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Qu G, Han X, Ma L, Feng S, Li Y, Zhang X. Cyclodextrins as non-viral vectors in cancer theranostics: A review. Int J Biol Macromol 2025; 313:143697. [PMID: 40348237 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2025.143697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2025] [Revised: 03/14/2025] [Accepted: 04/29/2025] [Indexed: 05/14/2025]
Abstract
Cancer ranks as the top cause of death following cardiovascular diseases. Identifying cancer patients at early stages presents significant challenges due to the asymptomatic nature of early-stage tumors. Conversely, the advancement of therapy resistance has led to a reduction in cancer treatment efficacy. Consequently, utilizing nanoparticles for the diagnosis and treatment of cancer can greatly enhance the prognosis and results for patients. CDs are recognized entities in the pharmaceutical domain and have been extensively used for therapeutic purposes in disease treatment. These non-viral vectors have shown efficacy in inhibiting both solid tumors and hematological malignancies through targeted drug delivery. CDs can enhance the administration of medications and genes in cancer treatment by ensuring their continuous release. The stimuli-responsive CDs have enhanced the targeted delivery of payloads at the tumor location, responding to the stimuli in TME such as pH, redox and light. CDs can serve as effective carriers that enhance the efficacy of phototherapy by improving the solubility and delivery of phototherapeutic agents, enabling integration with chemotherapy and immunotherapy. The administration of immunomodulators through CDs can enhance cancer immunotherapy and boost the infiltration of immune cells. Ultimately, CDs can aid in cancer diagnosis and the identification of biomarkers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ge Qu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xu Han
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Lianghua Ma
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Shuai Feng
- Department of Otolaryngology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
| | - Yinyan Li
- Department of Ultrasonic Diagnosis, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
| | - Xue Zhang
- Department of Gynecology, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
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2
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Sun B, Li G, Wu Y, Gai J, Zhu M, Ji W, Wang X, Zhang F, Li W, Hu J, Lou Y, Feng G, Han X, Dong J, Peng J, Pei J, Wan Y, Li Y, Ma L. Ce-MOF@Au-Based Electrochemical Immunosensor for Apolipoprotein A1 Detection Using Nanobody Technology. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:58405-58416. [PMID: 39413767 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c14027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2024]
Abstract
Apolipoprotein A1 (Apo-A1) is a well-recognized biomarker in tissues, closely associated with cardiovascular diseases such as atherosclerosis, coronary artery disease, and heart failure. However, existing methods for Apo-A1 determination are limited by costly equipment and intricate operational procedures. Given the distinct advantages of electrochemical immunosensors, including affordability and high sensitivity, along with the unique attributes of nanobodies (Nbs), such as enhanced specificity and better tissue permeability, we developed an electrochemical immunosensor for Apo-A1 detection utilizing Nb technology. In our study, Ce-MOF@AuNPs nanocomposites were synthesized by using ultrasonic methods and applied to modify a glassy carbon electrode. The Nb6, screened from an Apo-A1 immunized phage library, was immobilized onto the nanocomposite material, establishing a robust binding interaction with Apo-A1. The recorded peak current values demonstrated a logarithmic increase corresponding to Apo-A1 concentrations ranging from 1 to 100,000 pg/mL, with a detection limit of 36 fg/mL. Additionally, the developed immunosensors demonstrated high selectivity, good stability, and reproducibility. Our methodology was also effectively utilized for serum sample analysis, showing good performance in clinical assessments. This electrochemical immunosensor represents a promising tool for Apo-A1 detection, with significant potential for advancing cardiovascular disease diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baihe Sun
- Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai 201318, China
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Guanghui Li
- Shanghai Novamab Biopharmaceuticals Co, Ltd, Shanghai 201318, China
| | - Yue Wu
- Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai 201318, China
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Junwei Gai
- Shanghai Novamab Biopharmaceuticals Co, Ltd, Shanghai 201318, China
| | - Min Zhu
- Shanghai Novamab Biopharmaceuticals Co, Ltd, Shanghai 201318, China
| | - Weiwei Ji
- Shanghai Novamab Biopharmaceuticals Co, Ltd, Shanghai 201318, China
| | - Xiaoying Wang
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Fenghua Zhang
- Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai 201318, China
| | - Wanting Li
- Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai 201318, China
| | - Jingjin Hu
- Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai 201318, China
| | - Yuxin Lou
- Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai 201318, China
| | - Gusheng Feng
- Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai 201318, China
| | - Xijun Han
- Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai 201318, China
| | - Jinwen Dong
- Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai 201318, China
| | - Jiayuan Peng
- Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai 201318, China
| | - Jiawei Pei
- Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai 201318, China
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Yakun Wan
- Shanghai Novamab Biopharmaceuticals Co, Ltd, Shanghai 201318, China
| | - Yanfei Li
- Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai 201318, China
| | - Linlin Ma
- Shanghai University of Medicine & Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai 201318, China
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3
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Li B, Ashrafizadeh M, Jiao T. Biomedical application of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) in cancer therapy: Stimuli-responsive and biomimetic nanocomposites in targeted delivery, phototherapy and diagnosis. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 260:129391. [PMID: 38242413 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.129391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
The nanotechnology is an interdisciplinary field that has become a hot topic in cancer therapy. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are porous materials and hybrid composites consisted of organic linkers and metal cations. Despite the wide application of MOFs in other fields, the potential of MOFs for purpose of cancer therapy has been revealed by the recent studies. High surface area and porosity, significant drug loading and encapsulation efficiency are among the benefits of using MOFs in drug delivery. MOFs can deliver genes/drugs with selective targeting of tumor cells that can be achieved through functionalization with ligands. The photosensitizers and photo-responsive nanostructures including carbon dots and gold nanoparticles can be loaded in/on MOFs to cause phototherapy-mediated tumor ablation. The immunogenic cell death induction and increased infiltration of cytotoxic CD8+ and CD4+ T cells can be accelerated by MOF platforms in providing immunotherapy of tumor cells. The stimuli-responsive MOF platforms responsive to pH, redox, enzyme and ion can accelerate release of therapeutics in tumor site. Moreover, MOF nanocomposites can be modified ligands and green polymers to improve their selectivity and biocompatibility for cancer therapy. The application of MOFs for the detection of cancer-related biomarkers can participate in the early diagnosis of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beixu Li
- School of Policing Studies, Shanghai University of Political Science and Law, Shanghai 201701, China; Shanghai Fenglin Forensic Center, Shanghai 200231, China; State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Department of Pathology, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Milad Ashrafizadeh
- Department of General Surgery, Institute of Precision Diagnosis and Treatment of Digestive System Tumors, Carson International Cancer Center, Shenzhen University General Hospital, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China; International Association for Diagnosis and Treatment of Cancer, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China; Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China; Department of Radiation Oncology, Shandong Cancer Hospital and Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250000, China.
| | - Taiwei Jiao
- Department of Gastroenterology and Endoscopy, The First Hospital of China Medical University, 155 North Nanjing St, Shenyang 110001, China.
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Sitkov N, Ryabko A, Moshnikov V, Aleshin A, Kaplun D, Zimina T. Hybrid Impedimetric Biosensors for Express Protein Markers Detection. MICROMACHINES 2024; 15:181. [PMID: 38398911 PMCID: PMC10890403 DOI: 10.3390/mi15020181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
Impedimetric biosensors represent a powerful and promising tool for studying and monitoring biological processes associated with proteins and can contribute to the development of new approaches in the diagnosis and treatment of diseases. The basic principles, analytical methods, and applications of hybrid impedimetric biosensors for express protein detection in biological fluids are described. The advantages of this type of biosensors, such as simplicity and speed of operation, sensitivity and selectivity of analysis, cost-effectiveness, and an ability to be integrated into hybrid microfluidic systems, are demonstrated. Current challenges and development prospects in this area are analyzed. They include (a) the selection of materials for electrodes and formation of nanostructures on their surface; (b) the development of efficient methods for biorecognition elements' deposition on the electrodes' surface, providing the specificity and sensitivity of biosensing; (c) the reducing of nonspecific binding and interference, which could affect specificity; (d) adapting biosensors to real samples and conditions of operation; (e) expanding the range of detected proteins; and, finally, (f) the development of biosensor integration into large microanalytical system technologies. This review could be useful for researchers working in the field of impedimetric biosensors for protein detection, as well as for those interested in the application of this type of biosensor in biomedical diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikita Sitkov
- Department of Micro and Nanoelectronics, Saint Petersburg Electrotechnical University “LETI”, 197022 Saint Petersburg, Russia; (V.M.); (T.Z.)
- Engineering Centre for Microtechnology and Diagnostics, Saint Petersburg Electrotechnical University “LETI”, 197022 Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Andrey Ryabko
- Laboratory of Nonequilibrium Processes in Semiconductors, Ioffe Institute, 26 Politekhnicheskaya, 194021 Saint Petersburg, Russia;
| | - Vyacheslav Moshnikov
- Department of Micro and Nanoelectronics, Saint Petersburg Electrotechnical University “LETI”, 197022 Saint Petersburg, Russia; (V.M.); (T.Z.)
| | - Andrey Aleshin
- Laboratory of Nonequilibrium Processes in Semiconductors, Ioffe Institute, 26 Politekhnicheskaya, 194021 Saint Petersburg, Russia;
| | - Dmitry Kaplun
- Artificial Intelligence Research Institute, China University of Mining and Technology, 1 Daxue Road, Xuzhou 221116, China;
- Department of Automation and Control Processes, Saint Petersburg Electrotechnical University “LETI”, 197022 Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Tatiana Zimina
- Department of Micro and Nanoelectronics, Saint Petersburg Electrotechnical University “LETI”, 197022 Saint Petersburg, Russia; (V.M.); (T.Z.)
- Engineering Centre for Microtechnology and Diagnostics, Saint Petersburg Electrotechnical University “LETI”, 197022 Saint Petersburg, Russia
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ÖZÇELİKAY G, ÇETİNKAYA A, KAYA Sİ, ÖZKAN SA. Comparative study of electrochemical-based sensors and immunosensors in terms of advantageous features for detection of cancer biomarkers. Turk J Chem 2023; 47:927-943. [PMID: 38173762 PMCID: PMC10760818 DOI: 10.55730/1300-0527.3587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Cancer, becoming increasingly common globally, has a high mortality rate. Despite the much research on diagnosis and treatment methods, the benefits of technological developments, and newly developed sensor devices, cancer is still one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Early detection using powerful and noninvasive tools could be a future focus for prognosis and treatment follow-up. Therefore, electrochemical biosensors can be a strong choice for the detection of cancer biomarkers (such as alpha-fetoprotein, cytochrome c, prostate-specific antigen, myoglobin, carcinoembryonic antigen, alpha-fetoprotein, a cancer antigen, epidermal growth factor receptor, vascular endothelial growth factor, circulating tumor cell, and breast cancer antigen 1/2) due to their advantages such as high sensitivity, excellent selectivity, low cost, short analysis time, and simplicity. Furthermore, electrochemical biosensors are better suited for point-of-care applications due to their mass production and miniaturization ease. This review provides an overview of different electrochemical measurement techniques, bioreceptor surfaces, signal production and amplification, and the integration of electrochemical-modified sensors. Cancer biomarkers based on electrochemical biosensors were given in detail. In addition, studies with MIP-based sensors and immunosensors have been extensively discussed. Integrating electrochemical biosensors with cancer biomarkers was also emphasized as a new research trend. Finally, we provide an overview of current advances in measuring and analyzing cancer biomarkers using electrochemical biosensors and detail current challenges and future perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Göksu ÖZÇELİKAY
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ankara University, Ankara,
Turkiye
| | - Ahmet ÇETİNKAYA
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ankara University, Ankara,
Turkiye
- Graduate School of Health Sciences, Ankara University, Ankara,
Turkiye
| | - S. İrem KAYA
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Gulhane Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Health Sciences, Ankara,
Turkiye
| | - Sibel A. ÖZKAN
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ankara University, Ankara,
Turkiye
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