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Smith JH, Lynch V, Amankwaa AO, Budowle B, Fonseca SA, Shako SK, Molefe I. 4th DNA Forensic Symposium: Challenges and future directions in Africa. Forensic Sci Int Synerg 2024; 9:100555. [PMID: 39328325 PMCID: PMC11424799 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsisyn.2024.100555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2024] [Revised: 09/02/2024] [Accepted: 09/06/2024] [Indexed: 09/28/2024]
Abstract
The 4th Forensic DNA Symposium in Africa underscored the critical role of regional collaboration in advancing forensic sciences, with a particular focus on forensic DNA examinations, databases, and humanitarian initiatives. The symposium aimed to assess the current forensic DNA capabilities across African countries and develop strategies to expand and better utilize DNA platforms. Key findings from the symposium highlight the necessity for enhanced cooperation among African nations to build robust forensic DNA databases and improve data-sharing mechanisms. The symposium also identified significant gaps in current capabilities and the need to develop legal frameworks, infrastructure, and expertise to support forensic initiatives. Moving forward, these findings suggest a strategic focus on capacity building, establishing standardized procedures, and implementing sustainable forensic practices across the continent. Champions were nominated by attending delegates to lead their respective countries in the implementation of these strategies, marking a critical step towards strengthening forensic science in Africa and addressing the pressing challenges related to crime and humanitarian efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- J H Smith
- Forensic Services, South African Police Service/ University of South Africa. Corresponding author, 270 Pretorius Street, Arcadia, Pretoria, 0001, South Africa
| | - V Lynch
- DNAforAfrica, City of Cape Town, Western Cape, South Africa
| | - A O Amankwaa
- University Quality Lead (CSFS Accreditation), Department of Applied Sciences, UK
| | - B Budowle
- Department of Forensic Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland/ Forensic Science Institute, Radford University, Radford, VA, 24013, USA
| | - S A Fonseca
- African Centre for Medicolegal Systems, Missing Persons Global Response, International Committee of the Red Cross, 202 East Avenue Sunnyside, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - S K Shako
- Advisor to Chief Justice and President of the Supreme Court, Kenya
| | - I Molefe
- University of Cape Town, South Africa
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Kofi AE, Agyemang DA, Ghansah A, Awandare GA, Hakim HM, Khan HO, Nur Haslindawaty AR, Aziz MY, Chambers GK, Edinur HA. A genetic Study of the Ghanaian Population Using 15 Autosomal STR Loci. Biochem Genet 2023; 61:1850-1866. [PMID: 36869999 DOI: 10.1007/s10528-023-10347-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2023]
Abstract
Autosomal short tandem repeat (STR) population data collected from a well characterized population are needed to correctly assigning the weight of DNA profiles in the courtroom and widely used for ancestral analyses. In this study, allele frequencies for the 15 autosomal short tandem repeat (STR) loci included in the AmpFlSTR® Identifiler® plus kit (D8S1179, D21S11, D7S820, CSF1PO, D3S1358, TH01, D13S317, D16S539, D2S1338, D19S433, VWA, TPOX, D18S51, D5S818, FGA) were obtained by genotyping 332 unrelated individuals of Ghanaian origin. Statistical tests on STR genotype data showed no significant departure from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (HWE). The overall match probability, combined power of exclusion and combined power of discrimination for these loci were 1 in 3.85 × 1017, 0.99999893 and 0.99999998, respectively. Polymorphic information content (PIC) greater than 0.70 was observed for all loci except TH01 and D13S317. These statistical parameters confirm that this combination of loci is valuable for forensic identification and parentage analysis. Our results were also compared with those for 20 other human populations analyzed for the same set of markers. We observed that the Ghanaian population grouped with other African populations in two-dimensional principal coordinate (PCO) and a neighbor-joining (N-J) data mapping and placed closest to Nigerians. This observation reflects cultural similarities and geographical factors, coupled with the long history of migration and trading activities between Ghana and Nigeria. Our report provides what we believe to be the first published autosomal STR data for the general Ghanaian population using 15 loci genotyped using the AmpFlSTR® Identifiler® plus kit methodology. Our data show that the loci tested have sufficient power to be used reliably for DNA profiling in forensic casework and help to elucidate the genetic history of people living in the country.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abban Edward Kofi
- Forensic Science Programme, School of Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, 16150, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia.
- Forensic Science Laboratory, Criminal Investigation Department, Ghana Police Service, 00233, Accra, Ghana.
| | - David Adjem Agyemang
- Forensic Science Laboratory, Criminal Investigation Department, Ghana Police Service, 00233, Accra, Ghana
| | - Anita Ghansah
- Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, University of Ghana, Legon, 00233, Accra, Ghana
| | - Gordon A Awandare
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Ghana, Legon, 00233, Accra, Ghana
| | - Hashom Mohd Hakim
- School of Industrial Technologies, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800, Gelugor, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
- DNA Databank Division (D13), Criminal Investigation Department, Royal Malaysian Police, 43200, Cheras, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Hussein Omar Khan
- DNA Databank Division (D13), Criminal Investigation Department, Royal Malaysian Police, 43200, Cheras, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Abd Rashid Nur Haslindawaty
- Forensic Science Programme, School of Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, 16150, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Yusmaidie Aziz
- Integrative Medicine Cluster, Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 13200, Kepala Batas, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia
| | - Geoffrey Keith Chambers
- School of Biological Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, P.O. Box 600, Wellington, New Zealand
| | - Hisham Atan Edinur
- Forensic Science Programme, School of Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, 16150, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia.
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Borosky A, Rotondo M, Eppel S, Gusmão L, Vullo C. Allele frequency data for 23 aSTR for different ethnic groups from Republic of Zimbabwe. Int J Legal Med 2021; 135:1753-1765. [PMID: 33559001 DOI: 10.1007/s00414-021-02514-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
In order to determine the population allele frequencies of autosomal STR markers of forensic interest in the Zimbabwean population, we analyzed a sample of 478 individuals from 19 different ethnic groups using the PowerPlex® Fusion 6C Kit (Promega Corp, Madison, Wisconsin). The data obtained were compared among the different Zimbabwean ethnic groups as well as with several African populations to establish whether significant differences exist among them. No significant differences were found among the ethnic groups in Zimbabwe. Statistically significant differences were observed between allele frequencies in Zimbabwe and some other African populations, although FST with neighboring Bantu populations from South and Southeast regions were low (below 0.005 in most single locus comparisons).
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Martina Rotondo
- Forensic Genetics Laboratory, Argentine Forensic Anthropology Team, Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Shari Eppel
- Department of Anthropology, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Leonor Gusmão
- DNA Diagnostic Laboratory (LDD), State University of Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro, 20550-900, Brazil
| | - Carlos Vullo
- LIDMO, EME1, Independencia 644,4A, Córdoba, Argentina.
- Forensic Genetics Laboratory, Argentine Forensic Anthropology Team, Córdoba, Argentina.
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Li W, Wang X, Wang X, Wang F, Du Z, Fu F, Wu W, Wang S, Mu Z, Chen C, Hu X, Ding J, Meng Y, Qiu P, Fan H. Forensic characteristics and phylogenetic analyses of one branch of Tai-Kadai language-speaking Hainan Hlai (Ha Hlai) via 23 autosomal STRs included in the Huaxia ™ Platinum System. Mol Genet Genomic Med 2020; 8:e1462. [PMID: 32862500 PMCID: PMC7549582 DOI: 10.1002/mgg3.1462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Revised: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hainan Island, located in the South China Sea and separated from the Leizhou Peninsula by Qiongzhou Strait, is the second largest island after Taiwan in China. With the expansion of Han Chinese and the gradual formation of "South Hlai and North Han", nowadays, Hainan Hlai is the second largest population after Han Chinese in Hainan Island. Ha Hlai, distributed in southwest and southern Hainan Island, is the dominant branch of Hlai and speaks Ha localism. METHODS We utilized the Huaxia™ Platinum PCR Amplification System (including 23 autosomal STRs and 2 sex-linked markers) to obtain the first STR profiling batch of 657 Ha Hlai individuals (497 males and 160 females). In order to explore the genetic relationships between the studied Ha Hlai and other reference populations with different language families, population genetic analyses, including PCA, MDS, STRUCTURE, and phylogenetic analysis, were conducted based upon the raw data and allelic frequencies of the polymorphic autosomal STR markers. RESULTS In total, 271 distinct alleles were observed at the 23 STR loci. The number of diverse alleles ranged from 7 at TPOX locus to 23 at FGA locus, and the allelic frequencies varied from 0.0008 to 0.5533. In addition, the CPE and CPD were 1-7.39 × 10-10 and 1-3.13 × 10-28 , respectively. The phylogenetic analyses indicated that Ha Hlai is a Tai-Kadai language-speaking and relatively isolated population which has a close genetic and geographical relationship with Hainan Hlai, and M95 is the dominant haplogroup in Ha Hlai (56.18%). CONCLUSION The 23 autosomal STR genetic markers were highly polymorphic as well as potentially useful for forensic applications in Hainan Ha Hlai population. The phylogenetic analyses demonstrated that small geographic scale gene flows could not be ignored and the shaping of the unique gene pool for each population was the combination effects of geographic, language, and cultural isolations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhui Li
- School of Basic Medicine and Life ScienceHainan Medical UniversityHaikouChina
- Forensic Science Center of Hainan Medical UniversityHainan Medical UniversityHaikouChina
| | - Xianwen Wang
- Criminal Technical DetachmentHaikou City Public Security BureauHaikouChina
| | - Xiehong Wang
- Criminal Technical DetachmentHaikou City Public Security BureauHaikouChina
| | - Fenfen Wang
- First Clinical Medical CollegeHainan Medical UniversityHaikouChina
| | - Zhengming Du
- First Clinical Medical CollegeHainan Medical UniversityHaikouChina
| | - Fangshu Fu
- School of Biomedical Information and EngineeringHainan Medical UniversityHaikouChina
| | - Wenlong Wu
- First Clinical Medical CollegeHainan Medical UniversityHaikouChina
| | - Shuya Wang
- School of Public HealthHainan Medical UniversityHaikouChina
| | - Ziqing Mu
- School of ManagementHainan Medical UniversityHaikouChina
| | - Chunwei Chen
- Public Security and Judicial Appraisal Center of Sanya CitySanyaChina
| | - Xiaomin Hu
- Hainan Zhujian Center for Molecular Cytogenetic Clinical TestingHaikouChina
| | - Jiuyang Ding
- School of Forensic MedicineGuizhou Medical UniversityGuiyangChina
| | - Yunle Meng
- School of Forensic MedicineSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Pingming Qiu
- School of Forensic MedicineSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Multi‐Omics Innovative Research Center of Forensic Identification, Department of Forensic Genetics, School of Forensic MedicineSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Haoliang Fan
- School of Basic Medicine and Life ScienceHainan Medical UniversityHaikouChina
- Forensic Science Center of Hainan Medical UniversityHainan Medical UniversityHaikouChina
- School of Forensic MedicineSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Multi‐Omics Innovative Research Center of Forensic Identification, Department of Forensic Genetics, School of Forensic MedicineSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
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“Everyone tries to avoid responsibility” The attenuating role of financial obligations in fertility change among Yorùbá farmers of southwestern Nigeria. DEMOGRAPHIC RESEARCH 2020. [DOI: 10.4054/demres.2020.43.26] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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Hakim HM, Khan HO, Ismail SA, Lalung J, Kofi AE, Abdullah MT, Chambers GK, Edinur HA. Forensic parameters and ancestral fractions in the Kedayan population inferred using 21 autosomal STR loci. Meta Gene 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mgene.2020.100741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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Wu R, Peng D, Ren H, Li R, Li H, Wang N, Shen X, Huang E, Zhang Y, Sun H. Characterization of genetic polymorphisms in Nigerians residing in Guangzhou using massively parallel sequencing. Forensic Sci Int Genet 2020; 48:102323. [PMID: 32574994 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsigen.2020.102323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Revised: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
African populations exhibit extensive linguistic and cultural diversity but are less studied from a population genetic standpoint. Although much genetic data on admixed African individuals, such as African Americans, have been published, genetic polymorphism data, especially that based on sequence-based typing, are still insufficient in indigenous Africans. In this study, we examined the genetic diversity of 85 Nigerians residing in Guangzhou, China. Forensically relevant genetic markers, including autosomal short tandem repeats (A-STRs), X-chromosomal STRs (X-STRs), Y-chromosomal STRs (Y-STRs), and identity-informative single nucleotide polymorphisms (iiSNPs) were genotyped to uncover the genetic polymorphisms of this population. Sequence-based allelic variations were observed in 22 A-STRs, ten Y-STRs, and four X-STRs. Using massively parallel sequencing (MPS), the allele number increased from 475 length-based alleles to 683 sequence-based alleles. Compared to other populations, the overall observed heterozygosity of the 27 A-STRs was the highest in Nigerians, which reflected the higher genetic diversity of this population. The combined match probability of the 27 A-STRs was low at 9.06 × 10-38. When both A-STRs and iiSNPs were considered, the cumulative discrimination power, and combined power of exclusion for duo and trio paternity testing was 1-2.97 × 10-57, 1-2.20 × 10-10 and 1-4.61 × 10-17, respectively, which demonstrated that the STRs and SNPs analyzed here can be applied to forensic investigations. In summary, this study uncovers the genetic features of the Nigerian population and provides valuable frequency data for forensic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riga Wu
- Faculty of Forensic Medicine, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, PR China; Guangdong Province Translational Forensic Medicine Engineering Technology Research Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, PR China
| | - Dan Peng
- Faculty of Forensic Medicine, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, PR China
| | - Han Ren
- Faculty of Forensic Medicine, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, PR China
| | - Ran Li
- Faculty of Forensic Medicine, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, PR China; Guangdong Province Translational Forensic Medicine Engineering Technology Research Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, PR China
| | - Haixia Li
- Faculty of Forensic Medicine, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, PR China; Guangdong Province Translational Forensic Medicine Engineering Technology Research Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, PR China
| | - Nana Wang
- Faculty of Forensic Medicine, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, PR China; Guangdong Province Translational Forensic Medicine Engineering Technology Research Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, PR China
| | - Xuefeng Shen
- Faculty of Forensic Medicine, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, PR China; Guangdong Province Translational Forensic Medicine Engineering Technology Research Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, PR China
| | - Erwen Huang
- Faculty of Forensic Medicine, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, PR China; Guangdong Province Translational Forensic Medicine Engineering Technology Research Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, PR China.
| | - Yinming Zhang
- Faculty of Forensic Medicine, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, PR China; Guangdong Province Translational Forensic Medicine Engineering Technology Research Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, PR China.
| | - Hongyu Sun
- Faculty of Forensic Medicine, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, PR China; Guangdong Province Translational Forensic Medicine Engineering Technology Research Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, PR China.
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Kofi AE, Hakim HM, Khan HO, Ismail SA, Ghansah A, Haslindawaty ARN, Shamsuddin S, Aziz MY, Chambers GK, Edinur HA. Population dataset for 21 simple tandem repeat loci in the Akan population of Ghana. Data Brief 2020; 31:105746. [PMID: 32490095 PMCID: PMC7262416 DOI: 10.1016/j.dib.2020.105746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Revised: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Short tandem repeat (STR) loci are widely used as genetic marker for ancestral and forensic analyses. The latter application includes for paternity testing and DNA profiling of samples collected from scenes of crime and suspects. This survey provides the first dataset for 21 STR loci across the Akan population in Ghana by genotyping of 109 unrelated healthy individuals using Investigator 24plex kit. None of the STR loci screened deviated from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium after applying Bonferroni correction. Overall, 224 unique alleles were observed with allele frequencies ranging from 0.005 to 0.518. The combined match probability, combined power of exclusion and combined power discrimination were 1 in 4.07 × 10−25, 0.999999999 and 1, respectively. Principal coordinate analysis carried out using 21 STR allele frequency data mapped the Akans with Nigerian subpopulation groups (Hausa, Igbo and Yoruba), but separated from Thais of Thailand, Chechen of Jordan and Tijuana of Mexico.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abban Edward Kofi
- School of Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia.,Forensic Science Laboratory, Criminal Investigation Department, Ghana Police Service 233 Accra Ghana
| | - Hashom Mohd Hakim
- DNA Databank Division (D13), Criminal Investigation Department, Royal Malaysia Police, 50560, Bukit Aman, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Hussein Omar Khan
- DNA Databank Division (D13), Criminal Investigation Department, Royal Malaysia Police, 50560, Bukit Aman, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Siti Afifah Ismail
- DNA Databank Division (D13), Criminal Investigation Department, Royal Malaysia Police, 50560, Bukit Aman, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Anita Ghansah
- Nugochi Memorial Institute of Medical Research, University of Ghana, 233 Accra, Ghana
| | - Abd Rashid Nur Haslindawaty
- School of Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Shaharum Shamsuddin
- School of Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
| | - Mohd Yusmaidie Aziz
- Integrative Medicine Cluster, Advanced Medical and Dental Institute, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 13200 Bertam, Kepala Batas, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Geoffrey Keith Chambers
- School of Biological Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, P.O. Box 600, Wellington, 6140, New Zealand
| | - Hisham Atan Edinur
- School of Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Health Campus, 16150 Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia.,Institute of Tropical Biodiversity and Sustainable Development, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu, Malaysia.,Environmental Futures Research Institute, Griffith University, Nathan, Queensland 4111, Australia
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Abdeli A, Benhassine T. Genetic diversity of 15 autosomal STRs in a sample of Berbers from Aurès region in the Northeast of Algeria and genetic relationships with other neighbouring samples. Ann Hum Biol 2020; 47:284-293. [PMID: 32183545 DOI: 10.1080/03014460.2020.1736628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Background: The history of the Aurès mountains and neighbouring areas, a large region of the East of Algeria, was part of the history of the ancient independent Berber kingdoms supposed to be the ancestors of the current Berber people. The genetic background of this region has not yet been clarified.Aim: The aims of our study were to investigate the genetic characteristics of 15 autosomal short tandem repeats (STRs) in a sample from these regions, to determine the degree of heterogeneity among Algerian and North African samples and to analyse the genetic relationships with other populations.Subjects and methods: Allele frequencies, forensic parameters and Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (HWE) of 15 autosomal STRs included in the PowerPlex® ESI 16 System were obtained from 308 individuals. Allele frequencies were used to determine the relationships with other populations.Results: All loci were highly polymorphic and no significant deviation from HWE was detected. Allele frequencies showed that the samples of Aurès region share genetic affinities with other Algerian, North African and Middle Eastern samples, with the exception of samples from Iran and Matmata.Conclusions: These markers revealed a genetic homogeneity between the Algerian and North African samples. The genetic affinities indicate that this sample could share a common ancestor with the Middle Eastern samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amine Abdeli
- Laboratoire de Biologie Cellulaire et Moléculaire, Faculté des Sciences Biologiques, Université des Sciences et de la Technologie Houari Boumediene, Alger, Algeria.,Institut National de Criminalistique et de Criminologie de la Gendarmerie Nationale, Alger, Algeria
| | - Traki Benhassine
- Laboratoire de Biologie Cellulaire et Moléculaire, Faculté des Sciences Biologiques, Université des Sciences et de la Technologie Houari Boumediene, Alger, Algeria
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Genetic polymorphism and population structure of Torghut Mongols and comparison with a Mongolian population 3000 kilometers away. Forensic Sci Int Genet 2019; 42:235-243. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fsigen.2019.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2019] [Revised: 07/28/2019] [Accepted: 07/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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