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Cutaneous Wound Healing: A Review about Innate Immune Response and Current Therapeutic Applications. Mediators Inflamm 2022; 2022:5344085. [PMID: 35509434 PMCID: PMC9061066 DOI: 10.1155/2022/5344085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Skin wounds and compromised wound healing are major concerns for the public. Although skin wound healing has been studied for decades, the molecular and cellular mechanisms behind the process are still not completely clear. The systemic responses to trauma involve the body’s inflammatory and immunomodulatory cellular and humoral networks. Studies over the years provided essential insights into a complex and dynamic immunity during the cutaneous wound healing process. This review will focus on innate cell populations involved in the initial phase of this orchestrated process, including innate cells from both the skin and the immune system.
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Man E, Hoskins C. Towards advanced wound regeneration. Eur J Pharm Sci 2020; 149:105360. [PMID: 32361177 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2020.105360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Revised: 04/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Wound management is a major contributor towards the economic burden placed upon the national health service (NHS), serving as an important target for the development of advanced therapeutic interventions. The economic expenditure of wound care for the NHS exceeds £5 billion per annum, thus presenting a significant opportunity for the introduction of alternative treatments in regards to their approach in tackling the ever increasing prevalence of wound management associated problems. As most wounds typically fall under the acute or chronic category, it is therefore necessary to design a therapeutic intervention capable of effectively resolving the pathologies associated with each problem. Such an intervention should be of increased economic viability and therapeutic effectiveness when compared to standardized treatments, thus helping to alleviate the financial burden imposed upon the NHS. The purpose of this review is to critically analyse the various aspects associated with wound management, detailing the fundamental concepts of dermal regeneration, whilst also providing an evaluation of the different materials and methods that can be utilised to achieve maximal wound regeneration. The primary aspects of this review revolve around the three concepts of antibacterial methodology, enhancement of dermal regeneration and the utilisation of a carrier medium to facilitate the regenerative process. Each aspect is explored, conveying its justifications as a target for dermal regeneration, whilst offering various solutions towards the fulfilment of a therapeutic design that is both effective and financially feasible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ernest Man
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, Scotland, G1 1RD, United Kingdom
| | - Clare Hoskins
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, Scotland, G1 1RD, United Kingdom.
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Deptuła M, Zieliński J, Wardowska A, Pikuła M. Wound healing complications in oncological patients: perspectives for cellular therapy. Postepy Dermatol Alergol 2019; 36:139-146. [PMID: 31320845 PMCID: PMC6627262 DOI: 10.5114/ada.2018.72585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2017] [Accepted: 11/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Various types of cancer are nowadays a serious medical and social problem and a great challenge for modern medicine. The majority of anticancer therapy is based on traditional chemotherapy and radiotherapy. Both of these highly non-specific types of treatment have a number of serious side effects including wound healing complications. Radiotherapy and chemotherapy mostly affect rapidly dividing skin cells (e.g. keratinocytes), as well as fibroblasts, melanocytes, endothelial and immune cells. Currently, there are many strategies to improve wound healing in oncological patients, including various types of dressings, biomaterials, growth factors, and cell therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milena Deptuła
- Department of Embryology, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Jacek Zieliński
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Anna Wardowska
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Transplantology, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Michał Pikuła
- Department of Clinical Immunology and Transplantology, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland
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Tétreault MP, Weinblatt D, Ciolino JD, Klein-Szanto AJ, Sackey BK, Victor CTS, Karakasheva T, Teal V, Katz JP. Esophageal Expression of Active IκB Kinase-β in Mice Up-Regulates Tumor Necrosis Factor and Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor, Promoting Inflammation and Angiogenesis. Gastroenterology 2016; 150:1609-1619.e11. [PMID: 26896735 PMCID: PMC4909513 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2016.02.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2015] [Revised: 02/03/2016] [Accepted: 02/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS IκB kinase-β (IKKβ) mediates activation of the nuclear factor-κB, which regulates immune and inflammatory responses. Although nuclear factor-κB is activated in cells from patients with inflammatory diseases or cancer, little is known about its roles in the development and progression of esophageal diseases. We investigated whether mice that express an activated form of IKKβ in the esophageal epithelia develop esophageal disorders. METHODS We generated ED-L2-Cre/Rosa26-IKK2caSFL mice, in which the ED-L2 promoter activates expression of Cre in the esophageal epithelia, leading to expression of a constitutively active form of IKKβ (IKKβca) in epithelial cells but not in inflammatory cells or the surrounding stroma (IKKβca mice). Mice lacking the Cre transgene served as controls. Some mice were given intraperitoneal injections of neutralizing antibodies against granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) or tumor necrosis factor (TNF), or immunoglobulin G1 (control), starting at 1 month of age. Epithelial tissues were collected and analyzed by immunofluorescence, immunohistochemical, and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction assays. Transgenes were overexpressed from retroviral vectors in primary human keratinocytes. RESULTS IKKβca mice developed esophagitis and had increased numbers of blood vessels in the esophageal stroma, compared with controls. Esophageal tissues from IKKβca mice had increased levels of GM-CSF. Expression of IKKβca in primary human esophageal keratinocytes led to 11-fold overexpression of GM-CSF and 200-fold overexpression of TNF. Incubation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells with conditioned media from these keratinocytes increased endothelial cell migration by 42% and promoted formation of capillary tubes; these effects were blocked by a neutralizing antibody against GM-CSF. Injections of anti-GM-CSF reduced angiogenesis and numbers of CD31+ blood vessels in esophageal tissues of IKKβca mice, but did not alter the esophageal vasculature of control mice and did not alter recruitment of intraepithelial leukocytes to esophageal tissues of IKKβca mice. Injections of anti-TNF prevented the development of esophagitis in IKKβca mice. CONCLUSIONS Constitutive activation of IKKβ in the esophageal epithelia of mice leads to inflammation and angiogenesis, mediated by TNF and GM-CSF, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Pier Tétreault
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; Gastroenterology and Hepatology Division, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois.
| | - Daniel Weinblatt
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Jody Dyan Ciolino
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | | | - Bridget K. Sackey
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Christina Twyman-Saint Victor
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Tatiana Karakasheva
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Valerie Teal
- Center for Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Jonathan P. Katz
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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Barrientos S, Brem H, Stojadinovic O, Tomic-Canic M. Clinical application of growth factors and cytokines in wound healing. Wound Repair Regen 2014; 22:569-78. [PMID: 24942811 PMCID: PMC4812574 DOI: 10.1111/wrr.12205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 395] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2014] [Accepted: 05/29/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Wound healing is a complex and dynamic biological process that involves the coordinated efforts of multiple cell types and is executed and regulated by numerous growth factors and cytokines. There has been a drive in the past two decades to study the therapeutic effects of various growth factors in the clinical management of nonhealing wounds (e.g., pressure ulcers, chronic venous ulcers, diabetic foot ulcers). For this review, we conducted an online search of Medline/PubMed and critically analyzed the literature regarding the role of growth factors and cytokines in the management of these wounds. We focused on currently approved therapies, emerging therapies, and future research possibilities. In this review, we discuss four growth factors and cytokines currently being used on and off label for the healing of wounds. These include granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, platelet-derived growth factor, vascular endothelial growth factor, and basic fibroblast growth factor. While the clinical results of using growth factors and cytokines are encouraging, many studies involved a small sample size and are disparate in measured endpoints. Therefore, further research is required to provide definitive evidence of efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephan Barrientos
- Division of Wound Healing and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Surgery, Winthrop University Hospital/Stony Brook University School of Medicine, Mineola, NY
| | - Harold Brem
- Division of Wound Healing and Regenerative Medicine, Department of Surgery, Winthrop University Hospital/Stony Brook University School of Medicine, Mineola, NY
| | - Olivera Stojadinovic
- Wound Healing and Regenerative Medicine Research Program, Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL
| | - Marjana Tomic-Canic
- Wound Healing and Regenerative Medicine Research Program, Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL
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Effects of resveratrol on incisional wound healing in rats. Surg Today 2012; 43:1433-8. [PMID: 23242670 DOI: 10.1007/s00595-012-0455-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2011] [Accepted: 08/26/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of resveratrol on the healing process after midline laparotomy in rats. METHODS The study was performed on adult female Wistar-Albino rats. The study group was orally administered 0.5 mg/kg resveratrol once a day for 7 days before the operation until 12 h before surgery and then the treatment was maintained throughout the study. Each rat was anesthetized, and a 4-cm midline laparotomy was performed. Ten animals in each group were sacrificed on postoperative days 7, and 14. A tensile strength analysis was performed, hydroxyproline levels were measured, and the abdominal incision wounds were examined histologically. RESULTS Resveratrol administration significantly increased the tensile strength of the abdominal fascia, and increased the hydroxyproline levels on postoperative day 14. The acute inflammation scores, collagen deposition scores and the neovascularization scores on postoperative days 7 and 14 were found to be significantly higher in the resveratrol treatment group compared to the control group. The amount of granulation tissue and the fibroblast maturation scores were found to be significantly higher only on postoperative day 14 in the treatment group compared to the control group. CONCLUSION Our findings show that resveratrol may have a beneficial effect on incisional wound healing.
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Abstract
The body's response to tissue injury in a healthy individual is an intricate, sequential physiologic process that results in timely healing with full re-epithelialization, resolution of drainage, and return of function to the affected tissue. Chronic wounds, however, do not follow this sequence of events and can challenge the most experienced clinician if the underlying factors that are impairing wound healing are not identified. The purpose of this article is to present recent information about factors that impair wound healing with the underlying pathophysiological mechanism that interferes with the response to tissue injury. These factors include co-morbidities (diabetes, obesity, protein energy malnutrition), medications (steroids, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs or NSAIDs, anti-rejection medications), oncology interventions (radiation, chemotherapy), and life style habits (smoking, alcohol abuse). Successful treatment of any chronic wound depends upon identification and management of the factors for each individual.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristin Anderson
- Orthopedic Physical Therapy, Therapyworks, Inc., Santa Monica, CA, USA
| | - Rose L. Hamm
- Division of Biokinesiology and Physical Therapy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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Yan H, Chen J, Peng X. Recombinant human granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor hydrogel promotes healing of deep partial thickness burn wounds. Burns 2012; 38:877-81. [DOI: 10.1016/j.burns.2012.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2011] [Revised: 01/16/2012] [Accepted: 02/02/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Hu X, Sun H, Han C, Wang X, Yu W. Topically applied rhGM-CSF for the wound healing: A systematic review. Burns 2011; 37:729-41. [DOI: 10.1016/j.burns.2010.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2010] [Revised: 08/19/2010] [Accepted: 08/30/2010] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Effect of sildenafil on wound healing: an experimental study. Langenbecks Arch Surg 2009; 395:713-8. [DOI: 10.1007/s00423-009-0471-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2008] [Accepted: 01/30/2009] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Alagol H, Dinc S, Basgut B, Abacioglu N. Temporal variation in the recovery from impairment in adriamycin-induced wound healing in rats. J Circadian Rhythms 2007; 5:6. [PMID: 17927815 PMCID: PMC2099420 DOI: 10.1186/1740-3391-5-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2007] [Accepted: 10/10/2007] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Background An adriamycin-induced impairment of wound healing has been demonstrated experimentally in rats. The purpose of this study is to investigate a possible temporal variation in recovery from the impairment of wound healing caused by adriamycin administration. Methods The subjects were 120 female Spraque-Dawley rats. They were divided into eight groups, undergoing adriamycin administration (8 mg/kg, i.v.) at 9 a.m. or 9 p.m. on day 0 and laparotomy on day 0, 7, 14 or 21. Blast pressures were recorded after the incision line had been opened, and tissue samples were kept at -30°C for later measurement of hydroxyproline levels. Results Adriamycin treatment in rats at 9 p.m. resulted in significantly lower blast pressure levels than treatment at 9 a.m. between days 7 and 21, indicating a lag effect of healing time in wounded tissues. However the decreased hydroxyproline levels were not changed at these days and sessions. Conclusion It is concluded that adriamycin-induced impairment of wound healing in adult female rats exhibits nycthemeral variation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haluk Alagol
- Department of Pharmacology, Gazi University, 06330, Hipodrom, Ankara, Turkey.
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