Endovascular stenting of mesenterico-portal vein stenosis to reduce blood flow through venous collaterals prior to pancreatoduodenectomy

Endovascular Stenting for Idiopathic Stenosis of the Superior Mesenteric Vein: A Case Report

Idiopathic superior mesenteric vein (SMV) stenosis, where no clear causative factor is identifiable, remains a clinical rarity. We present a detailed case report of a patient with idiopathic stenosis of the SMV who underwent successful endovascular stenting. This report outlines the patient's clinical presentation, diagnostic imaging findings, procedural approach by the interventional radiology team, and subsequent management. Endovascular stenting is a viable therapeutic option for patients with idiopathic SMV stenosis. This case demonstrates that with appropriate interventional and post-procedural management, long-term stent patency and thrombosis prevention can be achieved. The success of this case encourages further investigation into endovascular treatments for venous stenoses.

Radiological prediction of portal vein infiltration in patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma

BACKGROUND

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is an aggressive gastrointestinal malignancy characterized by early loco-regional invasion. Portal vein resection (PVR) during pancreatoduodenectomy (PD) for PDAC is performed if tumor cell invasion to the venous wall (PVI) is suspected. The aim of this study is to evaluate radiological criteria for predicting PVR and PVI.

METHODS

Patients undergoing PD for PDAC were identified from a prospectively maintained database. On the basis of CT- and MRI-based imaging portal vein tumor contact (PV), stranding of the superior mesenteric artery (SMA) and any alterations of the superior mesenterico-portal vein (SMPV) were evaluated. The accuracy of PVI and PVR prediction based on the radiological parameters was calculated.

RESULTS

143 patients were included in the study. 48 patients underwent PVR (34%), PVI was diagnosed in 23 patients (16%). Median overall survival was 22 months. Prediction of PVR (sensitivity 79%, negative predictive value 88%, p = 0.010) and PVI (sensitivity 95%, negative predictive value 99%, p = 0.002) was most accurate for any SMPV alterations as compared to the other radiological parameters. SMPV alterations qualified as an independent prognostic parameter (26.5 months vs. 33.5months, p = 0.034).

CONCLUSION

Radiological evaluation of any SMPV alterations is a simple preoperative method to accurately predict PVI. Assessing SMPV alterations may help to identify candidates for neoadjuvant therapy.

Vascular Resections for Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma: Vascular Resections for PDAC

BACKGROUND AND AIMS

It has become clear that vein resection and reconstruction for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is the standard of care as supported by multiple guidelines. However, resection of large peri-pancreatic arteries remains debatable.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

This review examines the current state of vascular resection with curative intent for PDAC in the last 5 years. Herein, we consider venous (superior mesenteric vein, portal vein), as well as arterial (superior mesenteric artery, celiac trunk, hepatic artery) resection or both with or without reconstruction.

RESULTS

Improvement of multidrug chemotherapy has revolutionized care for PDAC that should shift traditional surgical thinking from an anatomical classification of resectability to a prognostic and biological classification.

CONCLUSION

The present review gives an overview on the results of pancreatectomy associated with vascular resection, with consideration of new perspectives offered by the availability of better systemic therapies.

[Celiac trunk resection in patients with pancreatic cancer and severe pain syndrome]

AIM

To show the advisability, satisfactory tolerance and good analgesic effect of surgery for pancreatic ductal carcinoma with celiac trunk invasion.

MATERIAL AND METHODS

Distal subtotal pancreatectomy with resection of celiac trunk and common hepatic artery was made in 21 patients.

RESULTS

Early postoperative complications after distal subtotal pancreatectomy with celiac trunk resection occurred in 10 (47.6%) patients. There was no postoperative mortality. Resection edges including retroperitoneal space and pancreas did not contain tumor cells according to histological examination. Complete analgesic effect was obtained in 100% of patients after distal subtotal pancreatectomy with celiac trunk resection and neurodissection. 1- and 2-year survival was 59.1% and 21.5% respectively in patients with locally advanced pancreatic ductal carcinoma who underwent distal subtotal pancreatectomy with celiac trunk resection, median - 13 months, maximum lifetime - 57 months.

CONCLUSION

Distal subtotal pancreatectomy with resection of celiac trunk and common hepatic artery is safe, provides significant analgesic effect, increases resectability and expands the indications for pancreatectomy.