in 36%. Multivariable analysis identified 3 independent outcome predictors: the ability to achieve complete LAVA elimination (R(2)=0.29; P<0.0001; risk ratio=0.52 [0.38-0.70]), the use of real-time image integration (R(2)=0.21; P=0.0006; risk ratio=0.49 [0.33-0.74]), and the use of multipolar catheters (R(2)=0.08; P=0.05; risk ratio=0.75 [0.56-1.00]). CONCLUSIONS Achievement of complete LAVA elimination and use of scar integration from imaging and multipolar catheters to focus high-density mapping are independent predictors of VT-free survival after catheter ablation for post-myocardial infarction ventricular tachycardia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seigo Yamashita
- From the Department of Cardiac Electrophysiology (S.Y., F.S., S.M., B.B., D.H., J.-M.S., N.A.J., A.F., Y.K., H.S.L., S.A., A.D., N.D., M.H., M.H., P.J.) and Department of Cardiovascular Imaging, (H.C., F.L., M.M.), Hôpital Cardiologique du Haut-Lévêque-CHU de Bordeaux, Pessac, France; IHU LIRYC ANR-10-IAHU-04, Equipex MUSIC ANR-11-EQPX-0030, Université de Bordeaux-Inserm U1045, Pessac, France (H.C., F.S., A.D., N.D., F.L., M. Hocini, M. Haïssaguerre, M.M., P.J.); and Inria, Asclepios Team, Sophia Antipolis, France (M.S.).
| | - Hubert Cochet
- From the Department of Cardiac Electrophysiology (S.Y., F.S., S.M., B.B., D.H., J.-M.S., N.A.J., A.F., Y.K., H.S.L., S.A., A.D., N.D., M.H., M.H., P.J.) and Department of Cardiovascular Imaging, (H.C., F.L., M.M.), Hôpital Cardiologique du Haut-Lévêque-CHU de Bordeaux, Pessac, France; IHU LIRYC ANR-10-IAHU-04, Equipex MUSIC ANR-11-EQPX-0030, Université de Bordeaux-Inserm U1045, Pessac, France (H.C., F.S., A.D., N.D., F.L., M. Hocini, M. Haïssaguerre, M.M., P.J.); and Inria, Asclepios Team, Sophia Antipolis, France (M.S.)
| | - Frédéric Sacher
- From the Department of Cardiac Electrophysiology (S.Y., F.S., S.M., B.B., D.H., J.-M.S., N.A.J., A.F., Y.K., H.S.L., S.A., A.D., N.D., M.H., M.H., P.J.) and Department of Cardiovascular Imaging, (H.C., F.L., M.M.), Hôpital Cardiologique du Haut-Lévêque-CHU de Bordeaux, Pessac, France; IHU LIRYC ANR-10-IAHU-04, Equipex MUSIC ANR-11-EQPX-0030, Université de Bordeaux-Inserm U1045, Pessac, France (H.C., F.S., A.D., N.D., F.L., M. Hocini, M. Haïssaguerre, M.M., P.J.); and Inria, Asclepios Team, Sophia Antipolis, France (M.S.)
| | - Saagar Mahida
- From the Department of Cardiac Electrophysiology (S.Y., F.S., S.M., B.B., D.H., J.-M.S., N.A.J., A.F., Y.K., H.S.L., S.A., A.D., N.D., M.H., M.H., P.J.) and Department of Cardiovascular Imaging, (H.C., F.L., M.M.), Hôpital Cardiologique du Haut-Lévêque-CHU de Bordeaux, Pessac, France; IHU LIRYC ANR-10-IAHU-04, Equipex MUSIC ANR-11-EQPX-0030, Université de Bordeaux-Inserm U1045, Pessac, France (H.C., F.S., A.D., N.D., F.L., M. Hocini, M. Haïssaguerre, M.M., P.J.); and Inria, Asclepios Team, Sophia Antipolis, France (M.S.)
| | - Benjamin Berte
- From the Department of Cardiac Electrophysiology (S.Y., F.S., S.M., B.B., D.H., J.-M.S., N.A.J., A.F., Y.K., H.S.L., S.A., A.D., N.D., M.H., M.H., P.J.) and Department of Cardiovascular Imaging, (H.C., F.L., M.M.), Hôpital Cardiologique du Haut-Lévêque-CHU de Bordeaux, Pessac, France; IHU LIRYC ANR-10-IAHU-04, Equipex MUSIC ANR-11-EQPX-0030, Université de Bordeaux-Inserm U1045, Pessac, France (H.C., F.S., A.D., N.D., F.L., M. Hocini, M. Haïssaguerre, M.M., P.J.); and Inria, Asclepios Team, Sophia Antipolis, France (M.S.)
| | - Darren Hooks
- From the Department of Cardiac Electrophysiology (S.Y., F.S., S.M., B.B., D.H., J.-M.S., N.A.J., A.F., Y.K., H.S.L., S.A., A.D., N.D., M.H., M.H., P.J.) and Department of Cardiovascular Imaging, (H.C., F.L., M.M.), Hôpital Cardiologique du Haut-Lévêque-CHU de Bordeaux, Pessac, France; IHU LIRYC ANR-10-IAHU-04, Equipex MUSIC ANR-11-EQPX-0030, Université de Bordeaux-Inserm U1045, Pessac, France (H.C., F.S., A.D., N.D., F.L., M. Hocini, M. Haïssaguerre, M.M., P.J.); and Inria, Asclepios Team, Sophia Antipolis, France (M.S.)
| | - Jean-Marc Sellal
- From the Department of Cardiac Electrophysiology (S.Y., F.S., S.M., B.B., D.H., J.-M.S., N.A.J., A.F., Y.K., H.S.L., S.A., A.D., N.D., M.H., M.H., P.J.) and Department of Cardiovascular Imaging, (H.C., F.L., M.M.), Hôpital Cardiologique du Haut-Lévêque-CHU de Bordeaux, Pessac, France; IHU LIRYC ANR-10-IAHU-04, Equipex MUSIC ANR-11-EQPX-0030, Université de Bordeaux-Inserm U1045, Pessac, France (H.C., F.S., A.D., N.D., F.L., M. Hocini, M. Haïssaguerre, M.M., P.J.); and Inria, Asclepios Team, Sophia Antipolis, France (M.S.)
| | - Nora Al Jefairi
- From the Department of Cardiac Electrophysiology (S.Y., F.S., S.M., B.B., D.H., J.-M.S., N.A.J., A.F., Y.K., H.S.L., S.A., A.D., N.D., M.H., M.H., P.J.) and Department of Cardiovascular Imaging, (H.C., F.L., M.M.), Hôpital Cardiologique du Haut-Lévêque-CHU de Bordeaux, Pessac, France; IHU LIRYC ANR-10-IAHU-04, Equipex MUSIC ANR-11-EQPX-0030, Université de Bordeaux-Inserm U1045, Pessac, France (H.C., F.S., A.D., N.D., F.L., M. Hocini, M. Haïssaguerre, M.M., P.J.); and Inria, Asclepios Team, Sophia Antipolis, France (M.S.)
| | - Antonio Frontera
- From the Department of Cardiac Electrophysiology (S.Y., F.S., S.M., B.B., D.H., J.-M.S., N.A.J., A.F., Y.K., H.S.L., S.A., A.D., N.D., M.H., M.H., P.J.) and Department of Cardiovascular Imaging, (H.C., F.L., M.M.), Hôpital Cardiologique du Haut-Lévêque-CHU de Bordeaux, Pessac, France; IHU LIRYC ANR-10-IAHU-04, Equipex MUSIC ANR-11-EQPX-0030, Université de Bordeaux-Inserm U1045, Pessac, France (H.C., F.S., A.D., N.D., F.L., M. Hocini, M. Haïssaguerre, M.M., P.J.); and Inria, Asclepios Team, Sophia Antipolis, France (M.S.)
| | - Yuki Komatsu
- From the Department of Cardiac Electrophysiology (S.Y., F.S., S.M., B.B., D.H., J.-M.S., N.A.J., A.F., Y.K., H.S.L., S.A., A.D., N.D., M.H., M.H., P.J.) and Department of Cardiovascular Imaging, (H.C., F.L., M.M.), Hôpital Cardiologique du Haut-Lévêque-CHU de Bordeaux, Pessac, France; IHU LIRYC ANR-10-IAHU-04, Equipex MUSIC ANR-11-EQPX-0030, Université de Bordeaux-Inserm U1045, Pessac, France (H.C., F.S., A.D., N.D., F.L., M. Hocini, M. Haïssaguerre, M.M., P.J.); and Inria, Asclepios Team, Sophia Antipolis, France (M.S.)
| | - Han S Lim
- From the Department of Cardiac Electrophysiology (S.Y., F.S., S.M., B.B., D.H., J.-M.S., N.A.J., A.F., Y.K., H.S.L., S.A., A.D., N.D., M.H., M.H., P.J.) and Department of Cardiovascular Imaging, (H.C., F.L., M.M.), Hôpital Cardiologique du Haut-Lévêque-CHU de Bordeaux, Pessac, France; IHU LIRYC ANR-10-IAHU-04, Equipex MUSIC ANR-11-EQPX-0030, Université de Bordeaux-Inserm U1045, Pessac, France (H.C., F.S., A.D., N.D., F.L., M. Hocini, M. Haïssaguerre, M.M., P.J.); and Inria, Asclepios Team, Sophia Antipolis, France (M.S.)
| | - Sana Amraoui
- From the Department of Cardiac Electrophysiology (S.Y., F.S., S.M., B.B., D.H., J.-M.S., N.A.J., A.F., Y.K., H.S.L., S.A., A.D., N.D., M.H., M.H., P.J.) and Department of Cardiovascular Imaging, (H.C., F.L., M.M.), Hôpital Cardiologique du Haut-Lévêque-CHU de Bordeaux, Pessac, France; IHU LIRYC ANR-10-IAHU-04, Equipex MUSIC ANR-11-EQPX-0030, Université de Bordeaux-Inserm U1045, Pessac, France (H.C., F.S., A.D., N.D., F.L., M. Hocini, M. Haïssaguerre, M.M., P.J.); and Inria, Asclepios Team, Sophia Antipolis, France (M.S.)
| | - Arnaud Denis
- From the Department of Cardiac Electrophysiology (S.Y., F.S., S.M., B.B., D.H., J.-M.S., N.A.J., A.F., Y.K., H.S.L., S.A., A.D., N.D., M.H., M.H., P.J.) and Department of Cardiovascular Imaging, (H.C., F.L., M.M.), Hôpital Cardiologique du Haut-Lévêque-CHU de Bordeaux, Pessac, France; IHU LIRYC ANR-10-IAHU-04, Equipex MUSIC ANR-11-EQPX-0030, Université de Bordeaux-Inserm U1045, Pessac, France (H.C., F.S., A.D., N.D., F.L., M. Hocini, M. Haïssaguerre, M.M., P.J.); and Inria, Asclepios Team, Sophia Antipolis, France (M.S.)
| | - Nicolas Derval
- From the Department of Cardiac Electrophysiology (S.Y., F.S., S.M., B.B., D.H., J.-M.S., N.A.J., A.F., Y.K., H.S.L., S.A., A.D., N.D., M.H., M.H., P.J.) and Department of Cardiovascular Imaging, (H.C., F.L., M.M.), Hôpital Cardiologique du Haut-Lévêque-CHU de Bordeaux, Pessac, France; IHU LIRYC ANR-10-IAHU-04, Equipex MUSIC ANR-11-EQPX-0030, Université de Bordeaux-Inserm U1045, Pessac, France (H.C., F.S., A.D., N.D., F.L., M. Hocini, M. Haïssaguerre, M.M., P.J.); and Inria, Asclepios Team, Sophia Antipolis, France (M.S.)
| | - Maxime Sermesant
- From the Department of Cardiac Electrophysiology (S.Y., F.S., S.M., B.B., D.H., J.-M.S., N.A.J., A.F., Y.K., H.S.L., S.A., A.D., N.D., M.H., M.H., P.J.) and Department of Cardiovascular Imaging, (H.C., F.L., M.M.), Hôpital Cardiologique du Haut-Lévêque-CHU de Bordeaux, Pessac, France; IHU LIRYC ANR-10-IAHU-04, Equipex MUSIC ANR-11-EQPX-0030, Université de Bordeaux-Inserm U1045, Pessac, France (H.C., F.S., A.D., N.D., F.L., M. Hocini, M. Haïssaguerre, M.M., P.J.); and Inria, Asclepios Team, Sophia Antipolis, France (M.S.)
| | - François Laurent
- From the Department of Cardiac Electrophysiology (S.Y., F.S., S.M., B.B., D.H., J.-M.S., N.A.J., A.F., Y.K., H.S.L., S.A., A.D., N.D., M.H., M.H., P.J.) and Department of Cardiovascular Imaging, (H.C., F.L., M.M.), Hôpital Cardiologique du Haut-Lévêque-CHU de Bordeaux, Pessac, France; IHU LIRYC ANR-10-IAHU-04, Equipex MUSIC ANR-11-EQPX-0030, Université de Bordeaux-Inserm U1045, Pessac, France (H.C., F.S., A.D., N.D., F.L., M. Hocini, M. Haïssaguerre, M.M., P.J.); and Inria, Asclepios Team, Sophia Antipolis, France (M.S.)
| | - Mélèze Hocini
- From the Department of Cardiac Electrophysiology (S.Y., F.S., S.M., B.B., D.H., J.-M.S., N.A.J., A.F., Y.K., H.S.L., S.A., A.D., N.D., M.H., M.H., P.J.) and Department of Cardiovascular Imaging, (H.C., F.L., M.M.), Hôpital Cardiologique du Haut-Lévêque-CHU de Bordeaux, Pessac, France; IHU LIRYC ANR-10-IAHU-04, Equipex MUSIC ANR-11-EQPX-0030, Université de Bordeaux-Inserm U1045, Pessac, France (H.C., F.S., A.D., N.D., F.L., M. Hocini, M. Haïssaguerre, M.M., P.J.); and Inria, Asclepios Team, Sophia Antipolis, France (M.S.)
| | - Michel Haïssaguerre
- From the Department of Cardiac Electrophysiology (S.Y., F.S., S.M., B.B., D.H., J.-M.S., N.A.J., A.F., Y.K., H.S.L., S.A., A.D., N.D., M.H., M.H., P.J.) and Department of Cardiovascular Imaging, (H.C., F.L., M.M.), Hôpital Cardiologique du Haut-Lévêque-CHU de Bordeaux, Pessac, France; IHU LIRYC ANR-10-IAHU-04, Equipex MUSIC ANR-11-EQPX-0030, Université de Bordeaux-Inserm U1045, Pessac, France (H.C., F.S., A.D., N.D., F.L., M. Hocini, M. Haïssaguerre, M.M., P.J.); and Inria, Asclepios Team, Sophia Antipolis, France (M.S.)
| | - Michel Montaudon
- From the Department of Cardiac Electrophysiology (S.Y., F.S., S.M., B.B., D.H., J.-M.S., N.A.J., A.F., Y.K., H.S.L., S.A., A.D., N.D., M.H., M.H., P.J.) and Department of Cardiovascular Imaging, (H.C., F.L., M.M.), Hôpital Cardiologique du Haut-Lévêque-CHU de Bordeaux, Pessac, France; IHU LIRYC ANR-10-IAHU-04, Equipex MUSIC ANR-11-EQPX-0030, Université de Bordeaux-Inserm U1045, Pessac, France (H.C., F.S., A.D., N.D., F.L., M. Hocini, M. Haïssaguerre, M.M., P.J.); and Inria, Asclepios Team, Sophia Antipolis, France (M.S.)
| | - Pierre Jaïs
- From the Department of Cardiac Electrophysiology (S.Y., F.S., S.M., B.B., D.H., J.-M.S., N.A.J., A.F., Y.K., H.S.L., S.A., A.D., N.D., M.H., M.H., P.J.) and Department of Cardiovascular Imaging, (H.C., F.L., M.M.), Hôpital Cardiologique du Haut-Lévêque-CHU de Bordeaux, Pessac, France; IHU LIRYC ANR-10-IAHU-04, Equipex MUSIC ANR-11-EQPX-0030, Université de Bordeaux-Inserm U1045, Pessac, France (H.C., F.S., A.D., N.D., F.L., M. Hocini, M. Haïssaguerre, M.M., P.J.); and Inria, Asclepios Team, Sophia Antipolis, France (M.S.)
| |
Collapse
|