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Moshy JR, Sohala KS, Sebasaza FM, Berege G. Retrospective Analysis of Histopathological Reports of Salivary Gland Pleomorphic Adenomas in Tanzania. East Afr Health Res J 2024; 8:195-199. [PMID: 39296770 PMCID: PMC11407128 DOI: 10.24248/eahrj.v8i2.781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2024] [Indexed: 09/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Pleomorphic adenoma (PA) is the most common benign tumor representing about 80% of all salivary gland tumors. Despite this, there is limited documentation of the demographic information and pattern of PA in Tanzania. This study retrospectively determines the demographic information and the pattern of presentation of pleomorphic adenomas of the salivary gland among patients managed at a tertiary hospital in Tanzania. Methods This was a retrospective study of histological results of salivary gland pleomorphic adenoma diagnosed between 2016 and 2021. The information gathered included the age and sex of the patient and the anatomical location. Data analysis was done using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 27 computer program. Results Out of 1824 reports of patients with oral and maxillofacial lesions retrieved from the archives of the department, 62 (3.4%) had the diagnosis of pleomorphic adenoma of the salivary glands. The patients' ages at diagnosis ranged from 7 to 72 years, with a mean age of 39.9 (SEM = 2.3) years. The male-to-female ratio of patients diagnosed with pleomorphic adenoma was 1:1. There were 31 (50%) cases of pleomorphic adenomas affecting major salivary glands. The palatal minor salivary glands were the most (n=31, 50%) affected followed by the parotid gland (n=16, 25.8%). Conclusion Pleomorphic adenomas have no sex predilection, most of these lesions occur during the 3rd to 5th decade of life. The majority of pleomorphic adenomas occur in the palatal minor salivary glands.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Karpal Singh Sohala
- Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
- Muhimbili National Hospital, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
| | | | - Gemma Berege
- Muhimbili National Hospital, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
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Lin W, Ye W, Ma J, Wang S, Chen P, Yang Y, Yin B. Differentiation of parotid pleomorphic adenoma from Warthin tumor using signal intensity ratios on fat-suppressed T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 2024; 137:310-319. [PMID: 38195353 DOI: 10.1016/j.oooo.2023.12.786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the value of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) signal intensity ratios (SIRs) based on fat-suppressed T2-weighted imaging (FS-T2WI), together with demographic features, MRI anatomical characteristics, and SIRs of histopathological patterns of the tumors, in the differentiation of parotid pleomorphic adenoma (PA) from Warthin tumor (WT). STUDY DESIGN In total, 90 patients with PA and 56 patients with WT were enrolled in the study. SIRs of tumor to normal parotid gland (SIR-T/P), spinal cord (SIR-T/S), and muscle (SIR-T/M) were calculated. Demographic and radiological features of the 2-patient groups were compared with univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression analysis. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC), sensitivity, and specificity were analyzed to evaluate the utility of SIRs in distinguishing between PA and WT. RESULTS SIR-T/P exhibited outstanding discriminating ability (AUC = 0.934), SIR-T/S had excellent discrimination (AUC = 0.839), and SIR-T/M showed acceptable discrimination (AUC = 0.728). When SIR-T/P of 1.96 was selected as the cutoff value, sensitivity and specificity were 0.756 and 0.982, respectively. SIR-T/P, age, sex, and number of lesions were identified as independent predictors by multivariate logistic regression analysis. Differences in SIRs between histopathological patterns were significant. CONCLUSION SIR-T/P based on FS-T2WI is an effective discriminator in the differential diagnosis between PA and WT. Age, sex, and number of lesions provided additional value in differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenqing Lin
- Department of Stomatology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei Province, China; School of Stomatology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei Province, China
| | - Weihu Ye
- Department of Stomatology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei Province, China; School of Stomatology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei Province, China
| | - Jingzhi Ma
- Department of Stomatology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei Province, China; School of Stomatology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei Province, China
| | - Shiwen Wang
- Department of Stomatology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei Province, China; School of Stomatology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei Province, China
| | - Pan Chen
- Department of Stomatology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei Province, China; School of Stomatology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei Province, China
| | - Yan Yang
- Department of Stomatology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei Province, China; School of Stomatology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei Province, China.
| | - Bing Yin
- Department of Radiology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei Province, China.
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Liu XH, Miao YY, Qian L, Shi ZT, Wang Y, Su JL, Chang C, Chen JY, Chen JG, Li JW. Deep learning based ultrasound analysis facilitates precise distinction between parotid pleomorphic adenoma and Warthin tumor. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1337631. [PMID: 38476360 PMCID: PMC10927830 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1337631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Pleomorphic adenoma (PA), often with the benign-like imaging appearances similar to Warthin tumor (WT), however, is a potentially malignant tumor with a high recurrence rate. It is worse that pathological fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is difficult to distinguish PA and WT for inexperienced pathologists. This study employed deep learning (DL) technology, which effectively utilized ultrasound images, to provide a reliable approach for discriminating PA from WT. Methods 488 surgically confirmed patients, including 266 with PA and 222 with WT, were enrolled in this study. Two experienced ultrasound physicians independently evaluated all images to differentiate between PA and WT. The diagnostic performance of preoperative FNAC was also evaluated. During the DL study, all ultrasound images were randomly divided into training (70%), validation (20%), and test (10%) sets. Furthermore, ultrasound images that could not be diagnosed by FNAC were also randomly allocated to training (60%), validation (20%), and test (20%) sets. Five DL models were developed to classify ultrasound images as PA or WT. The robustness of these models was assessed using five-fold cross-validation. The Gradient-weighted Class Activation Mapping (Grad-CAM) technique was employed to visualize the region of interest in the DL models. Results In Grad-CAM analysis, the DL models accurately identified the mass as the region of interest. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) of the two ultrasound physicians were 0.351 and 0.598, and FNAC achieved an AUROC of only 0.721. Meanwhile, for DL models, the AUROC value for discriminating between PA and WT in the test set was from 0.828 to 0.908. ResNet50 demonstrated the optimal performance with an AUROC of 0.908, an accuracy of 0.833, a sensitivity of 0.736, and a specificity of 0.904. In the test set of cases that FNAC failed to provide a diagnosis, DenseNet121 demonstrated the optimal performance with an AUROC of 0.897, an accuracy of 0.806, a sensitivity of 0.789, and a specificity of 0.824. Conclusion For the discrimination of PA and WT, DL models are superior to ultrasound and FNAC, thereby facilitating surgeons in making informed decisions regarding the most appropriate surgical approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi-hui Liu
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi-yi Miao
- School of AI and Advanced Computing, XJTLU Entrepreneur College (Taicang), Xi’an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou, China
| | - Lang Qian
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhao-ting Shi
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Wang
- Department of Oral Pathology, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiong-long Su
- School of AI and Advanced Computing, XJTLU Entrepreneur College (Taicang), Xi’an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou, China
| | - Cai Chang
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jia-ying Chen
- Department of Neck Surgery, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian-gang Chen
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Multidimensional Information Processing, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jia-wei Li
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Corsi A, Riminucci M. When pathologists are lost along the way. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2023; 280:4307. [PMID: 36947250 DOI: 10.1007/s00405-023-07930-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Corsi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 291, 00161, Rome, Italy.
| | - Mara Riminucci
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, Viale Regina Elena 291, 00161, Rome, Italy
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