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Williaume G, de Buyl S, Sirour C, Haupaix N, Bettoni R, Imai KS, Satou Y, Dupont G, Hudson C, Yasuo H. Cell geometry, signal dampening, and a bimodal transcriptional response underlie the spatial precision of an ERK-mediated embryonic induction. Dev Cell 2021; 56:2966-2979.e10. [PMID: 34672970 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2021.09.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Revised: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Precise control of lineage segregation is critical for the development of multicellular organisms, but our quantitative understanding of how variable signaling inputs are integrated to activate lineage-specific gene programs remains limited. Here, we show how precisely two out of eight ectoderm cells adopt neural fates in response to ephrin and FGF signals during ascidian neural induction. In each ectoderm cell, FGF signals activate ERK to a level that mirrors its cell contact surface with FGF-expressing mesendoderm cells. This gradual interpretation of FGF inputs is followed by a bimodal transcriptional response of the immediate early gene, Otx, resulting in its activation specifically in the neural precursors. At low levels of ERK, Otx is repressed by an ETS family transcriptional repressor, ERF2. Ephrin signals are critical for dampening ERK activation levels across ectoderm cells so that only neural precursors exhibit above-threshold levels, evade ERF repression, and "switch on" Otx transcription.
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Affiliation(s)
- Géraldine Williaume
- Laboratoire de Biologie du Développement de Villefranche-sur-Mer, Institut de la Mer de Villefranche-sur-Mer, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, 06230 Villefranche-sur-Mer, France
| | - Sophie de Buyl
- Applied Physics Research Group, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium; Interuniversity Institute of Bioinformatics in Brussels, ULB-VUB, La Plaine Campus, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Cathy Sirour
- Laboratoire de Biologie du Développement de Villefranche-sur-Mer, Institut de la Mer de Villefranche-sur-Mer, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, 06230 Villefranche-sur-Mer, France
| | - Nicolas Haupaix
- Laboratoire de Biologie du Développement de Villefranche-sur-Mer, Institut de la Mer de Villefranche-sur-Mer, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, 06230 Villefranche-sur-Mer, France
| | - Rossana Bettoni
- Applied Physics Research Group, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium; Interuniversity Institute of Bioinformatics in Brussels, ULB-VUB, La Plaine Campus, 1050 Brussels, Belgium; Unité de Chronobiologie Théorique, Faculté des Sciences, CP231, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Boulevard du Triomphe, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Kaoru S Imai
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
| | - Yutaka Satou
- Department of Zoology, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Sakyo, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - Geneviève Dupont
- Unité de Chronobiologie Théorique, Faculté des Sciences, CP231, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Boulevard du Triomphe, 1050 Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Clare Hudson
- Laboratoire de Biologie du Développement de Villefranche-sur-Mer, Institut de la Mer de Villefranche-sur-Mer, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, 06230 Villefranche-sur-Mer, France.
| | - Hitoyoshi Yasuo
- Laboratoire de Biologie du Développement de Villefranche-sur-Mer, Institut de la Mer de Villefranche-sur-Mer, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, 06230 Villefranche-sur-Mer, France.
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Nishida H, Stach T. Cell Lineages and Fate Maps in Tunicates: Conservation and Modification. Zoolog Sci 2014; 31:645-52. [DOI: 10.2108/zs140117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Nishida
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
| | - Thomas Stach
- lnstitute of Biology, Comparative Zoology, Humboldt-Unlversity Berlin, 10115 Berlin, Germany
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Ohtsuka Y, Matsumoto J, Katsuyama Y, Okamura Y. Nodal signaling regulates specification of ascidian peripheral neurons through control of the BMP signal. Development 2014; 141:3889-99. [PMID: 25231764 DOI: 10.1242/dev.110213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The neural crest and neurogenic placodes are thought to be a vertebrate innovation that gives rise to much of the peripheral nervous system (PNS). Despite their importance for understanding chordate evolution and vertebrate origins, little is known about the evolutionary origin of these structures. Here, we investigated the mechanisms underlying the development of ascidian trunk epidermal sensory neurons (ESNs), which are thought to function as mechanosensory neurons in the rostral-dorsal trunk epidermis. We found that trunk ESNs are derived from the anterior and lateral neural plate border, as is the case in the vertebrate PNS. Pharmacological experiments indicated that intermediate levels of bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signal induce formation of ESNs from anterior ectodermal cells. Gene knockdown experiments demonstrated that HrBMPa (60A-subclass BMP) and HrBMPb (dpp-subclass BMP) act to induce trunk ESNs at the tailbud stage and that anterior trunk ESN specification requires Chordin-mediated antagonism of the BMP signal, but posterior trunk ESN specification does not. We also found that Nodal functions as a neural plate border inducer in ascidians. Nodal signaling regulates expression of HrBMPs and HrChordin in the lateral neural plate, and consequently specifies trunk ESNs. Collectively, these findings show that BMP signaling that is regulated spatiotemporally by Nodal signaling is required for trunk ESN specification, which clearly differs from the BMP gradient model proposed for vertebrate neural induction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukio Ohtsuka
- Biomedical Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba Central 6, Higashi 1-1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8566, Japan
| | - Jun Matsumoto
- Biomedical Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba Central 6, Higashi 1-1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8566, Japan
| | - You Katsuyama
- Biomedical Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba Central 6, Higashi 1-1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8566, Japan
| | - Yasushi Okamura
- Biomedical Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba Central 6, Higashi 1-1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8566, Japan
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Kumano G, Negoro N, Nishida H. Transcription factor Tbx6 plays a central role in fate determination between mesenchyme and muscle in embryos of the ascidian,Halocynthia roretzi. Dev Growth Differ 2014; 56:310-22. [DOI: 10.1111/dgd.12133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2013] [Revised: 03/09/2014] [Accepted: 03/12/2014] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Gaku Kumano
- Asamushi Research Center for Marine Biology; Graduate School of Life Science; Tohoku University; 9 Sakamoto Asamushi Aomori 039-3501 Japan
| | - Nobue Negoro
- Department of Biological Sciences; Graduate School of Science; Osaka University; 1-1 Machikaneyama-cho Toyonaka Osaka 560-0043 Japan
| | - Hiroki Nishida
- Department of Biological Sciences; Graduate School of Science; Osaka University; 1-1 Machikaneyama-cho Toyonaka Osaka 560-0043 Japan
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Hashimoto H, Enomoto T, Kumano G, Nishida H. The transcription factor FoxB mediates temporal loss of cellular competence for notochord induction in ascidian embryos. Development 2011; 138:2591-600. [DOI: 10.1242/dev.053082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
In embryos of the ascidian Halocynthia roretzi, the competence of isolated presumptive notochord blastomeres to respond to fibroblast growth factor (FGF) for induction of the primary notochord decays by 1 hour after cleavage from the 32- to 64-cell stage. This study analyzes the molecular mechanisms responsible for this loss of competence and provides evidence for a novel mechanism. A forkhead family transcription factor, FoxB, plays a role in competence decay by preventing the induction of notochord-specific Brachyury (Bra) gene expression by the FGF/MAPK signaling pathway. Unlike the mechanisms reported previously in other animals, no component in the FGF signal transduction cascade appeared to be lost or inactivated at the time of competence loss. Knockdown of FoxB functions allowed the isolated cells to retain their competence for a longer period, and to respond to FGF with expression of Bra beyond the stage at which competence was normally lost. FoxB acts as a transcription repressor by directly binding to the cis-regulatory element of the Bra gene. Our results suggest that FoxB prevents ectopic induction of the notochord fate within the cells that assume a default nerve cord fate, after the stage when notochord induction has been completed. The merit of this system is that embryos can use the same FGF signaling cascade again for another purpose in the same cell lineage at later stages by keeping the signaling cascade itself available. Temporally and spatially regulated FoxB expression in nerve cord cells was promoted by the ZicN transcription factor and absence of FGF/MAPK signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hidehiko Hashimoto
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama-cho, Toyonaka 560-0043, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takashi Enomoto
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama-cho, Toyonaka 560-0043, Osaka, Japan
| | - Gaku Kumano
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama-cho, Toyonaka 560-0043, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hiroki Nishida
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama-cho, Toyonaka 560-0043, Osaka, Japan
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Salehi Z. In vivo injection of fibroblast growth factor-2 into the cisterna magna induces glypican-6 expression in mouse brain tissue. J Clin Neurosci 2009; 16:689-92. [PMID: 19254844 DOI: 10.1016/j.jocn.2008.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2008] [Revised: 06/03/2008] [Accepted: 06/05/2008] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The proteoglycans (PGs) are multifunctional macromolecules composed of a core polypeptide and a variable number of glycosaminoglycan chains. In the nervous system, PGs regulate the structural organization of the extracellular matrix (ECM) and modulate growth factor activities and cell proliferation and migration. Most cortical neurons are generated from neural precursor cells that reside in the ventricular zone of the embryonic brain. The proliferation and differentiation of neural precursor cells are regulated by various growth and neurotrophic factors. Fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2) is an important mitogen for cortical neural precursor cells, and glypicans regulate the action of FGF-2 on neural precursor cells. Glypican-6 is one of the most abundant ECM molecules in the brain. In this study the effects of FGF-2 on glypican-6 expression in brain tissue have been investigated. FGF-2 was injected into the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) through the cisterna magna of mouse pups. Using Western blotting, it was shown that the expression of glypican-6 is increased in response to infusion of FGF-2 into the CSF. The injection of anti-FGF-2 antibody into the cisterna magna decreased glypican-6 expression in brain tissue. The results from this study suggest that glypican-6 is important in regulating FGF-2 activity during cerebral cortical development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zivar Salehi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran.
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Kumano G, Nishida H. Ascidian embryonic development: An emerging model system for the study of cell fate specification in chordates. Dev Dyn 2007; 236:1732-47. [PMID: 17366575 DOI: 10.1002/dvdy.21108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The ascidian tadpole larva represents the basic body plan of all chordates in a relatively small number of cells and tissue types. Although it had been considered that ascidians develop largely in a determinative way, whereas vertebrates develop in an inductive way, recent studies at the molecular and cellular levels have uncovered several similarities in the way developmental fates are specified. In this review, we describe ascidian embryogenesis and its cell lineages, introduce several characteristics of ascidian embryos, describe recent advances in understanding of the mechanisms of cell fate specification, and discuss them in the context of what is known in vertebrates and other organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaku Kumano
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka, Japan.
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