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Zhang H, Huang X, Jin X, Ren Z, Wang Q, Yang M, Xu R, Yuan X, Yang D, Liu H, Shen W, Zhang H, Que Y, Huang J. Comprehensive analyses of genetic diversities and population structure of the Guizhou Dong group based on 44 Y-markers. PeerJ 2023; 11:e16183. [PMID: 37780380 PMCID: PMC10538297 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.16183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The non-recombining region of the human Y chromosome (NRY) is a strictly paternally inherited genetic marker and the best material to trace the paternal lineages of populations. Y chromosomal short tandem repeat (Y-STR) is characterized by high polymorphism and paternal inheritance pattern, so it has been widely used in forensic medicine and population genetic research. This study aims to understand the genetic distribution of Y-STRs in the Guizhou Dong population, provide reference data for forensic application, and explore the phylogenetic relationships between the Guizhou Dong population and other comparison populations. Methods Based on the allele profile of 44 Y-markers in the Guizhou Dong group, we estimate their allele frequencies and haplotype frequencies. In addition, we also compare the forensic application efficiency of different Y-STR sets in the Guizhou Dong group. Finally, genetic relationships among Guizhou Dong and other reference populations are dissected by the multi-dimensional scaling and the phylogenetic tree. Results A total of 393 alleles are observed in 312 Guizhou Dong individuals for these Y-markers, with allele frequencies ranging from 0.0032 to 0.9679. The haplotype diversity and discriminatory capacity for these Y-markers in the Guizhou Dong population are 0.99984 and 0.97440, respectively. The population genetic analyses of the Guizhou Dong group and other reference populations show that the Guizhou Dong group has the closest genetic relationship with the Hunan Dong population, and followed by the Guizhou Tujia population. Conclusions In conclusion, these 44 Y-markers can be used as an effective tool for male differentiation in the Guizhou Dong group. The haplotype data in this study not only enrich the Y-STR data of different ethnic groups in China, but also have important significance for population genetics and forensic research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongling Zhang
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Xiaolan Huang
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Xiaoye Jin
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Zheng Ren
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Qiyan Wang
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Meiqing Yang
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Ronglan Xu
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Xiang Yuan
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Daiquan Yang
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Hongyan Liu
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Wanyi Shen
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Huiying Zhang
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Yangjie Que
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Jiang Huang
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
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Zhao M, Cui W, Zhang Y, Lan Q, Zhu B. Haplotypic polymorphisms and forensic applications in Chinese Hunan Han population based on a series of Y-STR loci: a perspective of paternal inheritance. Ann Hum Biol 2023; 50:52-55. [PMID: 36688836 DOI: 10.1080/03014460.2023.2171120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hunan, a multinational province in China, possesses more than fifty ethnic groups, such as the Han, Yao, Tujia, Miao, and so on. AIMS To evaluate the forensic efficiency of the novel panel and investigate the genetic relationships between Hunan Han population and 12 other reference populations from China. SUBJECTS AND METHODS Haplotypic data of 153 unrelated males of Hunan Han population were investigated using the AGCU Y SUPP Plus amplification system containing 27 Y-chromosomal short tandem repeat (STR) loci. Forensic parameters were calculated to evaluate the application efficiency of this panel in Hunan Han population. RESULTS Haplotype diversity, discrimination capability, and match probability values were 0.9999999977, 1.0000, and 0.0065, respectively. Pairwise fixation index values demonstrated that the minimal genetic differentiation (0.0073) was found between Hunan Han population and Hunan Yao group, while the maximal genetic differentiation (0.0651) was observed between Hunan Han and Guangxi Yao group from the perspective of the patrilineal DNA analysis. CONCLUSIONS The haplotype distributions of 27 Y-STR loci in Hunan Han population exhibited remarkable polymorphisms. Moreover, this panel has potential advantages for the forensic applications regarding family investigations, paternity testing of the paternal line, and population genetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Zhao
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Forensic Multi-Omics for Precision Identification, Department of Forensic Genetics, School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wei Cui
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Forensic Multi-Omics for Precision Identification, Department of Forensic Genetics, School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yunying Zhang
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Forensic Multi-Omics for Precision Identification, Department of Forensic Genetics, School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiong Lan
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Forensic Multi-Omics for Precision Identification, Department of Forensic Genetics, School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bofeng Zhu
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Forensic Multi-Omics for Precision Identification, Department of Forensic Genetics, School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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Xu H, Zhao M, Mei S, Zhang Y, Cai M, Lei F, Zhu B. Allelic and haplotypic polymorphisms and paternal genetic analysis of Chinese Shaanxi Han population utilizing a multiplex Y-STR set. Ann Hum Biol 2022; 49:361-366. [PMID: 36437608 DOI: 10.1080/03014460.2022.2152487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The analysis of Y chromosomal genetic markers is of great significance in human genetic fields related to male individuals. The Han nationality is the most populous ethnic group. It is critical to investigate the Y-chromosome short tandem repeat (Y-STR) genetic informativeness of Han nationalities in different Chinese regions in order to gain a comprehensive understanding of their paternal genetic relationships and origin. AIM To assess the allelic and haplotypic polymorphisms of the novel AGCU Y SUPP STR amplification system containing seven Y-STRs in the maximal dataset of the Y-STR Haplotype Reference Database (YHRD) and 17 newly included Y-STRs, and explore the genetic relationships among the Shaanxi Han population and 12 reference populations from China. SUBJECTS AND METHODS A total sample of 220 Han male subjects were obtained from the Shaanxi Province, China, and genotyped by the novel AGCU Y SUPP STR amplification system. Multiplex population genetic analyses derived from the same 16 Y-STR loci were carried out among the Shaanxi Han population and 12 reference populations from China. RESULTS The gene diversities (GD) ranged from the maximum value of 0.9609 (DYS385a,b) to the minimum value of 0.5441 (DYS531). Besides, 217 distinct haplotypes were detected wholly in 220 individuals, of which 214 (98.62%) were exclusive. The entire haplotype diversity (HD) and discrimination capacity (DC) were 0.9999 and 0.9864, respectively, while the haplotype match probability (HMP) was 0.0045. Among the reference populations, the obtained results of population genetic analyses revealed that the Shaanxi Han population had the largest genetic distance with the Guangxi Yao group, but the smallest genetic distance with the Hunan Tujia group. CONCLUSIONS These Y-STR loci in the AGCU Y SUPP STR amplification system were of high genetic polymorphisms and the amplification system could be used as a prospective complementary tool for forensic application and paternal genetics in the Shaanxi Han population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Xu
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Forensic Multi-Omics for Precision Identification, School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ming Zhao
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Forensic Multi-Omics for Precision Identification, School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shuyan Mei
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Forensic Multi-Omics for Precision Identification, School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yunying Zhang
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Forensic Multi-Omics for Precision Identification, School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Meiming Cai
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Forensic Multi-Omics for Precision Identification, School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fanzhang Lei
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Forensic Multi-Omics for Precision Identification, School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bofeng Zhu
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Forensic Multi-Omics for Precision Identification, School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Clinical Research Center of Shaanxi Province for Dental and Maxillofacial Diseases, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
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Ren Z, Yang M, Jin X, Wang Q, Liu Y, Zhang H, Ji J, Wang CC, Huang J. Genetic substructure of Guizhou Tai-Kadai-speaking people inferred from genome-wide single nucleotide polymorphisms data. Front Ecol Evol 2022. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2022.995783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The genome-wide characteristics and admixture history of the Tai-Kadai-speaking populations are essential for understanding the population genetic diversity in southern China. We genotyped about 700,000 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of 239 individuals from six Tai-Kadai-speaking populations residing in the mountainous Guizhou Province of southwestern China. We merged the genome-wide data with available populations and ancients in East and Southeast Asia to infer Tai-Kadai-speaking populations’ admixture history and genetic structure. We observed a genetic substructure within the studied six populations in the PCA, ADMIXTURE, ChromoPainter, GLOBETROTTER, f-statistics, and qpWave analysis. The Dong, Zhuang, and Bouyei people had a strong genetic affinity with other Tai-Kadai-speaking and Austronesian groups in the surrounding area. However, Gelao showed an affinity to Sino-Tibetan groups, and Mulao people were genetically close to Hmong-Mien populations. qpAdm further illuminated that Gelao and Dong_Tongren composited more Han-related ancestry than Dong, Zhuang, Bouyei, and Mulao people. Meanwhile, we observed high frequencies of Y-chromosome haplogroup O in studied Tai-Kadai-speaking groups except for Gelao people with a high haplogroup N frequency. From the maternal side, haplogroup M7 was frequent in studied populations except for Tongren Dong, who had a high frequency of haplogroup B5. Our newly reported data are helpful for further exploring population dynamics in southern China.
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Forensic efficacy evaluation and genetic structure exploration of the Yunnan Miao group by a multiplex InDel panel. Electrophoresis 2022; 43:1765-1773. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.202100387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Ran P, Ou S, Hadi S, Safhi FA, Al-Qahtani WS, Xuan JF, Adnan A, Pei B. Genetic characteristics and forensic features of Xibe ethnic group revealed via extended set of Y-STRs. Ann Hum Biol 2022; 49:204-209. [PMID: 35815603 DOI: 10.1080/03014460.2022.2100478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Xibe is the fifth largest minority population of Liaoning province. Predominately they live in Liaoning province (69.52%), followed by Xinjiang (18.06%), Heilongjiang (3.99%), Jilin (1.63%) and Inner Mongolia provinces (1.57%). AIM To provide an updated and precise population database on an extended set of Y STRs not available before and explore the forensic characteristics of 26 Y chromosomal STRs. SUBJECTS & METHODS In this study, we genotyped 406 unrelated Xibe male individuals from Liaoning province using Goldeneye® 26Y System kit and calculated the forensic parameters of these 26 Y STRs loci. RESULTS All haplotypes generated for 406 Xibe samples using Goldeneye® 26Y kit were unique with a discrimination capacity (DC) of 1. On restricting the haplotypes to the Y-filer® set of 17 Y-STRs, we observed 392 haplotypes. Among them 93.53% (380) were unique with a DC of 0.9655 and haplotype diversity (HD) of 0.9998, showing high discrimination power of the extended set of markers in this population. Allelic frequencies ranged from 0.0024 to 0.7684 across 26 Y STRs loci. DYS385 showed the highest gene diversity (0.9691) among all markers. CONCLUSION According to pairwise RST genetic distances among Xibe populations from China, the Liaoning Xibe population showed the closest genetic distance (0.0035) followed by Xinjiang Xibe population (0.0218). Multidimensional scaling (MDS) analysis among Xibe and 29 other Chinese populations showed that local populations such as Manchu from Liaoning and Han from Beijing had a close affinity while Tibetans from Aba, China, were most distant from Xibe populations. Moreover, 12 individuals showed a null allele at DYS448 in Xibe population samples. We submitted Y-STRs data in the Y-Chromosome Haplotype Reference Database (YHRD) for future forensic and other usage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Ran
- Xiamen Blood Center, Xiamen, Fujian province 361004, P.R. China
| | - Shanhai Ou
- Xiamen Blood Center, Xiamen, Fujian province 361004, P.R. China
| | - Sibte Hadi
- Department of Forensic Sciences, College of Criminal Justice, Naif Arab University of Security Sciences, Riyadh, 11452, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Fatmah Ahmed Safhi
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Wedad Saeed Al-Qahtani
- Department of Forensic Sciences, College of Criminal Justice, Naif Arab University of Security Sciences, Riyadh, 11452, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Jin-Feng Xuan
- Department of Forensic Genetics, School of Forensic Medicine, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, P.R. China
| | - Atif Adnan
- Department of Forensic Sciences, College of Criminal Justice, Naif Arab University of Security Sciences, Riyadh, 11452, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Bin Pei
- Xiamen Blood Center, Xiamen, Fujian province 361004, P.R. China
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Forensic characteristic of 19 X-STRs in Chuanqing, Tujia and Yi groups from Guizhou province and their genetic relationships with other reference populations. GENE REPORTS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.genrep.2022.101553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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8
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Cui W, Nie S, Fang Y, Chen M, Zhao M, Lan Q, Shen C, Zhu B. Insights into AIM-InDel diversities in Yunnan Miao and Hani ethnic groups of China for forensic and population genetic purposes. Hereditas 2022; 159:22. [PMID: 35590349 PMCID: PMC9121611 DOI: 10.1186/s41065-022-00238-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Ancestry informative markers are regarded as useful tools for inferring the ancestral information of an individual, which have been widely used in the criminal investigations and population genetic studies. Previously, a multiplex amplification panel containing 39 AIM-InDel loci was constructed. This study aims to investigate the genetic polymorphisms of these 39 AIM-InDel loci in Yunnan Hani and Miao ethnic groups, and to uncover their genetic affinities with reference populations based on the AIM-InDel markers. Materials and methods In this research, 39 AIM-InDel profiles of 203 unrelated Miao individuals and 203 unrelated Hani individuals in Yunnan province of China were acquired. Additionally, we evaluated the genetic polymorphisms of 39 InDel loci in Yunnan Miao and Hani groups. Moreover, the genetic relationships among Yunnan Miao, Hani and reference populations were also clarified based on Nei’s genetic distances, pairwise fixation indexes, principal component analyses, phylogenetic analyses, and STRUCTURE analyses. Results Genetic diversity analyses demonstrated that these InDel loci showed varying degrees of genetic polymorphisms, and could be utilized in forensic identifications in Yunnan Miao and Hani groups. The results of principal component analyses, phylogenetic analyses and Structure analyses revealed that Yunnan Miao and Hani groups had closer genetic relationships with East Asian populations, especially with the populations from Southern China. This research enriched the genetic data of Chinese ethnic minority, and provided ancestral information of Yunnan Miao and Hani groups from the perspective of population genetics. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s41065-022-00238-9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Cui
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Forensic Multi-Omics for Precision Identification, School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.,Microbiome Medicine Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510282, China
| | - Shengjie Nie
- School of Forensic Medicine, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Yating Fang
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Forensic Multi-Omics for Precision Identification, School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Man Chen
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Forensic Multi-Omics for Precision Identification, School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Ming Zhao
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Forensic Multi-Omics for Precision Identification, School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Qiong Lan
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Forensic Multi-Omics for Precision Identification, School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Chunmei Shen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
| | - Bofeng Zhu
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Forensic Multi-Omics for Precision Identification, School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China. .,Microbiome Medicine Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510282, China. .,Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, 710004, China.
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Jin X, Zhang H, Ren Z, Wang Q, Liu Y, Ji J, Zhang H, Yang M, Zhou Y, Huang J. Developmental Validation of a Rapidly Mutating Y-STR Panel Labeled by Six Fluoresceins for Forensic Research. Front Genet 2022; 13:777440. [PMID: 35309136 PMCID: PMC8927084 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.777440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The male-specific region of the human Y chromosome is a useful genetic marker for genealogical searching, male inheritance testing, and male DNA mixture deconvolution in forensic studies. However, the Y chromosomal short tandem repeats (Y-STRs) are difficult to distinguish among related males due to their low/medium mutation rate. In contrast, rapidly mutating (RM) Y-STRs exhibit unusually high mutation rates and possess great potential for differentiating male lineages. In this study, we developed a novel Y-STRs multiplex amplification assay of 32 RM Y-STRs by fragment analysis using six dye-labeled technologies (FAM, HEX, TAMRA, ROX, VIG, and SIZ). The development and the validation of the kit were carried out in accordance with the Scientific Working Group guidelines on DNA Analysis Methods. Identical allelic profiles of the 32 RM Y-STRs using a DNA 9948 sample as the positive control could be observed at different concentrations of PCR reagents. Further, the RM Y-STRs did not show cross-reactions with other common animal species, and the developed assay could tolerate interferences from common PCR inhibitors and mixed DNA samples. More importantly, the kit showed relatively high sensitivity and could detect trace DNA samples. Genetic distributions of 32 RM Y-STRs in the Guizhou Han population revealed that these RM Y-STRs showed relatively high genetic diversities. In conclusion, the RM Y-STR assay developed here showed good species specificity, high sensitivity, tolerance to inhibitors, and sample compatibility, which can be viewed as a highly efficient tool with high discrimination capacity for forensic male differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoye Jin
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Hongling Zhang
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Zheng Ren
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Qiyan Wang
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Yubo Liu
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Jingyan Ji
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Han Zhang
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Meiqing Yang
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Yongsong Zhou
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Forensic Multi-Omics for Precision Identification, School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiang Huang
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
- *Correspondence: Jiang Huang,
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Wang M, He G, Zou X, Chen P, Wang Z, Tang R, Yang X, Chen J, Yang M, Li Y, Liu J, Wang F, Zhao J, Guo J, Hu R, Wei L, Chen G, Yeh H, Wang C. Reconstructing the genetic admixture history of Tai‐Kadai and Sinitic people: Insights from genome‐wide SNP data from South China. JOURNAL OF SYSTEMATICS AND EVOLUTION 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/jse.12825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Meng‐Ge Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, National Institute for Data Science in Health and Medicine, School of Life Sciences Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 Fujian China
- Department of Anthropology and Ethnology, Institute of Anthropology, School of Sociology and Anthropology Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 Fujian China
- Institute of Forensic Medicine, West China School of Basic Science and Forensic Medicine Sichuan University Chengdu 610000 China
- Guangzhou Forensic Science Institute Guangzhou 510080 China
- Faculty of Forensic Medicine, Zhongshan School of Medicine Sun Yat‐sen University Guangzhou 510080 China
| | - Guang‐Lin He
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, National Institute for Data Science in Health and Medicine, School of Life Sciences Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 Fujian China
- Department of Anthropology and Ethnology, Institute of Anthropology, School of Sociology and Anthropology Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 Fujian China
- Institute of Forensic Medicine, West China School of Basic Science and Forensic Medicine Sichuan University Chengdu 610000 China
- Institute Of Rare Diseases West China Hospital of Sichuan University Chengdu 610000 China
- School of Humanities Nanyang Technological University Singapore 224050 Singapore
| | - Xing Zou
- Institute of Forensic Medicine, West China School of Basic Science and Forensic Medicine Sichuan University Chengdu 610000 China
- College of Medicine Chongqing University Chongqing 400016 China
| | - Peng‐Yu Chen
- School of Forensic Medicine Zunyi Medical University Zunyi 563000 Guizhou China
| | - Zheng Wang
- Institute of Forensic Medicine, West China School of Basic Science and Forensic Medicine Sichuan University Chengdu 610000 China
| | - Ren‐Kuan Tang
- Department of Forensic Medicine, College of Basic Medicine Chongqing Medical University Chongqing 400016 China
| | - Xiao‐Min Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, National Institute for Data Science in Health and Medicine, School of Life Sciences Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 Fujian China
- Institute Of Rare Diseases West China Hospital of Sichuan University Chengdu 610000 China
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 Fujian China
| | - Jing Chen
- Department of Forensic Medicine Guizhou Medical University Guiyang 550000 China
| | - Mei‐Qing Yang
- Department of Forensic Medicine Guizhou Medical University Guiyang 550000 China
| | - Ying‐Xiang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, National Institute for Data Science in Health and Medicine, School of Life Sciences Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 Fujian China
- Institute Of Rare Diseases West China Hospital of Sichuan University Chengdu 610000 China
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 Fujian China
| | - Jing Liu
- Institute of Forensic Medicine, West China School of Basic Science and Forensic Medicine Sichuan University Chengdu 610000 China
| | - Fei Wang
- Institute of Forensic Medicine, West China School of Basic Science and Forensic Medicine Sichuan University Chengdu 610000 China
| | - Jing Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, National Institute for Data Science in Health and Medicine, School of Life Sciences Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 Fujian China
- Institute Of Rare Diseases West China Hospital of Sichuan University Chengdu 610000 China
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 Fujian China
| | - Jian‐Xin Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, National Institute for Data Science in Health and Medicine, School of Life Sciences Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 Fujian China
- Institute Of Rare Diseases West China Hospital of Sichuan University Chengdu 610000 China
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 Fujian China
| | - Rong Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, National Institute for Data Science in Health and Medicine, School of Life Sciences Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 Fujian China
- Institute Of Rare Diseases West China Hospital of Sichuan University Chengdu 610000 China
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 Fujian China
| | - Lan‐Hai Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, National Institute for Data Science in Health and Medicine, School of Life Sciences Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 Fujian China
- Institute Of Rare Diseases West China Hospital of Sichuan University Chengdu 610000 China
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 Fujian China
| | - Gang Chen
- Hunan Key Lab of Bioinformatics, School of Computer Science and Engineering Central South University Changsha 410075 China
| | - Hui‐Yuan Yeh
- School of Humanities Nanyang Technological University Singapore 224050 Singapore
| | - Chuan‐Chao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, National Institute for Data Science in Health and Medicine, School of Life Sciences Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 Fujian China
- Institute Of Rare Diseases West China Hospital of Sichuan University Chengdu 610000 China
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 Fujian China
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Ma B, Chen J, Yang X, Bai J, Ouyang S, Mo X, Chen W, Wang CC, Hai X. The Genetic Structure and East-West Population Admixture in Northwest China Inferred From Genome-Wide Array Genotyping. Front Genet 2022; 12:795570. [PMID: 34992635 PMCID: PMC8724515 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.795570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 12/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Northwest China is a contacting region for East and West Eurasia and an important center for investigating the migration and admixture history of human populations. However, the comprehensive genetic structure and admixture history of the Altaic speaking populations and Hui group in Northwest China were still not fully characterized due to insufficient sampling and the lack of genome-wide data. Thus, We genotyped genome-wide SNPs for 140 individuals from five Chinese Mongolic, Turkic speaking groups including Dongxiang, Bonan, Yugur, and Salar, as well as the Hui group. Analysis based on allele-sharing and haplotype-sharing were used to elucidate the population history of Northwest Chinese populations, including PCA, ADMIXTURE, pairwise Fst genetic distance, f-statistics, qpWave/qpAdm and ALDER, fineSTRUCTURE and GLOBETROTTER. We observed Dongxiang, Bonan, Yugur, Salar, and Hui people were admixed populations deriving ancestry from both East and West Eurasians, with the proportions of West Eurasian related contributions ranging from 9 to 15%. The genetic admixture was probably driven by male-biased migration- showing a higher frequency of West Eurasian related Y chromosomal lineages than that of mtDNA detected in Northwest China. ALDER-based admixture and haplotype-based GLOBETROTTER showed this observed West Eurasian admixture signal was introduced into East Eurasia approximately 700 ∼1,000 years ago. Generally, our findings provided supporting evidence that the flourish transcontinental communication between East and West Eurasia played a vital role in the genetic formation of northwest Chinese populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Ma
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Ecology and Population Health in Northwest Minority Areas, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jinwen Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Xiaomin Yang
- Department of Anthropology and Ethnology, School of Sociology and Anthropology, Institute of Anthropology, National Institute for Data Science in Health and Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Jingya Bai
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Ecology and Population Health in Northwest Minority Areas, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Siwei Ouyang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Ecology and Population Health in Northwest Minority Areas, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Xiaodan Mo
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Ecology and Population Health in Northwest Minority Areas, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Wangsheng Chen
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Ecology and Population Health in Northwest Minority Areas, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Chuan-Chao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,Department of Anthropology and Ethnology, School of Sociology and Anthropology, Institute of Anthropology, National Institute for Data Science in Health and Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Xiangjun Hai
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Ecology and Population Health in Northwest Minority Areas, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, China
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12
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Yang M, Jin X, Ren Z, Wang Q, Zhang H, Zhang H, Chen J, Ji J, Liu Y, Huang J. X-chromosomal STRs for genetic composition analysis of Guizhou Dong group and its phylogenetic relationships with other reference populations. Ann Hum Biol 2021; 48:621-626. [PMID: 34789047 DOI: 10.1080/03014460.2021.2008001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND X-chromosomes show a specific genetic mode, which makes genetic markers on the X chromosome play crucial roles in forensic research and human evolution. Dong group, one of 55 minority groups in China, live in Guizhou, Guangxi and Hunan provinces. Even though some genetic data of Y chromosomal short tandem repeats (STRs) and autosomal insertion/deletion polymorphism (InDels) in Dong groups have been reported, there is little research about X-STRs in the Dong group. AIM Purposes of this study are to investigate allelic distributions and forensic statistical parameters of 19 X-STRs in the Guizhou Dong group, and explore the genetic composition of the Guizhou Dong group and its phylogenetic relationships with other reference populations. SUBJECTS AND METHODS 507 Dongs (272 males and 235 females) living in Guizhou province were typed using the AGCU X19 STR kit. Allelic frequencies and forensic parameters of 19 X-STRs in the Guizhou Dong group were calculated. Population genetic analyses of Guizhou Dong and other 17 reference populations were conducted using DA genetic distances, phylogenetic tree, principal component analysis and multidimensional scaling. RESULTS A total of 230 alleles of 19 X-STRs were identified in all Dongs. The frequencies of 19 loci ranged from 0.0013 to 0.6838. Cumulative power of discrimination in males (PDM), Cumulative power of discrimination in females (PDF), four different kinds of mean exclusion chance (MEC_Kruger, MEC_Kishida, MEC_Desmarais and MEC_Desmarais_du) values of 19 X-STRs in all individuals were 0.999999999999761, 0.9999999999999999999993951, 0.999999964841617, 0.999999999997261, 0.999999999997297 and 0.999999993623172, respectively. Besides, genetic polymorphisms of seven linkage clusters ranged from 0.9381 to 0.9963. In addition, these seven groups showed high polymorphism information content (PIC), PDM, PDF, MEC_Kruger, MEC_Kishida, MEC_Desmarais and MEC_Desmarais_duo values. Population genetic analyses of Guizhou Dong and other 17 reference populations showed that the Guizhou Dong group had close genetic relationships with surrounding Tai-Kadai-speaking, Hmong-Mien-speaking and Han groups. CONCLUSION Nineteen X-STRs displayed high genetic diversities and could be employed for forensic personal identification and paternity analysis in the Guizhou Dong group. Close genetic affinities between Guizhou Dong and surrounding populations were observed based on the 19 X-STRs in 17 reference populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiqing Yang
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Xiaoye Jin
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Zheng Ren
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Qiyan Wang
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Hongling Zhang
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Han Zhang
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Jing Chen
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Jingyan Ji
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Yubo Liu
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
| | - Jiang Huang
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, China
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Luo T, Wang R, Wang CC. Inferring the population structure and admixture history of three Hmong-Mien-speaking Miao tribes from southwest China based on Genome-wide SNP genotyping. Ann Hum Biol 2021; 48:418-429. [PMID: 34763584 DOI: 10.1080/03014460.2021.2005825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hmong-Mien speaking Miao, also called Hmong, is the sixthlargest ethnic group in mainland China. However, the fine-scale genetic profiles and population history of Miao populations in southwest China, especially in Guizhou province, remain uncharacterised due to a scarcity of samples of genome-wide data from different tribes. AIM To further investigate the population substructure and admixture history of the Guizhou Miao minority. SUBJECTS AND METHODS We collected 29 samples from three Miao tribes of Guizhou province in southwest China and genotyped about 700,000 genome-wide SNPs of each sample. We analysed newly generated data in together with published modern/ancient East Asian populations datasets via a series of population genetic methods, including principal component analysis (PCA), ADMIXTURE, Fst, TreeMix, f-statistics, qpWave, and qpAdm. RESULTS PCA and ADMIXTURE results showed that the three studied Guizhou Miao groups consistently fell on the Hmong-Mien-related genetic cline and were relatively genetically homogeneous, displayingd a genetic affinity with neighbouring Tai-Kadai speaking populations such as Dong. These results were further confirmed by the observed genetic clade in Fst, TreeMix, outgroup-f3 -statistics, and f4 -statistics. Furthermore, f4 -based allele sharing patterns illustrated that compared with Hunan Miao in central China, Guizhou Miao shared more alleles with Hmong-Mien-speaking Vietnam Hmong and Tai-Kadai-speaking CoLao, Dong, while exhibiting less northeast Asian-related ancestry. Admixture-f3 and f4 statistics revealed the North-South admixture pattern for the studied Guizhou Miao. A qpAdm-based two-way admixture model further revealed that the studied Guizhou Miao harboured 44%∼55.4% indigenous Austronesian-speaking Atayal-related ancestry and 44.6%∼56% Late Neolithic Yellow River farmer-related ancestry. CONCLUSIONS The population structure within Hmong-Mien-related populations showed a geographic correlation. Hmong-Mien speaking Hunan Miao, Guizhou Miao, and Vietnam Hmong presented closer genetic relationships although they dwelt in different regions, suggesting the preservation of the original Hmong-related genetic diversity. The results based on genome-wide SNPs data generally matched the migration history for the Miao population. Our study contributes to a better knowledge of Miao populations and the population structure in southwest China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Luo
- Department of Anthropology and Ethnology, Institute of Anthropology, School of Sociology and Anthropology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Rui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Chuan-Chao Wang
- Department of Anthropology and Ethnology, Institute of Anthropology, School of Sociology and Anthropology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.,State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
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14
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何 传锦, 张 荣芳, 邹 磊, 郑 冰洁, 宋 丹璐, 黄 景峰, 兰 江维. [Not Available]. FA YI XUE ZA ZHI 2021; 37:699-703. [PMID: 35191237 DOI: 10.12116/j.issn.1004-5619.2020.500901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
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15
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Li L, Yao L, Gong H, Luo L, Liang H, Zhang J, Wang Y, He G, Jia F, Chen P. Genetic characterisation for Yan'an Han population in Northern Shaanxi Province, China, via 38Y-STRs using Yfiler™ Platinum. Ann Hum Biol 2021; 48:327-334. [PMID: 34308740 DOI: 10.1080/03014460.2021.1951350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Haplotype/allele frequency data of Y-chromosomal STR loci in ethnically diverse populations are essential for forensics, anthropology and genealogy. However, genetic structure and forensic characterisation of the Chinese Han population residing in Yan'an, in the Northern Shaanxi Province, remain unclear. AIM To assess forensic efficiency for 38 Y-Chromosomal STR loci in Yan'an Han population and reveal the population genetic relationships between Yan'an Han and other populations at a nationwide and worldwide level. SUBJECTS AND METHODS 719 healthy unrelated males were genotyped using the Yfiler™ Platinum system. Haplotype/allele frequencies and forensic parameters were calculated. Multi-dimensional scaling plots (MDS) and neighbor-joining (N-J) tree were used to explore the population structure based on the pairwise gene distances (Rst). RESULTS A total of 707 haplotypes were identified, among which 697 unique haplotypes were observed (98.59%). The overall haplotype diversity (HD) and discrimination capacity (DC) were 0.9999 and 0.9833, respectively. Comprehensive population comparisons showed Yan'an Han is genetically closer to linguistically similar populations in China, and more related to East Asian populations around the world. CONCLUSION The present results give a unique insight into the Yan'an Han population via the set of 38 Y-STRs, which can be used for forensic practice and human genetics research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luyao Li
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Shaanxi, China
| | - Lilan Yao
- Key Laboratory of Cell Engineering in Guizhou Province, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Guizhou, China.,Center of Forensic Expertise, Affiliated hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Guizhou, China
| | - Huilin Gong
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Shaanxi, China
| | - Li Luo
- Key Laboratory of Cell Engineering in Guizhou Province, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Guizhou, China.,Center of Forensic Expertise, Affiliated hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Guizhou, China
| | - Hau Liang
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jiaojiao Zhang
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yuanyuan Wang
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Shaanxi, China
| | - Guanglin He
- Institute of Forensic medicine, West China School of Basic Science and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Sichuan, China
| | - Fuquan Jia
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Hohhot, China
| | - Pengyu Chen
- Key Laboratory of Cell Engineering in Guizhou Province, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Guizhou, China.,Center of Forensic Expertise, Affiliated hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Guizhou, China
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Fan H, Xie Q, Li Y, Wang L, Wen SQ, Qiu P. Insights Into Forensic Features and Genetic Structures of Guangdong Maoming Han Based on 27 Y-STRs. Front Genet 2021; 12:690504. [PMID: 34220963 PMCID: PMC8253533 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.690504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Maoming is located in the southwest region of Guangdong Province and is the cradle of Gaoliang culture, which is the representative branch of Lingnan cultures. Historical records showed that the amalgamations between Gaoliang aborigines and distinct ethnic minorities had some influences on the shaping of Gaoliang culture, especially for the local Tai-kadai language-speaking Baiyue and Han Chinese from Central China. However, there is still no exact genetic evidence for the influences on the genetic pool of Maoming Han, and the genetic relationships between Maoming Han and other Chinese populations are still unclear. Hence, in order to get a better understanding of the paternal genetic structures and characterize the forensic features of 27 Y-chromosomal short tandem repeats (Y-STRs) in Han Chinese from Guangdong Maoming, we firstly applied the AmpFLSTR® Yfiler® Plus PCR Amplification Kit (Thermo Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA, United States) to genotype the haplotypes in 431 Han males residing in Maoming. A total of 263 different alleles were determined across all 27 Y-STRs with the corresponding allelic frequencies from 0.0004 to 0.7401, and the range of genetic diversity (GD) was 0.4027 (DYS391) to 0.9596 (DYS385a/b). In the first batch of 27 Yfiler data in Maoming Han, 417 distinct haplotypes were discovered, and nine off-ladder alleles were identified at six Y-STRs; in addition, no copy number variant or null allele was detected. The overall haplotype diversity (HD) and discrimination capacity (DC) of 27 Yfiler were 0.9997 and 0.9675, respectively, which demonstrated that the 6-dye and 27-plex system has sufficient system effectiveness for forensic applications in Maoming Han. What is more, the phylogenetic analyses indicated that Maoming Han, which is a Southern Han Chinese population, has a close relationship with Meizhou Kejia, which uncovered that the role of the gene flows from surrounding Han populations in shaping the genetic pool of Maoming Han cannot be ignored. From the perspectives of genetics, linguistics, and geographies, the genetic structures of Han populations correspond to the patterns of the geographical-scale spatial distributions and the relationships of language families. Nevertheless, no exact genetic evidence supports the intimate relationships between Maoming Han and Tai-Kadai language-speaking populations and Han populations of Central Plains in the present study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoliang Fan
- School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Institute of Archaeological Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- School of Basic Medicine and Life Science, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Qiqian Xie
- School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yanning Li
- School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- School of Basic Medicine, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Lingxiang Wang
- Institute of Archaeological Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shao-Qing Wen
- Institute of Archaeological Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Pingming Qiu
- School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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17
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Fan H, Zeng Y, Wu W, Liu H, Xu Q, Du W, Hao H, Liu C, Ren W, Wu W, Chen L, Liu C. The Y-STR landscape of coastal southeastern Han: Forensic characteristics, haplotype analyses, mutation rates, and population genetics. Electrophoresis 2021; 42:1578-1593. [PMID: 34018209 DOI: 10.1002/elps.202100037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Revised: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 05/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The Y-STR landscape of Coastal Southeastern Han (CSEH) living in Chinese southeast areas (including Guangdong, Fujian, and Zhejiang provinces) is still unclear. We investigated 62 Y-STR markers in a reasonably large number of 1021 unrelated males and 1027 DNA-confirmed father-son pairs to broaden the genetic backgrounds of CSEH. In total, 85 null alleles, 121 off-ladder alleles, and 95 copy number variants were observed, and 1012 distinct haplotypes were determined with the overall HD and DC values of 0.999974 and 0.9912. We observed 369 mutations in 76 099 meiotic transfers, and the average estimated Y-STR mutation rate was 4.85 × 10-3 (95% CI, 4.4 × 10-3 -5.4 × 10-3 ). The Spearman correlation analyses indicated that GD values (R2 = 0.6548) and average allele sizes (R2 = 0.5989) have positive correlations with Y-STR mutation rates. Our RM Y-STR set including 8 candidate RM Y-STRs, of which DYS534, DYS630, and DYS713 are new candidates in CSEH, distinguished 18.52% of father-son pairs. This study also clarified the population structures of CSEH which isolated in population-mixed South China relatively. The strategy, SM Y-STRs for familial searching and RM Y-STRs for individual identification regionally, could be applicable based on enough knowledge of the Y-STR mutability of different populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoliang Fan
- School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Ying Zeng
- School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Weiwei Wu
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Forensic Science and Technology, Institute of Forensic Science of Zhejiang Provincial Public Security Bureau, Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Hong Liu
- Guangzhou Forensic Science Institute, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Quyi Xu
- Guangzhou Forensic Science Institute, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Weian Du
- School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Honglei Hao
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Forensic Science and Technology, Institute of Forensic Science of Zhejiang Provincial Public Security Bureau, Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Changhui Liu
- Guangzhou Forensic Science Institute, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Wenyan Ren
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Forensic Science and Technology, Institute of Forensic Science of Zhejiang Provincial Public Security Bureau, Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Weibin Wu
- School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Ling Chen
- School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Chao Liu
- School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, P. R. China.,Guangzhou Forensic Science Institute, Guangzhou, P. R. China
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18
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Luo C, Duan L, Li Y, Xie Q, Wang L, Ru K, Nazir S, Jawad M, Zhao Y, Wang F, Du Z, Peng D, Wen SQ, Qiu P, Fan H. Insights From Y-STRs: Forensic Characteristics, Genetic Affinities, and Linguistic Classifications of Guangdong Hakka and She Groups. Front Genet 2021; 12:676917. [PMID: 34108995 PMCID: PMC8181459 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.676917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Guangdong province is situated in the south of China with a population size of 113.46 million. Hakka is officially recognized as a branch of Han Chinese, and She is the official minority group in mainland China. There are approximately 25 million Hakka people who mainly live in the East and North regions of China, while there are only 0.7 million She people. The genetic characterization and forensic parameters of these two groups are poorly defined (She) or still need to be explored (Hakka). In this study, we have genotyped 475 unrelated Guangdong males (260 Hakka and 215 She) with Promega PowerPlex® Y23 System. A total of 176 and 155 different alleles were observed across all 23 Y-STRs for Guangdong Hakka (with a range of allele frequencies from 0.0038 to 0.7423) and Guangdong She (0.0047–0.8605), respectively. The gene diversity ranged from 0.4877 to 0.9671 (Guangdong Hakka) and 0.3277–0.9526 (Guangdong She), while the haplotype diversities were 0.9994 and 0.9939 for Guangdong Hakka and Guangdong She, with discrimination capacity values of 0.8885 and 0.5674, respectively. With reference to geographical and linguistic scales, the phylogenetic analyses showed us that Guangdong Hakka has a close relationship with Southern Han, and the genetic pool of Guangdong Hakka was influenced by surrounding Han populations. The predominant haplogroups of the Guangdong She group were O2-M122 and O2a2a1a2-M7, while Guangdong She clustered with other Tibeto-Burman language-speaking populations (Guizhou Tujia and Hunan Tujia), which shows us that the Guangdong She group is one of the branches of Tibeto-Burman populations and the Huonie dialect of She languages may be a branch of Tibeto-Burman language families.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunfang Luo
- School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Heyuan Municipal Public Security Bureau, Heyuan, China
| | - Lizhong Duan
- Beijing Municipal Public Security Bureau, Beijing, China
| | - Yanning Li
- School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,School of Basic Medicine, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, China
| | - Qiqian Xie
- School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lingxiang Wang
- Institute of Archaeological Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Kai Ru
- Institute of Archaeological Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shahid Nazir
- Department of Forensic Sciences, University of Health Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Jawad
- Department of Forensic Sciences, University of Health Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Yifeng Zhao
- Nanjing Zhenghong Judicial Identification Institute, Nanjing, China
| | - Fenfen Wang
- First Clinical Medical College, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Zhengming Du
- First Clinical Medical College, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Dehua Peng
- Heyuan Municipal Public Security Bureau, Heyuan, China
| | - Shao-Qing Wen
- Institute of Archaeological Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Pingming Qiu
- School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haoliang Fan
- School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Institute of Archaeological Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,School of Basic Medicine and Life Science, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
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19
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Zhou Y, Fang Y, Jin X, Cui W, Lan Q, Xie T, Zhu B. Haplotype diversity and phylogenetic relationship analysis of Chinese Yulin Han population using 59 Y-STR loci of two novel Y-STR typing systems. Leg Med (Tokyo) 2021; 50:101871. [PMID: 33756375 DOI: 10.1016/j.legalmed.2021.101871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Revised: 02/07/2021] [Accepted: 03/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
To investigate the genetic polymorphisms of 59 Y-chromosomal short tandem repeat (Y-STR) loci in the Yulin Han population, 229 unrelated healthy male individuals were analyzed using AGCU Y37 kit and AGCU Y-SUPP Plus kit. A total of 227 different haplotypes were obtained at the 59 Y-STR loci. Among them, 225 haplotypes were unique and 2 haplotypes occurred twice. The overall haplotypic diversity and discrimination capacity were 0.9999 and 0.9913, respectively. The phylogenetic relationships between the studied Yulin Han population and 17 previously reported reference populations were evaluated via multidimensional scaling and Neighbor-Joining analyses based on the haplotypic frequencies of 'YHRD Maximal Loci'. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that Yulin Han population was closely related to Chinese Han and Hunan Yao populations. These results demonstrated that the 59 Y-STR loci were useful for forensic applications and population genetic studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongsong Zhou
- Multi-Omics Innovative Research Center of Forensic Identification; Department of Forensic Genetics, School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, People's Republic of China
| | - Yating Fang
- Multi-Omics Innovative Research Center of Forensic Identification; Department of Forensic Genetics, School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoye Jin
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, People's Republic of China; Clinical Research Center of Shaanxi Province for Dental and Maxillofacial Diseases, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Cui
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, People's Republic of China; Clinical Research Center of Shaanxi Province for Dental and Maxillofacial Diseases, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiong Lan
- Multi-Omics Innovative Research Center of Forensic Identification; Department of Forensic Genetics, School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, People's Republic of China
| | - Tong Xie
- Multi-Omics Innovative Research Center of Forensic Identification; Department of Forensic Genetics, School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, People's Republic of China
| | - Bofeng Zhu
- Multi-Omics Innovative Research Center of Forensic Identification; Department of Forensic Genetics, School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, People's Republic of China; Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, People's Republic of China; Clinical Research Center of Shaanxi Province for Dental and Maxillofacial Diseases, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, People's Republic of China
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20
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Jin X, Xing G, Yang C, Zhang X, Cui W, Chen C, Zhu B. Genetic polymorphisms of 44 Y chromosomal genetic markers in the Inner Mongolia Han population and its genetic relationship analysis with other reference populations. Forensic Sci Res 2021; 7:510-517. [PMID: 36353319 PMCID: PMC9639530 DOI: 10.1080/20961790.2020.1857509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Y chromosomal genetic markers in the non-recombining region are commonly used for human evolution research, familial searching, and forensic male differentiation since they strictly follow paternal inheritance. Y chromosomal short tandem repeats (Y-STRs) possess extraordinarily advantages in forensic applications because of their high polymorphisms and special genetic pattern. Here, we assessed the genetic diversities of 41 Y-STRs and three Y chromosomal insertion/deletion (Y-InDels) loci in the Chinese Inner Mongolia Han population; besides, genetic differentiation analyses among the studied Han population and other previously reported populations were conducted based on 27 same Y-STRs. Totally, 425 alleles were observed in 324 Inner Mongolia Han individuals for these Y-markers. Gene diversities of these Y-markers distributed from 0.0306 to 0.9634. The haplotype diversity and discriminatory capacity of these Y-markers in the Inner Mongolia Han population were 0.9999 and 0.98457, respectively. Haplotype resolution comparisons of different Y-marker groups in the studied Han population revealed that higher haplotype resolution could be achieved for these 44 Y-markers. Population genetic analyses of the Inner Mongolia Han population and other reference populations demonstrated that the studied Han population had relatively closer genetic affinities with Northern Han Chinese populations than Southern Han and other minority groups. To sum up, these 44 Y-markers can be utilized as a valuable tool for male differentiation in the Inner Mongolia Han population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoye Jin
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
- College of Forensic Science, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an, China
- Clinical Research Center of Shaanxi Province for Dental and Maxillofacial Diseases, College of Stomatology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Guohui Xing
- People’s Hospital of Arong Banner, Hulun Buir City, China
| | - Chunhua Yang
- People’s Hospital of Arong Banner, Hulun Buir City, China
| | - Xingru Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
- College of Forensic Science, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an, China
- Clinical Research Center of Shaanxi Province for Dental and Maxillofacial Diseases, College of Stomatology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Wei Cui
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
- College of Forensic Science, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an, China
- Clinical Research Center of Shaanxi Province for Dental and Maxillofacial Diseases, College of Stomatology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Chong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
- College of Forensic Science, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an, China
- Clinical Research Center of Shaanxi Province for Dental and Maxillofacial Diseases, College of Stomatology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Bofeng Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
- Clinical Research Center of Shaanxi Province for Dental and Maxillofacial Diseases, College of Stomatology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
- Multi-Omics Innovative Research Center of Forensic Identification; Department of Forensic Genetics, School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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27 Y-chromosomal STR haplotypic structure for the Chinese Han population from Changchun, Northeastern China. Leg Med (Tokyo) 2020; 48:101813. [PMID: 33264698 DOI: 10.1016/j.legalmed.2020.101813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Revised: 10/11/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Y- Changchun is the capital and largest city of Jilin Province in the northeast China. In this study, we genotyped and investigated haplotypes of 27 Y-STR loci in 1037 Changchun Han male individuals using commercially available AmpFlSTR Yfiler® Plus kit. We calculated the Gene diversity (GD) values and haplotype diversity (HD) as important forensic parameters. Furthermore, we observed genetic affinities between Changchun Han with other Northern Han Chinese populations and also Korans in Yanbian in the Multidimensional scaling and phylogenetic tree analysis.
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22
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Li X, Zhang J, Li L, Zha L, Shi M, Ding M. Genetic polymorphism of 24 Y-STR loci in Altay Hui and Kazakh populations from northwest China. Leg Med (Tokyo) 2020; 47:101760. [PMID: 32739877 DOI: 10.1016/j.legalmed.2020.101760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Revised: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
24 Y-STR loci were analyzed in 223 Altay Hui individuals and 209 Altay Kazakh individuals. Haplotype diversity (HD) and discrimination capacity (DC) values were calculated. Population pairwise genetic distances (Rst) were evaluated in AMOVA analysis and compared between two studied populations and other populations. The relationships between populations were visualized through multidimensional scaling (MDS) and neighbor-joining (NJ) tree. The results indicated higher discrimination power in the Altay Kazakh and Hui populations. The Altay Kazakh was the most distantly related to Xishuangbanna Dai, while Altay Kazakh was the most closely related to Gansu Kazakh. The results may provide useful information for paternal lineages and increase our understanding of genetic relationships between two studied populations and other populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- XueBo Li
- Key Laboratory of Evidence Identification in Universities of Shandong Province, Shandong University of Political Science and Law, Jinan 250014, Shandong, PR China; Institute of Forensic Science, Shandong University of Political Science and Law, Jinan 250014, Shandong, PR China
| | - Jiashuo Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Evidence Identification in Universities of Shandong Province, Shandong University of Political Science and Law, Jinan 250014, Shandong, PR China; Institute of Forensic Science, Shandong University of Political Science and Law, Jinan 250014, Shandong, PR China
| | - Liangliang Li
- Key Laboratory of Evidence Identification in Universities of Shandong Province, Shandong University of Political Science and Law, Jinan 250014, Shandong, PR China; Institute of Forensic Science, Shandong University of Political Science and Law, Jinan 250014, Shandong, PR China
| | - Lagabaiyila Zha
- Department of Forensic Science, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, No 172. Tongzipo Road, Changsha, Hunan Province, 410013, PR China
| | - Meisen Shi
- Key Laboratory of Evidence Science (China University of Political Science and Law), Ministry of Education, 25 Xitucheng Road, Beijing 100088, PR China.
| | - Mingxia Ding
- Laboratory of Genetics and Prenatal Diagnosis, The Second Hospital Of Shandong University, Jinan 250001, Shandong, PR China.
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Fan GY, An YR, Zhou YJ, Liu MN, Xiang J, Ye Y. Phylogenic analysis and forensic genetic characterization of Guizhou Miao tribes from 58 microareas via autosomal STR. Leg Med (Tokyo) 2020; 47:101737. [PMID: 32580111 DOI: 10.1016/j.legalmed.2020.101737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Revised: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Genetic polymorphism of 17 autosomal short tandem repeat (STR) loci, included in the PowerPlex®18D amplification kit, were analyzed in Miao tribes from 58 different sampling microareas (N = 5255) of Guizhou as well as two cities (N = 151) of Hunan, China. Allele frequencies and forensic efficiency parameters were calculated. Moreover, comprehensive population genetic comparisons among 91 nationwide populations and 174 Asian populations were conducted based on raw genotype data and allele frequency data, respectively. Our results of forensic efficiency parameters showed that the panel was a robust tool in forensic individual identification and paternity cases for this population. Genetic affinities were observed among most of the Miao tribes revealed by multidimensional scaling plot, principal component analysis, and neighboring-joining tree. The genetic distance between Miao tribes and Han nationalities were varies by different geographical positions. Some of the Miao tribes were genetically closer to the Hmong-Mien populations living in southeastern contiguous regions and even the Indochina. The result coincided with the migration or reverse migration routes for Miao nationality in modern history. This study of the Miao tribes from plenty of microareas in Guizhou would be useful in reconstructing the population history and establishing a more comprehensive forensic reference database.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang-Yao Fan
- Forensic Center, College of Medicine, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing 312000, China
| | - Yu-Ran An
- Criminal Technology Department, Liupanshui Public Security Bureau, Guizhou 553000, China
| | - Yi-Jun Zhou
- College of Medicine, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing 312000, China
| | - Meng-Nan Liu
- College of Medicine, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing 312000, China
| | - Jin Xiang
- GCP Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610000, Sichuan, China
| | - Yi Ye
- West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610000, Sichuan, China.
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24
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Li L, Yao L, He X, Gong H, Deng Y, Luan M, He G, Jia F, Chen P. Haplotype diversity and phylogenetic characteristics for Guanzhong Han population from Northwest China via 38 Y-STRs using Yfiler™ Platinum Amplification System. Mol Genet Genomic Med 2020; 8:e1187. [PMID: 32166867 PMCID: PMC7216798 DOI: 10.1002/mgg3.1187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Revised: 02/04/2020] [Accepted: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND For better application in human forensic cases and population genetics research, it is imperative to investigate the genetic characteristics of Guanzhong Han population using enhanced Y-chromosomal short tandem repeats (Y-STR) detecting system with higher discriminating power than previous ones. METHODS In this study, 38 Y-STRs were profiled in 430 unrelated Chinese Han male individuals from Guanzhong region of Shaanxi Province, Northwest China, using the Yfiler™ Platinum PCR Amplification Kit. Haplotype frequencies and forensic parameters were calculated. Comprehensive population comparisons with geographically/ethnically different populations in China and other worldwide countries were performed. RESULTS A total of 422 different haplotypes were observed with the overall haplotype diversity (HD), discriminatory power (DC) and haplotype match probability (HMP) were 0.9999, 0.9814, and 0.0024, respectively. Guanzhong Han showed genetically affinity with Han ethnicity from Shanxi and Henan provinces, while far distant from Tibetan populations. CONCLUSION This study offered a unique insight into Guanzhong Han population, the 38 Y-STRs included in the the Yfiler™ Platinum system are highly polymorphic and informative and can be used for forensic practice and human genetic research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luyao Li
- Department of Pathologythe First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anShaanxiChina
| | - Lilan Yao
- Center of Forensic ExpertiseAffiliated hospital of Zunyi Medical UniversityZunyiGuizhouChina
| | - Xin He
- Department of MathematicsSichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina
| | - Huilin Gong
- Department of Pathologythe First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anShaanxiChina
| | - Yuan Deng
- Department of Pathologythe First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anShaanxiChina
| | - Mei Luan
- Department of Dermatology and Venerologythe First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'anShaanxiChina
| | - Guanglin He
- Institute of Forensic medicineWest China School of Basic Science and Forensic MedicineSichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina
| | - Fuquan Jia
- Department of Forensic MedicineInner Mongolia Medical UniversityHohhotInner Mongolia Autonomous RegionChina
| | - Pengyu Chen
- Center of Forensic ExpertiseAffiliated hospital of Zunyi Medical UniversityZunyiGuizhouChina
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