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Antunes FTT, Huang S, Chen L, Zamponi GW. Effect of ABT-639 on Cav3.2 channel activity and its analgesic actions in mouse models of inflammatory and neuropathic pain. Eur J Pharmacol 2024; 967:176416. [PMID: 38342359 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2024.176416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/13/2024]
Abstract
Cav3.2 T-type calcium channels are important targets for pain relief in rodent models of inflammatory and neuropathic pain. Even though many T-type channel blockers have been tested in mice, only one molecule, ABT-639, has been tested in phase II clinical studies and did not produce analgesic effects over placebo. Here we examined the effects of ABT-639 on Cav3.2 channel activity in tsA-201 cells and dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons, in comparison with another established Cav3.2 inhibitor Z944. These experiments revealed that Z944 mediated ∼100-fold more potent inhibition of Cav3.2 currents than ABT-639, with the latter blocking channel activity by less than 15 percent when applied at a concentration of 30 μM. A slight increase in ABT-639 potency was observed at more depolarized holding potentials, suggesting that this compound may act preferentially on inactivated channels. We tested the effects of both compounds in the Complete Freund's Adjuvant (CFA) model of chronic inflammatory pain, and in partial sciatic nerve injury model of neuropathic pain in mice. In the neuropathic pain model, both Z944 and ABT-639 reversed mechanical hypersensitivity to similar degrees when delivered systemically, but remarkably, when delivered intrathecally, only Z944 was effective. In the CFA model, both compounds reversed thermal hyperalgesia upon systemic delivery, but only Z944 mediated pain relief upon intrathecal delivery, indicating that ABT-639 acts primarily at peripheral sites. ABT-639 lost its analgesic effects in CFA treated Cav3.2 null mice, indicating that these channels are essential for ABT-639-mediated pain relief despite its poor inhibition of Cav3.2 currents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flavia Tasmin Techera Antunes
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, AB, T2N 4N1, Calgary, Canada
| | - Sun Huang
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, AB, T2N 4N1, Calgary, Canada
| | - Lina Chen
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, AB, T2N 4N1, Calgary, Canada
| | - Gerald W Zamponi
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, AB, T2N 4N1, Calgary, Canada.
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Liu H, Lauzadis J, Gunaratna K, Sipple E, Kaczocha M, Puopolo M. Inhibition of T-Type Calcium Channels With TTA-P2 Reduces Chronic Neuropathic Pain Following Spinal Cord Injury in Rats. J Pain 2023; 24:1681-1695. [PMID: 37169156 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpain.2023.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI)-induced neuropathic pain (SCI-NP) develops in up to 60 to 70% of people affected by traumatic SCI, leading to a major decline in quality of life and increased risk for depression, anxiety, and addiction. Gabapentin and pregabalin, together with antidepressant drugs, are commonly prescribed to treat SCI-NP, but their efficacy is unsatisfactory. The limited efficacy of current pharmacological treatments for SCI-NP likely reflects our limited knowledge of the underlying mechanism(s) responsible for driving the maintenance of SCI-NP. The leading hypothesis in the field supports a major role for spontaneously active injured nociceptors in driving the maintenance of SCI-NP. Recent data from our laboratory provided additional support for this hypothesis and identified the T-type calcium channels as key players in driving the spontaneous activity of SCI-nociceptors, thus providing a rational pharmacological target to treat SCI-NP. To test whether T-type calcium channels contribute to the maintenance of SCI-NP, male and female SCI and sham rats were treated with TTA-P2 (a blocker of T-type calcium channels) to determine its effects on mechanical hypersensitivity (as measured with the von Frey filaments) and spontaneous ongoing pain (as measured with the conditioned place preference paradigm), and compared them to the effects of gabapentin, a blocker of high voltage-activated calcium channels. We found that both TTA-P2 and gabapentin reduced mechanical hypersensitivity in male and females SCI rats, but surprisingly only TTA-P2 reduced spontaneous ongoing pain in male SCI rats. PERSPECTIVES: SCI-induced neuropathic pain, and in particular the spontaneous ongoing pain component, is notoriously very difficult to treat. Our data provide evidence that inhibition of T-type calcium channels reduces spontaneous ongoing pain in SCI rats, supporting a clinically relevant role for T-type channels in the maintenance of SCI-induced neuropathic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huilin Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Stony Brook Pain and Analgesia Research Center (SPARC), Health Sciences Center L4-072, Stony Brook Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook, New York
| | - Justas Lauzadis
- Department of Anesthesiology, Stony Brook Pain and Analgesia Research Center (SPARC), Health Sciences Center L4-072, Stony Brook Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook, New York
| | - Kavindu Gunaratna
- Department of Anesthesiology, Stony Brook Pain and Analgesia Research Center (SPARC), Health Sciences Center L4-072, Stony Brook Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook, New York
| | - Erin Sipple
- Department of Anesthesiology, Stony Brook Pain and Analgesia Research Center (SPARC), Health Sciences Center L4-072, Stony Brook Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook, New York
| | - Martin Kaczocha
- Department of Anesthesiology, Stony Brook Pain and Analgesia Research Center (SPARC), Health Sciences Center L4-072, Stony Brook Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook, New York
| | - Michelino Puopolo
- Department of Anesthesiology, Stony Brook Pain and Analgesia Research Center (SPARC), Health Sciences Center L4-072, Stony Brook Renaissance School of Medicine, Stony Brook, New York.
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Antunes FTT, Campos MM, Carvalho VDPR, da Silva Junior CA, Magno LAV, de Souza AH, Gomez MV. Current Drug Development Overview: Targeting Voltage-Gated Calcium Channels for the Treatment of Pain. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24119223. [PMID: 37298174 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24119223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 04/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Voltage-gated calcium channels (VGCCs) are targeted to treat pain conditions. Since the discovery of their relation to pain processing control, they are investigated to find new strategies for better pain control. This review provides an overview of naturally based and synthetic VGCC blockers, highlighting new evidence on the development of drugs focusing on the VGCC subtypes as well as mixed targets with pre-clinical and clinical analgesic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flavia Tasmin Techera Antunes
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
- Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Maria Martha Campos
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Odontologia, Escola de Ciências da Saúde e da Vida, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre 90619-900, RS, Brazil
| | | | | | - Luiz Alexandre Viana Magno
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Faculdade Ciências Médicas de Minas Gerais (FCMMG), Belo Horizonte 30110-005, MG, Brazil
| | - Alessandra Hubner de Souza
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Faculdade Ciências Médicas de Minas Gerais (FCMMG), Belo Horizonte 30110-005, MG, Brazil
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Akbar I, Radhakrishnan S, Meenakshisundaram K, Manilal A, Hatamleh AA, Alnafisi BK, Ahamed A, Balasubramani R. Design of 1,4-Dihydropyridine Hybrid Benzamide Derivatives: Synthesis and Evaluation of Analgesic Activity and Their Molecular Docking Studies. Drug Des Devel Ther 2022; 16:4021-4039. [DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s357604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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Akman D, Denzinger K, Huang S, Lee J, Nafie JW, Wolber G, Zamponi GW, Armstrong DW, Gündüz MG. Focusing on C-4 position of Hantzsch 1,4-dihydropyridines: Molecular modifications, enantioseparation, and binding mechanism to L- and T-type calcium channels. Eur J Med Chem 2022; 244:114787. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2022.114787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Abstract
AbstractChronic pain is a severely debilitating condition that reflects a long-term sensitization of signal transduction in the afferent pain pathway. Among the key players in this pathway are T-type calcium channels, in particular the Cav3.2 isoform. Because of their biophysical characteristics, these channels are ideally suited towards regulating neuronal excitability. Recent evidence suggests that T-type channels contribute to excitability of neurons all along the ascending and descending pain pathways, within primary afferent neurons, spinal dorsal horn neurons, and within pain-processing neurons in the midbrain and cortex. Here we review the contribution of T-type channels to neuronal excitability and function in each of these neuronal populations and how they are dysregulated in chronic pain conditions. Finally, we discuss their molecular pharmacology and the potential role of these channels as therapeutic targets for chronic pain.
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Alles SRA, Smith PA. Peripheral Voltage-Gated Cation Channels in Neuropathic Pain and Their Potential as Therapeutic Targets. Front Pain Res (Lausanne) 2022; 2:750583. [PMID: 35295464 PMCID: PMC8915663 DOI: 10.3389/fpain.2021.750583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The persistence of increased excitability and spontaneous activity in injured peripheral neurons is imperative for the development and persistence of many forms of neuropathic pain. This aberrant activity involves increased activity and/or expression of voltage-gated Na+ and Ca2+ channels and hyperpolarization activated cyclic nucleotide gated (HCN) channels as well as decreased function of K+ channels. Because they display limited central side effects, peripherally restricted Na+ and Ca2+ channel blockers and K+ channel activators offer potential therapeutic approaches to pain management. This review outlines the current status and future therapeutic promise of peripherally acting channel modulators. Selective blockers of Nav1.3, Nav1.7, Nav1.8, Cav3.2, and HCN2 and activators of Kv7.2 abrogate signs of neuropathic pain in animal models. Unfortunately, their performance in the clinic has been disappointing; some substances fail to meet therapeutic end points whereas others produce dose-limiting side effects. Despite this, peripheral voltage-gated cation channels retain their promise as therapeutic targets. The way forward may include (i) further structural refinement of K+ channel activators such as retigabine and ASP0819 to improve selectivity and limit toxicity; use or modification of Na+ channel blockers such as vixotrigine, PF-05089771, A803467, PF-01247324, VX-150 or arachnid toxins such as Tap1a; the use of Ca2+ channel blockers such as TTA-P2, TTA-A2, Z 944, ACT709478, and CNCB-2; (ii) improving methods for assessing “pain” as opposed to nociception in rodent models; (iii) recognizing sex differences in pain etiology; (iv) tailoring of therapeutic approaches to meet the symptoms and etiology of pain in individual patients via quantitative sensory testing and other personalized medicine approaches; (v) targeting genetic and biochemical mechanisms controlling channel expression using anti-NGF antibodies such as tanezumab or re-purposed drugs such as vorinostat, a histone methyltransferase inhibitor used in the management of T-cell lymphoma, or cercosporamide a MNK 1/2 inhibitor used in treatment of rheumatoid arthritis; (vi) combination therapy using drugs that are selective for different channel types or regulatory processes; (vii) directing preclinical validation work toward the use of human or human-derived tissue samples; and (viii) application of molecular biological approaches such as clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR) technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sascha R A Alles
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, University of New Mexico School of Medicine, Albuquerque, NM, United States
| | - Peter A Smith
- Department of Pharmacology, Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
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Ioele G, Muzzalupo R, Gündüz MG, De Luca M, Mazzotta E, Grande F, Occhiuzzi MA, Garofalo A, Ragno G. Use of Pluronic Surfactants in Gel Formulations of Photosensitive 1,4-Dihydropyridine Derivatives: A Potential Approach in the Treatment of Neuropathic Pain. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13040527. [PMID: 33920090 PMCID: PMC8070562 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13040527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Revised: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
1,4-Dihydropyridines (DHPs) are the most important class of L-type calcium channel blockers that are employed for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases, particularly hypertension. Various modifications on this scaffold lead to the discovery of new DHPs blocking different types of calcium channels. Among them, the T-type calcium channel has recently attracted great interest due to its role in chronic pain conditions. In this study, we selected three newly synthesized DHPs (HM8, HM10 and MD20) with different selectivity profiles to the T-type calcium channel and formulated them in micellar solutions and micellar-in-gel matrices to be tested for potential topical use in the treatment of neuropathic pain. To prevent the well-known sensitivity to light of the DHPs, the studied compounds were entrapped in colloidal aggregates obtained by using edible Pluronic® surfactants and adding α-tocopherol as an antioxidant. All the prepared formulations were exposed to stressing light, according to international rules. Along with the degradation experiments, the concentrations of the parent compounds and by-products were calculated by multivariate curve resolution—alternating least squares (MCR-ALS) applied to the spectral data. The defined formulations proved suitable as light-stable matrices for the DHP compounds, showing an increase in stability for HM8 and MD20 and an almost complete photoprotection for HM10, compared to ethanol solutions and standard gel formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppina Ioele
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy; (R.M.); (M.D.L.); (E.M.); (F.G.); (M.A.O.); (A.G.); (G.R.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0984-493268
| | - Rita Muzzalupo
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy; (R.M.); (M.D.L.); (E.M.); (F.G.); (M.A.O.); (A.G.); (G.R.)
| | - Miyase Gözde Gündüz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University, 06100 Ankara, Turkey;
| | - Michele De Luca
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy; (R.M.); (M.D.L.); (E.M.); (F.G.); (M.A.O.); (A.G.); (G.R.)
| | - Elisabetta Mazzotta
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy; (R.M.); (M.D.L.); (E.M.); (F.G.); (M.A.O.); (A.G.); (G.R.)
| | - Fedora Grande
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy; (R.M.); (M.D.L.); (E.M.); (F.G.); (M.A.O.); (A.G.); (G.R.)
| | - Maria Antonietta Occhiuzzi
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy; (R.M.); (M.D.L.); (E.M.); (F.G.); (M.A.O.); (A.G.); (G.R.)
| | - Antonio Garofalo
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy; (R.M.); (M.D.L.); (E.M.); (F.G.); (M.A.O.); (A.G.); (G.R.)
| | - Gaetano Ragno
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy; (R.M.); (M.D.L.); (E.M.); (F.G.); (M.A.O.); (A.G.); (G.R.)
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9
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Affiliation(s)
- Dharambeer S. Malhi
- Department of ChemistryChandigarh University Gharuan- 140413, Mohali, Punjab India
| | - Manvinder Kaur
- Department of ChemistryChandigarh University Gharuan- 140413, Mohali, Punjab India
| | - Harvinder S. Sohal
- Department of ChemistryChandigarh University Gharuan- 140413, Mohali, Punjab India
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Aygün Cevher H, Schaller D, Gandini MA, Kaplan O, Gambeta E, Zhang FX, Çelebier M, Tahir MN, Zamponi GW, Wolber G, Gündüz MG. Discovery of Michael acceptor containing 1,4-dihydropyridines as first covalent inhibitors of L-/T-type calcium channels. Bioorg Chem 2019; 91:103187. [PMID: 31419643 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2019.103187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2019] [Revised: 07/23/2019] [Accepted: 08/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
1,4-Dihydropyridines (DHPs) are an important class of blockers targeting different calcium channel subtypes and have great therapeutic value against cardiovascular and neurophysiologic conditions. Here, we present the design of DHP-based hexahydroquinoline derivatives as either selective or covalent inhibitors of calcium channels. These compounds were synthesized via a modified Hantzsch reaction under microwave irradiation and characterized by IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR and mass spectra. Additionally, the proposed structure of HM12 was resolved by single crystal X-ray analysis. The abilities of the target compounds to block both L- and T-type calcium channels were evaluated by utilizing the whole-cell patch clamp technique. Our results identified covalent inhibitors of calcium channels for the first time, which could be achieved by introducing a Michael acceptor group into the ester side chain of the compounds. The proposed covalent binding between the compounds and the cysteine amino acid (Cys1492) within the DHP binding pocket of L-type calcium channel was supported by docking and pharmacophore analysis as well as a glutathione reactivity assay.
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Zeynizadeh B, Rahmani S, Eghbali E. Anchored sulfonic acid on silica-layered NiFe2O4: A magnetically reusable nanocatalyst for Hantzsch synthesis of 1,4-dihydropyridines. Polyhedron 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2019.04.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Sun J, Gözde Gündüz M, Zhang J, Yu J, Guo X. Direct Enantiomeric Resolution of Seventeen Racemic 1,4-Dihydropyridine-Based Hexahydroquinoline Derivatives by HPLC. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20102513. [PMID: 31121823 PMCID: PMC6566779 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20102513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2019] [Revised: 05/17/2019] [Accepted: 05/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
1,4-Dihydropyridine (DHP) scaffold holds an outstanding position with its versatile pharmacological properties among all heterocyclic compounds. Although most of the commercially available DHPs are marketed as a racemic mixture, the chiral center at C-4 can lead to even opposite pharmacological activities between the enantiomers. In the present study, enantioseparation of seventeen DHP structural analogues, consisting of either pharmacologically active or newly synthesized derivatives, (M2-4, MD5, HM2, HM10, CE5, N11, N10, N7, M11, MC6-8, MC13, MD23, and 42IIP) by high-performance liquid chromatography was investigated using immobilized polysaccharide-based chiral stationary phase, Chiralpak IC column. Due to the solvent versatility of the covalently immobilized chiral stationary phase in enantiomer separation, multiple elution modes including standard normal phase, nonstandard mobile phase, and reversed phase were used to expand the possibility to find the optimum enantioselective conditions for the tested analytes. Under appropriate separation conditions, complete enantiomeric separation was obtained for nearly all compounds except MC6-8 and MC13 which contained two chiral centers. Additionally, the effects of the polar modifier, the additive, and column temperature on the chiral recognition were evaluated. The thermodynamic parameters calculated according to the linear van’t Hoff equation indicated that the chiral separations in this study were enthalpy-driven or entropy-driven. Some parameters of method validation such as linearity, limit of quantitation, and repeatability were also measured for all studied compounds to prove the reliability of the method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayi Sun
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China.
| | - Miyase Gözde Gündüz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University, Sıhhiye, Ankara 06100, Turkey.
| | - Junyuan Zhang
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China.
| | - Jia Yu
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China.
| | - Xingjie Guo
- Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China.
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Teleb M, Rizk OH, Zhang FX, Fronczek FR, Zamponi GW, Fahmy H. Design, synthesis and pharmacological evaluation of some substituted dihydropyrimidines with L-/T-type calcium channel blocking activities. Bioorg Chem 2019; 83:354-366. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2018.10.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2018] [Revised: 10/19/2018] [Accepted: 10/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Ioele G, Gündüz MG, Spatari C, De Luca M, Grande F, Ragno G. A New Generation of Dihydropyridine Calcium Channel Blockers: Photostabilization of Liquid Formulations Using Nonionic Surfactants. Pharmaceutics 2019; 11:pharmaceutics11010028. [PMID: 30641992 PMCID: PMC6359235 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics11010028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2018] [Revised: 01/03/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The stability profile of a new 1,4-dihydropyridine derivative (DHP), representative of a series with a hexahydroquinoline ring, was studied to design light-stable liquid formulations. This molecule, named M3, has been shown among the analogs to have a high capacity to block both L- and T-type calcium channels. The ethanol solution of the drug was subjected to a photodegradation test, in accordance with standard rules. The concentrations of the drug and its byproducts were estimated using multivariate curve resolution, applied to the spectral data collected during the test. The improvement of both the photostability and water solubility of M3 was investigated by adding the surfactant polysorbate 20 in a 1:5 ratio to aqueous solutions of the drug. These formulations were exposed to stressing light in containers of bleu polyethylene terephthalate (PET), amber PET, and covered amber PET. The best results were obtained when using the covered amber PET container, reaching a degradation percentage of the drug less than 5% after 12 h under an irradiance power of 450 W/m2. The stability of the compound was compared to that of nimodipine (NIM) under the same conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppina Ioele
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy.
| | - Miyase Gözde Gündüz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University, Ankara 06100, Turkey.
| | - Claudia Spatari
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy.
| | - Michele De Luca
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy.
| | - Fedora Grande
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy.
| | - Gaetano Ragno
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036 Rende, Italy.
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Zeynizadeh B, Rahmani S. Sulfonyl-bridged (copper-immobilized nickel ferrite) with activated montmorillonite, [(NiFe2O4@Cu)SO2(MMT)]: a new class of magnetically separable clay nanocomposite systems towards Hantzsch synthesis of coumarin-based 1,4-dihydropyridines. RSC Adv 2019; 9:8002-8015. [PMID: 35521208 PMCID: PMC9061266 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra00177h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2019] [Accepted: 03/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, the synthesis of a new class of magnetic clay-based nanocomposites by bridging of sulfonyl groups between copper-immobilized nickel ferrite (NiFe2O4@Cu) and activated montmorillonite is described. Synthesis of the clay nanocatalyst was carried out via the activation of montmorillonite by ClSO3H to afford sulfonated montmorillonite. The modified montmorillonite was then reacted with copper-layered nickel ferrite to afford the magnetic clay nanocomposite [(NiFe2O4@Cu)SO2(MMT)]. Next, the characterization of porous materials was carried out using scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, Brunauer–Emmett–Teller and vibrating sample magnetometer analyses. The obtained results showed that the clay nanocomposite containing a sulfonyl-bridge has a large surface area and magnetic properties versus the prepared one without the sulfonyl groups as (NiFe2O4@Cu)(MMT). The nanostructured clay had excellent catalytic activity towards the Hantzsch synthesis of coumarin-based 1,4-dihydropyridines via one-pot and three-component condensation of 4-hydroxycoumarin, aromatic aldehydes and ammonia. All reactions were carried out in water as a green and economic green solvent within 10–45 min to affords 1,4-DHPs in high to excellent yields. Reusability of the clay nanocomposite was investigated for six consecutive cycles without significant loss of catalytic activity. Based on this study, therefore, sulfonated montmorillonite could be considered an excellent support for the immobilization of magnetic materials. In this study, the synthesis of a new class of magnetic clay-based nanocomposites by bridging of sulfonyl groups between copper-immobilized nickel ferrite (NiFe2O4@Cu) and activated montmorillonite is described.![]()
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Ranjbar S, Edraki N, Firuzi O, Khoshneviszadeh M, Miri R. 5-Oxo-hexahydroquinoline: an attractive scaffold with diverse biological activities. Mol Divers 2019; 23:471-508. [PMID: 30390186 DOI: 10.1007/s11030-018-9886-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2018] [Accepted: 10/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
5-Oxo-hexahydroquinoline (5-oxo-HHQ) represents a biologically attractive fused heterocyclic core. Various synthetic analogs of 5-oxo-HHQ have been synthesized and assessed for different biological activities. Some derivatives have exhibited myorelaxant, analgesic, anticancer, antibacterial, antifungal, antitubercular, antimalarial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, multidrug resistance reversal, anti-Alzheimer, neuroprotective, antidiabetic, antidyslipidemic and antiosteoporotic activities. This review provides a comprehensive report regarding the preparation and pharmacological characterization of 5-oxo-HHQ derivatives that have been reported so far. This information will be beneficial for medicinal chemists in the field of drug discovery to design and develop new and potent therapeutical agents bearing the 5-oxo-HHQ nucleus.
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Abstract
Low Voltage-Activated (LVA) T-type calcium channels are characterized by transient current and Low Threshold Spikes (LTS) that trigger neuronal firing and oscillatory behavior. Combined with their preferential localization in dendrites and their specific "window current", T-type calcium channels are considered to be key players in signal amplification and synaptic integration. Assisted by the emerging pharmacological tools, the structural determinants of channel gating and kinetics, as well as novel physiological and pathological functions of T-type calcium channels, are being uncovered. In this review, we provide an overview of structural determinants in T-type calcium channels, their involvement in disorders and diseases, the development of novel channel modulators, as well as Structure-Activity Relationship (SAR) studies that lead to rational drug design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Wang
- Division of Chemistry and Structural Biology, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, the University of Queensland, Brisbane Qld 4072, Australia
| | - Lotten Ragnarsson
- Division of Chemistry and Structural Biology, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, the University of Queensland, Brisbane Qld 4072, Australia
| | - Richard J Lewis
- Division of Chemistry and Structural Biology, Institute for Molecular Bioscience, the University of Queensland, Brisbane Qld 4072, Australia
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Snutch TP, Zamponi GW. Recent advances in the development of T-type calcium channel blockers for pain intervention. Br J Pharmacol 2018; 175:2375-2383. [PMID: 28608534 PMCID: PMC5980537 DOI: 10.1111/bph.13906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2017] [Revised: 05/19/2017] [Accepted: 06/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Cav 3.2 T-type calcium channels are important regulators of pain signals in the afferent pain pathway, and their activities are dysregulated during various chronic pain states. Therefore, it is reasonable to predict that inhibiting T-type calcium channels in dorsal root ganglion neurons and in the spinal dorsal horn can be targeted for pain relief. This is supported by early pharmacological studies with T-type channel blockers, such as ethosuximide, and by analgesic effects of siRNA depletion of Cav 3.2 channels. In the past 5 years, considerable effort has been applied towards identifying novel classes of T-type calcium channel blockers. Here, we review recent developments in the discovery of novel classes of T-type calcium channel blockers, and their analgesic effects in animal models of pain and in clinical trials. LINKED ARTICLES This article is part of a themed section on Recent Advances in Targeting Ion Channels to Treat Chronic Pain. To view the other articles in this section visit http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/bph.v175.12/issuetoc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Terrance P Snutch
- Michael Smith Laboratories and Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain HealthUniversity of British ColumbiaVancouverBCCanada
| | - Gerald W Zamponi
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Hotchkiss Brain Institute and Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Cumming School of MedicineUniversity of CalgaryCalgaryABCanada
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Schaller D, Gündüz MG, Zhang FX, Zamponi GW, Wolber G. Binding mechanism investigations guiding the synthesis of novel condensed 1,4-dihydropyridine derivatives with L-/T-type calcium channel blocking activity. Eur J Med Chem 2018; 155:1-12. [PMID: 29843108 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2018.05.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2018] [Revised: 05/14/2018] [Accepted: 05/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Nifedipine and isradipine are prominent examples of calcium channel blockers with a 1,4-dihydropyridine (DHP) scaffold. Although successfully used in clinics since decades for the treatment of hypertension, the binding mechanism to their target, the L-type voltage-gated calcium channel Cav1.2, is still incompletely understood. Recently, novel DHP derivatives with a condensed ring system have been discovered that show distinct selectivity profiles to different calcium channel subtypes. This property renders this DHP class as a promising tool to achieve selectivity towards distinct calcium channel subtypes. In this study, we identified a common binding mode for prominent DHPs nifedipine and isradipine using docking and pharmacophore analysis that is also able to explain the structure-activity relationship of a small subseries of DHP derivatives with a condensed ring system. These findings were used to guide the synthesis of twenty-two novel DHPs. An extensive characterization using 1H NMR, 13C NMR, mass spectra and elemental analysis was followed by whole cell patch clamp assays for analyzing activity at Cav1.2 and Cav3.2. Two compounds were identified with significant activity against Cav1.2. Additionally, we identified four compounds active against Cav3.2 of which three were selective over Cav1.2. Novel binding modes were analyzed using docking and pharmacophore analysis as well as molecular dynamics simulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Schaller
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Freie Universität Berlin, Königin-Luise-Str. 2+4, Berlin, 14195, Germany
| | - Miyase Gözde Gündüz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University, Sıhhiye, Ankara, 06100, Turkey.
| | - Fang Xiong Zhang
- Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, 3330 Hospital Drive NW, Calgary, T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Gerald W Zamponi
- Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, 3330 Hospital Drive NW, Calgary, T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Gerhard Wolber
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Freie Universität Berlin, Königin-Luise-Str. 2+4, Berlin, 14195, Germany
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Yan YY, Li CY, Zhou L, Ao LY, Fang WR, Li YM. Research progress of mechanisms and drug therapy for neuropathic pain. Life Sci 2017; 190:68-77. [PMID: 28964813 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2017.09.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2017] [Revised: 09/09/2017] [Accepted: 09/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Neuropathic pain is maladaptive pain caused by injury or dysfunction in peripheral and central nervous system, and remains a worldwide thorny problem leading to decreases in physical and mental quality of people's life. Currently, drug therapy is the main treatment regimen for resolving pain, while effective drugs are still unmet in medical need, and commonly used drugs such as anticonvulsants and antidepressants often make patients experience adverse drug reactions like dizziness, somnolence, severe headache, and high blood pressure. Thus, in this review we overview the anatomical physiology, underlying mechanisms of neuropathic pain to provide a better understanding in the initiation, development, maintenance, and modulation of this pervasive disease, and inspire research in the unclear mechanisms as well as potential targets. Furthermore, we summarized the existing drug therapies and new compounds that have shown antalgic effects in laboratory studies to be helpful for rational regimens in clinical treatment and promotion in novel drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Yi Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, PR China
| | - Cheng-Yuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, PR China
| | - Lin Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, PR China
| | - Lu-Yao Ao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, PR China
| | - Wei-Rong Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, PR China.
| | - Yun-Man Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, PR China.
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Gündüz MG, Ragno G, Şimşek R, De Luca M, Şafak C, Grande F, El-Khouly A, İşli F, Yildirim Ş, Öztürk Fincan GS, Ioele G. Synthesis and photodegradation studies of analogues of muscle relaxant 1,4-dihydropyridine compounds. Acta Pharm 2017; 67:341-355. [PMID: 28858832 DOI: 10.1515/acph-2017-0026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
This paper describes the synthesis of 1,4-dihydropyridine compounds (DHPs) endowed with good muscle relaxant activity and stability to light. Six new condensed DHPs were synthesized by the microwave irradiation method. A long-chain ester moiety [2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyl] and various substituents on the phenyl ring were demonstrated to affect the muscle relaxant activity occurring in isolated rabbit gastric fundus smooth muscle strips. Forced photodegradation conditions were applied to the molecules according to the ICH rules. The degradation profile of the drugs was monitored by spectrophotometry coupled with the multivariate curve resolution technique. Formation of the oxidized pyridine derivative was observed for all the studied DHPs, except for one compound, which showed very fast degradation and formation of a second photo-product. Pharmacological tests on the molecules showed a good muscle relaxing effect, with a mechanism similar to that of nifedipine, however, proving to be more stable to light.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miyase Gözde Gündüz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy , Hacettepe University , 06100 , Ankara , Turkey
| | - Gaetano Ragno
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences , University of Calabria , 87036 Rende (CS), Italy
| | - Rahime Şimşek
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy , Hacettepe University , 06100 , Ankara , Turkey
| | - Michele De Luca
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences , University of Calabria , 87036 Rende (CS), Italy
| | - Cihat Şafak
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy , Hacettepe University , 06100 , Ankara , Turkey
| | - Fedora Grande
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences , University of Calabria , 87036 Rende (CS), Italy
| | - Ahmed El-Khouly
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy , Hacettepe University , 06100 , Ankara , Turkey
| | - Fatma İşli
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine , Gazi University , 06560 , Ankara , Turkey
| | - Şeniz Yildirim
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine , Gazi University , 06560 , Ankara , Turkey
| | | | - Giuseppina Ioele
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences , University of Calabria , 87036 Rende (CS), Italy
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Teleb M, Zhang FX, Farghaly AM, Aboul Wafa OM, Fronczek FR, Zamponi GW, Fahmy H. Synthesis of new N3-substituted dihydropyrimidine derivatives as L-/T- type calcium channel blockers. Eur J Med Chem 2017; 134:52-61. [PMID: 28399450 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2017.03.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2016] [Revised: 03/17/2017] [Accepted: 03/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the main cause of deaths worldwide. Up-to-date, hypertension is the most significant contributing factor to CVDs. Recent clinical studies recommend calcium channel blockers (CCBs) as effective treatment alone or in combination with other medications. Being the most clinically useful CCBs, 1,4-dihydropyridines (DHPs) attracted great interest in improving potency and selectivity. However, the short plasma half-life which may be attributed to the metabolic oxidation to the pyridine-counterparts is considered as a major limitation for this class. Among the most efficient modifications of the DHP scaffold, is the introduction of biologically active N3-substituted dihydropyrimidine mimics (DHPMs). Again, some potent DHPMs showed only in vitro activity due to first pass effect through hydrolysis and removal of the N3-substitutions. Herein, the synthesis of new N3-substituted DHPMs with various functionalities linked to the DHPM core via two-carbon spacer to guard against possible metabolic inactivation is described. It was designed to keep close structural similarities to clinically efficient DHPs and the reported lead DHPMs analogues, while attempting to improve the pharmacokinetic properties through better metabolic stability. Applying whole batch clamp technique, five compounds showed promising L- and T- type calcium channel blocking activity and were identified as lead compounds. Structure requirements for selectivity against Cav1.2 as well against Cav3.2 are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Teleb
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD 57007, USA; Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21521, Egypt
| | - Fang-Xiong Zhang
- Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, 3330 Hospital Drive NW, Calgary T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Ahmed M Farghaly
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21521, Egypt
| | - Omaima M Aboul Wafa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21521, Egypt
| | - Frank R Fronczek
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA
| | - Gerald W Zamponi
- Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, 3330 Hospital Drive NW, Calgary T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Hesham Fahmy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD 57007, USA.
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Teleb M, Zhang F, Huang J, Gadotti VM, Farghaly AM, Aboulwafa OM, Zamponi GW, Fahmy H. Synthesis and biological evaluation of novel N3- substituted dihydropyrimidine derivatives as T-type calcium channel blockers and their efficacy as analgesics in mouse models of inflammatory pain. Bioorg Med Chem 2017; 25:1926-38. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2017.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2016] [Revised: 02/02/2017] [Accepted: 02/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Lin S, Yu X, Liu X, Wang B, Li C, Sun Y, Liu X. Expression patterns of T-type Cav3.2 channel and insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor in dorsal root ganglion neurons of mice after sciatic nerve axotomy. Neuroreport 2016; 27:1174-81. [DOI: 10.1097/wnr.0000000000000676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Shiue SJ, Wang CH, Wang TY, Chen YC, Cheng JK. Chronic intrathecal infusion of T-type calcium channel blockers attenuates Ca V3.2 upregulation in nerve-ligated rats. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 54:81-87. [PMID: 27765616 DOI: 10.1016/j.aat.2016.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2016] [Revised: 08/30/2016] [Accepted: 09/01/2016] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE T-type channel (TCC) CaV3.2 plays a pivotal role in pain transmission. In this study, we examined the effects of intrathecal TCC blockers on CaV3.2 expression in a L5/6 spinal nerve ligation (SNL) pain model. The neurotoxicity of TCC blockers were also evaluated. METHODS Male Sprague-Dawley rats (200-250 g) were used for right L5/6 SNL to induce neuropathic pain. Intrathecal infusion of saline or TCC blockers [mibefradil (0.7 μg/h) or ethosuximide (60 μg/h)] was started after surgery for 7 days. Fluorescent immunohistochemistry and Western blotting were used to determine the expression pattern and protein level of CaV3.2. Hematoxylin-eosin and toluidine blue staining were used to evaluate the neurotoxicity of tested agents. RESULTS Seven days after SNL, CaV3.2 protein levels were upregulated in ipsi-lateral L5/6 spinal cord and dorsal root ganglia (DRG) in immunofluorescence and Western blotting studies. Compared with the saline-treated group, rats receiving mibefradil or ethosuximide showed significant lower CaV3.2 expression in the spinal cord and DRG. No obvious histopathologic change in hematoxylin-eosin and toluidine blue staining were observed in all tested groups. CONCLUSION In this study, we demonstrate that SNL-induced CaV3.2 upregulation in the spinal cord and DRG was attenuated by intrathecal infusion of mibefradil or ethosuximide. No obvious neurotoxicity effects were observed in all the tested groups. Our data suggest that continuous intrathecal infusion of TCC blockers may be considered as a promising alternative for the treatment of nerve injury-induced pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Jie Shiue
- Department of Anesthesiology, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Hsu Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Medicine, MacKay Medical College, New Taipei City, Taiwan
| | - Tao-Yeuan Wang
- Department of Medicine, MacKay Medical College, New Taipei City, Taiwan; Department of Pathology, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Chun Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jen-Kun Cheng
- Department of Anesthesiology, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Medicine, MacKay Medical College, New Taipei City, Taiwan.
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Botz B, Bölcskei K, Helyes Z. Challenges to develop novel anti-inflammatory and analgesic drugs. Wiley Interdiscip Rev Nanomed Nanobiotechnol 2016; 9. [PMID: 27576790 DOI: 10.1002/wnan.1427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2016] [Revised: 07/21/2016] [Accepted: 07/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Chronic inflammatory diseases and persistent pain of different origin represent common medical, social, and economic burden, and their pharmacotherapy is still an unresolved issue. Therefore, there is a great and urgent need to develop anti-inflammatory and analgesic agents with novel mechanisms of action, but it is a very challenging task. The main problem is the relatively large translational gap between the preclinical experimental data and the clinical results due to characteristics of the models, difficulties with the investigational techniques particularly for pain, as well as species differences in the mechanisms. We summarize here the current state-of-the-art medication and related ongoing strategies, and the novel targets with lead molecules under clinical development. The first members of the gold-standard categories, such as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, glucocorticoids, and opioids, were introduced decades ago, and since then very few drugs with novel mechanisms of action have been successfully taken to the clinics despite considerable development efforts. Several biologics targeting different key molecules have provided breakthrough in some autoimmune/inflammatory diseases, but they are expensive, only parenterally available, their long-term side effects often limit their administration, and they do not effectively reduce pain. Some kinase inhibitors and phosphodiesterase-4 blockers have recently been introduced as new directions. There are in fact some promising novel approaches at different clinical stages of drug development focusing on transient receptor potential vanilloid 1/ankyrin 1 channel antagonism, inhibition of voltage-gated sodium/calcium channels, several enzymes (kinases, semicarbazide-sensitive amine oxidases, and matrix metalloproteinases), cytokines/chemokines, transcription factors, nerve growth factor, and modulation of several G protein-coupled receptors (cannabinoids, purinoceptors, and neuropeptides). WIREs Nanomed Nanobiotechnol 2017, 9:e1427. doi: 10.1002/wnan.1427 For further resources related to this article, please visit the WIREs website.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bálint Botz
- Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary.,János Szentágothai Research Centre, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Kata Bölcskei
- János Szentágothai Research Centre, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary.,Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Zsuzsanna Helyes
- János Szentágothai Research Centre, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary.,Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary.,MTA-PTE NAP B Chronic Pain Research Group, Faculty of Medicine, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
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Lin S, Yu X, Wang B, Zhang Y, Sun Y, Liu X. Colocalization of insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor and T type Cav3.2 channel in dorsal root ganglia in chronic inflammatory pain mouse model. Neuroreport 2016; 27:737-43. [DOI: 10.1097/wnr.0000000000000607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Garcia-Caballero A, Gadotti VM, Chen L, Zamponi GW. A cell-permeant peptide corresponding to the cUBP domain of USP5 reverses inflammatory and neuropathic pain. Mol Pain 2016; 12:12/0/1744806916642444. [PMID: 27130589 PMCID: PMC4955966 DOI: 10.1177/1744806916642444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2015] [Accepted: 03/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cav3.2 T-type calcium currents in primary afferents are enhanced in various painful pathological conditions, whereas inhibiting Cav3.2 activity or expression offers a strategy for combating the development of pain hypersensitivity. We have shown that Cav3.2 channel surface density is strongly regulated by the ubiquitination machinery and we identified the deubiquitinase USP5 as a Cav3.2 channel interacting protein and regulator of its cell surface expression. We also reported that USP5 is upregulated in chronic pain conditions. Conversely, preventing its binding to the channel in vivo mediates analgesia in inflammatory and neuropathic pain models. Results To identify which USP5 domain is responsible for the interaction, we used a series of USP5-derived peptides corresponding to different regions in nUBP, cUBP, UBA1, and UBA2 domains to outcompete full length USP5. We identified a stretch of amino acid residues within the cUBP domain of USP5 as responsible for binding to Cav3.2 calcium channels. Based on this information, we generated a TAT-cUBP1-USP5 peptide that could disrupt the Cav3.2/USP5 interaction in vitro and tested its physiological effect in well-established models of persistent inflammatory pain (CFA test) and chronic mononeuropathy and polyneuropathy in mice (partial sciatic nerve injury and the (ob/ob) diabetic spontaneous neuropathic mice). Our results reveal that the TAT-cUBP1-USP5 peptide attenuated mechanical hyperalgesia induced by both Complete Freund’s Adjuvant and partial sciatic nerve injury, and thermal hyperalgesia in diabetic neuropathic animals. In contrast, Cav3.2 null mice were not affected by the peptide in the partial sciatic nerve injury model. Cav3.2 calcium channel levels in diabetic mice were reduced following the administration of the TAT-cUBP1-USP5 peptide. Conclusions Our findings reveal a crucial region in the cUBP domain of USP5 that is important for substrate recognition and binding to the III-IV linker of Cav3.2 channels. Targeting the interaction of this region with the Cav3.2 channel can be exploited as the basis for therapeutic intervention into inflammatory and neuropathic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agustin Garcia-Caballero
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Vinicius M Gadotti
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Lina Chen
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Gerald W Zamponi
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
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Pudukulatham Z, Zhang FX, Gadotti VM, M'Dahoma S, Swami P, Tamboli Y, Zamponi GW. Synthesis and characterization of a disubstituted piperazine derivative with T-type channel blocking action and analgesic properties. Mol Pain 2016; 12:12/0/1744806916641678. [PMID: 27053601 PMCID: PMC4956396 DOI: 10.1177/1744806916641678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2015] [Accepted: 01/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background T-type calcium channels are important contributors to signaling in the primary afferent pain pathway and are thus important targets for the development of analgesics. It has been previously reported that certain piperazine-based compounds such as flunarizine are able to inhibit T-type calcium channels. Thus, we hypothesized that novel piperazine compounds could potentially act as analgesics. Results Here, we have created a series of 14 compound derivatives around a diphenyl methyl-piperazine core pharmacophore. Testing their effects on transiently expressed Cav3.2 calcium channels revealed one derivative (3-((4-(bis(4-fluorophenyl)methyl)piperazin-1-yl)methyl)-4-(2-methoxyphenyl)-1,2,5-oxadiazole 2-oxide, compound 10e) as a potent blocker. 10e mediate tonic block of these channels with an IC50 of around 4 micromolar. 10e also blocked Cav3.1 and Cav3.3 channels, but only weakly affected high-voltage-activated Cav1.2 and Cav2.2 channels. Intrathecal delivery of 10e mediated relief from formalin and complete Freund’s adjuvant induced inflammatory pain that was ablated by genetic knockout of Cav3.2 channels. Conclusions Altogether, our data identify a novel T-type calcium channel blocker with tight structure activity relationship (SAR) and relevant in vivo efficacy in inflammatory pain conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Fang-Xiong Zhang
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Vinicius M Gadotti
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Said M'Dahoma
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Prabhuling Swami
- School of Chemical Sciences, SRTM University, Nanded, Maharashtra, India
| | - Yasinalli Tamboli
- School of Chemical Sciences, SRTM University, Nanded, Maharashtra, India
| | - Gerald W Zamponi
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
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M'Dahoma S, Gadotti VM, Zhang FX, Park B, Nam JH, Onnis V, Balboni G, Lee JY, Zamponi GW. Effect of the T-type channel blocker KYS-05090S in mouse models of acute and neuropathic pain. Pflugers Arch 2016; 468:193-9. [PMID: 26354962 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-015-1733-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2015] [Revised: 08/29/2015] [Accepted: 09/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
T-type channels are important contributors to the initiation and the maintenance of chronic pain states. Blocking T-type channels is therefore a possible therapeutic strategy for relieving pain. Here, we report the Cav3.2 T-type channel blocking action of a previously reported small organic molecule, KYS-05090S. This compound was able to reduce transiently expressed Cav3.2 currents with low micromolar affinity and mediated a hyperpolarizing shift in half-inactivation potential. KYS-05090S was then tested in models of acute and neuropathic pain. KYS-05090S (10 μg/10 μl delivered intrathecally) significantly reduced acute pain induced by formalin in both the tonic and inflammatory phases. Its antinociceptive effect was not observed when delivered to Cav3.2 null-mice revealing a Cav3.2-dependent mechanism. KYS-05090S also reduced neuropathic pain in a model of partial sciatic nerve injury. Those results indicate that KYS-05090S mediates a potent analgesic effect in inflammatory and neuropathic pain through T-type channel modulation, suggesting that its scaffold could be explored as a new class of analgesic compounds.
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Gadotti VM, Bladen C, Zhang FX, Chen L, Gündüz MG, Şimşek R, Şafak C, Zamponi GW. Analgesic effect of a broad-spectrum dihydropyridine inhibitor of voltage-gated calcium channels. Pflugers Arch 2015; 467:2485-93. [PMID: 26286466 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-015-1725-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2015] [Revised: 07/20/2015] [Accepted: 07/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Voltage-activated calcium channels are important facilitators of nociceptive transmission in the primary afferent pathway. Consequently, molecules that block these channels are of potential use as pain therapeutics. Our group has recently reported on the identification of a novel class of dihydropyridines (DHPs) that included compounds with preferential selectivity for T-type over L-type channels. Among those compounds, M4 was found to be an equipotent inhibitor of both Cav1.2 L- and Cav3.2 T-type calcium channels. Here, we have further characterized the effects of this compound on other types of calcium channels and examined its analgesic effect when delivered either spinally (i.t.) or systemically (i.p.) to mice. Both delivery routes resulted in antinociception in a model of acute pain. Furthermore, M4 was able to reverse mechanical hyperalgesia produced by nerve injury when delivered intrathecally. M4 retained partial activity when delivered to Cav3.2 null mice, indicating that this compound acts on multiple targets. Additional whole-cell patch clamp experiments in transfected tsA-201 cells revealed that M4 also effectively blocks Cav3.3 (T-type) and Cav2.2 (N-type) currents. Altogether, our data indicate that broad-spectrum inhibition of multiple calcium channel subtypes can lead to potent analgesia in rodents.
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Gadotti VM, Caballero AG, Berger ND, Gladding CM, Chen L, Pfeifer TA, Zamponi GW. Small organic molecule disruptors of Cav3.2 - USP5 interactions reverse inflammatory and neuropathic pain. Mol Pain 2015; 11:12. [PMID: 25889575 PMCID: PMC4364099 DOI: 10.1186/s12990-015-0011-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2015] [Accepted: 03/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cav3.2 channels facilitate nociceptive transmission and are upregulated in DRG neurons in response to nerve injury or peripheral inflammation. We reported that this enhancement of Cav3.2 currents in afferent neurons is mediated by deubiquitination of the channels by the deubiquitinase USP5, and that disrupting USP5/Cav3.2 channel interactions protected from inflammatory and neuropathic pain. RESULTS Here we describe the development of a small molecule screening assay for USP5-Cav3.2 disruptors, and report on two hits of a ~5000 compound screen - suramin and the flavonoid gossypetin. In mouse models of inflammatory pain and neuropathic pain, both suramin and gossypetin produced dose-dependent and long-lasting mechanical anti-hyperalgesia that was abolished or greatly attenuated in Cav3.2 null mice. Suramin and Cav3.2/USP5 Tat-disruptor peptides were also tested in models of diabetic neuropathy and visceral pain, and provided remarkable protection. CONCLUSIONS Overall, our findings provide proof of concept for a new class of analgesics that target T-type channel deubiquitination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinicius M Gadotti
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, 3330 Hospital Drive, NW, Calgary, T2N 4N1, Canada.
| | - Agustin Garcia Caballero
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, 3330 Hospital Drive, NW, Calgary, T2N 4N1, Canada.
| | - N Daniel Berger
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, 3330 Hospital Drive, NW, Calgary, T2N 4N1, Canada.
| | - Clare M Gladding
- Centre for Drug Research and Development, 2405 Wesbrook Mall - 4th Floor, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada.
| | - Lina Chen
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, 3330 Hospital Drive, NW, Calgary, T2N 4N1, Canada.
| | - Tom A Pfeifer
- Centre for Drug Research and Development, 2405 Wesbrook Mall - 4th Floor, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z3, Canada.
| | - Gerald W Zamponi
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, 3330 Hospital Drive, NW, Calgary, T2N 4N1, Canada.
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Abstract
Pacemaker activity of automatic cardiac myocytes controls the heartbeat in everyday life. Cardiac automaticity is under the control of several neurotransmitters and hormones and is constantly regulated by the autonomic nervous system to match the physiological needs of the organism. Several classes of ion channels and proteins involved in intracellular Ca(2+) dynamics contribute to pacemaker activity. The functional role of voltage-gated calcium channels (VGCCs) in heart automaticity and impulse conduction has been matter of debate for 30 years. However, growing evidence shows that VGCCs are important regulators of the pacemaker mechanisms and play also a major role in atrio-ventricular impulse conduction. Incidentally, studies performed in genetically modified mice lacking L-type Cav1.3 (Cav1.3(-/-)) or T-type Cav3.1 (Cav3.1(-/-)) channels show that genetic inactivation of these channels strongly impacts pacemaking. In cardiac pacemaker cells, VGCCs activate at negative voltages at the beginning of the diastolic depolarization and importantly contribute to this phase by supplying inward current. Loss-of-function of these channels also impairs atrio-ventricular conduction. Furthermore, inactivation of Cav1.3 channels promotes also atrial fibrillation and flutter in knockout mice suggesting that these channels can play a role in stabilizing atrial rhythm. Genomic analysis demonstrated that Cav1.3 and Cav3.1 channels are widely expressed in pacemaker tissue of mice, rabbits and humans. Importantly, human diseases of pacemaker activity such as congenital bradycardia and heart block have been attributed to loss-of-function of Cav1.3 and Cav3.1 channels. In this article, we will review the current knowledge on the role of VGCCs in the generation and regulation of heart rate and rhythm. We will discuss also how loss of Ca(2+) entry through VGCCs could influence intracellular Ca(2+) handling and promote atrial arrhythmias.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pietro Mesirca
- Laboratory of Excellence in Ion Channel Science and Therapeutics, Département de Physiologie, Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle Montpellier, France ; UMR-5203, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Universités de Montpellier 1 and 2 Montpellier, France ; INSERM U 1191, Département de Physiologie, Universités de Montpellier 1 and 2 Montpellier, France
| | - Angelo G Torrente
- Laboratory of Excellence in Ion Channel Science and Therapeutics, Département de Physiologie, Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle Montpellier, France ; UMR-5203, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Universités de Montpellier 1 and 2 Montpellier, France ; INSERM U 1191, Département de Physiologie, Universités de Montpellier 1 and 2 Montpellier, France
| | - Matteo E Mangoni
- Laboratory of Excellence in Ion Channel Science and Therapeutics, Département de Physiologie, Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle Montpellier, France ; UMR-5203, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Universités de Montpellier 1 and 2 Montpellier, France ; INSERM U 1191, Département de Physiologie, Universités de Montpellier 1 and 2 Montpellier, France
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