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Zhang J, Ma W, Li Y, Zhong D, Zhou Z, Ma J. The resistance change and stress response mechanisms of chlorine-resistant bacteria under microplastic stress in drinking water distribution system. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024:124331. [PMID: 38848962 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.124331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Revised: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 06/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024]
Abstract
The presence of both chlorine-resistant bacteria (CRB) and microplastics (MPs) in drinking water distribution systems (DWDS) poses a threat to water quality and human health. However, the risk of CRB bio evolution under the stress of MPs remains unclear. In this study, polypropylene (PP) and polyethylene (PE) were selected to study the adsorption and desorption behavior of sulfamethoxazole (SMX), and it was clear that MPs had the risk of carrying pollutants into DWDS and releasing them. The results of the antibiotic susceptibility test and disinfection experiment confirmed that MPs could enhance the resistance of CRB to antibiotics and disinfectants. Bacteria epigenetic resistance mechanisms were approached from multiple perspectives, including physiological and biochemical characteristics, as well as molecular regulatory networks. When MPs enter DWDS, CRB could attach to the surface of MPs and directly interact with both MPs and the antibiotics they release. This attachment process promoted changes in the composition and content of extracellular polymers (EPS) within cells, enhanced surface hydrophobicity, stimulated oxidative stress function, and notably elevated the relative abundance of certain antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). This study elucidates the mechanism by which MPs alter the intrinsic properties of CRB, providing valuable insights into the effective avoidance of biological risks to water quality during CRB evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingna Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, P. R. China
| | - Wencheng Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, P. R. China; Chongqing Research Institute of HIT, Chongqing 401151, China
| | - Yibing Li
- Central & Southern China Municipal Engineering Design and Research Institute Co., Ltd, Wuhan 430014, China
| | - Dan Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, P. R. China; Chongqing Research Institute of HIT, Chongqing 401151, China.
| | - Ziyi Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, P. R. China
| | - Jun Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, P. R. China
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2
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Zhou N, Xiao Z, Chen D. Formation/characterization of humin-mediated anaerobic granular sludge and enhanced methanogenic performance. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2024; 399:130603. [PMID: 38499204 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2024.130603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
This study presents a novel method for accelerating the granulation of methanogenic anaerobic granular sludge (AnGS) in an upflow anaerobic sludge blanket (UASB) reactor using solid-phase humin (HM). The results demonstrated that HM-mediated AnGS (HM-AnGS) formed rapidly within 50 days. The increase in particle size, settling velocity and mechanical strength was attributed to the rapid granulation of the HM-AnGS. The maximum methane yield of the HM-AnGS was 5-fold higher than that of the control group. This is consistent with the findings, which showed that HM-AnGS had 3.2-3.4 times more methyl-coenzyme M reductase (Mcr) activity and 2.4-2.9 times more adenosine triphosphate (ATP) than control groups. Molecular analyses indicate that HM most likely accelerated interspecies electron transfer (IET) in HM-AnGS (e.g., from Enterococcus to Methanosaeta). Furthermore, the HM-AnGS was effective in recovering energy from actual slaughterhouse wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ningli Zhou
- College of Urban Construction, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, PR China
| | - Zhixing Xiao
- College of Urban Construction, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, PR China
| | - Dan Chen
- College of Urban Construction, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, PR China.
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3
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Zhang LH, Zhang J, Hu X. Analyzing the nitrogen removal performance and cold adaptation mechanism of immobilized cold-acclimation ANAMMOX granules at low temperatures. WATER ENVIRONMENT RESEARCH : A RESEARCH PUBLICATION OF THE WATER ENVIRONMENT FEDERATION 2024; 96:e10985. [PMID: 38305068 DOI: 10.1002/wer.10985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 01/01/2024] [Accepted: 01/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
To improve the treatment performance of anaerobic ammonium oxidation (ANAMMOX) processes at low temperatures, the immobilized cold-acclimation ANAMMOX granules (R3) were prepared and their low-temperature nitrogen removal ability as well as the cold adaptation mechanism were analyzed. The results indicated that the total inorganic nitrogen (TIN) removal efficiency of R3 was significantly higher than that of R2 (cold-acclimation granules without immobilization) and R1 (common granules), especially at 11 ± 2 and 7 ± 2°C (68% and 54%). These were attributed to the remarkable biomass retention capacity of R3, high up to 4.3-4.9 mg/gVSS even at 5-18°C. Besides, higher protein (PN) content of tightly bound extracellular polymeric substances (TB-EPS) also facilitated microbial aggregation in R3. Meanwhile, R3 granules retained higher ANAMMOX activity and heme c content at 5-25°C. The original dominant ANAMMOX genus (Candidatus Kuenenia) in R3 kept higher abundance (49%-57%) at 23 ± 2 and 16 ± 2°C, whereas Candidatus Brocadia became the dominant ANAMMOX genus (25%-32%) in R3 at 11 ± 2 and 7 ± 2°C. Notably, different ANAMMOX genera in R3 may adapt to cold environment by regulating the expression of cold-stress proteins (CspA, CspB, PpiD, and UspA). PRACTITIONER POINTS: Immobilized cold-acclimation ANAMMOX granules showed higher nitrogen removal efficiency at 23°C → 5°C. Immobilization method effectively retained biomass (Candidatus Kuenenia and Candidatus Brocadia). Immobilization facilitated TB-EPS release and biological aggregation in cold-acclimation granules. Expression of cold-stress proteins in immobilized cold-acclimation granules was more active.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin-Hua Zhang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, China
- College of Civil and Architectural Engineering, Hebei Key Laboratory of Earthquake Engineering and Disaster Prevention, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- College of Civil and Architectural Engineering, Hebei Key Laboratory of Earthquake Engineering and Disaster Prevention, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China
| | - Xiang Hu
- College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, China
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Song Y, Zhang Z, Fang Y, Liu Y, Li D, Feng Y. Evaluating the stability and performance of a novel core-shell ZVI@C-montmorillonite particle for anaerobic treatment of chloramphenicol wastewater. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 460:132389. [PMID: 37666169 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.132389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
ZVI@C-MP is a novel composite particle consisting of zero-valent iron (ZVI) enclosed within a carbon shell. The purpose of this composite material is to enhance the anaerobic treatment of wastewater containing chloramphenicol (CAP). This approach aims to address the initial challenge of excessive corrosion experienced by ZVI, followed by its subsequent passivation and inactivation. ZVI@C-MP was synthesized through a hydrothermal process and calcination, with montmorillonite as binder, it exhibits stability, iron-carbon microelectrolysis (ICME) properties, and strong adsorption for CAP. Its ICME actions include releasing iron ions (0.70 mg/L) and COD (11.3 mg/L), generating hydrogen (3.82%), and raising the pH from 6.30 to 7.71. With minimal structural changes, it achieved release equilibrium. ZVI@C-MP boasts high removal efficiency of CAP (98.96%) by adsorption, attributed to surface characteristics (surface area: 167.985 m2/g; pore volume: 0.248 cm3/g). The addition of ZVI@C-MP increases COD removal (10.16%), methane production (72.86%), and reduces extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) from 70.58 to 52.72 mg/g MLVSS. It reduces microbial by-products and toxic effects, enhancing CAP biodegradation and microbial metabolic activity. ZVI@C-MP's electrical conductivity and biocompatibility bolster functional flora for interspecies electron transfer. It's a novel approach to antibiotic wastewater treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanfang Song
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, No73, Huanghe Road, Nangang District, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Zhaohan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, No73, Huanghe Road, Nangang District, Harbin 150090, China.
| | - Yanbin Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, No73, Huanghe Road, Nangang District, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Yanbo Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, No73, Huanghe Road, Nangang District, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Dongyi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, No73, Huanghe Road, Nangang District, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Yujie Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, School of Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, No73, Huanghe Road, Nangang District, Harbin 150090, China.
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5
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Men Y, Liu L, Wang S, Bi Y, Meng F, Qiu C, Wang D, Yu J, Yang Y. Extracellular polymeric substances and microbial community shift during the start-up of a single-stage partial nitritation/anammox process. WATER ENVIRONMENT RESEARCH : A RESEARCH PUBLICATION OF THE WATER ENVIRONMENT FEDERATION 2023; 95:e10931. [PMID: 37759340 DOI: 10.1002/wer.10931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
A sequencing batch reactor (SBR) was operated to investigate variations of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) and microbial community during the start-up of the single-stage partial nitritation/anammox (SPN/A) process at intermittent aeration mode. The SPN/A system was successfully started on day 34, and the nitrogen removal efficiency and total nitrogen loading rate were 82.29% and 0.31 kg N/(m3 ·day), respectively. Furthermore, the relationship between the protein secondary structures and microbial aggregation was strongly related. The α-helix/ (β-sheet + random coil) ratios increased obviously from 0.20 ± 0.03 to 0.23 ± 0.01, with the sludge aggregation mean size increased from 56 to 107 μm during the start-up of SPN/A. During the start-up of SPN/A, Candidatus Kuenenia was the primary anammox bacteria, whereas Nitrospira was the main functional bacteria of nitrite-oxidizing bacteria. Correlation between the microbial community and EPS components was performed. The EPS and microbial community played important roles in keeping stable nitrogen removal and the formation of sludge granules. PRACTITIONER POINTS: Intermittent aeration strategy promoted SPN/A system start-up. EPS composition and protein secondary structure were related with the sludge disintegration and aggregation. Microbial community shift existed and promoted the stability of sludge and reactor performance during SPN/A start-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Men
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Tianjin Chengjian University, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Lingjie Liu
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Tianjin Chengjian University, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Shaopo Wang
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Tianjin Chengjian University, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Yanmeng Bi
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Tianjin Chengjian University, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Fansheng Meng
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Tianjin Chengjian University, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Chunsheng Qiu
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Tianjin Chengjian University, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Dong Wang
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Tianjin Chengjian University, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Jingjie Yu
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Tianjin Chengjian University, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Aquatic Science and Technology, Tianjin, China
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6
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Dsane VF, Jeon H, Choi Y, Jeong S, Choi Y. Characterization of magnetite assisted anammox granules based on in-depth analysis of extracellular polymeric substance (EPS). BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2023; 369:128372. [PMID: 36423769 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.128372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Magnetite can be considered as an iron-rich carrier particles that can be ionized into Fe2+ and Fe3+ which improves the activity and aggregation of anammox bacteria. Three samples from this carrier assisted granulation reactor with size groups including Flocs, FL (0-300 µm), Small Granules, SG (300-500 µm) and Large Granules, LG (500-1000 µm) were used in this study. It was observed that as the granule size increased, the iron-rich carrier content increased, and their active crystals improved the microbial cell density. Specific anammox activity (SAA) was 34.63 ± 5.02, 55.29 ± 5.14, and 63.81 ± 7.50 mg-N/g-VSS/d for FL, SG and LG, respectively. In addition, in heme c content of LG was 31.5 % higher than SG and 62.9 % higher than FL. An in-depth study into the extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) showed that the secretion intensity of essential proteins followed the order of FL < SG < LG in loosely bound EPS and FL > SG > LG in tightly bound EPS. Functional group analysis confirmed that the hydrophobic CN and NH stretching vibration band had almost 3.5 times higher transmittance intensity in LG than the other sizes and the corresponding ratio of α-helix/(β sheet + random coil) in secondary derivative proteins analysis showed tightness in the protein structures of FL. The relative abundance of Brocadia Sinica increased from 0 % in FL to a high of 20.46 % in LG. This study aims to communicate the essence of in-depth EPS analysis beyond the usual EPS yield and major contents of proteins (PN) and polysaccharides (PS) analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Haejun Jeon
- Department of Environmental & IT Convergence Engineering, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Yuri Choi
- Department of Environmental & IT Convergence Engineering, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Sohee Jeong
- Department of Environmental & IT Convergence Engineering, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Younggyun Choi
- Department of Environmental & IT Convergence Engineering, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, South Korea.
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7
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Xue Y, Ma H, Li YY. Anammox-based granulation cycle for sustainable granular sludge biotechnology from mechanisms to strategies: A critical review. WATER RESEARCH 2023; 228:119353. [PMID: 36423549 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2022.119353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2022] [Revised: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) granular sludge is a promising biotechnological process for treating low-carbon nitrogenous wastewater, and is featured with low energy consumption and footprint. Previous theoretical and experimental research on anammox granular sludge processes mainly focused on granulation (flocs → granules), but pay little attention to the granulation cycle including granulation and regeneration. This work reviewed the previous studies from the perspective of anammox granules lifecycle and proposed various sustainable formation mechanisms of anammox granules. By reviewing the anaerobic, aerobic, and anammox granulation mechanisms, we summarize the mechanisms of thermodynamic theory, heterogeneous growth, extracellular polymeric substance (EPS)-based adhesion, quorum sensing (QS)-based regulation, biomineralization-based growth, and stratification of microorganisms to understand anammox granulation. In the regeneration process, the formation of precursors for re-granulation is explained by the mechanisms of physical crushing, quorum quenching and dispersion cue sensing. Based on the granulation cycle mechanism, the rebuilding of the normal regeneration process is considered essential to avoid granule floatation and the wash-out of granules. This comprehensive review indicates that future research on anammox granulation cycle should focus on the effects of filamentous bacteria in denitrification-anammox granulation cycle, the role of QS/ quorum quenching (QQ)-based autoinducers, development of diversified mechanisms to understand the cycle and the cycle mechanisms of stored granules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Xue
- Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aza-Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan
| | - Haiyuan Ma
- College of Environment and Ecology, Chongqing University, Chongqing 40045, China
| | - Yu-You Li
- Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aza-Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan; Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University, 6-6-06 Aza-Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan.
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8
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An Q, Chen Y, Tang M, Zhao B, Deng S, Li Z. The mechanism of extracellular polymeric substances in the formation of activated sludge flocs. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2023.131009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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9
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Dsane VF, An S, Choi Y. Distinctive differences in the granulation of saline and non-saline enriched anaerobic ammonia oxidizing (AMX) bacteria. J Environ Sci (China) 2022; 122:162-173. [PMID: 35717082 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2021.08.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Revised: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The growing interest in the anaerobic ammonium oxidizing (AMX) process in treating high nitrogen containing wastewaters and a comprehensive study into the granulation mechanism of these bacteria under diverse environmental conditions over the years have been unequal. To this effect, the distinctive differences in saline adapted AMX (S_AMX) and non-saline adapted AMX (NS_AMX) granules are presented in this study. It was observed that substrate utilisation profiles, granule formation mechanism, and pace towards granulation differed marginally for the two adaptation conditions. The different microbial dominant aggregation types aided in splitting the 471 days operated lab-scale SBRs into three distinct phases. In both reactors, phase III (granules dominant phase) showed the highest average nitrogen removal efficiency of 87.9% ± 4.8% and 85.6% ± 3.6% for the S_AMX and NS_AMX processes, respectively. The extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) quantity and major composition determined its role either as a binding agent in granulation or a survival mechanism in saline adaptation. It was also observed that granules of the S_AMX reactor were mostly loosely and less condensed aggregates of smaller sub-units and flocs while those of the NS_AMX reactor were compact agglomerates. The ionic gradient in saline enrichment led to an increased activity of the Na+/K+ - ATPase, hence enriched granules produced higher cellular adenosine triphosphate molecules which finally improved the granules active biomass ratio by 32.96%. Microbial community showed that about three to four major known AMX species made up the granules consortia in both reactors. Proteins and expression of functional genes differed for these different species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victory Fiifi Dsane
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 305-764, Korea; Department of Food Process Engineering, University of Ghana, Legon, Ghana
| | - Sumin An
- Department of Environmental & IT Convergence Engineering, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 305-764, Korea
| | - Younggyun Choi
- Department of Environmental & IT Convergence Engineering, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 305-764, Korea.
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10
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Li B, Jiang Y, Wang Y, Li X, Xia K, Tian M, He X. Activity enhancement and the anammox mechanism under low temperature via PVA-SA and nano Fe 2O 3-PVA-SA entrapped beads. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 845:157306. [PMID: 35839881 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.157306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Anaerobic ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AAOB) have a long growth time and low activity at low temperatures. In suspended systems, sludge is easily lost, which limits the mainstream application of anaerobic ammonia oxidation (anammox).Entrapment provides effective ideas for solving these problems. In this study, polyvinyl‑sodium alginate (PVA-SA) and nano Fe2O3-PVA-SA entrapment beads were prepared to discuss the effectiveness of entrapment enhanced anammox sludge at low temperatures. The differences in the entrapped beads and granules were compared to analyze the strengthening mechanism. The results show that the nitrogen removal performance of granules, PVA-SA and nano Fe2O3-PVA-SA entrapped beads, first decreased and then increased during the cooling and low-temperature operation. Nano Fe2O3-PVA-SA entrapped beads showed the smallest decline and the highest degree of recovery. Reaction metering ratio (△NO2--N/△NH4+-N and △NO3--N/△NH4+-N) showed that entrapment could realize Nitrite oxidizing bacteria (NOB) inhibition and improve the activity of denitrifying bacteria (DNB) to promote the removal of total nitrogen by providing a strict anaerobic environment. The results demonstrate that entrapment is beneficial for maintaining the content of heme c, specifically, nano Fe2O3 can stimulate its production, and is beneficial for alleviating the reduction of hydrazine dehydrogenase (HDH) enzyme activity. The extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) content and analysis showed that entrapment does not change the composition of EPS, and can maintain the EPS content. Nano Fe2O3 can stimulate AAOB to secrete more EPS to maintain sludge stability. From a molecular perspective, entrapment can maintain the expression of functional genes, promote the enrichment of AAOB, thus improving the nitrogen removal performance from the dual perspectives of "quality" and "quantity".
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Affiliation(s)
- Bolin Li
- Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China.
| | - Yuqing Jiang
- Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Yue Wang
- Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Xiang Li
- Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215009, China
| | - Kai Xia
- Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Mengyuan Tian
- Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Xiaoman He
- Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
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11
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Xie J, Cao Q, An T, Mabruk A, Xie J, Chang Y, Guo M, Chen C. Small biochar addition enhanced anammox granular sludge system for practical wastewater treatment: Performance and microbial community. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 363:127749. [PMID: 35940326 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.127749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Anaerobic ammonium oxidation (Anammox) granular sludge (AnGS) has poor strength and is prone to disintegration under complex environmental conditions, especially in the presence of complex organic carbon, which renders the Anammox process instable. Herein, with a mixture of landfill leachate and domestic sewage as wastewater, the effect on the properties of AnGS with two small particle size (0.1-0.2 mm) biochars (coconut and peach biochars) addition were investigated at different COD concentrations (150 mg·L-1, 200 mg·L-1, and 250 mg·L-1), as well as at different BOD/TN (B/N) (0.3 and 0.5). Results showed that the nitrogen removal efficiencies decreased from 89 % to 72 % as the COD concentration increased by 100 mg·L-1, while peach biochar reactor had better nitrogen removal performance. Excessive organic carbon supply inhibits AnAOB proliferation and B/N had the most significant effect on AnAOB (p < 0.05). The Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) indicated peach biochar reactor get higher activity of anammox-related functional genes (hzsA, hdh).
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Affiliation(s)
- Junxiang Xie
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China
| | - Qianfei Cao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China
| | - Tianyi An
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Technology and Material of Water Treatment, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China
| | - Adams Mabruk
- School of Civil Engineering, National University of Ireland, Galway, GA, Ireland
| | - Jiawei Xie
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China
| | - Yaofeng Chang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China
| | - Menglei Guo
- Qingyuan County Sanitation Department, Lishui 323800, China
| | - Chongjun Chen
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China; Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Technology and Material of Water Treatment, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China.
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12
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Wang S, Zhang M, He L, Li M, Zhang X, Liu F, Tong M. Bacterial capture and inactivation in sand filtration systems with addition of zero-valent iron as permeable layer under both slow and fast filtration conditions. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 436:129122. [PMID: 35596992 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.129122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2022] [Revised: 05/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
To improve bacterial capture performance and inactivate bacteria, zero-valent iron (ZVI) were added into sand columns as permeable filtration media. Both Gram-negative Escherichia coli and Gram-positive Bacillus subtilis (1.25 ×107 cells/mL) could be completely retained in 10 wt% ZVI amended sand columns in different ionic strength solutions (1-100 mM NaCl) at both slow (4 m/day) and fast (90 m/day) flow velocities. The strong adsorption property of ZVI contributed to the improved bacterial capture performance of sand columns. Moreover, ZVI could inactivate nearly all captured bacteria. Clearly, ZVI added as permeable layer not only could significantly enhance bacterial capture but also would inactivate the captured bacteria. ZVI could destroy the structure of extracellular polymeric substance and cell membrane. Intracellular oxidative stress was then increased and ATP content was decreased, causing bacterial death. Furthermore, high bacterial capture efficiencies were achieved with the coexisting of humic acid (0.2-5 mg/L), in actual river water samples, and longtime filtration processes. ZVI could be regenerated and reused as permeable layer to efficiently capture bacteria. Furthermore, sand columns with 10 wt% ZVI amendment could completely capture and inactivate 4.0 × 106 cells/mL algae. Clearly, ZVI amended sand filtration systems have potentials to purify water contaminated by pathogenic bacteria and algae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of All Material Fluxes in River Ecosystems; College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, PR China
| | - Mengya Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of All Material Fluxes in River Ecosystems; College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, PR China
| | - Lei He
- The Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of All Material Fluxes in River Ecosystems; College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, PR China
| | - Meng Li
- The Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of All Material Fluxes in River Ecosystems; College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, PR China
| | - Xiangwei Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of All Material Fluxes in River Ecosystems; College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, PR China
| | - Fuyang Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of All Material Fluxes in River Ecosystems; College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, PR China
| | - Meiping Tong
- The Key Laboratory of Water and Sediment Sciences, Ministry of Education; State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of All Material Fluxes in River Ecosystems; College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, PR China.
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13
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Ran X, Zhou M, Wang T, Wang W, Kumari S, Wang Y. Multidisciplinary characterization of nitrogen-removal granular sludge: A review of advances and technologies. WATER RESEARCH 2022; 214:118214. [PMID: 35240472 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2022.118214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Revised: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Nitrogen-removal granular sludge (NRGS) is a promising technology in wastewater treatment, with advantages of efficient nitrogen removal, less footprint, lower sludge production and energy consumption, and is a way for wastewater treatment plants to achieve carbon-neutrality. Aerobic granular sludge (AGS) and anammox granular sludge (AnGS) are two typical NRGS technologies that have attracted extensive attention. Mounting evidence has shown strong associations between NRGS properties and the status of NRGS systems; however, a holistic view is still missing. The aim of this article is to provide an overview of NRGS with an emphasis on characterization. Specifically, the integrated nitrogen transformation pathways inside NRGS and the performance of NRGS treating various wastewaters are discussed. NRGS properties are categorized as physical-, chemical-, biological- and systematical ones, presenting current advances and corresponding characterization technologies. Finally, the future prospects for furthering the mechanistic understanding and engineering application of NRGS are proposed. Overall, the technological advancements in characterization have greatly contributed to understanding NRGS properties, which are potential factors for optimizing the performance and evaluating the working status of NRGS. This review will provide guidance in characterizing NRGS properties and boost the introduction of novel characterization technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaochuan Ran
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Mingda Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Tong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Weigang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Sheena Kumari
- Institute for Water and Wastewater Technology, Durban University of Technology, P.O. Box 1334, Durban 4000, South Africa
| | - Yayi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, China.
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14
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Wang WY, Wang R, Abbas G, Wang G, Zhao ZG, Deng LW, Wang L. Aggregation enhances the activity and growth rate of anammox bacteria and its mechanisms. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 291:132907. [PMID: 34780744 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.132907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The aggregation of anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) bacteria is important for the start-up and biomass retention of anammox processes. However, it is unclear whether it is beneficial to the activity, growth and reproduction of anammox bacteria. In this study, four reactor systems were developed to explore the effects of aggregation on anammox activity, growth and reproduction, after excluding the contribution of aggregation to sludge settling and retention. Results demonstrated that (i) compared with free-living planktonic bacteria, the aggregated bacteria had a higher volumetric nitrogen removal rate (0.75 kg-N/(m³·d)) and specific nitrogen removal activity (1.097 kg-N/VSS/d). And after 67 days cultivation, it had the higher sludge concentration and relative abundance (92.4%); (ii) compared with acidic polysaccharides and α-d-glucopyranose polysaccharides, β-d-glucopyranose polysaccharide play more essential roles of anammox aggregation; (iii) norspermidine triggered the secretion of α-d-glucopyranose polysaccharides to combat the toxicity, and inhibited biomass growth rate; (iv) immobilization in polyvinyl alcohol (10%) or sodium alginate (2%) gel beads was better than sodium alginate-chitosan gel beads and norspermidine (biofilm inhibitor) for the cultivation of free-living planktonic anammox bacteria. This is the first comparative study of three methods for cultivating free-living anammox bacteria. In conclusion, we found that the aggregation of anammox sludge not only facilitates biomass retention but also enhances the bioactivity, relative abundance, growth, and reproduction rate of anammox bacteria. The work is helpful to understand the formation of anammox granular sludge and contribute to the fast start-up and stable operation in anammox application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Yan Wang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, PR China.
| | - Ru Wang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, PR China.
| | - Ghulam Abbas
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Gujrat, Gujrat, 50700, Pakistan.
| | - Gang Wang
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, PR China.
| | - Zhi-Guo Zhao
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, 710055, PR China; China National Heavy Machinery Research Institute. Co., Ltd., Xi'an, 710055, PR China.
| | - Liang-Wei Deng
- Biogas Institute of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chengdu, 610041, PR China; Key Laboratory of Development and Application of Rural Renewable Energy, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chengdu, 610041, PR China.
| | - Lan Wang
- Biogas Institute of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chengdu, 610041, PR China; Key Laboratory of Development and Application of Rural Renewable Energy, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chengdu, 610041, PR China.
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