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Ali R, Baban R, Ali S. The association between PON1 gene polymorphisms (Q192R and L55M) and nephrotic syndrome in Iraqi children. BAGHDAD JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY AND APPLIED BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES 2021. [DOI: 10.47419/bjbabs.v2i03.55] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The role of paraoxonase 1 enzyme (PON1) and its single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in children with nephrotic syndrome (NS) has been reported previously in different ethnic and racial groups with divergent results. The human PON1 gene contains two coding region polymorphisms leading to two different PON1 isoforms.
Objectives: The aim of the present study was to find out the association between the PON1 (Q192R and L55M) polymorphisms and their relation with serum PON1 activity as well as lipid profile tests (total cholesterol, TC; triglycerides, TG; high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, HDL-c; and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, LDL-c) in children with NS.
Methods: This study included a total of 80 participants (40 with NS in the age group of 2-14 years and 40 age and sex-matched healthy controls). The PON1 enzyme activity and lipid profile tests were measured in serum samples of all included participants. The PON1 genotype was determined by PCR-restriction enzyme fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) for both PON1 alleles (192 and 55) SNPs.
Results: Our findings showed that the mean levels of lipid profile tests (TC, TG, LDL-c) were significantly increased in patients when compared with healthy controls (p<0.05), while the HDL-c concentration was significantly decreased in patients than that of controls. Also, the patients had significantly lower concentrations of PON1 when compared with the controls regardless of the genotype Q192R and L55M polymorphisms. Moreover, the homozygous RR genotype for PON1 SNP 192 and MM homozygous genotype for PON1 SNP 55 were significantly frequent in patients when compared with the controls.
Conclusions: Our results support that the presence of the homozygous RR genotype for PON1 SNP 192 and MM homozygous genotype for PON1 SNP 55 were significantly higher in patients compared with the controls.
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Patil VP, Patil AB, Patil VS, Ingleshwar DG. Paraoxonase Activity and Lipid Profile in Paediatric Nephrotic Syndrome: A Cross-sectional Study. J Clin Diagn Res 2016; 10:BC17-20. [PMID: 27134858 DOI: 10.7860/jcdr/2016/18524.7440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2015] [Accepted: 01/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Dyslipidaemia of Nephrotic Syndrome (NS) is known to be linked to oxidative reactions and atherosclerosis. Paraoxonase (PON1) has been implicated in the prevention of Low Density Lipoprotein (LDL) lipid peroxidation and also degrades biologically active oxidised lipids in lipoprotein. AIM The present study was taken up to assess PON1 levels in paediatric nephrotic syndrome and also to see if any correlation exists between lipid parameters and PON1. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study consists of Group 1 with 40 cases of NS in the age group of 2-14 years and Group 2 with 40 age and sex matched healthy controls. Lipid profile and paraoxonase activity was measured in serum samples of both the groups. RESULTS Statistical analysis by student's t-test showed that the mean levels of Total Cholesterol, Trigylycerides, LDL, and VLDL were significantly increased in Group 1 when compared to Group 2 (p <0.001). The mean levels of HDL were similar in both groups. The levels of PON1 were significantly lowered in Group 1 when compared to Group 2. Correlation studies showed no significant correlation between lipid profile and PON1. CONCLUSION Cases have atherosclerotic dyslipidaemia and significantly decreased PON1 activity. Decreased PON1 may lead to increased oxidation of LDL accelerating the process of atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vijayetha P Patil
- Assistant Professor, Department of Biochemistry, SDM College of Medical Sciences and Hospital , Dharwad, Karnataka, India
| | - Anuradha B Patil
- Professor and Head, Department of Biochemistry, J.N. Medical College , Belgaum, Karnataka, India
| | - Vidya S Patil
- Professor and Head, Department of Biochemistry, SDM College of Medical Sciences and Hospital , Dharwad, Karnataka, India
| | - Deepti G Ingleshwar
- Assistant Professor, Department of Biochemistry, SDM College of Medical Sciences and Hospital , Dharwad, Karnataka, India
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Al-Eisa AA, Sukumaran VJ, Haider MZ. Paraoxnase1 Gene Polymorphism in Childhood Idiopathic Nephrotic Syndrome. Nephron Clin Pract 2016; 132:137-43. [PMID: 26780374 DOI: 10.1159/000442998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2015] [Accepted: 12/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Paraoxonase1 (PON1) is a serum enzyme bound to high-density lipoproteins with antioxidant properties. Molecular studies of PON1 revealed 2 polymorphic sites at amino acids 55 and 192 resulting in 2 different allozymes, the L and M-genotype at residue 55 and A and B at site 192, respectively. We have studied the association between PON1 gene polymorphisms and the minimal change nephrotic syndrome/focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (MCNS/FSGS) types of idiopathic nephrotic syndrome (INS) in Kuwaiti Arab children. METHODS The PON1 gene, 55 and 192 polymorphisms were analyzed in 50 children with INS (32 MSCN, 18 FSGS) and compared to 50 controls. Serum creatinine, albumin and lipids were measured in all subjects. RESULTS The LL genotype was detected in 50% of the INS patients compared to 48% of controls (p = 0.84). The heterozygous LM genotype was detected in 42% of INS patients compared 36% of controls (p = 0.68). The MM-genotype was detected in 8% of INS patients and 16% of controls (p = 0.35). The L-allele frequency in its homozygous and heterozygous forms was found in 71% of INS patients compared to 66% controls (p = 0.54). The L-allele frequency (LM and LL) was significantly higher in FSGS compared to MCNS patients (p = 0.0001) and when compared to controls (p = 0.0007). All patients and controls had the AA form of the 192 PON1 gene polymorphism. CONCLUSION Our data demonstrate a strong association between the L-allele of PON1 gene 55 polymorphism with FSGS in Kuwaiti Arab children with INS. PON1 genotyping can help in the early prediction of FSGS, which might guide clinicians to a better therapeutic approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amal A Al-Eisa
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, Safat, Kuwait
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Hashemi M, Sadeghi-Bojd S, Raeisi M, Moazeni-Roodi A. Evaluation of paraoxonase activity in children with nephrotic syndrome. Nephrourol Mon 2013; 5:978-82. [PMID: 24693505 PMCID: PMC3955290 DOI: 10.5812/numonthly.12606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2013] [Revised: 07/17/2013] [Accepted: 08/17/2013] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background It has been proposed that reactive oxygen species (ROS) is involved in the pathogenesis of various diseases. Paraoxonase, a high-density lipoprotein associated enzyme, prevents low-density lipoproteins from oxidation. Objectives The aim of the present study was to investigate the serum activities of paraoxonase-1 (PON-1), and aryleterase (ARE) as well as total antioxidant capacity (TAC) in children with nephrotic syndrome in acute and remission phase. Patients and Methods The study consisted of 20 patients in acute and remission phases and 23 healthy controls. PON-1 and ARE activities were determined spectrophotometrically using paraoxone and phenyacetate as substrate, respectively. TAC was measured using ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP). Results The levels of PON, ARE, and TAC were significantly lower in acute phase of nephrotic syndrome compared with the remission phase. The levels of PON, ARE and TAC increased in remission phase. Conclusions Our results revealed that the determination of paraoxonase activity might be a biomarker for responses to nephrotic syndrome treatment, which needs to be fully clarified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Hashemi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, IR Iran
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, IR Iran
- Corresponding author: Mohammad Hashemi, Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, IR Iran. Tel: +541-3414573, E-mail:
| | - Simin Sadeghi-Bojd
- Research Center for Children and Adolescents Health, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, IR Iran
- Department of Pediaterics, School of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, IR Iran
| | - Mohsen Raeisi
- Department of Pediaterics, School of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, IR Iran
| | - Abdolkarim Moazeni-Roodi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, IR Iran
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Choi HJ, Cho HY, Ro H, Lee SH, Han KH, Lee H, Kang HG, Ha IS, Choi Y, Cheong HI. Polymorphisms of the MDR1 and MIF genes in children with nephrotic syndrome. Pediatr Nephrol 2011; 26:1981-8. [PMID: 21553324 DOI: 10.1007/s00467-011-1903-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2011] [Revised: 04/13/2011] [Accepted: 04/14/2011] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Oral steroid treatment is the first line of therapy for childhood nephrotic syndrome (NS). Nonetheless, some patients are resistant to this treatment. Many efforts have been made to explain the differences in the response to steroid treatment in patients with NS based on the genetic background. We have investigated single nucleotide polymorphisms of the MDR1 [C1236T (rs1128503), G2677T/A (rs2032582), and C3435T (rs1045642)] and MIF (G-173C, rs755622) genes in 170 children with NS. Of these children, 69 (40.6%) were initial steroid non-responders, and 23 (13.5% of total) developed chronic kidney disease. Renal biopsy findings, which were available for 101 patients, showed that 35 patients had minimal change lesion and 66 had focal segmental glomerulosclerosis. The frequencies of the MDR1 1236 CC (18.8 vs 7.2%) or TC (53.5 vs 43.5%) genotype and C allele (45.5 vs 29.0%) were significantly higher in the initial steroid responders than in the non-responders. Analysis of MDR1 three-marker haplotypes revealed that the frequency of the TGC haplotype was significantly lower in the initial steroid responders than in the non-responders (15.8 vs 29.0%). There was no association between the MIF G-173C polymorphism and clinical parameters, renal histological findings, and steroid responsiveness. These data suggest that the initial steroid response in children with NS may be influenced by genetic variations in the MDR1 gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun Jin Choi
- Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University Children's Hospital, 101 Daehang-no, Jongno-Gu, Seoul 110-744, Korea
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Polymorphisms of pon1 and pon2 genes in hemodialyzed patients. Clin Biochem 2011; 44:964-8. [PMID: 21620813 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2011.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2011] [Revised: 03/27/2011] [Accepted: 05/09/2011] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Q192R, L55M and -108C>T polymorphisms of pon1 gene affect PON1 paraoxonase activity while S311C polymorphism of pon2 gene might be associated with coronary heart disease. The aims of this study were to determine the frequencies of Q192R, L55M, -108C>T and S311C polymorphisms in hemodialyzed patients and to examine the relationship between pon1 gene polymorphisms and PON1 paraoxonase activity in those patients. DESIGN AND METHODS The study included 238 control subjects and 263 hemodialyzed patients. RESULTS PON1 paraoxonase activity was lower in patients. Genotype frequencies were different between two compared groups only for L55M polymorphism, with control group having higher frequency of MM genotype. Polymorphisms of pon1 gene were associated with significant variation in PON1 paraoxonase activity in both study groups. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that Q192R, L55M and -108C>T polymorphisms are not by itself the causal factors leading to the lower PON1 paraoxonase activity in hemodialyzed patients.
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Fujihara J, Yasuda T, Kawai Y, Morikawa N, Arakawa K, Koda Y, Soejima M, Kimura-Kataoka K, Takeshita H. First survey of the three gene polymorphisms (PON1 Q192R, eNOS E298D and eNOS C-786T) potentially associated with coronary artery spasm in African populations and comparison with worldwide data. Cell Biochem Funct 2011; 29:156-63. [DOI: 10.1002/cbf.1721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2010] [Revised: 12/09/2010] [Accepted: 12/13/2010] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Cho HY, Choi HJ, Lee SH, Lee HK, Kang HK, Ha IS, Choi Y, Cheong HI. Polymorphisms of the NR3C1 gene in Korean children with nephrotic syndrome. KOREAN JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS 2009. [DOI: 10.3345/kjp.2009.52.11.1260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hee Yeon Cho
- Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University Children's Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyun Jin Choi
- Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University Children's Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - So Hee Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University Children's Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyun Kyung Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Seoul National University Children's Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hee Kyung Kang
- Kidney Research Institute, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Research Center for Rare Diseases, Seoul, Korea
| | - Il Soo Ha
- Kidney Research Institute, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yong Choi
- Kidney Research Institute, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hae Il Cheong
- Kidney Research Institute, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
- Research Center for Rare Diseases, Seoul, Korea
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