|
1
|
Pasta A, Calabrese F, Furnari M, Savarino EV, Visaggi P, Bodini G, Formisano E, Zentilin P, Giannini EG, Marabotto E. Endoscopic Management of Eosinophilic Esophagitis: A Narrative Review on Diagnosis and Treatment. J Clin Med 2025; 14:3756. [PMID: 40507518 PMCID: PMC12156368 DOI: 10.3390/jcm14113756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2025] [Revised: 05/09/2025] [Accepted: 05/20/2025] [Indexed: 06/16/2025] Open
Abstract
Eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is a chronic, immune-mediated disease characterized by esophageal eosinophilic infiltration, leading to symptoms such as dysphagia and food impaction. Endoscopy is central to both diagnosis and management, allowing for the direct visualization of characteristic features, biopsy collection, and therapeutic interventions. Despite its diagnostic value, up to one-third of patients may present with a normal-appearing esophagus, highlighting the importance of standardized scoring systems and a systematic biopsy approach. This review explores the evolving role of endoscopy in EoE, from traditional diagnostic methods to emerging technologies such as EndoFlip™ for assessing esophageal distensibility, transnasal endoscopy for non-sedated monitoring, and novel dilation techniques for fibrostenotic disease. Additionally, non-invasive biomarkers and minimally invasive tools are reshaping disease monitoring. By integrating endoscopic, histologic, and molecular approaches, future advancements may enhance diagnostic accuracy and optimize personalized treatment strategies for EoE.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Pasta
- Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy; (F.C.); (M.F.); (G.B.); (P.Z.); (E.M.)
- IRCCS Policlinic San Martino Hospital, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Francesco Calabrese
- Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy; (F.C.); (M.F.); (G.B.); (P.Z.); (E.M.)
- IRCCS Policlinic San Martino Hospital, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Manuele Furnari
- Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy; (F.C.); (M.F.); (G.B.); (P.Z.); (E.M.)
- IRCCS Policlinic San Martino Hospital, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Edoardo Vincenzo Savarino
- Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padua, 35128 Padua, Italy
- Gastroenterology Unit, University Hospital of Padua, 35128 Padua, Italy
| | - Pierfrancesco Visaggi
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy;
| | - Giorgia Bodini
- Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy; (F.C.); (M.F.); (G.B.); (P.Z.); (E.M.)
- IRCCS Policlinic San Martino Hospital, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | | | - Patrizia Zentilin
- Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy; (F.C.); (M.F.); (G.B.); (P.Z.); (E.M.)
- IRCCS Policlinic San Martino Hospital, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Edoardo Giovanni Giannini
- Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy; (F.C.); (M.F.); (G.B.); (P.Z.); (E.M.)
- IRCCS Policlinic San Martino Hospital, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| | - Elisa Marabotto
- Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy; (F.C.); (M.F.); (G.B.); (P.Z.); (E.M.)
- IRCCS Policlinic San Martino Hospital, 16132 Genoa, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
|
2
|
Hoskins B, Ng K. Complex Esophageal Stricture Managed with Balloon Dilation and Fully-Covered Metal Stent. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2024; 78:446-447. [PMID: 38374546 DOI: 10.1097/mpg.0000000000003940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Brett Hoskins
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Kenneth Ng
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| |
Collapse
|