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Ugorji OL, Onyishi IV, Chukwu A, Attama AA. Engineering 5-flourouracil and leucovorin-loaded vesicular systems for possible colon specific delivery: In vitro evaluation and real time cell assay against HCT-116 colon cell lines. Heliyon 2024; 10:e28872. [PMID: 38655322 PMCID: PMC11035957 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e28872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 03/03/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
5-flourouracil (5-FU) is typically modulated with leucovorin (LEU) in clinical practice to improve clinical efficacy and patient survival rates. However, this combination has undesirable side effects and makes 5-FU more toxic. Hence, integrating a vesicular system (proniosomes) with another delivery vehicle may improve drug targeting, while resolving the aforementioned drawbacks. This study aimed to engineer 5-FU/LEU proniosomes for possible delivery to the colon. The modified slurry approach was used to create drug-loaded proniosomes (150 mg/9 g of carrier) using both water-soluble (dextrin (DEX) and lactose (LAC)) and insoluble (Neusilin FH2 (NEU)) carriers. The powdered formulations were filled into Eudragit S100 (10 %)-coated capsules or Eudragit FS 30D capsules for enteric- or colon-specific delivery. In vitro evaluations (flow properties, powder X-ray diffractometry (XRD) analysis, particle size analysis, entrapment efficiency, drug release, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), polydispersity index, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and stability studies) were performed on the formulations. An in vitro cytotoxicity test [real-time cell assay (RTCA)] against HCT-116 colon cancer cell lines was performed using the optimized formulation. In vitro evaluations showed that the nanoparticles had good physicochemical properties. RTCA studies showed sustained cell death with the formulations compared to the pure drug and placebo. The sequential drug release of the colon-targeted capsules containing 5-FU and LEU- loaded proniosomes showed negligible drug release in SGF (pH 1.2) and phosphate buffer solution (pH 6.8) (approximately 11 %) but profound drug release (>80 %) at pH 7.4. Drug-loaded proniosomes engineered for colon targeting (Eudragit S100 (10 %) capsules or Eudragit FS 30D capsules) showed good colon-specific targeting and favorable in vitro cytotoxicity profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Onyinyechi Lydia Ugorji
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria
| | - Ikechukwu Virgilius Onyishi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria
| | - Amarauche Chukwu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria
| | - Anthony Amaechi Attama
- Drug Delivery and Nanomedicines Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Nigeria
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Yassaroh Y, Nurhaini FF, Woortman AJ, Loos K. In vitro digestibility study of starch complexed with different guest molecules. STARCH-STARKE 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/star.202100208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yassaroh Yassaroh
- Macromolecular Chemistry and New Polymeric Materials Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials University of Groningen Nijenborgh 4 Groningen 9747AG The Netherlands
| | - Feni F. Nurhaini
- Macromolecular Chemistry and New Polymeric Materials Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials University of Groningen Nijenborgh 4 Groningen 9747AG The Netherlands
- Inorganic and Physical Chemistry Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science Institut Teknologi Bandung (ITB) Ganesha 10 Bandung 40 132 Indonesia
| | - Albert J.J. Woortman
- Macromolecular Chemistry and New Polymeric Materials Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials University of Groningen Nijenborgh 4 Groningen 9747AG The Netherlands
| | - Katja Loos
- Macromolecular Chemistry and New Polymeric Materials Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials University of Groningen Nijenborgh 4 Groningen 9747AG The Netherlands
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García MA, Varum F, Al-Gousous J, Hofmann M, Page S, Langguth P. In Vitro Methodologies for Evaluating Colon-Targeted Pharmaceutical Products and Industry Perspectives for Their Applications. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14020291. [PMID: 35214024 PMCID: PMC8876830 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14020291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Revised: 01/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Several locally acting colon-targeted products to treat colonic diseases have been recently developed and marketed, taking advantage of gastrointestinal physiology to target delivery. Main mechanisms involve pH-dependent, time-controlled and/or enzymatic-triggered release. With site of action located before systemic circulation and troublesome colonic sampling, there is room for the introduction of meaningful in vitro methods for development, quality control (QC) and regulatory applications of these formulations. A one-size-fits-all method seems unrealistic, as the selection of experimental conditions should resemble the physiological features exploited to trigger the release. This article reviews the state of the art for bio-predictive dissolution testing of colon-targeted products. Compendial methods overlook physiological aspects, such as buffer molarity and fluid composition. These are critical for pH-dependent products and time-controlled systems containing ionizable drugs. Moreover, meaningful methods for enzymatic-triggered products including either bacteria or enzymes are completely ignored by pharmacopeias. Bio-predictive testing may accelerate the development of successful products, although this may require complex methodologies. However, for high-throughput routine testing (e.g., QC), simplified methods can be used where balance is struck between simplicity, robustness and transferability on one side and bio-predictivity on the other. Ultimately, bio-predictive methods can occupy a special niche in terms of supplementing plasma concentration data for regulatory approval.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mauricio A. García
- Department of Biopharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55099 Mainz, Germany; (M.A.G.); (J.A.-G.)
| | - Felipe Varum
- Pharmaceutical Research and Development, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., 4070 Basel, Switzerland; (F.V.); (M.H.); (S.P.)
| | - Jozef Al-Gousous
- Department of Biopharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55099 Mainz, Germany; (M.A.G.); (J.A.-G.)
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Michigan, 428 Church Street, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Michael Hofmann
- Pharmaceutical Research and Development, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., 4070 Basel, Switzerland; (F.V.); (M.H.); (S.P.)
| | - Susanne Page
- Pharmaceutical Research and Development, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., 4070 Basel, Switzerland; (F.V.); (M.H.); (S.P.)
| | - Peter Langguth
- Department of Biopharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55099 Mainz, Germany; (M.A.G.); (J.A.-G.)
- Correspondence:
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Isolation of Prebiotics from Artocarpus integer's Seed. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE 2021; 2021:9940078. [PMID: 34336997 PMCID: PMC8318755 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9940078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Revised: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
There has been a high amount of attention given to prebiotics due to their significant physiological function and health benefits. Prebiotics contain nondigestible compounds that allow specific changes, both in the growth and in the activity of bacteria in the host gastrointestinal tract, that provide benefits upon the host by promoting a healthy digestive system and preventing disease. This study aims at investigating the potential prebiotic activity of bioactive compounds extracted from the seeds of an underutilized indigenous plant Artocarpus integer (A. integer). The optimum microwave-assisted extraction conditions were a microwave power of 1500 W, extraction time of 180 s, and solvent-to-sample ratio of 1000 : 1. The maximum amount of the total carbohydrate content extracted from A. integer was 787 mg/L. The percentage hydrolysis levels of A. integer extract in gastric juice at pH 1, 2, 3, and 4 were 6.14%, 7.12%, 8.98%, and 10.23%, respectively. For enzymatic digestion, the percentage of hydrolysis was 0.16% at pH 7. A. integer extract was found to support the growth of probiotics such as L. acidophilus and L. casei. After 72 hours of incubation, L. acidophilus achieved 6.96 log10 CFU, whereas L. casei reached 8.33 log10 CFU. The study makes an important contribution to the development of the use of Sarawakian underutilized plants and to the identification of new sources of prebiotic materials to be used in food.
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Venema K, Verhoeven J, Surono IS, Waspodo P, Simatupang A, Kusuma PD. Differential glucose bioaccessibility from native and modified taro-starches in the absence or presence of beet juice. CYTA - JOURNAL OF FOOD 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/19476337.2020.1829073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Koen Venema
- Centre for Healthy Eating & Food Innovation, Maastricht University - Campus Venlo, Venlo, The Netherlands
| | - Jessica Verhoeven
- Centre for Healthy Eating & Food Innovation, Maastricht University - Campus Venlo, Venlo, The Netherlands
| | - Ingrid S. Surono
- Food Technology Department, Faculty of Engineering, Bina Nusantara University, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Priyo Waspodo
- Food Technology Department, Faculty of Engineering, Bina Nusantara University, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | | | - Pratiwi D. Kusuma
- Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Kristen Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia
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Surono IS, Verhoeven J, Venema K. Low glycemic load after digestion of native starch from the indigenous tuber Belitung Taro ( Xanthosoma sagittifolium) in a dynamic in vitro model of the upper GI tract (TIM-1). Food Nutr Res 2020; 64:4623. [PMID: 32754009 PMCID: PMC7381813 DOI: 10.29219/fnr.v64.4623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Revised: 05/30/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Low glycemic foods are beneficial for people with type II diabetes. At the same time, sustained glucose release is also beneficial for people suffering from glycogen storage diseases. Taro (Xanthosoma sagittifolium) is a tuber indigenous to Indonesia, which has starch as the major storage carbohydrate. Objective The aim of the current study was to determine the speed of digestion of native and modified taro starch, compared to free glucose and wheat starch. Design This was investigated in a validated, dynamic computer-controlled in vitro model of the stomach and small intestine (TIM-1). Samples were taken from the dialysate, which reflected glucose absorbed in the blood stream. Results Native taro starch showed a ~1.5-fold reduced digestibility compared to glucose and a ~ 1.35-fold compared to wheat starch. In addition, digestion of native taro starch was moved towards the ileum, and later in time compared to glucose and wheat. With modified taro starch, these effects were not observed. Conclusion In conclusion, native taro starch showed a lower glycemic load than wheat starch and modified taro starch and could be used as a substitute for refined foods by diabetics and people suffering from other glucose metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingrid S Surono
- Food Technology Department, Faculty of Engineering, Bina Nusantara University, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Jessica Verhoeven
- Centre for Healthy Eating and Food Innovation, Maastricht University - Campus Venlo, Venlo, the Netherlands
| | - Koen Venema
- Centre for Healthy Eating and Food Innovation, Maastricht University - Campus Venlo, Venlo, the Netherlands
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Sammour RMF, Taher M, Chatterjee B, Shahiwala A, Mahmood S. Optimization of Aceclofenac Proniosomes by Using Different Carriers, Part 1: Development and Characterization. Pharmaceutics 2019; 11:pharmaceutics11070350. [PMID: 31323799 PMCID: PMC6680652 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics11070350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2019] [Revised: 07/09/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In the contemporary medical model world, the proniosomal system has been serving as a new drug delivery system that is considered to significantly enhance the bioavailability of drugs with low water solubility. The application of this system can improve the bioavailability of aceclofenac that is used for the relief of pain and inflammation in osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, and ankylosing spondylitis. The present study is intended to develop an optimized proniosomal aceclofenac formula by the use of different carriers. Aceclofenac proniosomes have been prepared by slurry method, and different carriers such as maltodextrin, mannitol, and glucose were tried. Prepared proniosomes characterized by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analysis and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) analysis revealed the compatibility of the drug chosen with the ingredient added, powder X-ray diffractometry (XRD) confirmed the amorphous phase of the prepared proniosomes, and finally, the surfactant layer was observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Aceclofenac physical state transformations were confirmed with all formulas but maltodextrin proniosomes exhibited solubility more than other formulations. HPLC method has been used to analyze the niosomes derived from proniosomes in terms of their entrapment capability and drug content. The obtained results revealed that aceclofenac proniosomes can be successfully prepared by using different carriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rana M F Sammour
- Pharmaceutical Technology Department, Kulliyyah of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Malaysia, Kuantan 25200, Pahang, Malaysia
- Pharmaceutics Department, Dubai Pharmacy College for Girls, Dubai, UAE
| | - Muhammad Taher
- Pharmaceutical Technology Department, Kulliyyah of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Malaysia, Kuantan 25200, Pahang, Malaysia.
| | - Bappaditya Chatterjee
- Pharmaceutical Technology Department, Kulliyyah of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Malaysia, Kuantan 25200, Pahang, Malaysia
| | | | - Syed Mahmood
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering Technology, University Malaysia Pahang, Kuantan 26600, Pahang, Malaysia
- Centre for Excellence for Advanced Research in Fluid flow (CARIFF), University Malaysia Pahang, Kuantan 26600, Pahang, Malaysia
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Graf BL, Zhang L, Corradini MG, Kuhn P, Newman SS, Salbaum JM, Raskin I. Physicochemical differences between malanga ( Xanthosoma sagittifolium) and potato ( Solanum tuberosum) tubers are associated with differential effects on the gut microbiome. J Funct Foods 2018; 45:268-276. [PMID: 30416540 PMCID: PMC6221202 DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2018.04.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Malanga (Xanthosoma sagittifolium) is used as a medicinal food for infant development and gastritis. We compared the physicochemical properties and gut microbial effects of malanga versus potato (Solanum tuberosum) using nutritional analysis, rheometry, in vitro TNO Intestinal Model, and C57Bl/6J mouse models. Malanga was characterized by higher starch (70.7% v. 66.3%), lower amylose:amylopectin (0.33 v. 0.59), higher free sugar (5.44% v. 3.23%), lower viscosity (271.0 v. 863.0 mPa.s), and higher bioaccessible and bioavailable sugar (0.89 v. 0.11 g bioaccessible sucrose per 20 g load in vitro; blood glucose levels of 129.1 v. 95.2 and 133.8 v. 104.3 mg/dL after 20 and 60 min in vivo). Gut microbiota of mice fed a high fat diet containing 20% malanga for 14 d exhibited significantly higher α diversity than those fed 20% potato, indicating that minor physicochemical differences between similar tuber crops are associated with significantly different effects on the gut microbiome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brittany L. Graf
- Department of Plant Biology, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Plant Biology, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
| | - Maria G. Corradini
- Department of Food Science, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
| | - Peter Kuhn
- Department of Plant Biology, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
| | - Susan S. Newman
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, 6400 Perkins Rd, Baton Rouge, LA 70808, USA
| | - J. Michael Salbaum
- Pennington Biomedical Research Center, 6400 Perkins Rd, Baton Rouge, LA 70808, USA
| | - Ilya Raskin
- Department of Plant Biology, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
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Kawakami S, Han KH, Araki T, Ohba K, Wakabayashi T, Shimada K, Fukushima M. Potato powders prepared by successive cooking-process depending on resistant starch content affect the intestinal fermentation in rats. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2017; 81:359-364. [DOI: 10.1080/09168451.2016.1254537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The effects of resistant starch (RS) in dry potato powders prepared by various processes on intestinal fermentation in rats were assessed. Rats were fed raw potato powder (RP), blanched potato powder (BP), steamed potato powder (SP), or drum-dried potato powder (DP) for 4 weeks. The cecal RS content was significantly higher in the RP group than in the control diet (CN) group and other dry potato powder groups. Cecum pH was significantly lower in the RP group compared to the CN group, and was also significantly lower than that in the SP, BP, and DP groups. Lactic acid bacteria levels in the RP group were significantly higher than those in the CN group, and levels in the SP group also increased relative to the control group. Lactobacillus levels in the RP group were higher than in the CN and other dry potato powder groups. Cecal short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) concentrations in the RP group followed by the SP group exhibited significantly higher levels relative to the control levels. Dry potato powders containing RS produced during the cooking process may represent a useful food material that increases intestinal concentrations of SCFA and enhances the growth of certain lactic acid bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sakura Kawakami
- Department of Food Science, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro, Japan
| | - Kyu-Ho Han
- Department of Food Science, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro, Japan
| | - Takahiro Araki
- Department of Food Science, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro, Japan
| | - Kiyoshi Ohba
- Public Interest Incorporated Foundation, Tokachi Foundation, Obihiro, Japan
| | | | - Kenichiro Shimada
- Department of Food Science, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro, Japan
| | - Michihiro Fukushima
- Department of Food Science, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro, Japan
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10
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The effect of different nixtamalisation processes on some physicochemical properties, nutritional composition and glycemic index. J Cereal Sci 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcs.2015.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Schnorr SL, Crittenden AN, Venema K, Marlowe FW, Henry AG. Assessing digestibility of Hadza tubers using a dynamic in-vitro model. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL ANTHROPOLOGY 2015; 158:371-85. [PMID: 26174414 DOI: 10.1002/ajpa.22805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2014] [Accepted: 06/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Bioaccessibility is a useful measure for assessing the biological value of a particular nutrient from food, especially foods such as tubers. The wild tubers exploited by Hadza foragers in Tanzania are of interest because they are nontoxic, consumed raw or briefly roasted, and entail substantial physical barriers to consumers. In this study, we attempted to elucidate the biological value of Hadza tubers by measuring the absorption of glucose through in-vitro digestion. METHODS We quantified digestibility using data from 24 experimental trials on four species of Hadza tuber using a dynamic in-vitro model that replicates digestion in the stomach and small intestine. Analysis of glucose in the input meal and output dialysate revealed the accessible glucose fraction. We also conducted assays for protein, vitamin, and mineral content on whole tubers and meal fractions. RESULTS Bioaccessibility of glucose varies depending on tuber species. Holding effects of chewing constant, brief roasting had negligible effects, but high intraspecific variation precludes interpretive power. Overall, Hadza tubers are very resistant to digestion, with between one- and two-thirds of glucose absorbed on average. Glucose absorption negatively correlated with glucose concentration of the tubers. CONCLUSIONS Roasting may provide other benefits such as ease of peeling and chewing to extract edible parenchymatous tissue. A powerful factor in glucose acquisition is tuber quality, placing emphasis on the skill of the forager. Other nutrient assays yielded unexpectedly high values for protein, iron, and iodine, making tubers potentially valuable resources beyond caloric content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie L Schnorr
- Plant Foods in Hominin Dietary Ecology Research Group, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, 04103, Germany
| | - Alyssa N Crittenden
- Metabolism, Anthropometry, and Nutrition Laboratory, Department of Anthropology, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Nevada, 89154-5003
| | - Koen Venema
- Department of Pharmacokinetics & Human Studies, TNO Healthy Living, Zeist, NL-3704 HE, The Netherlands
| | - Frank W Marlowe
- Division of Biological Anthropology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, Cb2 1TN, UK
| | - Amanda G Henry
- Plant Foods in Hominin Dietary Ecology Research Group, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, Leipzig, 04103, Germany
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12
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Nalin T, Venema K, Weinstein DA, de Souza CFM, Perry IDS, van Wandelen MTR, van Rijn M, Smit GPA, Schwartz IVD, Derks TGJ. In vitro digestion of starches in a dynamic gastrointestinal model: an innovative study to optimize dietary management of patients with hepatic glycogen storage diseases. J Inherit Metab Dis 2015; 38:529-36. [PMID: 25224825 DOI: 10.1007/s10545-014-9763-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2014] [Revised: 08/11/2014] [Accepted: 08/14/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Uncooked cornstarch (UCCS) is a widely used treatment strategy for patients with hepatic glycogen storage disease (GSD). It has been observed that GSD-patients display different metabolic responses to different cornstarches. The objective was to characterize starch fractions and analyze the digestion of different starches in a dynamic gastrointestinal in vitro model. The following brands of UCCS were studied: Argo and Great Value from the United States of America; Brazilian Maizena Duryea and Yoki from Brazil; Dutch Maizena Duryea from the Netherlands. Glycosade, a modified starch, and sweet polvilho, a Brazilian starch extracted from cassava, were also studied. The starch fractions were analyzed by glycemic TNO index method and digestion analyses were determined by the TIM-1 system, a dynamic, computer-controlled, in vitro gastrointestinal model, which simulates the stomach and small intestine. The final digested amounts were between 84 and 86% for the UCCS and Glycosade, but was 75.5% for sweet povilho. At 180 min of the experiment, an important time-point for GSD patients, the digested amount of the starches corresponded to 67.9-71.5 for the UCCS and Glycosade, while it was 55.5% for sweet povilho. In an experiment with a mixture of sweet polvilho and Brazilian Maizena Duryea, a final digested amount of 78.4% was found, while the value at 180 min was 61.7%. Sweet polvilho seems to have a slower and extended release of glucose and looks like an interesting product to be further studied as it might lead to extended normoglycemia in GSD-patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiéle Nalin
- Post-Graduation Program in Genetics and Molecular Biology, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
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13
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Zi-Ni T, Rosma A, Napisah H, Karim AA, Liong MT. Characteristics ofMetroxylon saguResistant Starch Type III as Prebiotic Substance. J Food Sci 2015; 80:H875-82. [DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.12817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2014] [Accepted: 01/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tan Zi-Ni
- School of Industrial Technology; Univ. Sains Malaysia; 11800 Penang Malaysia
| | - Ahmad Rosma
- School of Industrial Technology; Univ. Sains Malaysia; 11800 Penang Malaysia
| | - Hussin Napisah
- School of Industrial Technology; Univ. Sains Malaysia; 11800 Penang Malaysia
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences; Univ. Sultan Zainal Abidin; 21300 Terengganu Malaysia
| | - Alias A. Karim
- School of Industrial Technology; Univ. Sains Malaysia; 11800 Penang Malaysia
| | - Min-Tze Liong
- School of Industrial Technology; Univ. Sains Malaysia; 11800 Penang Malaysia
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14
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Lafond M, Bouza B, Eyrichine S, Rouffineau F, Saulnier L, Giardina T, Bonnin E, Preynat A. In vitro gastrointestinal digestion study of two wheat cultivars and evaluation of xylanase supplementation. J Anim Sci Biotechnol 2015; 6:5. [PMID: 25785187 PMCID: PMC4362821 DOI: 10.1186/s40104-015-0002-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2014] [Accepted: 01/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The filamentous fungus Talaromyces versatilis is known to improve the metabolizable energy of wheat-based poultry diets thanks to its ability to produce a pool of CAZymes and particularly endo-β(1,4)-xylanases. In order to appreciate their in vivo mode of action, the supplementation effect of two of its xylanases, XynD and XynB from families GH10 and GH11 respectively, have been evaluated on two different wheat cultivars Caphorn and Isengrain, which were chosen amongst 6 varieties for their difference in non starch polysaccharides content and arabinoxylan composition. RESULTS Polysaccharides digestion was followed during 6 h along the digestive tract using the TNO gastrointestinal model-1, to mimic monogastric metabolism. Polysaccharide degradation appeared to occur mainly at the jejunal level and was higher with Isengrain than with Caphorn. For both cultivars, XynD and XynB supplementation increased notably the amount of reducing end sugars into the jejuno-ileal dialysates, which has been confirmed by a valuable increase of the soluble glucose into the jejunal dialysates. CONCLUSIONS The amounts of arabinose and xylose into the dialysates and ileal deliveries increased consequently mainly for Caphorn, suggesting that XynD and XynB supplementation in wheat-based diet could alleviate the anti-nutritional effects of arabinoxylans by limiting the physical entrapment of starch and could increase the available metabolizable energy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mickael Lafond
- />iSm2 - BiosCiences UMR 7313, Aix Marseille Université, Centrale Marseille, CNRS, Marseille, France
| | - Bernard Bouza
- />Adisseo France S.A.S., Centre d’Expertise et de Recherche en Nutrition, Commentry, France
| | - Sandrine Eyrichine
- />INRA, UR 1268 - Biopolymères - Interactions – Assemblages, Nantes, France
| | - Friedrich Rouffineau
- />Adisseo France S.A.S., Centre d’Expertise et de Recherche en Nutrition, Commentry, France
| | - Luc Saulnier
- />INRA, UR 1268 - Biopolymères - Interactions – Assemblages, Nantes, France
| | - Thierry Giardina
- />iSm2 - BiosCiences UMR 7313, Aix Marseille Université, Centrale Marseille, CNRS, Marseille, France
| | - Estelle Bonnin
- />INRA, UR 1268 - Biopolymères - Interactions – Assemblages, Nantes, France
| | - Aurélie Preynat
- />Adisseo France S.A.S., Centre d’Expertise et de Recherche en Nutrition, Commentry, France
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An integrative in vitro approach to analyse digestion of wheat polysaccharides and the effect of enzyme supplementation. Br J Nutr 2012; 106:264-73. [PMID: 21554815 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114511000134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The digestion of polysaccharides from the wheat cultivars Caphorn and Isengrain was investigated, and the efficiency of an enzyme preparation was tested using the TNO gastrointestinal model (TIM-1). The apparent digestibility (AD) of carbohydrates was determined based on the measurement of organic matter (OM), total monosaccharides, reducing ends (RE) and end products (EP: glucose, maltose and xylobiose). The AD of the OM from Caphorn and Isengrain measured using caecectomised cockerels did not differ from that measured using TIM-1: 72.0 (SD 2.6) v. 70.6 (SD 0.6) % for Caphorn (P = 0.580) and 73.0 (SD 2.3) v. 71.1 (SD 1.9) % for Isengrain (P = 0.252). After the 6 h TIM-1 digestion, 41.4-58.9 % of the OM, RE and EP were recovered from the jejunal compartment and 18.3-27.1 % from the ileal compartment, while ileal deliveries and digestive residues constituted the remainder. A commercial enzyme cocktail tested at 0.2 μl/g of wheat improved TIM-1 digestibility of Caphorn and Isengrain polysaccharides: 3.9 % (P = 0.0203) and 3.4 % (P = 0.0058) based on the OM; 9.7 % (P < 0.0001) and 3.1 % (P = 0.031) based on the total glucose; 47.2 % (P < 0.0001) and 14.2 % (P = 0.0004) based on the RE, respectively. The enzyme cocktail improved the release of the EP for Caphorn (3.8 %, P = 0.008) but not for Isengrain ( − 0.8 %, P = 0.561). The higher efficiency of the enzyme supplementation on the digestion of Caphorn polysaccharides compared with Isengrain seems to be linked to the higher soluble carbohydrate contents and/or less ramified arabinoxylan of Caphorn.
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Resistant Starch Content, Starch Digestibility and the Fermentation of Some Tropical Starches In Vitro. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s13228-011-0013-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Abstract
Starch is the most important source of energy for humans, and it is present in many products derived from cereals, legumes and tubers. Interestingly, some of these food products can have different metabolic effects (e.g. change of postprandial blood glucose concentration) although the total amount of starch is the same. This review focuses on a microstructural perspective of the glycemic response, in search of an alternative and complementary explanation of this phenomenon. Several starch and food microstructures are responsible for the change in starch bioaccessibility. Aspects such as the characterization of the microstructure of starchy products and, its relation to the metabolic problem, the crucial role of the food matrix and other components in the ingested meal, and the gaps in our present knowledge are discussed.
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Sato Y, Wada Y, Higo A. Analysis of water layers and the extent of gelatinization for commercial starch products. J FOOD ENG 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2010.03.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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SHIM SOONMI, KWON HOONJEONG. ASSESSING ABSORBABILITY OF BIOACTIVE COMPONENTS IN ALOE USINGIN VITRODIGESTION MODEL WITH HUMAN INTESTINAL CELL. J Food Biochem 2010. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1745-4514.2009.00289.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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20
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Aparicio C, Resa P, Elvira L, Molina-García A, Martino M, Sanz P. Assessment of starch gelatinization by ultrasonic and calorimetric techniques. J FOOD ENG 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2009.03.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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21
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Shu X, Jia L, Ye H, Li C, Wu D. Slow digestion properties of rice different in resistant starch. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2009; 57:7552-9. [PMID: 20349922 DOI: 10.1021/jf900988h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The hydrolysis of starch is a key factor for controlling the glycemic index (GI). Slow digestion properties of starch lead to slower glucose release and lower glycemic response. Food with high resistant starch (RS) possesses great value for controlling the GI. To elucidate the factors that play a role in slow digestibility, seven rice mutants different in RS contents were selected for comparative studies. The degree of hydrolysis showed highly significant correlation with RS, apparent amylose content (AAC), lipid content (LC), and other starch physiochemical properties in all these materials with different RS contents. The rate of in vitro digestible starch correlated positively with RS, whereas digestibility was affected mostly by lipid content for those mutants with similar RS. Starch-lipid complexes and short chains with degrees of polymerization (DP) of 8-12 strongly influenced starch digestion. The integrity of aggregated starch and the number of round starch granules might influence the digestibility of starch directly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Shu
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Key Laboratory of Chinese Ministry of Agriculture for Nuclear-Agricultural Sciences, IAEA Collaborating Center, Institute of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
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Hwang DK, Kim SW, Kim JH, Ryu JH, Yoo SH, Park CS, Kim BY, Baik MY. In vitro Digestibility of Hydroxypropylated and Cross-linked Waxy and Non-waxy Rice Starches. STARCH-STARKE 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/star.200800215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Meunier JP, Manzanilla EG, Anguita M, Denis S, Pérez JF, Gasa J, Cardot JM, Garcia F, Moll X, Alric M. Evaluation of a dynamic in vitro model to simulate the porcine ileal digestion of diets differing in carbohydrate composition. J Anim Sci 2008; 86:1156-63. [PMID: 18203977 DOI: 10.2527/jas.2007-0145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the study was to assess the ability of a dynamic in vitro model to determine the digestibility of OM, CP, and starch compared with a validated, static, in vitro method and in vivo ileal digestibility obtained from growing pigs fitted with a T-cannula. Five experimental diets with different carbohydrate types and level were assessed: a standard corn-based diet (ST) or the same diet with coarse ground corn (CC), 8% sugar beet pulp (BP), 10% wheat bran (WB), or 8% sugar beet pulp and 10% wheat bran (HF). In the in vivo experiment, diets CC and HF reduced (P = 0.015) ileal digestibility of OM compared with the ST diet. The inclusion of sugar beet pulp reduced (P = 0.049) ileal CP digestibility of the BP diet. This reduction was not statistically significant when sugar beet pulp was combined with the wheat bran in the HF diet. No differences were shown for in vivo starch digestibility among diets. With the static in vitro method, the OM disappearance was greater than that observed in the in vivo experiment. In this static method, the BP and HF diets reduced (P = 0.004 and < 0.001, respectively) the disappearance of the OM compared with the ST diet. The coarse grinding of corn did not alter OM digestibility but decreased (P = 0.005) the starch digestibility. The R(2) between the in vivo results and the static in vitro methods for OM and starch digestibility was 0.99 when the CC diet was not considered. The dynamic in vitro model yielded OM and CP digestibility coefficients comparable with those obtained in vivo for the ST and CC diets. However, the values were considerably affected by the incorporation of the fibrous ingredients. Diets BP, WB, and HF had decreased (P = 0.009, 0.058, and 0.004, respectively) OM digestibility compared with the ST diet. Protein digestibility was also decreased (P < 0.001, P = 0.019, and P = 0.003, respectively) with the BP, WB, and HF diets compared with the ST diet. However, digestibility was decreased to a greater extent in the BP diet than in the WB and HF diets, both of which contained wheat bran. The R(2) between the dynamic in vitro model and the in vivo results for CP digestibility was 0.99 when the CC diet was not considered. No differences were detected for starch digestibility among the diets with the dynamic in vitro model. This dynamic in vitro model yielded ileal digestibility results comparable with those obtained in vivo for CP and OM with a corn-soybean diet, or with a diet including coarse corn, but it underestimated digestibility when fibrous ingredients were included in the diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- J P Meunier
- Equipe de Recherche Technologique Conception, Ingénierie et Développement de l'Aliment et du Médicament, Centre de Recherche en Nutrition Humaine, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université d'Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France.
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