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Natali LH, Troiano JA, Potje SR, Dias DP, Antoniali C. Pregnancy restores altered sympathetic vasomotor modulation and parasympathetic cardiac modulation in hypertensive rats. Pregnancy Hypertens 2022; 28:180-188. [DOI: 10.1016/j.preghy.2022.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Cairo B, de Abreu RM, Bari V, Gelpi F, De Maria B, Rehder-Santos P, Sakaguchi CA, da Silva CD, De Favari Signini É, Catai AM, Porta A. Optimizing phase variability threshold for automated synchrogram analysis of cardiorespiratory interactions in amateur cyclists. PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS. SERIES A, MATHEMATICAL, PHYSICAL, AND ENGINEERING SCIENCES 2021; 379:20200251. [PMID: 34689616 DOI: 10.1098/rsta.2020.0251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
We propose a procedure suitable for automated synchrogram analysis for setting the threshold below which phase variability between two marker event series is of such a negligible amount that the null hypothesis of phase desynchronization can be rejected. The procedure exploits the principle of maximizing the likelihood of detecting phase synchronization epochs and it is grounded on a surrogate data approach testing the null hypothesis of phase uncoupling. The approach was applied to assess cardiorespiratory phase interactions between heartbeat and inspiratory onset in amateur cyclists before and after 11-week inspiratory muscle training (IMT) at different intensities and compared to a more traditional approach to set phase variability threshold. The proposed procedure was able to detect the decrease in cardiorespiratory phase locking strength during vagal withdrawal induced by the modification of posture from supine to standing. IMT had very limited effects on cardiorespiratory phase synchronization strength and this result held regardless of the training intensity. In amateur athletes training, the inspiratory muscles did not limit the decrease in cardiorespiratory phase synchronization observed in the upright position as a likely consequence of the modest impact of this respiratory exercise, regardless of its intensity, on cardiac vagal control. This article is part of the theme issue 'Advanced computation in cardiovascular physiology: new challenges and opportunities'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatrice Cairo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Milan 20133, Italy
| | - Raphael Martins de Abreu
- Department of Physical Therapy, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, São Paulo 13565-905, Brazil
| | - Vlasta Bari
- Department of Cardiothoracic, Vascular Anesthesia and Intensive Care, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, Milan 20097, Italy
| | - Francesca Gelpi
- Department of Cardiothoracic, Vascular Anesthesia and Intensive Care, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, Milan 20097, Italy
| | | | - Patrícia Rehder-Santos
- Department of Physical Therapy, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, São Paulo 13565-905, Brazil
| | - Camila Akemi Sakaguchi
- Department of Physical Therapy, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, São Paulo 13565-905, Brazil
| | - Claudio Donisete da Silva
- Department of Physical Therapy, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, São Paulo 13565-905, Brazil
| | - Étore De Favari Signini
- Department of Physical Therapy, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, São Paulo 13565-905, Brazil
| | - Aparecida Maria Catai
- Department of Physical Therapy, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, São Paulo 13565-905, Brazil
| | - Alberto Porta
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Milan 20133, Italy
- Department of Cardiothoracic, Vascular Anesthesia and Intensive Care, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, Milan 20097, Italy
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Berg K, Kraemer JF, Riedl M, Stepan H, Kurths J, Wessel N. Increased cardiorespiratory coordination in preeclampsia. Physiol Meas 2017; 38:912-924. [DOI: 10.1088/1361-6579/aa64b0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Cerqueira LS, D'Affonsêca Netto A, Mello RGT, Nadal J. Crossover assessment of cardiolocomotor synchronization during running. Eur J Appl Physiol 2017; 117:315-322. [PMID: 28074275 DOI: 10.1007/s00421-016-3513-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2016] [Accepted: 12/07/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed at testing the hypothesis that positive cardiolocomotor coordination (CLC) measure occurs by chance during a running task where the heart rate (HR) is approximated to the step frequency (StepF). METHODS The electrocardiogram and electromyogram from the right gastrocnemius lateralis muscle were continuously recorded from ten healthy young men running at a paced rhythm of 152 step/min, to monitor HR and StepF. CLC was evaluated by phase synchrograms and the index of conditional probability (iCP). Results were validated with surrogate data and a crossover approach, where the HR of one subject was related to the StepF of another one, and comparisons were made combining subjects two by two. RESULTS Six subjects showed synchrogram structures and high iCP values (≥0.8), suggesting the occurrence of physiological entrainment, when the HR reached the SF range. In crossover analysis, phase synchrograms and iCP presented similar behavior of original data when the HR from one subject was close enough to the SF from another one. Significant iCP values in 46 of 90 comparisons (51%) were observed, including all cases crossing signals among the six positive cases. CONCLUSION Synchrogram and iCP tools currently employed for measuring CLC are not appropriate because they indicate the occurrence of this phenomenon even among subjects who ran on different days and times of each other.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucenildo Silva Cerqueira
- Programa de Engenharia Biomédica, COPPE/UFRJ, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, P.O. Box 68510, Rio de Janeiro, 21941-972, RJ, Brazil
| | - Aluizio D'Affonsêca Netto
- Programa de Engenharia Biomédica, COPPE/UFRJ, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, P.O. Box 68510, Rio de Janeiro, 21941-972, RJ, Brazil
| | - Roger Gomes Tavares Mello
- Programa de Engenharia Biomédica, COPPE/UFRJ, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, P.O. Box 68510, Rio de Janeiro, 21941-972, RJ, Brazil.,Laboratório de Fisiologia do Exercício e Biomecânica (LaFEB), Departamento de Educação Física e Esportes, Escola Naval, Marinha do Brasil, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Jurandir Nadal
- Programa de Engenharia Biomédica, COPPE/UFRJ, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, P.O. Box 68510, Rio de Janeiro, 21941-972, RJ, Brazil.
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Mazzucco CE, Marchi A, Bari V, De Maria B, Guzzetti S, Raimondi F, Catena E, Ottolina D, Amadio C, Cravero S, Fossali T, Colombo R, Porta A. Mechanical ventilatory modes and cardioventilatory phase synchronization in acute respiratory failure patients. Physiol Meas 2017; 38:895-911. [PMID: 28052047 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6579/aa56ae] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Cardioventilatory phase synchronization was studied in ten critically ill patients admitted in intensive care unit (ICU) for acute respiratory failure under two mechanical ventilatory modes: (i) pressure controlled ventilation (PCV); (ii) pressure support ventilation (PSV). The two modalities were administered to the same patient in different times in a random order. Cardioventilatory phase interactions were typified by plotting the relative position of a heartbeat, detected from the electrocardiogram and collected in n groups, within m ventilatory cycles as a function of the progressive cardiac beat number via the synchrogram. n:m phase synchronized patterns were detected by computing the variability of each phase group. The percent duration of the recording featuring phase synchronization was assessed as a measure of the strength of phase synchrony and tested against situations of full phase desynchronization between cardiac and ventilatory rhythms. Indexes quantifying the variability of the cardiac and ventilatory activities were computed as well. Findings proved that: (i) a significant presence of n:m phase synchronized patterns was detected in PCV; (ii) the strength of n:m phase synchronization was stronger during PCV than PSV; (iii) different strengths of cardioventilatory phase synchronization detected during PCV and PSV were found in presence of similar heart and ventilatory rates and alike variability. We conclude that mechanical ventilation can induce a significant presence of cardioventilatory phase synchronized patterns and this amount depends on the mode of mechanical ventilation. Future studies should test the eventual link of the level of phase coordination between heart and mechanical ventilation to a clinical outcome to understand whether featuring a certain degree of cardioventilatory phase synchronization is beneficial for the critical patient in ICU.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudio Enrico Mazzucco
- Department of Electronics Information and Bioengineering, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy
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Rabello Casali K, Ravizzoni Dartora D, Moura M, Bertagnolli M, Bader M, Haibara A, Alenina N, Irigoyen MC, Santos RA. Increased vascular sympathetic modulation in mice with Mas receptor deficiency. J Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone Syst 2016; 17:1470320316643643. [PMID: 27080540 PMCID: PMC5843925 DOI: 10.1177/1470320316643643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2015] [Accepted: 02/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2)/angiotensin (Ang)-(1-7)/Mas axis could modulate the heart rate (HR) and blood pressure variabilities (BPV) which are important predictors of cardiovascular risk and provide information about the autonomic modulation of the cardiovascular system. Therefore we investigated the effect of Mas deficiency on autonomic modulation in wild type and Mas-knockout (KO) mice. METHODS Blood pressure was recorded at high sample rate (4000 Hz). Stationary sequences of 200-250 beats were randomly chosen. Frequency domain analysis of HR and BPV was performed with an autoregressive algorithm on the pulse interval sequences and on respective systolic sequences. RESULTS The KO group presented an increase of systolic arterial pressure (SAP; 127.26±11.20 vs 135.07±6.98 mmHg), BPV (3.54±1.54 vs 5.87±2.12 mmHg(2)), and low-frequency component of systolic BPV (0.12±0.11 vs 0.47±0.34 mmHg(2)). CONCLUSIONS The deletion of Mas receptor is associated with an increase of SAP and with an increased BPV, indicating alterations in autonomic control. Increase of sympathetic vascular modulation in absence of Mas evidences the important role of Ang-(1-7)/Mas on cardiovascular regulation. Moreover, the absence of significant changes in HR and HRV can indicate an adaptation of autonomic cardiac balance. Our results suggest that the Ang-(1-7)/Mas axis seems more important in autonomic modulation of arterial pressure than HR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karina Rabello Casali
- Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil Instituto de Cardiologia-Fundação Universitária de Cardiologia, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | | | - Marina Moura
- Max-Delbruck Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Michael Bader
- Max-Delbruck Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Andrea Haibara
- Max-Delbruck Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Maria Claudia Irigoyen
- Instituto de Cardiologia-Fundação Universitária de Cardiologia, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil Instituto do Coração (InCor), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Robson A Santos
- Instituto de Cardiologia-Fundação Universitária de Cardiologia, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil National Institute of Science and Technology in Nanobiopharmaceutics, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
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Cardio-respiratory coordination increases during sleep apnea. PLoS One 2014; 9:e93866. [PMID: 24718564 PMCID: PMC3981754 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0093866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2013] [Accepted: 03/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases are the main source of morbidity and mortality in the United States with costs of more than $170 billion. Repetitive respiratory disorders during sleep are assumed to be a major cause of these diseases. Therefore, the understanding of the cardio-respiratory regulation during these events is of high public interest. One of the governing mechanisms is the mutual influence of the cardiac and respiratory oscillations on their respective onsets, the cardio-respiratory coordination (CRC). We analyze this mechanism based on nocturnal measurements of 27 males suffering from obstructive sleep apnea syndrome. Here we find, by using an advanced analysis technique, the coordigram, not only that the occurrence of CRC is significantly more frequent during respiratory sleep disturbances than in normal respiration (p-value<10−51) but also more frequent after these events (p-value<10−15). Especially, the latter finding contradicts the common assumption that spontaneous CRC can only be observed in epochs of relaxed conditions, while our newly discovered epochs of CRC after disturbances are characterized by high autonomic stress. Our findings on the connection between CRC and the appearance of sleep-disordered events require a substantial extension of the current understanding of obstructive sleep apneas and hypopneas.
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Diminazene aceturate improves autonomic modulation in pulmonary hypertension. Eur J Pharmacol 2013; 713:89-93. [PMID: 23665493 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2013.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2012] [Revised: 04/12/2013] [Accepted: 04/18/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
We have previously demonstrated that diminazene aceturate (DIZE), a putative angiotensin 1-7 converting enzyme activator, protects rats from monocrotaline (MCT)-induced pulmonary hypertension (PH). The present study was conducted to determine if the beneficial effects of DIZE are associated with improvements in autonomic nervous system (ANS) modulation. PH was induced in male rats by a single subcutaneous injection of MCT (50 mg/kg). A subset of MCT rats were treated with DIZE (15 mg/kg/day) for a period of 21 days, after which the ANS modulation was evaluated by spectral and symbolic analysis of heart rate variability (HRV). MCT administration resulted in a significant (P<0.001) increase in the right ventricular systolic pressure (62 ± 14 mmHg) when compared with other experimental groups (Control: 26 ± 6; MCT + DIZE: 31 ± 7 mmHg), while DIZE treatment was able to decrease this pressure. Furthermore MCT-treated rats had significantly reduced total power of HRV than the controls. On the other hand, although not significant, a trend towards increased HRV was observed in the MCT + DIZE group (Control: 108 ± 47; MCT: 12 ± 8.86 and MCT + DIZE: 40 ± 14), suggesting an improvement of the cardiac autonomic modulation. This observation was further confirmed by the low-frequency/high-frequency index of spectral analysis (Control: 0.74 ± 0.62; MCT: 1.45 ± 0.78 and MCT + DIZE: 0.34 ± 0.49) which showed that DIZE treatment was able to recover the ANS imbalance observed in the MCT-induced pulmonary hypertensive rats. Collectively, our results demonstrate that MCT-induced PH is associated with a significant increase in sympathetic modulation and a decrease in HRV, which are markedly improved by DIZE treatment.
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Riedl M, van Leeuwen P, Suhrbier A, Malberg H, Grönemeyer D, Kurths J, Wessel N. Testing foetal-maternal heart rate synchronization via model-based analyses. PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS. SERIES A, MATHEMATICAL, PHYSICAL, AND ENGINEERING SCIENCES 2009; 367:1407-1421. [PMID: 19324716 DOI: 10.1098/rsta.2008.0277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The investigation of foetal reaction to internal and external conditions and stimuli is an important tool in the characterization of the developing neural integration of the foetus. An interesting example of this is the study of the interrelationship between the foetal and the maternal heart rate. Recent studies have shown a certain likelihood of occasional heart rate synchronization between mother and foetus. In the case of respiratory-induced heart rate changes, the comparison with maternal surrogates suggests that the evidence for detected synchronization is largely statistical and does not result from physiological interaction. Rather, they simply reflect a stochastic, temporary stability of two independent oscillators with time-variant frequencies. We reanalysed three datasets from that study for a more local consideration. Epochs of assumed synchronization associated with short-term regulation of the foetal heart rate were selected and compared with synchronization resulting from white noise instead of the foetal signal. Using data-driven modelling analysis, it was possible to identify the consistent influence of the heartbeat duration of maternal beats preceding the foetal beats during epochs of synchronization. These maternal beats occurred approximately one maternal respiratory cycle prior to the affected foetal beat. A similar effect could not be found in the epochs without synchronization. Simulations based on the fitted models led to a higher likelihood of synchronization in the data segments with assumed foetal-maternal interaction than in the segment without such assumed interaction. We conclude that the data-driven model-based analysis can be a useful tool for the identification of synchronization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maik Riedl
- Interdisciplinary Center for Dynamics of Complex Systems, University of Potsdam, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
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Sazonov AV, Ho CK, Bergmans JWM, Arends JBAM, Griep PAM, Verbitskiy EA, Cluitmans PJM, Boon PAJM. An investigation of the phase locking index for measuring of interdependency of cortical source signals recorded in the EEG. BIOLOGICAL CYBERNETICS 2009; 100:129-146. [PMID: 19152066 PMCID: PMC2792353 DOI: 10.1007/s00422-008-0283-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2008] [Accepted: 12/02/2008] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The phase locking index (PLI) was introduced to quantify in a statistical sense the phase synchronization of two signals. It has been commonly used to process biosignals. In this article, we investigate the PLI for measuring the interdependency of cortical source signals (CSSs) recorded in the Electroencephalogram (EEG). To this end, we consider simple analytical models for the mapping of simulated CSSs into the EEG. For these models, the PLI is investigated analytically and through numerical simulations. An evaluation is made of the sensitivity of the PLI to the amount of crosstalk between the sources through biological tissues of the head. It is found that the PLI is a useful interdependency measure for CSSs, especially when the amount of crosstalk is small. Another common interdependency measure is the coherence. A direct comparison of both measures has not been made in the literature so far. We assess the performance of the PLI and coherence for estimation and detection purposes based on, respectively, a normalized variance and a novel statistical measure termed contrast. Based on these performance measures, it is found that the PLI is similar or better than the CM in most cases. This result is also confirmed through analysis of EEGs recorded from epileptic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrei V Sazonov
- Signal Processing Systems Group, Department of Electrical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, PO Box 513, 5600 MB, Eindhoven, The Netherlands.
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Sazonov AV, Ho CK, Bergmans JWM, Arends JBAM, Griep PAM, Verbitskiy EA, Cluitmans PJM, Boon PAJM. Analysis of the phase locking index for measuring of interdependency of cortical signals recorded in the EEG. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008; 2007:1985-91. [PMID: 18002374 DOI: 10.1109/iembs.2007.4352708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The phase locking index (PLI) was introduced to quantify in a statistical sense the phase synchronization of two signals. It has been commonly used to process biosignals. In this paper, we analyze the PLI for measuring the interdependency of cortical source signals (CSSs) recorded in the Electroencephalogram (EEG). The main focus of the analysis is the probability density function, which describes the sensitivity of the PLI to the joint noise ensemble in the CSSs. Since this function is mathematically intractable, we derive approximations and analyze them for a simple analytical model of the CSS mixture in the EEG. The accuracies of the approximate probability density functions (APDFs) are evaluated using simulations for the model. The APDFs are found sufficiently accurate and thus are applicable for practical intents and purposes. They can hence be used to determine the confidence intervals and significance levels for detection methods for interdependencies, e.g., between cortical signals recorded in the EEG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrei V Sazonov
- Dept. of Electrical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands.
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Barbi M, Chillemi S, Di Garbo A, Balocchi R, Menicucci D. A minimal model for the respiratory sinus arrhythmia. BIOLOGICAL CYBERNETICS 2006; 94:225-32. [PMID: 16402244 DOI: 10.1007/s00422-005-0043-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2005] [Accepted: 11/21/2005] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
The cardiac and respiratory rhythms in humans are known to be coupled by several mechanisms. In particular, the first rhythm is deeply modulated by the second. In this report we propose a simple operational model for heart rate variability which, taking such modulation into account, reproduces the main features of some experimental sequences of RR intervals recorded from healthy subjects in the resting condition. Also, peer analysis of the model performance allows us to answer the question whether the observed behaviour should be ascribed to phase synchronisation of the heart beating to the respiratory rhythm. Lastly, the changes of the model activity brought about by changing its relevant parameters are analysed and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Barbi
- IBF CNR, Via G. Moruzzi, 1 - 56124, Pisa, Italy.
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