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Nejat F, Benovics M, Řehulková E, Vukić J, Šanda R, Kaya C, Tarkan AS, Abdoli A, Aksu S, Šimková A. Diversity, phylogeny and intraspecific variability of Paradiplozoon species (Monogenea: Diplozoidae) parasitizing endemic cyprinoids in the Middle East. Parasitology 2023; 150:705-722. [PMID: 37157105 PMCID: PMC10410381 DOI: 10.1017/s0031182023000446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Revised: 04/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Diplozoidae are common monogenean ectoparasites of cyprinoid fish, with the genus Paradiplozoon being the most diversified. Despite recent studies on Diplozoidae from Europe, Africa and Asia, the diversity, distribution and phylogeny of this parasite group appears to be still underestimated in the Middle East. The objective of this study was to investigate the diversity, endemism and host specificity of diplozoids parasitizing cyprinoid fish from the Middle East, considering this region as an important historical interchange of fish fauna, and to elucidate the phylogenetic position of Middle Eastern Paradiplozoon species within Diplozoidae. Four Paradiplozoon species were collected from 48 out of 94 investigated cyprinoid species. Three known species, Paradiplozoon homoion, Paradiplozoon bliccae and Paradiplozoon bingolensis, were recorded on new cyprinoid host species, and a new species, Paradiplozoon koubkovae n. sp., was recorded on Luciobarbus capito and Capoeta capoeta from the Caspian Sea basin in Iran and Turkey. Paradiplozoon bliccae, exhibiting a wide host range in the Middle East, expressed both morphological and genetic intraspecific variabilities. The four Paradiplozoon species collected in the Middle East were placed in divergent clades, showing the rich evolutionary history of diplozoid parasites in the Middle East. Our study also revealed that two lineages of African diplozoids have a Middle Eastern origin. We stress the importance of applying an integrative approach combining morphological, ecological and molecular methods to reveal the real diversity of diplozoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farshad Nejat
- Department of Botany and Zoology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlářská 2, 611 37 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Michal Benovics
- Department of Botany and Zoology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlářská 2, 611 37 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Eva Řehulková
- Department of Botany and Zoology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlářská 2, 611 37 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jasna Vukić
- Department of Ecology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Viničná 7, Prague 2 128 44, Czech Republic
| | - Radek Šanda
- Department of Ecology, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Viničná 7, Prague 2 128 44, Czech Republic
- Department of Zoology, National Museum, Václavské náměstí 68, Prague 1 110 00, Czech Republic
| | - Cüneyt Kaya
- Faculty of Fisheries, Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, 53100 Rize, Turkey
| | - Ali Serhan Tarkan
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Fisheries, Muğla Sıtkı Koçman University, 48000 Menteşe, Muğla, Turkey
| | - Asghar Abdoli
- Department of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Management, Environmental Science Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, Shahid Shahriari Sq. Velenjak, 1983969411 Tehran, Iran
| | - Sadi Aksu
- Vocational School of Health Services, Eskişehir Osmangazi University, Büyükdere Meşelik Yerleşkesi, 26040 Eskişehir, Turkey
| | - Andrea Šimková
- Department of Botany and Zoology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlářská 2, 611 37 Brno, Czech Republic
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Bertaglia EDA, Furtado WE, Silva E Souza ÂT, Fernandes MC, Pereira SA, Brasil EM, Mouriño JLP, Jerônimo GT, Martins ML. Influence of Seasonality and Culture Stage of Farmed Nile Tilapia ( Oreochromis niloticus) with Monogenean Parasitic Infection. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:ani13091525. [PMID: 37174562 PMCID: PMC10177212 DOI: 10.3390/ani13091525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to observe how abiotic and biotic factors in a tropical region influence the rate of monogenean parasitism in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) that are farmed in net cages. A total of 240 sexually reversed fish were analyzed, and 20 from each culture stage were collected during each sampling month. Overall, 60 fish were sampled in April (autumn), 60 in August (winter), 60 in November (spring), and 60 in February (summer). Fish were collected from a commercial fish farm located in Capivara Reservoir in the lower Paranapanema River region of Paraná, Brazil. In total, 3290 monogenean parasites were collected from fish gills of the following species: Cichlidogyrushalli, C. thurstonae, Scutogyruslongicornis, C. cirratus, C. sclerosus, and C. tilapiae. Higher parasitological indices were observed in colder seasons with lower precipitation. Autumn had the highest parasitic infection values compared to the other seasons. The occurrence of monogenean parasites showed a negative correlation with season, in contrast to the culture stage, in which there was a positive correlation. These results may provide a means for establishing adequate fish farm management to predict periods of high monogenean infestation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeth de Aguiar Bertaglia
- AQUOS Laboratory Health of Aquatic Organisms, Department of Aquaculture, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Rod. Admar Gonzaga 1346, Florianópolis 88040-900, SC, Brazil
| | - William Eduardo Furtado
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Public Health, Jockey Club College of Veterinary Medicine and Life Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ângela Teresa Silva E Souza
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas, Departamento de Biologia Animal e Vegetal, Universidade Estadual de Londrina (UEL), Londrina 86039-000, PR, Brazil
| | - Manoela Clemente Fernandes
- AQUOS Laboratory Health of Aquatic Organisms, Department of Aquaculture, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Rod. Admar Gonzaga 1346, Florianópolis 88040-900, SC, Brazil
| | - Scheila Anelise Pereira
- AQUOS Laboratory Health of Aquatic Organisms, Department of Aquaculture, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Rod. Admar Gonzaga 1346, Florianópolis 88040-900, SC, Brazil
| | - Elenice Martins Brasil
- AQUOS Laboratory Health of Aquatic Organisms, Department of Aquaculture, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Rod. Admar Gonzaga 1346, Florianópolis 88040-900, SC, Brazil
| | - José Luiz Pedreira Mouriño
- AQUOS Laboratory Health of Aquatic Organisms, Department of Aquaculture, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Rod. Admar Gonzaga 1346, Florianópolis 88040-900, SC, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Tomas Jerônimo
- AQUOS Laboratory Health of Aquatic Organisms, Department of Aquaculture, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Rod. Admar Gonzaga 1346, Florianópolis 88040-900, SC, Brazil
| | - Maurício Laterça Martins
- AQUOS Laboratory Health of Aquatic Organisms, Department of Aquaculture, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Rod. Admar Gonzaga 1346, Florianópolis 88040-900, SC, Brazil
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Pravdová M, Kolářová J, Grabicová K, Janáč M, Randák T, Ondračková M. Response of Parasite Community Composition to Aquatic Pollution in Common Carp ( Cyprinus carpio L.): A Semi-Experimental Study. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:ani13091464. [PMID: 37174501 PMCID: PMC10177495 DOI: 10.3390/ani13091464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2023] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
The response of parasite communities to aquatic contamination has been shown to vary with both type of pollutant and parasite lifestyle. In this semi-experimental study, we examined uptake of pharmaceutical compounds in common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) restocked from a control pond to a treatment pond fed with organic pollution from a sewage treatment plant and assessed changes in parasite community composition and fish biometric parameters. The parasite community of restocked fish changed over the six-month exposure period, and the composition of pharmaceutical compounds in the liver and brain was almost the same as that in fish living in the treatment pond their whole life. While fish size and weight were significantly higher in both treatment groups compared to the control, condition indices, including condition factor, hepatosomatic index, and splenosomatic index, were significantly higher in control fish. Parasite diversity and species richness decreased at the polluted site, alongside a significant increase in the abundance of a single parasite species, Gyrodactylus sprostonae. Oviparous monogeneans of the Dactylogyridae and Diplozoidae families and parasitic crustaceans responded to pollution with a significant decrease in abundance, the reduction in numbers most likely related to the sensitivity of their free-living stages to pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markéta Pravdová
- Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Vertebrate Biology, Květná 8, 603 00 Brno, Czech Republic
- Department of Botany and Zoology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlářská 2, 611 37 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jitka Kolářová
- Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Centre of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Zátiší 728/II, 389 25 Vodňany, Czech Republic
| | - Kateřina Grabicová
- Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Centre of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Zátiší 728/II, 389 25 Vodňany, Czech Republic
| | - Michal Janáč
- Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Vertebrate Biology, Květná 8, 603 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Tomáš Randák
- Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, South Bohemian Research Centre of Aquaculture and Biodiversity of Hydrocenoses, University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Zátiší 728/II, 389 25 Vodňany, Czech Republic
| | - Markéta Ondračková
- Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Vertebrate Biology, Květná 8, 603 00 Brno, Czech Republic
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Benovics M, Koubková B, Civáňová K, Rahmouni I, Čermáková K, Šimková A. Diversity and phylogeny of Paradiplozoon species (Monogenea: Diplozoidae) parasitising endemic cyprinoids in the peri-Mediterranean area, with a description of three new Paradiplozoon species. Parasitol Res 2021; 120:481-496. [PMID: 33409627 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-020-06982-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The Diplozoidae are monogenean parasites of mainly cyprinoid fishes with a unique life cycle, whereby two larvae undergo anastomosis and fuse into a single cross-shaped specimen. Paradiplozoon is the most species rich and widespread genus of the family, with a distribution range covering Eurasia and Africa; however, some areas remain underexplored and their diplozoid fauna is uncertain. In the present study, the Paradiplozoon diversity was investigated in the peri-Mediterranean region, which has the highest levels of cyprinoid diversity and endemism in Europe. A total of 36 endemic cyprinoid species were sampled from sites in north-west Africa and the southern European peninsulas and investigated for the presence of diplozoid parasites. Of five Paradiplozoon species collected, three were identified as new to science: Paradiplozoon moroccoensis n. sp. from the Moroccan endemic Luciobarbus lepineyi; Paradiplozoon ibericus n. sp. from Iberian endemic cyprinids and leuciscids and Paradiplozoon helleni n. sp. from the Greek endemic Scardinius acarnicus and Tropidophoxinellus hellenicus (descriptions provided herein). In addition, new host records for P. homoion and P. megan are presented, with the former being most prevalent in the investigated region. Phylogenetic analysis supported paraphyly of the genus Paradiplozoon, and suggests the need for a careful taxonomic re-evaluation of this genus. Furthermore, the results showed that endemic Paradiplozoon of the peri-Mediterranean do not form a monophyletic group, suggesting multiple origins of this parasite groups in different peri-Mediterranean regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michal Benovics
- Department of Botany and Zoology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlářská 2, 611 37, Brno, Czech Republic.
| | - Božena Koubková
- Department of Botany and Zoology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlářská 2, 611 37, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Kristína Civáňová
- Department of Botany and Zoology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlářská 2, 611 37, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Imane Rahmouni
- Laboratory of Biodiversity, Ecology and Genome, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco
| | | | - Andrea Šimková
- Department of Botany and Zoology, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlářská 2, 611 37, Brno, Czech Republic
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Gilbert BM, Avenant-Oldewage A. Effects of altered water quality and trace elements on the infection variables of Paradiplozoon ichthyoxanthon (Monogenea: Diplozoidae) from two sites in the Vaal River system, South Africa. Acta Parasitol 2016; 61:52-62. [PMID: 26751871 DOI: 10.1515/ap-2016-0005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2015] [Accepted: 08/27/2015] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Using parasites as sentinel organisms has received increased attention due to their responses toward environmental degradation. In some sections of the Vaal River, South Africa, water quality is altered and biota distribution affected. The aims of this study were to assess and compare infection variables of Paradipolozoon ichthyoxanthonAvenant-Oldewage, 2014 in Avenant- Oldewage et al. (2014) at two sites along the Vaal River and compare the water quality and trace element levels at the sites. Infection variables of the parasite, physico-chemical variables, and sediment and water samples for trace element analysis were collected at each site. Conductivity and trace element concentrations were higher at the Vaal River site than the Vaal Dam. Temporal variances in water quality and parasite prevalence, mean intensity and mean abundance, at intervals over a 14 year period occurred, P. ichthyoxanthon was absent at the Vaal River site though the host fish are present. Prevalence peaks in summer and winter. Comparison of infection data to water quality and trace elements indicated that conductivity and trace element levels negatively affected/correlated with the infection variables. Higher trace elements concentration and conductivity at the Vaal River site are thought to be driving factors responsible for absence of the parasite.
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