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Colonna S, Borghi C, Galvani M, D'Alessandro A. Immediate Effect of Simulated High Heels on Pelvic and Spinal Posture in Healthy Young Subjects: A Cross-Sectional Study. Cureus 2024; 16:e55586. [PMID: 38576640 PMCID: PMC10994651 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.55586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Investigations regarding the role of high-heeled shoes in the alteration of the spinopelvic profile attempted to identify a correlation with pain in the lower back. Conclusions from these studies, however, are controversial. In authors knowledge no studies were carried out to investigate the effect of heels on male population, which has been overlooked due to gender-related customs. Research question What is the immediate effect of the height of heels on the sagittal back profile (trunk inclination (TI), pelvic inclination, lordotic lumbar angle (ITL-ILS), kyphotic dorsal angle, lumbar arrow, and cervical arrow) in females and males, not used to wearing high-heeled shoes? Methods One hundred healthy young adult subjects were enrolled. Three were excluded. The remaining 97 subjects (48 female and 49 male) underwent a three-dimensional analysis of the posterior surface of the trunk, using rasterstereography. The spinopelvic profile in the barefoot condition, and with the heel raised by 3 and 7 cm, was recorded. To evaluate the reproducibility of the measure, the neutral evaluation was repeated twice in 23 subjects (13 males, 10 females). Results The change of heel height did not show statistically significant differences for any of the variables used; instead, significant differences were found stratifying the results according to the sex of the subjects tested. Test-retest evaluation in the neutral condition showed no significant differences using the Student's t-test (p > 0.05). Repeatability was excellent and significant for all data used (minimum TI r = 0.85, maximum ITL-ILS r = 0.97). Significance Studying the effect of heels on the spino-pelvic profile also in the male population is crucial for promoting gender-inclusive healthcare, enhancing occupational health practices and developing possible preventive measures. Nevertheless, in the sample of females and males evaluated in this study, the different heights of heel lift did not immediately induce significant changes in pelvis and spine posture. If there is therefore a correlation between low-back pain and the use of heels, it should not reasonably be sought in the immediate change of the spino-pelvic profile caused by raising the heels. However, the variables analyzed differed according to sex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saverio Colonna
- Osteopathic Spine Center Education (OSCE), Spine Center, Bologna, ITA
| | - Corrado Borghi
- Osteopathic Spine Center Education (OSCE), Spine Center, Bologna, ITA
| | - Matteo Galvani
- Osteopathic Spine Center Education (OSCE), Spine Center, Bologna, ITA
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Karpiel I, Ziębiński A, Kluszczyński M, Feige D. A Survey of Methods and Technologies Used for Diagnosis of Scoliosis. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 21:8410. [PMID: 34960509 PMCID: PMC8707023 DOI: 10.3390/s21248410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Revised: 12/04/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this article is to present diagnostic methods used in the diagnosis of scoliosis in the form of a brief review. This article aims to point out the advantages of select methods. This article focuses on general issues without elaborating on problems strictly related to physiotherapy and treatment methods, which may be the subject of further discussions. By outlining and categorizing each method, we summarize relevant publications that may not only help introduce other researchers to the field but also be a valuable source for studying existing methods, developing new ones or choosing evaluation strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilona Karpiel
- Łukasiewicz Research Network—Institute of Medical Technology and Equipment, 118 Roosevelt, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland;
| | - Adam Ziębiński
- Department of Distributed Systems and Informatic Devices, Silesian University of Technology, 16 Akademicka, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland;
| | - Marek Kluszczyński
- Department of Health Sciences, Jan Dlugosz University, 4/8 Waszyngtona, 42-200 Częstochowa, Poland;
| | - Daniel Feige
- Łukasiewicz Research Network—Institute of Medical Technology and Equipment, 118 Roosevelt, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland;
- Department of Distributed Systems and Informatic Devices, Silesian University of Technology, 16 Akademicka, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland;
- PhD School, Silesian University of Technology, 2A Akademicka, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
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Zemková E, Cepková A, Muyor JM. The association of reactive balance control and spinal curvature under lumbar muscle fatigue. PeerJ 2021; 9:e11969. [PMID: 34434668 PMCID: PMC8362667 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.11969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Although low back fatigue is an important intervening factor for physical functioning among sedentary people, little is known about its possible significance in relation to the spinal posture and compensatory postural responses to unpredictable stimuli. This study investigates the effect of lumbar muscle fatigue on spinal curvature and reactive balance control in response to externally induced perturbations. Methods A group of 38 young sedentary individuals underwent a perturbation-based balance test by applying a 2 kg load release. Sagittal spinal curvature and pelvic tilt was measured in both a normal and Matthiass standing posture both with and without a hand-held 2 kg load, and before and after the Sørensen fatigue test. Results Both the peak anterior and peak posterior center of pressure (CoP) displacements and the corresponding time to peak anterior and peak posterior CoP displacements significantly increased after the Sørensen fatigue test (all at p < 0.001). A lumbar muscle fatigue led to a decrease of the lumbar lordosis in the Matthiass posture while holding a 2 kg load in front of the body when compared to pre-fatigue conditions both without a load (p = 0.011, d = 0.35) and with a 2 kg load (p = 0.000, d = 0.51). Also the sacral inclination in the Matthiass posture with a 2 kg additional load significantly decreased under fatigue when compared to all postures in pre-fatigue conditions (p = 0.01, d = 0.48). Contrary to pre-fatigue conditions, variables of the perturbation-based balance test were closely associated with those of lumbar curvature while standing in the Matthiass posture with a 2 kg additional load after the Sørensen fatigue test (r values in range from −0.520 to −0.631, all at p < 0.05). Conclusion These findings indicate that lumbar muscle fatigue causes changes in the lumbar spinal curvature and this is functionally relevant in explaining the impaired ability to maintain balance after externally induced perturbations. This emphasizes the importance for assessing both spinal posture and reactive balance control under fatigue in order to reveal their interrelations in young sedentary adults and predict any significant deterioration in later years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika Zemková
- Department of Biological and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, Comenius University Bratislava, Bratislava, Slovakia.,Sports Technology Institute, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology, Slovak University of Technology, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Alena Cepková
- Centre of Languages and Sports, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Slovak University of Technology, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - José M Muyor
- Laboratory of Kinesiology, Biomechanics and Ergonomics, Health Research Centre, University of Almería, Almería, Spain
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Wilczyński J, Karolak P. Relationship Between Electromyographic Frequency of the Erector Spinae and Location, Direction, and Number of Spinal Curvatures in Children with Scoliotic Changes. Risk Manag Healthc Policy 2021; 14:1881-1896. [PMID: 34007226 PMCID: PMC8121675 DOI: 10.2147/rmhp.s302360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The aim of the study was to assess the relationship between erector spinae electromyographic frequency (SEMG) and the location, direction and number of spinal curvatures in children with scoliotic changes. METHODS Analysis comprised 103 (42,21%) children with scoliosis and 141 (57.79%) with scoliotic posture. Body posture and the spine were examined using the Diers formetric III 4D optoelectronic method. Electromyographic analysis was performed using a 14-channel Noraxon TeleMyo DTS apparatus. RESULTS In girls, the highest mean SEMG frequency of the erector spinae, calculated from 16 measurements, occurred in the case of scoliotic posture (Mean = 73.69 Hz), while in boys, the greatest values were noted for scoliosis (Mean = 79.75 Hz). There was a significant correlation between erector spinae SEMG frequency and curvature location, both in the scoliosis group (p = 0.003) and in the group with scoliotic posture (p = 0.04). There was also a significant correlation between SEMG frequency of the erector spinae and direction of the curvature, both in the scoliosis (p = 0.01) and scoliotic posture groups (p = 0.04), as well as between the erector spinae SEMG frequency and the number of spinal curvatures (scoliosis group: p = 0.03; scoliotic posture group: p = 0.03). CONCLUSION The study is of applicative value and fills the gap in research on erector spinae SEMG frequency of in low-grade scoliosis among small children. Our research can also be used in research on the etiology and progression scoliosis. Visible disturbances in the erector spinae SEMG frequency (activity and tension) contribute to the development of curvature and testify to the fact that these changes are the primary cause of idiopathic scoliosis. Scoliosis is merely a symptom, an external expression of CNS dysfunction that is not fully recognised. It is also visible on the SEMG record of postural muscles. Our objective is to contribute to creating a future model record for SEMG of the postural muscles, characteristic for children with scoliosis. Then, based on electromyographic examination, it will be possible to identify initial symptoms of scoliosis and start preventive rehabilitation before irreversible bone changes occur.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacek Wilczyński
- Laboratory of Posturology, Collegium Medicum, Jan Kochanowski University in Kielce, Kielce, Poland
| | - Przemysław Karolak
- Laboratory of Posturology, Collegium Medicum, Jan Kochanowski University in Kielce, Kielce, Poland
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Betsch M, Kalbhen K, Michalik R, Schenker H, Gatz M, Quack V, Siebers H, Wild M, Migliorini F. The influence of smartphone use on spinal posture - A laboratory study. Gait Posture 2021; 85:298-303. [PMID: 33640863 DOI: 10.1016/j.gaitpost.2021.02.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Revised: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Smartphones have become increasingly more popular and complicated tasks can be performed with these devices. However, the increasing use is associated with shoulder and neck pain, as well as with psychological addiction. RESEARCH QUESTION Do different smartphone tasks lead to changes in spinal posture and pelvic position? Is there a relationship between smartphone addiction and changes in posture? METHODS A cross-sectional study including 50 participants was performed. Test subjects completed the Smartphone Addiction Scale and the SF-36 health questionnaire. Subjects spinal posture and pelvic position during different smartphone tasks were measured through a surface topography system. The different tasks were: standing in an upright position, simulating a phone call, texting with one or two hands during standing or while walking on a treadmill. Paired T-tests and ANOVA tests were performed to evaluate differences. The Kendall rank test was used to investigate the association between clinical scores and changes in spinal posture. RESULTS All smartphone tasks lead to a significant increase in thoracic kyphosis and trunk inclination during standing and while walking. A significant increased lumbar lordosis was also found. Texting with one or two hands correlated with increased surface rotation. No associations between smartphone addiction and changes of the spinal posture were reported. SIGNIFICANCE This represents the first surface topography study that investigated the influence of different smartphone tasks on the spinal posture and pelvic position during standing and while walking. With the results of this study we demonstrated that smartphone use leads to significant changes of sagittal and frontal spine parameters. Further research should focus on the evaluation of possible detrimental effects of long-term smartphone use on the spinal posture and on the development of preventive measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcel Betsch
- University of Toronto Orthopaedic Sports Medicine Program (UTOSM), Women's College Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery, University Hospital Mannheim, Medical Faculty University Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany.
| | - Kyra Kalbhen
- Department of Orthopaedics, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Roman Michalik
- Department of Orthopaedics, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Hanno Schenker
- Department of Orthopaedics, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Mattias Gatz
- Department of Orthopaedics, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Valentin Quack
- Department of Orthopaedics, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Hannah Siebers
- Department of Orthopaedics, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
| | - Michael Wild
- Department of Orthopaedics, Trauma and Hand Surgery, Klinikum Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Filippo Migliorini
- Department of Orthopaedics, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
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Applebaum A, Ference R, Cho W. Evaluating the role of surface topography in the surveillance of scoliosis. Spine Deform 2020; 8:397-404. [PMID: 31965557 DOI: 10.1007/s43390-019-00001-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2019] [Accepted: 10/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
STUDY DESIGN Literature review. OBJECTIVE To review the history, modern uses, limitations, and future direction of surface topography (ST) in surveillance of scoliosis. Spinal deformities, including scoliosis, can be characterized using measurements such as the Cobb angle, lateral curvature, and vertebral rotation. The gold standard for diagnosis and surveillance of such deformities utilizes radiographic images. To minimize repeated radiation exposure, many systems have been developed utilizing ST. ST measures local deviations of a surface from a flat plane. Applying this concept to spinal deformities, ST can non-radiographically study the 3-dimensional shape of the back. One ST system, rasterstereography, projects parallel white light lines onto a patient's back and analyzes line distortion with a camera. While radiography has long been considered the primary diagnostic tool for scoliosis, rasterstereography may possess alternative or complementary benefits in monitoring scoliosis and other diseases. METHODS A comprehensive literature review was performed on the history, development, and validity of ST. The advantages and limitations of this technique were compared to those of radiography. RESULTS While the initial goal of ST, designing a system to accurately reproduce the Cobb angle, was not successful, research efforts over the last 40 years have attempted to improve this correlation. ST technologies, including rasterstereography and the Formetric ST System, currently play important roles in scoliosis surveillance, research, and minimizing radiation exposure in longitudinal care of patients. Such technologies are also useful as an adjunct to X-rays for monitoring disease progression, especially in Parkinson's disease. CONCLUSION Despite its limitations, ST has proven useful across multiple fields of medicine. It is a safe and cost-effective tool for long-term surveillance of scoliosis and early detection of progressive disease. With technological improvements, the Formetric System will become a critical alternative in dynamic spinal motion and gait analysis. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE N/A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariella Applebaum
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Montefiore Medical Center/Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA.
| | - Ryan Ference
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Montefiore Medical Center/Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Woojin Cho
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Montefiore Medical Center/Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
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Krott NL, Wild M, Betsch M. Meta-analysis of the validity and reliability of rasterstereographic measurements of spinal posture. EUROPEAN SPINE JOURNAL : OFFICIAL PUBLICATION OF THE EUROPEAN SPINE SOCIETY, THE EUROPEAN SPINAL DEFORMITY SOCIETY, AND THE EUROPEAN SECTION OF THE CERVICAL SPINE RESEARCH SOCIETY 2020; 29:2392-2401. [PMID: 32277336 DOI: 10.1007/s00586-020-06402-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2020] [Revised: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 03/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We provide a meta-analysis for clinicians and researchers regarding reliability and validity of rasterstereographic measurement of the spinal posture. METHOD A comprehensive PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) literature search identified 19 eligible studies evaluating reliability and validity of static rasterstereographic measurements in healthy subjects and patients with different spinal pathologies. RESULTS Our meta-analysis suggests that rasterstereography is a reliable and valid instrument to assess spinal posture parameters, especially thoracic kyphosis, lumbar lordosis, and scoliosis, reliability overall effect sizes rs > .91, ps < .001, validity overall effect sizes rs > 70, ps < .001, when compared to traditional radiological imaging techniques. Validity is higher in scoliosis patients compared with healthy controls. Limitations are a lack of reported statistics of the included studies and small sample sizes. CONCLUSION The first meta-analysis on reliability and validity of rasterstereography shows satisfactory results. Rasterstereography thus presents a reliable and valid alternative to classic radiological imaging technique to assess and evaluate spinal posture in patients with spinal pathologies. Further studies are needed, focusing on the measurement properties of both static and dynamic rasterstereographic measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolas Leon Krott
- Department of Orthopaedics, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany.
| | - Michael Wild
- Department of Orthopaedics Trauma and Hand Surgery, Klinikum Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Marcel Betsch
- Department of Orthopaedics, University Hospital RWTH Aachen, Aachen, Germany
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Evaluation of Anterior-Posterior Spine Curvatures and Incidence of Sagittal Defects in Children and Adolescents Practicing Traditional Karate. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2019; 2019:9868473. [PMID: 31183382 PMCID: PMC6512051 DOI: 10.1155/2019/9868473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Accepted: 04/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Background and Study Aim To evaluate anterior-posterior spine curvatures and incidence of sagittal defects in children and adolescents practicing traditional Karate. Material and Methods 152 people aged 6-16 yrs, mean age 10.5±3.03. The study group (SG), subjects attending traditional Karate classes for min one year, 60 minutes twice a week (76 people). The control group (CG) randomly selected on 1:1 basis to match SG. The anterior-posterior curvatures were measured with a gravitational inclinometer. Sauder's norms were used to assess postural defects. Body mass, height, and BMI were measured. Mann-Whitney U-test/Student's t-test for independent variables, χ2 test, and Cramer V test were used in statistical analysis. Results Significant differences were observed between the groups in lumbosacral inclination ALPHA1 p<0.001; karateka had significantly lower ALPHA 1 and greater thoracic inclination (GAMMA TH/L) p=0.23. In study group, lumbosacral angle flattening (ALPHA 2) (81.6%) was greater than in CG (56.6%). ALPHA 2 (43.4%) was more frequently within the norm in CG. Increased ALPHA 2 was reported only among SG (2.6%). Differences were statistically significant (χ2 (2) = 15.23 p<0.001) and of moderate power (Cramer V=0.31). Regarding thoracic kyphosis and lumbar lordosis, there were no statistically significant differences between the groups. Conclusions Traditional Karate affects pelvic tilt leading to posterior tilt; it correlates with somatic parameters: height, mass, and BMI in terms of spine curvatures. The size of the lumbar lordosis and thoracic kyphosis in karatekas is comparable to that of those not practicing sport. Frequent incidence of reduced pelvic tilt in karatekas requires implementing exercises activating anterior tilt during training session.
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Spinal posture changes using dynamic rasterstereography during the modified Matthiass test discriminate between postural weak and strong healthy children (10-14 years): a pilot study. Eur J Pediatr 2018; 177:1327-1334. [PMID: 29934774 DOI: 10.1007/s00431-018-3186-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2018] [Revised: 05/17/2018] [Accepted: 06/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this pilot study was to investigate whether the clinical Matthiass test can be objectified by means of dynamic rasterstereography in children. We aimed at discriminating between postural weak and strong children. Dynamic rasterstereography was used to capture sagittal spinal posture changes during the modified Matthiass test (mMT). Primary outcomes were spinal posture changes (trunk inclination, kyphotic and lordotic angles) during the test. Two-step cluster analysis was run jointly on the three primary outcomes. Data of 101 healthy children (10-14 years, 46% girls) were assessed. Cluster analysis identified two groups of participants with significantly different postural performance levels during the mMT (low vs. high performers). Low performers showed a higher increase in backward lean, as well as kyphosis and lordosis (4°-5°, respectively) when compared to high performers. The two performance groups were age-, BMI-, and activity-matched.Conclusion: This pilot study established preliminary normative data on spinal posture changes during the Matthiass test (high performers) and provided corresponding cutoff values for postural weakness (low performers). These results could provide a basis for future longitudinal and interventional studies targeting long-term consequences of childhood postural weakness and the prevention of back pain. What is Known: • The prevalence of postural insufficiencies in children is high. • No consensus exists about the postural assessment in children. • A common clinical test to identify postural insufficiency is the Matthiass test yet criticized for its subjective assessment. What is New: • This pilot study objectified the modified Matthiass test by rasterstereography and statistically identified two groups of healthy children with different postural performance levels. • It established preliminary normative data on spinal posture changes and provided corresponding cutoff values for postural weakness.
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Albertsen IM, Dettmann K, Babin K, Stücker R, Schröder J, Zech A, Hollander K. Spinal postural changes during the modified Matthiass test in healthy children : Interday and interrater reliability of dynamic rasterstereographic measurements. DER ORTHOPADE 2018; 47:567-573. [PMID: 29594328 DOI: 10.1007/s00132-018-3558-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The Matthiass test serves to identify postural insufficiencies by evaluating the sagittal posture but this subjective assessment may be responsible for different reports on the prevalence of postural insufficiencies in children. Previously, rasterstereography was used to objectify this clinical test. Until now, the coupling of the Matthiass test with rasterstereography has not yet been applied to children and the reliability is unknown; therefore, the objective of our study was to provide interday and interrater reliability of rasterstereographic measurements during dynamic (modified Matthiass test) and static trials (only interday) in healthy children. METHODS Trunk inclination, kyphotic, and lordotic angles were measured using rasterstereography during static and dynamic trials (modified Matthiass test: 90° shoulder flexion, hand-held load, 5% of body weight). Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) were calculated using a two-way mixed model (absolute agreement, average measure). RESULTS In this study 21 healthy children were assessed (age range 10-12 years). Dynamic rasterstereographic measurements showed fair to good interday and interrater reliability (ICC 0.46-0.70) and static measurements good to excellent interday reliability (ICC 0.63-0.91). CONCLUSION Dynamic rasterstereography during the modified Matthiass test furnishes reliable data serving to objectify spinal changes of healthy children and detect postural insufficiencies. Additional efforts are needed to investigate how the early detection of postural insufficiencies can help to prevent back pain in children, adolescents and adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inke Marie Albertsen
- Department of Pediatric Orthopedics, Altona Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Bleickenallee 38, 22763, Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Kristina Dettmann
- Department of Sports and Exercise Medicine, Institute of Human Movement Science, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Kornelia Babin
- Department of Pediatric Orthopedics, Altona Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Bleickenallee 38, 22763, Hamburg, Germany.,Department of Orthopedics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ralf Stücker
- Department of Pediatric Orthopedics, Altona Children's Hospital, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Bleickenallee 38, 22763, Hamburg, Germany.,Department of Orthopedics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jan Schröder
- Department of Sports and Exercise Medicine, Institute of Human Movement Science, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Astrid Zech
- Department of Sport Science, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
| | - Karsten Hollander
- Department of Sports and Exercise Medicine, Institute of Human Movement Science, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
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Feng Q, Jiang C, Zhou Y, Huang Y, Zhang M. Relationship between spinal morphology and function and adolescent non-specific back pain: A cross-sectional study. J Back Musculoskelet Rehabil 2017; 30:625-633. [PMID: 28234252 DOI: 10.3233/bmr-160544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Non-specific back pain has become a public health problem affecting adolescent health. OBJECTIVE To examine the relationships between abnormalities in spinal morphology and non-specific back pain among adolescents. DESIGN Cross-sectional study. SETTING Junior and senior high schools. PATIENTS Participants were screened using a questionnaire regarding back pain. Students in the pain group (n= 273, 121 boys and 152 girls) reported experiencing upper and/or lower back pain within the previous month, and those who did not report pain were assigned to the group without pain (n= 127, 63 boys and 64 girls). Participants who had experienced acute upper and/or lower back injuries within the previous month or received a definitive diagnose of disease were excluded. METHODS The SpinalMouse® was used to measure the thoracic kyphosis angle (TKA), lumbar lordosis angle (LLA), sacrum/hip angle (SA), and incline angle (INA) in both the standing position and sitting position. The SpinalMouse® also was used to measure the sacral, thoracic, and lumbar range of motion (ROM) in the fully flexed position and fully extended position in the sagittal plane. The thoracic and lumbar ROM in left/right lateral flexion was recorded. The Matthiass test was used to assess changes in the measured angles upon loading. RESULTS Among junior high school students, 47.0% of boys and 53% of girls had an abnormal TKA. Among senior high school students, 52.6% of boys and 46.99% of girls had an abnormal TKA. The incidence of LLA abnormality was significantly higher among junior high boys than girls (p< 0.05), as was the incidence of hypolordosis (p< 0.05). Significantly fewer senior high boys than girls had a normal LLA value (p< 0.05). An excessive TKA (p< 0.05, odds ratio = 1.236) and limited lumbar ROM (p< 0.01, odds ratio = 0.975) were correlated with back pain in adolescents. CONCLUSIONS The incidences of TKA and LLA abnormality are high among Chinese adolescents, and an excessive TKA and insufficient total lumbar ROM may be risk factors for non-specific back pain in adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Feng
- China Institute of Sport Science, Beijing, China
| | | | - Yu Zhou
- National Institute of Education Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yun Huang
- Guangxi College of Sports and Physical Education, Guangxi, China
| | - Ming Zhang
- China Institute of Sport Science, Beijing, China
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Feng Q, Wang M, Zhang Y, Zhou Y. The effect of a corrective functional exercise program on postural thoracic kyphosis in teenagers: a randomized controlled trial. Clin Rehabil 2017; 32:48-56. [PMID: 28610442 DOI: 10.1177/0269215517714591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of a corrective functional exercise program on postural thoracic kyphosis in teenagers in China. DESIGN A single-blind randomized controlled trial including students with a thoracic kyphosis angle (TKA) >40° measured using the SpinalMouse. SETTING China Institute of Sport Science and three middle schools in Beijing, China. SUBJECTS A total of 181 subjects were included in this trial; of these, 164 subjects were included in the analyses (intervention group, n = 81; control group, n = 83). INTERVENTION The intervention group received a functional exercise program designed to correct postural thoracic kyphosis, and the control group received an exercise program designed in accordance with the state-regulated curriculum. MAIN MEASURES The primary outcome variable was TKA. Secondary outcome variables were lumbar lordosis angle (LLA), sacral angle (SA), and incline angle (INA) measured in the upright position; thoracic, lumbar, and sacral spine range of motion (ROM) and INA ROM (change in center of gravity) measured in the forward bending and extended positions; and changes in TKA, LLA, SA, and INA measured during the Matthiass test. RESULTS There were significant differences in pretest and posttest TKA in both groups (intervention group: pretest 47.09 ± 5.45, posttest 38.31 ± 9.18, P < 0.0001; control group: pretest 47.47 ± 6.06, posttest 43.59 ± 7.49, P < 0.0001). After adjustment for gender and pretest values, there were significant differences in posttest TKA, change in SA, and thoracic ROM in the intervention group compared to the control group ( P < 0.05). CONCLUSION The corrective functional exercise program designed for this study improved exaggerated thoracic kyphosis in teenagers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Feng
- 1 China Institute of Sport Science, Beijing, China
| | - Mei Wang
- 1 China Institute of Sport Science, Beijing, China
| | | | - Yu Zhou
- 2 National Institute of Education Sciences, Beijing, China
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Ohlendorf D, Mickel C, Filmann N, Wanke EM, Groneberg DA. Standard values of the upper body posture and postural control: a study protocol. J Occup Med Toxicol 2016; 11:34. [PMID: 27429641 PMCID: PMC4947251 DOI: 10.1186/s12995-016-0122-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2016] [Accepted: 06/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Decisions on orthopedic interventions on upper body posture and its control have usually resulted from comparisons with the healthy state. Therefore, practitioners as well as scientists in human movement science or orthopedics need access to such kind of data which are patient-centered and well measured. Until now, these data have been missing concerning upper body posture as well as postural control and their control. That is why the aim of the current project is to measure these data with healthy participants across the lifespan. Results For standard value determination tolerance range and confidence intervals will be calculated. In addition, Pearson- or Spearman-Rank correlations will be used as well as two-sample-t-tests or Mann-Whitney-U-tests for specific group differences. All tests will be two-sided with the level of significance of 5 %. Discussion This project aims at improving classifications in adaptations of upper body posture and postural control. Measured standard values have not been determined before to this extent. Therefore, interventional effects may become better quantifiable and justiciable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Ohlendorf
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environmental Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt/Main, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, Building 9A, Frankfurt/Main, 60590 Germany
| | - Christoph Mickel
- Institute of Sport Sciences, Goethe-University Frankfurt/Main, Ginnheimer Landstraße 39, Frankfurt/Main, 60487 Germany
| | - Natalie Filmann
- Institute of Biostatistics and Mathematical Modeling, Goethe-University, Frankfurt/Main, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, Building 11, Frankfurt/Main, 60590 Germany
| | - Eileen M Wanke
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environmental Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt/Main, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, Building 9A, Frankfurt/Main, 60590 Germany
| | - David A Groneberg
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Social Medicine and Environmental Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt/Main, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, Building 9A, Frankfurt/Main, 60590 Germany
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Betsch M, Schneppendahl J, Dor L, Jungbluth P, Grassmann JP, Windolf J, Thelen S, Hakimi M, Rapp W, Wild M. Influence of foot positions on the spine and pelvis. Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken) 2011; 63:1758-65. [DOI: 10.1002/acr.20601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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The effect of simulating leg length inequality on spinal posture and pelvic position: a dynamic rasterstereographic analysis. EUROPEAN SPINE JOURNAL : OFFICIAL PUBLICATION OF THE EUROPEAN SPINE SOCIETY, THE EUROPEAN SPINAL DEFORMITY SOCIETY, AND THE EUROPEAN SECTION OF THE CERVICAL SPINE RESEARCH SOCIETY 2011; 21:691-7. [PMID: 21769443 DOI: 10.1007/s00586-011-1912-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2010] [Revised: 06/29/2011] [Accepted: 07/05/2011] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Leg length inequalities (LLI) are a common finding. Rasterstereography offers a non-invasive, contact-free and reliable method to detect the effects of LLIs on spinal posture and pelvic position. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 115 subjects were rasterstereographically examined during different artificially created leg length inequalities (5-15 mm) using a platform. The pelvic obliquity and torsion and the lateral and frontal deviation of the spine, as well as the surface rotation, were measured. RESULTS Changes in platform height led to an increase of the pelvic tilt and torsion. Only minor changes in the spinal posture were found by different simulated leg length inequalities. CONCLUSIONS Our study showed that there was a correlation between an artificial leg length inequality up to 15 mm and pelvic tilt or torsion, but only minor changes in the spinal posture were measured. Further studies should investigate the effects of greater leg length inequalities on spine and pelvis.
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Betsch M, Wild M, Jungbluth P, Hakimi M, Windolf J, Haex B, Horstmann T, Rapp W. Reliability and validity of 4D rasterstereography under dynamic conditions. Comput Biol Med 2011; 41:308-12. [PMID: 21489425 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2011.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2010] [Revised: 12/13/2010] [Accepted: 03/18/2011] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Purpose of this study was to evaluate the reliability and validity of 4D rasterstereography under dynamic conditions. Therefore simulated anatomical fixed points on a wooden plate were measured during different movements. Seven different motion patterns in all three angles of space were evaluated. The simulated parameter trunk length was measured with an accuracy of 3.58 mm (SD±3.29 mm) and the dimple distance was detected with an accuracy of 0.88 mm (SD±1.04 mm). With this rasterstereographic prototype it is possible to examine dynamically the spinal posture with adequate accuracy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcel Betsch
- Heinrich Heine University Hospital, Department of Trauma and Hand Surgery, Moorenstrasse 5, D-40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
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