Anatomical distribution, the incidence of malignancy and diagnostic workup in the pathological lesions of the clavicle: a review of 410 cases

Clinical Characteristics of Pediatric Clavicular Lesions: A Retrospective Analysis of 20 Cases

Background This research aims to study the diagnostic patterns, anatomical locations, and age-related trends in pediatric clavicular lesions, filling a gap in pediatric-specific data for these conditions. Methodology A retrospective study of 20 pediatric patients (aged ≤14 years) with clavicular lesions was conducted based on inclusion and exclusion criteria emphasizing confirmed diagnosis and treatment specifics. The diagnostic process relied on open biopsy, followed by excision or curettage and histopathological examination. Results The study primarily involved patients with an average age of 7.1 ± 3.8 years. Eosinophilic granuloma was the most common diagnosis (30% of cases), particularly in the age group of 0-3 years. Clavicular lesions predominantly manifested as either a palpable lump or localized swelling with pain. The medial of the clavicle was the most frequent lesion location. No malignant tumors were found, and the functional outcomes post-treatment were satisfactory. Conclusions Pediatric clavicular lesions exhibit distinct diagnostic and anatomical characteristics compared to adults. Eosinophilic granuloma is significantly prevalent in early childhood, necessitating age-specific diagnostic and therapeutic approaches. The study advocates for multidisciplinary collaboration in the treatment and improved understanding of these lesions, which are vital for pediatric orthopedic oncology.