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Alessi J, Jaeger EH, de Oliveira GB, Erthal IN, Teixeira JB, Scherer GDLG, de Carvalho TR, Schaan BD, Telo GH. Adjusting to the "new normal": How were mental health and self-care affected in patients with diabetes mellitus 1 year into the COVID-19 crisis? A longitudinal study. J Health Psychol 2023; 28:1293-1306. [PMID: 37086022 PMCID: PMC10125895 DOI: 10.1177/13591053231164496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/23/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to assess the long-term effect of the pandemic on mental health and self-care parameters in patients with diabetes during the COVID-19 pandemic in Brazil. After 18 months of pandemic, 118 participants remained in the study (mean age of 56.6 ± 13.4 years, 66.7% were women). We observed no change in the scores for mental health disorders screening. Regarding self-care, patients with type 1 diabetes showed an improvement in the adherence score compared to those found at the beginning of the pandemic (variation + 3.5 (-6.0 to +15.8) points, p = 0.02), and also compared to those with type 2 diabetes. Although the pandemic have negatively affected many people's mental health, especially in those with chronic diseases, our results show that patients with diabetes may have developed good coping and adaptive strategies to maintain diabetes control and symptom pattern of mental health disorders over the course of the pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janine Alessi
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do
Sul, Brazil
- Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio
Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Beatriz D Schaan
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do
Sul, Brazil
- Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre,
Brazil
| | - Gabriela H Telo
- Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio
Grande do Sul, Brazil
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Zheng X, Liu Q, Tao Z, Peng L, Chen H, Tang Y. Caregivers' experiences of caring for non-COVID-19 patients during the pandemic: A qualitative systematic review. PATIENT EDUCATION AND COUNSELING 2023; 115:107872. [PMID: 37413807 DOI: 10.1016/j.pec.2023.107872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate caregivers' experiences of caring for non-coronavirus disease (COVID-19) patients to determine their challenges and needs. METHODS Five electronic databases (PubMed, Web of Science, Ovid, CINAHL, and ClinicalKey) were searched from January 2020 to June 2022. Two authors independently reviewed all studies for eligibility and extracted information on the study aim, sample characteristics, study design, data collection, analysis methods, and so on. RESULTS Finally, 13 studies were included. Four themes were determined: impacts on physical and psychosocial well-being of caregivers, perceived risk of the virus, negative impacts on employment and financial statuses, and changes in support networks. CONCLUSION This is the first qualitative systematic review to describe caregivers' experiences of caring for non-COVID-19 patients during the pandemic. The four themes should be focused on to ease caregivers' physical, psychological, and financial burdens; to provide them with better assistance in terms of formal and informal supports to cope with the epidemic more effectively; and to ensure that their loved ones are much healthier. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS The findings can be used by healthcare policymakers, social policymakers, and governments to better support caregivers of non-COVID-19 patients. Additionally, it provides suggestions for related medical institutions to pay more attention to caregivers' experiences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xilin Zheng
- Department of Nursing Teaching and Research, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China; Xiangya School of Nursing, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Qingqing Liu
- Department of Nursing Teaching and Research, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China; Xiangya School of Nursing, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zirong Tao
- Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.
| | - Lingli Peng
- Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China; National Research Center on Aging, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.
| | - Hua Chen
- Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yunhong Tang
- Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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Shi Y, Wu LQ, Wei P, Liao ZH. Children with type 1 diabetes in COVID-19 pandemic: Difficulties and solutions. World J Clin Pediatr 2022; 11:408-418. [PMID: 36185098 PMCID: PMC9516491 DOI: 10.5409/wjcp.v11.i5.408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2022] [Revised: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Children/adolescents with type 1 diabetes (T1D) require holistic approach and continuous care. However, the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has made challenges for the T1D children and their caregivers, professionals, and the healthcare system. This minireview aims to consolidate and discuss the difficulties and solutions of children with type 1 diabetes in the COVID-19 pandemic. T1D has been the most common type of diabetes in children and adolescents and the last decades has seen a rapid increase in the prevalence of T1D in youths worldwide, which deserves a public concern particularly in the COVID-19 pandemic. As reported in previous studies, T1D is a risk factor related to severe cases, while the virus may induce new-onset diabetes and serious complications. Moreover, restriction strategies influence medical availability and lifestyle, impact glycemic control and compilation management, and thus pose stress on families and health providers of youths with T1D, especially on those with certain fragile conditions. Therefore, special treatment plans are required for children provided by caregivers and the local health system. Latest health tools such as improved medical devices and telemedicine service, as well as a combined support may benefit in this period. This minireview emphasises that continued medical access and support are required to prevent deteriorated condition of children and adolescents with diabetes throughout this pandemic. Therefore, strategies are supposed to be formulated to mitigate the difficulties and stress among this group, particularly in the most at-risk population. Proposed solutions in this minireview may help individuals and the health system to overcome these problems and help youths with T1D in better diabetes management during such emergency situations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Shi
- Second Clinical Medical College, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100078, China
| | - Li-Qun Wu
- Second Clinical Medical College, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100078, China
| | - Peng Wei
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Ze-Huan Liao
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637551, Singapore
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm 17177, Sweden
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McNulty C, Sides E, Thomas A, Kamal A, Syeda RB, Kaissi A, Lecky DM, Patel M, Campos-Matos I, Shukla R, Brown CS, Pareek M, Sollars L, Nellums L, Greenway J, Jones LF. Public views of and reactions to the COVID-19 pandemic in England: a qualitative study with diverse ethnicities. BMJ Open 2022; 12:e061027. [PMID: 35977758 PMCID: PMC9388716 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2022-061027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To explore public reactions to the COVID-19 pandemic across diverse ethnic groups. DESIGN Remote qualitative interviews and focus groups in English or Punjabi. Data were transcribed and analysed through inductive thematic analysis. SETTING England and Wales, June to October 2020. PARTICIPANTS 100 participants from 19 diverse 'self-identified' ethnic groups. RESULTS Dismay, frustration and altruism were reported across all ethnic groups during the first 6-9 months of the COVID-19 pandemic. Dismay was caused by participants' reported individual, family and community risks, and loss of support networks. Frustration was caused by reported lack of recognition of the efforts of ethnic minority groups (EMGs), inaction by government to address COVID-19 and inequalities, rule breaking by government advisors, changing government rules around: border controls, personal protective equipment, social distancing, eating out, and perceived poor communication around COVID-19 and the Public Health England COVID-19 disparities report (leading to reported increased racism and social isolation). Altruism was felt by all, in the resilience of National Health Service (NHS) staff and their communities and families pulling together. Data, participants' suggested actions and the behaviour change wheel informed suggested interventions and policies to help control COVID-19. CONCLUSION To improve trust and compliance future reports or guidance should clearly explain any stated differences in health outcomes by ethnicity or other risk group, including specific messages for these groups and concrete actions to minimise any risks. Messaging should reflect the uncertainty in data or advice and how guidance may change going forward as new evidence becomes available. A contingency plan is needed to mitigate the impact of COVID-19 across all communities including EMGs, the vulnerable and socially disadvantaged individuals, in preparation for any rise in cases and for future pandemics. Equality across ethnicities for healthcare is essential, and the NHS and local communities will need to be supported to attain this.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cliodna McNulty
- Antimicrobial Resistance and Healthcare Associated Infections Reference Unit, Public Health England, London, UK
- Primary Care and Interventions Unit, Public Health England, Gloucester, UK
| | - Eirwen Sides
- Primary Care and Interventions Unit, Public Health England, Gloucester, UK
| | - Amy Thomas
- Primary Care and Interventions Unit, Public Health England, Gloucester, UK
| | - Atiya Kamal
- Department of Psychology, Birmingham City University, Birmingham, UK
| | - Rowshonara B Syeda
- Primary Care and Interventions Unit, Public Health England, Gloucester, UK
| | - Awatif Kaissi
- Primary Care and Interventions Unit, Public Health England, Gloucester, UK
| | - Donna M Lecky
- Primary Care and Interventions Unit, Public Health England, Gloucester, UK
| | | | - Ines Campos-Matos
- Migration Health, Health Improvement Directorate, Public Health England, London, UK
| | | | - Colin S Brown
- Department of Bacteria Reference, National Infection Service, Public Health England Colindale, London, UK
| | | | | | | | | | - Leah Ffion Jones
- Behavioural Science and Insights Unit, UK Health Security Agency, Cheltenham, UK
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Bassi G, Mancinelli E, Dell’Arciprete G, Salcuni S. The Impact of the Covid-19 Pandemic on the Well-Being and Diabetes Management of Adolescents With Type 1 Diabetes and Their Caregivers: A Scoping Review. FRONTIERS IN CLINICAL DIABETES AND HEALTHCARE 2022; 3:835598. [PMID: 36992752 PMCID: PMC10012096 DOI: 10.3389/fcdhc.2022.835598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
The Covid-19 pandemic and its related restriction measures might negatively impact diabetes management and well-being of adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM) and their caregivers. Accordingly, the present scoping review is aimed at mapping the literature in line with the question “How has the Covid-19 influenced diabetes management and well-being of adolescents with T1DM and their caregivers?”. A systematic search has been conducted through three academic databases. Studies carried out during the Covid-19 pandemic focused on adolescents aged between 10 and 19 years with T1DM and/or their caregivers were included. A total of 9 studies, performed between 2020 and 2021, have been identified. In particular, N = 305 adolescents with T1DM and N = 574 caregivers were considered. Overall, studies were not specific in reporting adolescents’ age, and only 2 studies were primarily focused on the adolescent population with T1DM. In addition, studies were mainly focused on evaluating adolescents’ glycemic control, which remained stable or has improved throughout the pandemic. Contrarily, psychosocial variables have been marginally considered. Indeed, only one study investigated adolescents’ diabetes distress, which remained stable from pre-to during post-lockdown, albeit improving among girls, specifically. As regards caregivers of adolescents with T1DM, studies showed mixed results concerning their psychological state during the Covid-19 pandemic. Prevention measures, which are aimed at supporting adolescents with T1DM during the lockdown, were considered by one study only, showing the favorable role of telemedicine during lockdown for adolescents’ glycemic control. Altogether, the current scoping review has identified many shortcomings of the available literature, which are given by the limited specificity of the age group considered and by the limited consideration of psychosocial variables, particularly their interplay with the medical ones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Bassi
- Department of Developmental and Socialization Psychology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
- Digital Health Lab, Centre for Digital Health and Wellbeing, Fondazione Bruno Kessler, Trento, Italy
- *Correspondence: Giulia Bassi,
| | - Elisa Mancinelli
- Department of Developmental and Socialization Psychology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
- Digital Health Lab, Centre for Digital Health and Wellbeing, Fondazione Bruno Kessler, Trento, Italy
| | - Gaia Dell’Arciprete
- Department of Developmental and Socialization Psychology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Silvia Salcuni
- Department of Developmental and Socialization Psychology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
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Abdoli S, Silveira MSVM, Doosti-Irani M, Fanti P, Miller-Bains K, Pavin EJ, Cardoso EB, Vardanjani LR, Noorjan K, Hessler D. Cross-national comparison of psychosocial well-being and diabetes outcomes in adults with type 1 diabetes during the COVID-19 pandemic in US, Brazil, and Iran. Diabetol Metab Syndr 2021; 13:63. [PMID: 34116721 PMCID: PMC8193175 DOI: 10.1186/s13098-021-00681-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic is a global public health emergency, which presents wide-ranging negative impacts on individuals with diabetes. To examine psychosocial well-being and diabetes outcomes in individuals with type 1 diabetes during the COVID-19 pandemic, and investigate how these factors vary in different countries. METHODS Between April and June 2020 we employed a cross national comparative research study in the United States (US), Brazil, and Iran to collect data from 1788 adults with type 1 diabetes using web-based survey. Study participants answered questions relevant to diabetes distress, diabetes burnout, depressive symptoms, COVID-19 related changes, and socio-demographic characteristics. They also reported their last Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) and daily Time-in-Range (TiR) blood glucose. We analyzed data using comparative tests (Chi-square, Kruskal-Wallis and McNemar test), logistic and linear regression adjusted for fixed effects. RESULTS There were significant changes prior and during the pandemic regarding access to diabetes care, diabetes supplies and medications, healthy food and safe places to exercise in all countries (p < 0.05). Participants in Iran experienced higher levels of diabetes distress (57.1%), diabetes burnout (50%), and depressive symptoms (60.9%), followed by Brazil and US (p < 0.0001). US participants reported better glycemic control (HbA1c = 6.97%, T1R = 69.64%) compared to Brazil (HbA1c = 7.94%, T1R = 51.95%) and Iran (HbA1c = 7.47%, T1R = 51.53%) (p < 0.0001). There were also significant relationships between psychosocial well-being, diabetes outcomes, socio-demographic data, and COVID-19 related challenges in overall sample (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Regardless of differences among US, Brazil, and Iran, our findings revealed that different countries may experience similar challenges related to the COVID-19 pandemic which can impact negatively diabetes outcomes and psychosocial well-being in individuals with type 1 diabetes. Countries need to consider modifiable variables associated with poor diabetes outcomes and sub optimal psychosocial well-being and target vulnerable population using significant socio-demographic variables.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samereh Abdoli
- College of Nursing, University of Tennessee, 1200 Volunteer Blvd Rm 155, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA
| | - Monica S. V. M. Silveira
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Rua Tessália Vieira de Camargo, 126. Cidade Universitária Zeferino Vaz, Campinas, São Paulo, 13083-887 Brazil
| | - Mehri Doosti-Irani
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahrekourd University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Paulo Fanti
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Rua Tessália Vieira de Camargo, 126. Cidade Universitária Zeferino Vaz, Campinas, São Paulo, 13083-887 Brazil
| | | | - Elizabeth João Pavin
- Endocrinology Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Rua Tessália Vieira de Camargo, 126. Cidade Universitária Zeferino Vaz, Campinas, São Paulo, 13083-887 Brazil
| | - Edimariz Buin Cardoso
- Clinical Psychologist, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Rua Tessália Vieira de Camargo, 126. Cidade Universitária Zeferino Vaz, Campinas, São Paulo, 13083-887 Brazil
| | - Leila Rafiee Vardanjani
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of California, 500 Parnassus Avenue, San Francisco, CA 94117 USA
| | - Kobra Noorjan
- School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shahrekourd University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
| | - Danielle Hessler
- Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of California, 500 Parnassus Avenue, San Francisco, CA 94117 USA
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