1
|
Martami F, Holton KF. Targeting Glutamate Neurotoxicity through Dietary Manipulation: Potential Treatment for Migraine. Nutrients 2023; 15:3952. [PMID: 37764736 PMCID: PMC10537717 DOI: 10.3390/nu15183952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Glutamate, the main excitatory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system, is implicated in both the initiation of migraine as well as central sensitization, which increases the frequency of migraine attacks. Excessive levels of glutamate can lead to excitotoxicity in the nervous system which can disrupt normal neurotransmission and contribute to neuronal injury or death. Glutamate-mediated excitotoxicity also leads to neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, blood-brain barrier permeability, and cerebral vasodilation, all of which are associated with migraine pathophysiology. Experimental evidence has shown the protective effects of several nutrients against excitotoxicity. The current review focuses on the mechanisms behind glutamate's involvement in migraines as well as a discussion on how specific nutrients are able to work towards restoring glutamate homeostasis. Understanding glutamate's role in migraine is of vital importance for understanding why migraine is commonly comorbid with widespread pain conditions and for informing future research directions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fahimeh Martami
- Department of Health Studies, American University, Washington, DC 20016, USA;
| | - Kathleen F. Holton
- Department of Health Studies, American University, Washington, DC 20016, USA;
- Department of Neuroscience, American University, Washington, DC 20016, USA
- Center for Neuroscience and Behavior, American University, Washington, DC 20016, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Rodrigues Tavares LR, Baptista-de-Souza D, Canto-de-Souza L, Planeta CDS, Guimarães FS, Nunes-de-Souza RL, Canto-de-Souza A. The Reversal of Empathy-Induced Hypernociception in Male Mice by Intra-Amygdala Administration of Midazolam and Cannabidiol Depends on 5-HT 3 Receptors. Cannabis Cannabinoid Res 2022; 8:335-347. [PMID: 36103283 DOI: 10.1089/can.2022.0132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Empathy is a fundamental prosocial behavior. It has been defined as perception, awareness, and understanding of others' emotional states, including painful processes. Mice living in pairs with conspecific chronic suffering from constriction injury exhibit pain hypersensitivity mediated by the amygdaloid complex. Nevertheless, the underlying mechanisms in the amygdala responsible for this response remain to be determined. This study investigated if the anxiolytic benzodiazepine midazolam (MDZ) and cannabidiol (CBD), a phytocannabinoid with multiple molecular targets, would attenuate this behavioral change. We also investigated if serotonergic and γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA)ergic mechanisms in the amygdala are involved in this effect. Materials and Methods: Male Swiss mice were housed in pairs for 28 days. The pairs were divided into two groups on the 14th day: cagemate nerve constriction and cagemate sham. On the 24th day, cagemates underwent a stereotaxic surgery and, on the 28th day, were evaluated on the writhing test. Results: The results showed that living with chronic pain leads to hypernociception in the cagemate and increases the expression of 5-HT3 receptor (5-HT3R) and glutamic acid decarboxylase 67 within the amygdala. MDZ (3.0 and 30 nmol) and CBD (30 and 60 nmol) attenuated the hypernociceptive behavior. The 5-HT3R antagonist ondansetron (0.3 nmol) prevented the antinociceptive effects of MDZ and CBD. Conclusion: These findings indicate that 5-HT3R and GABAergic mechanisms within the amygdala are involved in the pain hypersensitivity induced by the empathy for pain model. They also suggest that MDZ and CBD could be a new potential therapy to alleviate emotional pain disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lígia Renata Rodrigues Tavares
- Psychobiology Group, Department of Psychology/CECH-Federal University of São Carlos-UFSCar, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
- Joint Graduate Program in Physiological Sciences UFSCar/UNESP, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Daniela Baptista-de-Souza
- Psychobiology Group, Department of Psychology/CECH-Federal University of São Carlos-UFSCar, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
- Neuroscience and Behavioral Institute-INeC, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lucas Canto-de-Souza
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Cleopatra da Silva Planeta
- Joint Graduate Program in Physiological Sciences UFSCar/UNESP, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Francisco Silveira Guimarães
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Luiz Nunes-de-Souza
- Joint Graduate Program in Physiological Sciences UFSCar/UNESP, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
- Neuroscience and Behavioral Institute-INeC, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Azair Canto-de-Souza
- Psychobiology Group, Department of Psychology/CECH-Federal University of São Carlos-UFSCar, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
- Joint Graduate Program in Physiological Sciences UFSCar/UNESP, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
- Neuroscience and Behavioral Institute-INeC, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
- Program in Psychology UFSCar, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Petrenko AB, Yamakura T, Sakimura K, Baba H. Defining the role of NMDA receptors in anesthesia: Are we there yet? Eur J Pharmacol 2014; 723:29-37. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2013.11.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2013] [Revised: 11/05/2013] [Accepted: 11/24/2013] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
|