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Hurník P, Režnarová J, Chyra Z, Motyka O, Putnová BM, Čermáková Z, Blažek T, Fománek M, Gaykalova D, Buchtová M, Ševčíková T, Štembírek J. Enhancing oral squamous cell carcinoma prediction: the prognostic power of the worst pattern of invasion and the limited impact of molecular resection margins. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1287650. [PMID: 38188288 PMCID: PMC10766711 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1287650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) originates from the mucosal lining of the oral cavity. Almost half of newly diagnosed cases are classified as advanced stage IV disease, which makes resection difficult. In this study, we investigated the pathological features and mutation profiles of tumor margins in OSCC. Methods We performed hierarchical clustering of principal components to identify distinct patterns of tumor growth and their association with patient prognosis. We also used next-generation sequencing to analyze somatic mutations in tumor and marginal tissue samples. Results Our analyses uncovered that the grade of worst pattern of invasion (WPOI) is strongly associated with depth of invasion and patient survival in multivariable analysis. Mutations were primarily detected in the DNA isolated from tumors, but several mutations were also identified in marginal tissue. In total, we uncovered 29 mutated genes, mainly tumor suppressor genes involved in DNA repair including BRCA genes; however none of these mutations significantly correlated with a higher chance of relapse in our medium-size cohort. Some resection margins that appeared histologically normal harbored tumorigenic mutations in TP53 and CDKN2A genes. Conclusion Even histologically normal margins may contain molecular alterations that are not detectable by conventional histopathological methods, but NCCN classification system still outperforms other methods in the prediction of the probability of disease relapse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pavel Hurník
- Institute of Clinical and Molecular Pathology, University Hospital Ostrava, Ostrava, Czechia
- Institute of Clinical and Molecular Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ostrava, Ostrava, Czechia
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
| | - Jana Režnarová
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Ostrava, Ostrava, Czechia
- Department of Craniofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Ostrava University, Ostrava, Ostrava, Czechia
| | - Zuzana Chyra
- Department of Hematooncology, University Hospital Ostrava, Ostrava, Czechia
| | - Oldřich Motyka
- Department of Environmental Engineering, VSB-Technical University of Ostrava, Ostrava, Czechia
| | - Barbora Moldovan Putnová
- Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czechia
- Department of Pathological Morphology and Parasitology, University of Veterinary Sciences Brno, Brno, Czechia
| | - Zuzana Čermáková
- Department of Oncology, University Hospital Ostrava, Ostrava, Czechia
| | - Tomáš Blažek
- Department of Oncology, University Hospital Ostrava, Ostrava, Czechia
| | - Martin Fománek
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Hospital Ostrava, Ostrava, Czechia
| | - Daria Gaykalova
- Institute for Genome Sciences, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Marlene and Stewart Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Maryland Medical Center, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Department of Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Marcela Buchtová
- Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czechia
- Department of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czechia
| | - Tereza Ševčíková
- Department of Hematooncology, University Hospital Ostrava, Ostrava, Czechia
| | - Jan Štembírek
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Ostrava, Ostrava, Czechia
- Department of Craniofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Ostrava University, Ostrava, Ostrava, Czechia
- Institute of Animal Physiology and Genetics, Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czechia
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