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Rocha-de-Lossada C, García-Lorente M, La Cruz DZD, Rodríguez-Calvo-de-Mora M, Fernández J. Supplemental Toric Intraocular Lenses in the Ciliary Sulcus for Correction of Residual Refractive Astigmatism: A Review. Ophthalmol Ther 2023; 12:1813-1826. [PMID: 37145259 PMCID: PMC10287861 DOI: 10.1007/s40123-023-00721-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study conducted a critical review of the peer-reviewed literature on the use of supplemental toric intraocular lenses (STIOL) in the ciliary sulcus to correct residual refractive astigmatism. METHODS This review used PubMed as a database from 1 January 2010 to 13 March 2023. According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria defined, 14 articles were selected for the current review. RESULTS The data of 155 eyes were analyzed. Most of the studies reviewed had a short follow-up and poor or limited design, including case reports, case series, and retrospective cohorts. The follow-up period ranged from 43 days to 4.5 years. STIOL rotation was the most frequently described complication in the literature, with a mean rotation of 30.48 ± 19.90°. These patients required repositioning in 50 of 155 eyes (32.25%). Moreover, four eyes (2.58%) required scleral fixation sutures and two eyes (1.29%) iris fixation. Other complications were high intraocular pressure (3 eyes, 1.93%), transient corneal edema (2 eyes, 1.29%), corneal decompensation (2 eyes, 1.29%), and pigment dispersion (1 eye, 0.64%). From the total, 57.41% of eyes (89 eyes from 155) achieved within ± 0.50D of target refractive astigmatism. It is important to highlight that at least 52 eyes out of the 155 (33.54%) had an abnormal cornea with irregular astigmatism. CONCLUSION STIOL seem to offer good visual and refractive outcomes. However, STIOL showed variable rotational stability, especially in some platforms. Further studies with a more robust design, methodology, and standardized analysis methods are needed to confirm these trends.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Rocha-de-Lossada
- Ophthalmology Department, Clínica QVision, Vithas Almería, Almería, Spain.
- Ophthalmology Department, Vithas Málaga, Malaga, Spain.
- Ophthalmology Department, Hospital Regional Universitario Málaga, Malaga, Spain.
- Departamento de Cirugía, Área de Oftalmología, Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain.
| | | | - Diego Zamora-de La Cruz
- Anterior Segment Department, Instituto de Oftalmología Fundación Conde de Valenciana, Mexico City, Mexico
- Anterior Segment Department, Hospital Mexiquense de Salud Visual, ISEM, Naucalpan de Juárez, Mexico
| | - Marina Rodríguez-Calvo-de-Mora
- Ophthalmology Department, Clínica QVision, Vithas Almería, Almería, Spain
- Ophthalmology Department, Vithas Málaga, Malaga, Spain
- Ophthalmology Department, Hospital Regional Universitario Málaga, Malaga, Spain
| | - Joaquín Fernández
- Ophthalmology Department, Clínica QVision, Vithas Almería, Almería, Spain
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Rocha-de-Lossada C, Rodríguez-Vallejo M, Rodríguez-Calvo-de-Mora M, Ribeiro FJ, Fernández J. Managing low corneal astigmatism in patients with presbyopia correcting intraocular lenses: a narrative review. BMC Ophthalmol 2023; 23:254. [PMID: 37280550 DOI: 10.1186/s12886-023-03003-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Cataract surgery has become a refractive procedure in which emmetropia is the goal, with the implantation of extended depth-of-focus or multifocal intraocular lenses (IOLs) being the commonly selected option to restore vision beyond the far distance. The selection criteria for implanting these lenses can differ from those for monofocal IOLs and even between technologies, as eye characteristics can affect postoperative visual performance. Corneal astigmatism is an eye characteristic that can affect visual performance differently, depending on the implanted IOL. The magnitude of corneal astigmatism, the tolerance of the IOL to this astigmatism, economic aspects, comorbidities, and the efficacy of astigmatism treatment are factors that can make surgeons' doubt as to what astigmatism treatment should be applied to each patient. This review aims to summarize the current evidence related to low astigmatism tolerance in presbyopia-correcting lenses, the efficacy achieved through corneal incisions, and their comparison with the implantation of toric IOLs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Rocha-de-Lossada
- Qvision, Department of Ophthalmology of VITHAS Almería Hospital, Almería, 04120, Spain
- Ophthalmology Department, VITHAS Málaga, Málaga, 29016, Spain
- Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, Plaza del Hospital Civil, S/N, Málaga, 29009, Spain
- Departamento de Cirugía, Universidad de Sevilla, Área de Oftalmología. Doctor Fedriani, S/N, Sevilla, 41009, Spain
| | | | - Marina Rodríguez-Calvo-de-Mora
- Qvision, Department of Ophthalmology of VITHAS Almería Hospital, Almería, 04120, Spain
- Ophthalmology Department, VITHAS Málaga, Málaga, 29016, Spain
- Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, Plaza del Hospital Civil, S/N, Málaga, 29009, Spain
| | - Filomena J Ribeiro
- Departamento de Oftalmologia, Hospital da Luz, Lisbon, 1500-650, Portugal
- Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, 1649-028, Portugal
| | - Joaquín Fernández
- Qvision, Department of Ophthalmology of VITHAS Almería Hospital, Almería, 04120, Spain
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Ye Y, Aruma A, Zhao W, Lu ZL, Zhou X, Zhao J. A novel quick contrast sensitivity function test in Chinese adults with myopia and its related parameters. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2023:10.1007/s00417-023-06010-7. [PMID: 36808230 DOI: 10.1007/s00417-023-06010-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Revised: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study is to investigate the contrast sensitivity function (CSF) using the quick CSF (qCSF) test in Chinese adults with myopia. METHODS This case series study included 320 myopic eyes of 160 patients (mean age 27.75 ± 5.99 years) who underwent a qCSF test for acuity, area under log CSF (AULCSF), and mean contrast sensitivity (CS) at 1.0, 1.5, 3.0, 6.0, 12.0, and 18.0 cycle per degree (cpd). Spherical equivalent, corrected-distant visual acuity (CDVA), and pupil size were recorded. RESULTS The spherical equivalent, CDVA (LogMAR), spherical refraction, cylindrical refraction, and the scotopic pupil size of the included eyes were - 6.30 ± 2.27 D (- 14.25 to - 0.88 D), 0 ± 0.02, - 5.74 ± 2.18 D, - 1.11 ± 0.86 D, and 6.77 ± 0.73 mm, respectively. The AULCSF and CSF acuity were 1.01 ± 0.21 and 18.45 ± 5.39 cpd, respectively. The mean CS (log units) at six different spatial frequencies were 1.25 ± 0.14, 1.29 ± 0.14, 1.25 ± 0.14, 0.98 ± 0.26, 0.45 ± 0.28, and 0.13 ± 0.17, respectively. A mixed effect model showed significant correlations between age and acuity, AULCSF, and CSF at 1.0, 12.0, and 18.0 cpd. Interocular CSF differences were correlated with the interocular difference of spherical equivalent, spherical refraction (at 1.0 cpd, 1.5 cpd), and cylindrical refraction (at 12.0 cpd, 18.0 cpd). The lower cylindrical refraction eye had higher CSF compared with the higher cylindrical refraction eye (0.48 ± 0.29 vs. 0.42 ± 0.27 at 12.0 cpd and 0.15 ± 0.19 vs. 0.12 ± 0.15 at 18.0 cpd). CONCLUSIONS The age-related decrease in contrast sensitivity is at low and high spatial frequencies. Higher-degree myopia may show a decrease in CSF acuity. Low astigmatism was noted to affect the contrast sensitivity significantly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhao Ye
- Department of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Myopia (Fudan University), Key Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 83 Fenyang Road, Shanghai, 200031, China.,Shanghai Research Center of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Laser and Autostereoscopic 3D for Vision Care (20DZ2255000), Shanghai, China
| | - Aruma Aruma
- Department of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Myopia (Fudan University), Key Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 83 Fenyang Road, Shanghai, 200031, China.,Shanghai Research Center of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Laser and Autostereoscopic 3D for Vision Care (20DZ2255000), Shanghai, China
| | - Wuxiao Zhao
- Department of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,NHC Key Laboratory of Myopia (Fudan University), Key Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 83 Fenyang Road, Shanghai, 200031, China.,Shanghai Research Center of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Laser and Autostereoscopic 3D for Vision Care (20DZ2255000), Shanghai, China
| | - Zhong-Lin Lu
- Division of Arts and Sciences, NYU Shanghai, Shanghai, China; Center for Neural Science and Department of Psychology, New York University, New York, NY, USA.,NYU-ECNU Institute of Brain and Cognitive Science, NYU Shanghai, Shanghai, China
| | - Xingtao Zhou
- Department of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China. .,NHC Key Laboratory of Myopia (Fudan University), Key Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 83 Fenyang Road, Shanghai, 200031, China. .,Shanghai Research Center of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Shanghai, China. .,Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Laser and Autostereoscopic 3D for Vision Care (20DZ2255000), Shanghai, China.
| | - Jing Zhao
- Department of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China. .,NHC Key Laboratory of Myopia (Fudan University), Key Laboratory of Myopia, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, 83 Fenyang Road, Shanghai, 200031, China. .,Shanghai Research Center of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Shanghai, China. .,Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Laser and Autostereoscopic 3D for Vision Care (20DZ2255000), Shanghai, China.
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Impact of residual astigmatism and defocus in eyes with trifocal intraocular lenses. J Cataract Refract Surg 2021; 48:679-684. [PMID: 34508029 DOI: 10.1097/j.jcrs.0000000000000814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To assess the impact on visual function of different residual astigmatic situations combined with 0.50D negative defocus at different distances in patients with trifocal intraocular lenses (IOLs). SETTING Clínica Rementería, Madrid, Spain. DESIGN Prospective case series. METHODS The study included patients with the AcrySof® IQ PanOptixTM IOL. Visual acuity (VA) was measured at far distance (0.00 diopters [D] of vergence), at -1.5D, -2.5D and -3.0D of vergence. Residual astigmatism was induced by adding 0.50 and 1.00D cylindrical lenses placed at 90° (against the rule - ATR), 45° (oblique) and 180° (with the rule - WTR). All measurements were made with distance correction (emmetropia as the reference situation) and with a simulated residual myopia of 0.50D. RESULTS The study included 61 eyes of 61 patients. Residual astigmatism of 0.50D and 1.0D was induced in 28 and 33 eyes, respectively. For both groups distance and intermediate VA was better for the reference situation (P<0.001 for all cases). With 1.0D of cylinder (without and with induced defocus), the proportion of patients who lost ≥2 lines was higher for the ATR astigmatism. For near vision, differences were smaller for all simulated situations. CONCLUSION Residual astigmatism of up to 0.50D, regardless of its orientation, seems to be tolerated at all distances. For astigmatisms of 1.0D, distance and intermediate VA decreased significantly, and ATR orientations showed worse results in a higher proportion of patients. The combination of astigmatism with residual myopia significantly decreased distance VA while this negative shift had less impact on near VA.
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Tan Y, Liu L, Li J, Qin Y, Sun A, Wu M. Evaluation of preoperative corneal astigmatism using swept-source optical biometry in Chinese cataract surgery candidates with high myopia: a prospective, comparative observational study. ANNALS OF TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE 2021; 9:618. [PMID: 33987316 PMCID: PMC8106089 DOI: 10.21037/atm-20-6757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Background High myopia and cataracts are major causes of blindness in East and Southeast Asia. Corneal astigmatism is a major contributor to uncorrected poor vision after cataract surgery in patients with high myopia. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the demographic characteristics and distribution of preoperative corneal astigmatism in Chinese cataract surgery candidates with high myopia. Methods Swept-source optical coherence tomography-based optical biometry was performed preoperatively in consecutive cataract surgery candidates who were classified by axial length (AL) into a high myopia group (defined as AL ≥26.0 mm) and a control group (normal ALs). The demographics, ALs, and keratometry values were recorded. Results Among 15,063 cataract surgery candidates (15,063 eyes), 1,921 patients (12.8%, 1,921 eyes) in the high myopia group and 11,880 patients (11,880 eyes) in the control group were enrolled. In the high myopia group, the mean age was 59.8±12.6 (standard deviation) years, which was younger than that in the control group (69.1±11.0 years, P<0.001). In the high myopia group, the mean corneal astigmatism was 1.20±0.83 dioptre (D), which was greater than that in the control group (0.93±0.69 D, P<0.001). In the high myopia group, 82.2% had corneal astigmatism ≥0.50 D, 51.4% ≥1.00 D, 27.4% ≥1.50 D and 14.4% ≥2.00 D, all of which were higher than the respective proportions in the control group (P<0.001 for all). In the high myopia group, 66.8% had moderate to high corneal astigmatism, and 42.8% had “with-the-rule” astigmatism, and both of these proportions were higher than the respective proportions in the control group (P<0.001 for both). In the high myopia group, corneal astigmatism tended to increase with increasing age (r =0.134, P<0.001) after the age of 50, which was consistent with the tendency in the control group. Conclusions A significant burden of preoperative corneal astigmatism was observed in Chinese cataract surgery candidates with high myopia. Moderate to high corneal astigmatism was more common in highly myopic eyes than in normal AL eyes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yehui Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liangping Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jianbing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yingyan Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ao Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Mingxing Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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Evaluation of Astigmatic Correction Using Vector Analysis after Combined Femtosecond Laser-Assisted Phacoemulsification and Intrastromal Arcuate Keratotomy. J Ophthalmol 2021; 2021:2860840. [PMID: 33564469 PMCID: PMC7867465 DOI: 10.1155/2021/2860840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2020] [Revised: 09/05/2020] [Accepted: 01/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate astigmatic correction in patients with mild to moderate astigmatism after combined femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery (FLACS) and intrastromal arcuate keratotomy (ISAK), using vector analysis. This retrospective study included patients with corneal astigmatism of 0.5–3.0 diopters (D) who underwent FLACS and ISAK. Vector analyses of astigmatism were performed using the Alpins method, considering three vectors: target-induced astigmatism (TIA), surgically induced astigmatism (SIA), and difference vector (DV). Magnitude of error (ME), angle of error (AE), correction index (CI), and coefficient of adjustment (CA) were calculated. Subgroup analysis according to the axis of astigmatism, patient age, and white to white (WTW) diameter was conducted. In total, for the 79 eyes of 79 patients, the TIA was 1.21 ± 0.52 D, the SIA was 0.76 ± 0.53 D, and the DV was 0.86 ± 0.50 D. The ME (difference between SIA and TIA) was −0.46 ± 0.45 D, and the CI (ratio of SIA and TIA) was 0.62 ± 0.34; both these parameters demonstrated slight undercorrection. The CA (inverse of the CI) was 2.48 ± 2.61. The AE was 4.02° ± 28.7°, and the absolute AE was 21.7° ± 19.0°. In the univariate regression analyses to identify factors that affected the CI, there was a negative correlation between age and the CI (P=0.022). In conclusion, vector analysis after the combined FLACS and ISAK revealed slight undercorrection, regardless of the astigmatism meridian. The precision of the nomogram should be improved through long-term vector analysis for the results of arcuate keratotomy and through further research on the relationship between patient demographics and CI. Overall, this study has shown that FLACS and ISAK could reduce postoperative corneal astigmatism effectively and safely.
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