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Liu S, Li X, Zhu J, Jin Y, Xia C, Zheng B, Silvestri C, Cui F. Modern Technologies Provide New Opportunities for Somatic Hybridization in the Breeding of Woody Plants. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:2539. [PMID: 39339514 PMCID: PMC11434877 DOI: 10.3390/plants13182539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2024] [Revised: 08/25/2024] [Accepted: 09/03/2024] [Indexed: 09/30/2024]
Abstract
Advances in cell fusion technology have propelled breeding into the realm of somatic hybridization, enabling the transfer of genetic material independent of sexual reproduction. This has facilitated genome recombination both within and between species. Despite its use in plant breeding for over fifty years, somatic hybridization has been limited by cumbersome procedures, such as protoplast isolation, hybridized-cell selection and cultivation, and regeneration, particularly in woody perennial species that are difficult to regenerate. This review summarizes the development of somatic hybridization, explores the challenges and solutions associated with cell fusion technology in woody perennials, and outlines the process of protoplast regeneration. Recent advancements in genome editing and plant cell regeneration present new opportunities for applying somatic hybridization in breeding. We offer a perspective on integrating these emerging technologies to enhance somatic hybridization in woody perennial plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuping Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Xiaojie Li
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Jiani Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Yihong Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Chuizheng Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Bingsong Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
| | - Cristian Silvestri
- Department of Agriculture and Forest Sciences (DAFNE), University of Tuscia, Via San Camillo De Lellis, s.n.c., 01100 Viterbo, Italy
| | - Fuqiang Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
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Hatami Maleki H, Mohammadi R, Firouzkuhi F, Darvishzadeh R, Zeinalzadeh-Tabrizi H. Molecular evidence depicts genetic divergence among Agropyron elongatum and A. cristatum accessions from gene pool of Iran. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0294694. [PMID: 38033138 PMCID: PMC10688953 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0294694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The genus Agropyron has an important role in soil protection and forage production in rangelands. The investigation utilized 37 ISSR primers, resulting in the detection of 956 loci within the A. elongatum genome and 705 loci within the A. cristatum genome. The findings revealed a high level of polymorphism, with 97% of loci in A. elongatum and 84% of loci in A. cristatum exhibiting variability. Notably, the primer (AC)8GCT emerged as a promising candidate for evaluating genetic diversity due to its ability to amplify numerous loci in both species. Using both the UPGMA algorithm and Bayesian analysis, the examined Agropyron accessions were categorized into two subgroups based on their respective species. The Q values associated with these subgroups suggested that certain accessions, namely "G16," "G19," "G20," "G21," "G22," "G23," "G24," and "G25," displayed potential admixture genomes. An analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) underscored the significance of within-species variability, which accounted for 69% of the overall diversity, compared to between-species variability at 31%. Various genetic diversity parameters, including Na, Ne, I, He, and the number of private loci, were found to be higher in A. elongatum when compared to A. cristatum. Furthermore, Jaccard similarity coefficients ranged from 0.33 to 0.66 in A. cristatum and from 0.25 to 0.7 in A. elongatum, indicating the extent of genetic relatedness among these species. Intriguingly, the study identified two and three heterotic groups in A. cristatum and A. elongatum, respectively, which could be harnessed in the development of synthetic varieties to exploit heterosis. The results also indicated that a small proportion of ISSR loci pairs (5.2% in A. elongatum and 0.5% in A. cristatum) exhibited significant levels of linkage disequilibrium (LD) (P≤0.05), suggesting the potential utility of LD-based association mapping in Agropyron species. In conclusion, this research sheds light on the genetic diversity of Agropyron species and provides valuable insights into their potential applications in soil protection and forage production, as well as the prospects for enhancing genetic variability and heterosis in these species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamid Hatami Maleki
- Department of Plant Production and Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Maragheh, Maragheh, Iran
| | - Reza Mohammadi
- Branch for Northwest & West Region, Agricultural Biotechnology Research Institute of Iran (ABRII), Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tabriz, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Firouzkuhi
- Department of Plant Production and Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Maragheh, Maragheh, Iran
| | - Reza Darvishzadeh
- Department of Plant Production and Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
| | - Hossein Zeinalzadeh-Tabrizi
- Department of Horticulture and Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Kyrgyz-Turkish Manas University, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan
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3
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Li Y, Li Q, Hu Q, Guzman C, Lin N, Xu Q, Zhang Y, Lan J, Tang H, Qi P, Deng M, Ma J, Wang J, Chen G, Lan X, Wei Y, Zheng Y, Jiang Q. Aegilops sharonensis HMW-GSs with unusually large molecular weight improves bread-making quality in wheat-Ae. sharonensis introgression lines. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2023; 103:1668-1675. [PMID: 36541584 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.12389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Revised: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Eighteen wheat (Triticum aestivum-Aegilops sharonensis) introgression lines were generated in the previous study. These lines possessed four types of high molecular weight glutenin subunit (HMW-GS) combinations consisting of one glutenin from Ae. sharonensis (Glu-1Ssh ) plus one or more HMW-GSs from common wheat (Glu-A1, Glu-B1, or Glu-D1). RESULTS In this study, we conducted quality tests to explore the effects of 1Ssh x2.3 and 1Ssh y2.9 on the processing quality of 18 wheat-Aegilops sharonensis introgression lines. Our data showed that the 1Ssh x2.3 and 1Ssh y2.9 subunits had a positive effect on gluten and baking quality. The bread volume of all these lines was higher than that of the parental wheat line LM3. In these lines, the HMW-GS content and the HMW/LMW ratio of 66-36-11 were higher than those of LM3, and the 66-36-11 line exhibited greatly improved quality parameters in comparison with the parent LM3. CONCLUSION These results demonstrated that the 1Ssh x2.3 and 1Ssh y2.9 subunits from Ae. sharonensis contributed immensely to gluten strength and bread-baking quality, and proved a positive relationship between the HMW-GS sizes and their effects on dough strength in vivo. The materials developed could be used by breeding programs aiming to increase bread-making quality. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qian Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Carlos Guzman
- Departamento de Genética, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Agronómica y de Montes, Edificio Gregor Mendel, Campus de Rabanales, Universidad de Córdoba, Cordoba, Spain
| | - Na Lin
- College of Sichuan Tea, Yibin University, Yibin, China
| | - Qiang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yazhou Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jingyu Lan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Huaping Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Pengfei Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Mei Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jian Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jirui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Guoyue Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiujin Lan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuming Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Youliang Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qiantao Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
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4
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Li X, Li Y, Karim H, Li Y, Zhong X, Tang H, Qi P, Ma J, Wang J, Chen G, Pu Z, Li W, Tang Z, Lan X, Deng M, Li Z, Harwood W, Wei Y, Zheng Y, Jiang Q. The production of wheat - Aegilops sharonensis 1S sh chromosome substitution lines harboring alien novel high-molecular-weight glutenin subunits. Genome 2019; 63:155-167. [PMID: 31846356 DOI: 10.1139/gen-2019-0106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
In our previous work, a novel high-molecular-weight glutenin subunit (HMW-GS) with an extremely large molecular weight from Aegilops sharonensis was identified that may contribute to excellent wheat (Triticum aestivum) processing quality and increased dough strength, and we further generated HMW-GS homozygous lines by crossing. In this study, we crossed the HMW-GS homozygous line 66-17-52 with 'Chinese Spring' Ph1 mutant CS ph1b to induce chromosome recombination between wheat and Ae. sharonensis. SDS-PAGE was used to identify 19 derived F2 lines with the HMW-GSs of Ae sharonensis. The results of non-denaturing fluorescence in situ hybridization (ND-FISH) indicated that lines 6-1 and 6-7 possessed a substitution of both 5D chromosomes by a pair of 1Ssh chromosomes. Further verification by newly developed 1Ssh-specific chromosome markers showed that these two lines amplified the expected fragment. Thus, it was concluded that lines 6-1 and 6-7 are 1Ssh(5D) chromosome substitution lines. The 1Ssh(5D) chromosome substitution lines, possessing alien subunits with satisfactory quality-associated structural features of large repetitive domains and increased number of subunits, may have great potential in strengthening the viscosity and elasticity of dough made from wheat flour. Therefore, these substitution lines can be used for wheat quality improvement and further production of 1Ssh translocation lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China.,Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China
| | - Yu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China.,Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China
| | - Hassan Karim
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China.,Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China
| | - Yue Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China.,Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China
| | - Xiaojuan Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China.,Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China
| | - Huaping Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China.,Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China
| | - Pengfei Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China.,Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China
| | - Jian Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China.,Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China
| | - Jirui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China.,Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China
| | - Guoyue Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China.,Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China
| | - Zhien Pu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China
| | - Wei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China
| | - Zongxiang Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China
| | - Xiujin Lan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China.,Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China
| | - Mei Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China.,Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China
| | - Zhongyi Li
- CSIRO Agriculture and Food, Black Mountain, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
| | - Wendy Harwood
- John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7UH, United Kingdom
| | - Yuming Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China.,Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China
| | - Youliang Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China.,Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China
| | - Qiantao Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China.,Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, 611130, China
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5
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Lombardo L, Grando MS. Genetically Modified Plants for Nutritionally Improved Food: A Promise Kept? FOOD REVIEWS INTERNATIONAL 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/87559129.2019.1613664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Luca Lombardo
- Center Agriculture Food Environment (C3A), University of Trento, Trento, Italy
- Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele all’Adige, Italy
| | - Maria Stella Grando
- Center Agriculture Food Environment (C3A), University of Trento, Trento, Italy
- Research and Innovation Centre, Fondazione Edmund Mach, San Michele all’Adige, Italy
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Jiang QT, Zhang XW, Ma J, Wei L, Zhao S, Zhao QZ, Qi PF, Lu ZX, Zheng YL, Wei YM. Characterization of high-molecular-weight glutenin subunits from Eremopyrum bonaepartis and identification of a novel variant with unusual high molecular weight and altered cysteine residues. PLANTA 2014; 239:865-875. [PMID: 24395202 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-013-2021-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2013] [Accepted: 12/09/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
We characterized two high-molecular-weight glutenin subunit (HMW-GS) variants from Eremopyrum bonaepartis, determined their complete open reading frames, and further expressed them in a bacterial system. The variants have many novel structural features compared with typical subunits encoded by Glu-1 loci: 1Fx3.7 and 1Fy1.5 exhibit hybrid properties of x- and y-type subunits. In addition, unusual molecular mass and altered number and distribution of cysteine residues were unique features of HMW-GSs encoded by Glu-F1 from E. bonaepartis. The mature 1Fx3.7 subunit has a full length of 1,223 amino acid residues, making it the largest subunit found thus far, while 1Fy1.5 is just 496 residues. In addition, the mutated PGQQ repeat motif was found in the repetitive region of 1Fx3.7. Although it has a similar molecular mass to that previously reported for 1Dx2.2, 1Dx2.2* and 1S(sh)x2.9 subunits, 1Fx3.7 appears to have had a different evolutionary history. The N-terminal and repetitive regions have a total of four additional cysteine residues, giving 1Fx3.7 a total of eight cysteines, while 1Fy1.5 has only six cysteines because the GHCPTSPQQ nonapeptide at the end of the repetitive region is deleted. With its extra cysteine residues and the longest repetitive region, features that are relevant to good wheat quality, the 1Fx3.7 subunit gene could be an excellent candidate for applications in wheat quality improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian-Tao Jiang
- Triticeae Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, Sichuan, China
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7
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Li C, Cheng A, Wang M, Xia G. Fertile introgression products generated via somatic hybridization between wheat and Thinopyrum intermedium. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2014; 33:633-41. [PMID: 24384822 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-013-1553-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2013] [Accepted: 12/12/2013] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Fertile hybrids were produced with genetic material transferred from Th. intermedium into a wheat background and supply a source of genetic variation to wheat improvement. Both symmetric and asymmetric somatic hybrids have been obtained from the combination of wheatgrass (Thinopyrum intermedium) and bread wheat (Triticum aestivum). Two wheat protoplast populations, one derived from embryogenic calli and the other from a non-regenerable, rapidly dividing cell line, were fused with Th. intermedium protoplasts which had been (or not been) pre-irradiated with UV. Among the 124 regenerated calli, 64 could be categorized as being of hybrid origin on the basis of plant morphology, peroxidase isozyme, RAPD DNA profiling and karyological analysis. Numerous green plantlets were regenerated from 13 calli recovered from either the symmetric hybrid (no UV pre-treatment) or the asymmetric one (30 s UV irradiation). One of these hybrid plants proved to be vigorous and self-fertile. The regenerants were all closer in phenotype to wheat than to Th. intermedium. Genomic in situ hybridization analysis showed that the chromosomes in the hybrids were largely intact wheat ones, although a few Th. intermedium chromosome fragments had been incorporated within them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuiling Li
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Cell Engineering and Germplasm Innovation, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, People's Republic of China
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8
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Liu S, Xia G. The place of asymmetric somatic hybridization in wheat breeding. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2014; 33:595-603. [PMID: 24370665 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-013-1552-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2013] [Revised: 12/04/2013] [Accepted: 12/10/2013] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Since its first development some 40 years ago, the application of the somatic hybridization technique has generated a body of hybrid plant material involving a wide combination of parental species. Until the late 1990s, the technique was ineffective in wheat, as regeneration from protoplasts was proving difficult to achieve. Since this time, however, a successful somatic hybridization protocol for wheat has been established and used to generate a substantial number of both symmetric and asymmetric somatic hybrids and derived materials, especially involving the parental combination bread wheat and tall wheatgrass (Thinopyrum ponticum). This review describes the current state of the art for somatic hybridization in wheat and focuses on its potential application for wheat improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuwei Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Cell Engineering and Germplasm Innovation, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, 250100, China
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9
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Eeckhaut T, Lakshmanan PS, Deryckere D, Van Bockstaele E, Van Huylenbroeck J. Progress in plant protoplast research. PLANTA 2013; 238:991-1003. [PMID: 23955146 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-013-1936-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2013] [Accepted: 07/18/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
In this review we focus on recent progress in protoplast regeneration, symmetric and asymmetric hybridization and novel technology developments. Regeneration of new species and improved culture techniques opened new horizons for practical breeding in a number of crops. The importance of protoplast sources and embedding systems is discussed. The study of reactive oxygen species effects and DNA (de)condensation, along with thorough phytohormone monitoring, are in our opinion the most promising research topics in the further strive for rationalization of protoplast regeneration. Following, fusion and fragmentation progress is summarized. Genomic, transcriptomic and proteomic studies have led to better insights in fundamental processes such as cell wall formation, cell development and chromosome rearrangements in fusion products, whether or not obtained after irradiation. Advanced molecular screening methods of both genome and cytoplasmome facilitate efficient screening of both symmetric and asymmetric fusion products. We expect that emerging technologies as GISH, high resolution melting and next generation sequencing will pay major contributions to our insights of genome creation and stabilization, mainly after asymmetric hybridization. Finally, we demonstrate agricultural valorization of somatic hybridization through enumerating recent introgression of diverse traits in a number of commercial crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tom Eeckhaut
- Institute for Agricultural and Fisheries Research (ILVO), Plant Sciences Unit, Applied Genetics and Breeding, Caritasstraat 21, 9090, Melle, Belgium.
| | - Prabhu Shankar Lakshmanan
- Institute for Agricultural and Fisheries Research (ILVO), Plant Sciences Unit, Applied Genetics and Breeding, Caritasstraat 21, 9090, Melle, Belgium
- Department of Plant Production, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure links 653, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Dieter Deryckere
- Institute for Agricultural and Fisheries Research (ILVO), Plant Sciences Unit, Applied Genetics and Breeding, Caritasstraat 21, 9090, Melle, Belgium
| | - Erik Van Bockstaele
- Institute for Agricultural and Fisheries Research (ILVO), Plant Sciences Unit, Applied Genetics and Breeding, Caritasstraat 21, 9090, Melle, Belgium
- Department of Plant Production, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure links 653, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Johan Van Huylenbroeck
- Institute for Agricultural and Fisheries Research (ILVO), Plant Sciences Unit, Applied Genetics and Breeding, Caritasstraat 21, 9090, Melle, Belgium
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10
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Yu Y, Ye W, He L, Cai X, Liu T, Liu J. Introgression of bacterial wilt resistance from eggplant to potato via protoplast fusion and genome components of the hybrids. PLANT CELL REPORTS 2013; 32:1687-1701. [PMID: 23912850 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-013-1480-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2013] [Revised: 07/12/2013] [Accepted: 07/12/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE Bacterial wilt resistant somatic hybrids were obtained via protoplast fusion between potato and eggplant and three types of nuclear genomes were identified in the hybrids through GISH and SSR analysis. ABSTRACT Cultivated potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) lacks resistance to bacterial wilt caused by Ralstonia solanacearum. Interspecific symmetric protoplast fusion was conducted to transfer bacterial wilt resistance from eggplant (S. melongena, 2n = 2x = 24) into dihaploid potato (2n = 2x = 24). In total, 34 somatic hybrids were obtained, and of these, 11 rooted and were tested for genome components and resistance to race 1 of R. solanacearum. The hybrids exhibited multiple ploidy levels and contained the dominant nuclear genome from the potato parent. Three types of nuclear genomes were identified in the hybrids through genomic in situ hybridization (GISH) and simple sequence repeat (SSR) analysis, including (1) the potato type of the tetraploids in which eggplant chromosomes could not be detected by GISH but their nuclear DNA was confirmed by SSR, (2) the biased type of the hexaploids in which the chromosome dosage was 2 potato:1 eggplant, and (3) the chromosome translocation type of the mixoploids and aneuploids that was characterized by various rates of translocations of nonhomologous chromosomes. Cytoplasmic genome analysis revealed that mitochondrial DNA of both parents coexisted and/or recombined in most of the hybrids. However, only potato chloroplast DNA was retained in the hybrids speculating a compatibility between cpDNA and nuclear genome of the cell. The pathogen inoculation assay suggested a successful transfer of bacterial wilt resistance from eggplant to the hybrids that provides potential resistance for potato breeding against bacterial wilt. The genome components characterized in present research may explain partially the inheritance behavior of the hybrids which is informative for potato improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Yu
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology (HAU), Ministry of Education, National Centre for Vegetable Improvement (Central China), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, China
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Gao X, Liu SW, Sun Q, Xia GM. High frequency of HMW-GS sequence variation through somatic hybridization between Agropyron elongatum and common wheat. PLANTA 2010; 231:245-250. [PMID: 19902245 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-009-1040-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2009] [Accepted: 10/13/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
A symmetric somatic hybridization was performed to combine the protoplasts of tall wheatgrass (Agropyron elongatum) and bread wheat (Triticum aestivum). Fertile regenerants were obtained which were morphologically similar to tall wheatgrass, but which contained some introgression segments from wheat. An SDS-PAGE analysis showed that a number of non-parental high-molecular weight glutenin subunits (HMW-GS) were present in the symmetric somatic hybridization derivatives. These sequences were amplified, cloned and sequenced, to deliver 14 distinct HMW-GS coding sequences, eight of which were of the y-type (Hy1-Hy8) and six x-type (Hx1-Hx6). Five of the cloned HMW-GS sequences were successfully expressed in E. coli. The analysis of their deduced peptide sequences showed that they all possessed the typical HMW-GS primary structure. Sequence alignments indicated that Hx5 and Hy1 were probably derived from the tall wheatgrass genes Aex5 and Aey6, while Hy2, Hy3, Hx1 and Hy6 may have resulted from slippage in the replication of a related biparental gene. We found that both symmetric and asymmetric somatic hybridization could promote the emergence of novel alleles. We discussed the origination of allelic variation of HMW-GS genes in somatic hybridization, which might be the result from the response to genomic shock triggered by the merger and interaction of biparent genomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Gao
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Cell Engineering and Germplasm Innovation, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Shandong University, 250100 Jinan, People's Republic of China
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Xia G. Progress of chromosome engineering mediated by asymmetric somatic hybridization. J Genet Genomics 2009; 36:547-56. [PMID: 19782956 DOI: 10.1016/s1673-8527(08)60146-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2009] [Revised: 06/02/2009] [Accepted: 07/15/2009] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Plant somatic hybridization has progressed steadily over the past 35 years. Many hybrid plants have been generated from fusion combinations of different phylogenetic species, some of which have been utilized in crop breeding programs. Among them, asymmetric hybrid, which usually contains a fraction of alien genome, has received more attention because of its importance in crop improvement. However, few studies have dealt with the heredity of the genome of somatic hybrid for a long time, which has limited the progress of this approach. Over recent ten years, along with the development of an effective cytogenetical tool "in situ hybridization (ISH)", asymmetric fusion of common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) with different grasses or cereals has been greatly developed. Genetics, genomes, functional genes and agricultural traits of wheat asymmetric hybrids have been subject to systematic investigations using gene cloning, genomic in situ hybridization (GISH) and molecular makers. The future goal is to fully elucidate the functional relationships among improved agronomic traits, the genes and underlying molecular mechanisms, and the genome dynamics of somatic introgression lines. This will accelerate the development of elite germplasms via somatic hybridization and the application of these materials in the molecular improvement of crop plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangmin Xia
- Key Laboratory of Plant Cell Engineering and Germplasm Innovation of Education Ministry, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China.
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Li L, Xu X, Jin W, Chen S. Morphological and molecular evidences for DNA introgression in haploid induction via a high oil inducer CAUHOI in maize. PLANTA 2009; 230:367-76. [PMID: 19466451 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-009-0943-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2009] [Accepted: 04/27/2009] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
The phenomenon of maternal haploid induction in maize was first described many years ago, but the underlying mechanism is still unclear. In this study, the Stock-6-derived, haploid-inducing line CAUHOI with high kernel oil content (KOC), was used as the pollinator to produce maternal haploids from the maize hybrid ZD958 with low KOC. CAUHOI is homozygous for the dominant marker gene R1-nj. Haploids were identified by morphological and cytological investigations. The frequency of haploid induction from this cross was 2.21%. Unexpectedly, many haploid kernels had weakly pigmented purple color on the embryo, and some haploid kernels had high KOC. Simple sequence repeat (SSR) analysis showed that 43.18% of the haploids carried segments from CAUHOI, and a small proportion (average 1.84%) of the genome of CAUHOI was introgressed into haploids. Haploid kernels with high KOC had a higher frequency of segment introgression from CAUHOI (2.92%) than that in haploid kernels with low KOC (1.79%), showing that the marker gene R1-nj and high-oil genes from CAUHOI were expressed during the development of some haploid embryos, and confirmed that the DNA introgression from the inducer parent occurred during maternal haploid induction. Together, these results suggested that the chromosome elimination was probably responsible for haploid induction in maize, and late somatic elimination might occur. Several possible mechanisms underlying haploid formation are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Li
- National Maize Improvement Center of China, China Agricultural University, Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian District, 100193, Beijing, China.
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