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Main AM, Benndorf G, Feldt-Rasmussen U, Fugleholm K, Kistorp T, Loya AC, Poulsgaard L, Rasmussen ÅK, Rossing M, Sølling C, Klose MC. Case Report: Giant Paraganglioma of the Skull Base With Two Somatic Mutations in SDHB and PTEN Genes. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:857504. [PMID: 35498434 PMCID: PMC9044027 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.857504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Head and neck paragangliomas (HNPGLs) are neuroendocrine tumors. They arise from the parasympathetic ganglia and can be either sporadic or due to hereditary syndromes (up to 40%). Most HNPGLs do not produce significant amounts of catecholamines. We report a case of a giant paraganglioma of the skull base with an unusually severe presentation secondary to excessive release of norepinephrine, with a good outcome considering the severity of disease. A 39-year-old Caucasian woman with no prior medical history was found unconscious and emaciated in her home. In the intensive care unit (ICU) the patient was treated for multi-organ failure with multiple complications and difficulties in stabilizing her blood pressure with values up to 246/146 mmHg. She was hospitalized in the ICU for 72 days and on the 31st day clinical assessment revealed jugular foramen syndrome and paralysis of the right n. facialis. A brain MRI confirmed a right-sided tumor of the skull base of 93.553 cm3. Blood tests showed high amounts of normetanephrine (35.1-45.4 nmol/L, ref <1.09 nmol/L) and a tumor biopsy confirmed the diagnosis of a paraganglioma. Phenoxybenzamine and Labetalol were used in high doses ((Dibenyline®, 90 mg x 3 daily) and labetalol (Trandate®, 200 + 300 + 300 mg daily) to stabilize blood pressure. The patient underwent two tumor embolization procedures before total tumor resection on day 243. Normetanephrine and blood pressure normalized after surgery (0.77 nmol/L, ref: < 1.09 nmol/L). The damage to the cranial nerve was permanent. Our patient was comprehensively examined for germline predisposition to PPGLs, however we did not identify any causal aberrations. A somatic deletion and loss of heterozygosity (LOH) of the short arm (p) of chromosome 1 (including SDHB) and p of chromosome 11 was found. Analysis showed an SDHB (c.565T>G, p.C189G) and PTEN (c.834C>G, p.F278L) missense mutation in tumor DNA. The patient made a remarkable recovery except for neurological deficits after intensive multidisciplinary treatment and rehabilitation. This case demonstrates the necessity for an early tertiary center approach with a multidisciplinary expert team and highlights the efficacy of the correct treatment with alpha-blockade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ailsa Maria Main
- Department of Medical Endocrinology and Metabolism, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Götz Benndorf
- Department of Radiology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Radiology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Ulla Feldt-Rasmussen
- Department of Medical Endocrinology and Metabolism, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kåre Fugleholm
- Department of Neurosurgery, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Thomas Kistorp
- Department of Anaesthesiology, Copenhagen University, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anand C. Loya
- Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Pathology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lars Poulsgaard
- Department of Neurosurgery, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Åse Krogh Rasmussen
- Department of Medical Endocrinology and Metabolism, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Maria Rossing
- Center for Genomic Medicine, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Christine Sølling
- Department of Neuroanaesthesiology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Marianne Christina Klose
- Department of Medical Endocrinology and Metabolism, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
- *Correspondence: Marianne Christina Klose,
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Zhao HY, Zhao YZ, Jia YM, Mei X, Guo SB. Pheochromocytoma with abdominal aortic aneurysm presenting as recurrent dyspnea, hemoptysis, and hypotension: A case report. World J Clin Cases 2021; 9:4754-4759. [PMID: 34222443 PMCID: PMC8223855 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v9.i18.4754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Revised: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pheochromocytomas are rare endocrine tumors with various clinical manifestations, and few of them might present with profound, life-threatening conditions.
CASE SUMMARY We report the case of a 65-year-old man who complained of sudden dyspnea and hemoptysis for half a day. There was no obvious cause for the patient to have dyspnea, coughing, or coughing up to approximately 100 mL of fresh blood. Finally, he was diagnosed with pheochromocytoma crisis (PCC), coexisting with an abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA).
CONCLUSION We report a case of pheochromocytoma presenting with recurrent hemoptysis, dyspnea and hypotension coexisting with an AAA. It not only proved the uncommon manifestations of pheochromocytoma but also directed clinicians to consider PCC among the possible diagnoses when meeting similar cases. Moreover, surgical excision is the most beneficial method for the treatment of pheochromocytoma coexisting with AAA when the situation is stable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Yang Zhao
- Emergency Medicine Clinical Research Center, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University & Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiopulmonary Cerebral Resuscitation, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Yong-Zhen Zhao
- Emergency Medicine Clinical Research Center, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University & Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiopulmonary Cerebral Resuscitation, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Yu-Mei Jia
- Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Xue Mei
- Emergency Medicine Clinical Research Center, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University & Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiopulmonary Cerebral Resuscitation, Beijing 100020, China
| | - Shu-Bin Guo
- Emergency Medicine Clinical Research Center, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University & Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiopulmonary Cerebral Resuscitation, Beijing 100020, China
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Whitelaw BC, Prague JK, Mustafa OG, Schulte KM, Hopkins PA, Gilbert JA, McGregor AM, Aylwin SJB. Phaeochromocytoma [corrected] crisis. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 2014; 80:13-22. [PMID: 24102156 DOI: 10.1111/cen.12324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2013] [Revised: 07/02/2013] [Accepted: 09/11/2013] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Phaeochromocytoma [corrected] crisis is an endocrine emergency associated with significant mortality. There is little published guidance on the management of phaeochromocytoma [corrected] crisis. This clinical practice update summarizes the relevant published literature, including a detailed review of cases published in the past 5 years, and a proposed classification system. We review the recommended management of phaeochromocytoma [corrected] crisis including the use of alpha-blockade, which is strongly associated with survival of a crisis. Mechanical circulatory supportive therapy (including intra-aortic balloon pump or extra-corporeal membrane oxygenation) is strongly recommended for patients with sustained hypotension. Surgical intervention should be deferred until medical stabilization is achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- B C Whitelaw
- King's College Hospital - Endocrinology, London, UK
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Schick B, Dlugaiczyk J. Surgery of the ear and the lateral skull base: pitfalls and complications. GMS CURRENT TOPICS IN OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY, HEAD AND NECK SURGERY 2013; 12:Doc05. [PMID: 24403973 PMCID: PMC3884540 DOI: 10.3205/cto000097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Surgery of the ear and the lateral skull base is a fascinating, yet challenging field in otorhinolaryngology. A thorough knowledge of the associated complications and pitfalls is indispensable for the surgeon, not only to provide the best possible care to his patients, but also to further improve his surgical skills. Following a summary about general aspects in pre-, intra-and postoperative care of patients with disorders of the ear/lateral skull base, this article covers the most common pitfalls and complications in stapes surgery, cochlear implantation and surgery of vestibular schwannomas and jugulotympanal paragangliomas. Based on these exemplary procedures, basic "dos and don'ts" of skull base surgery are explained, which the reader can easily transfer to other disorders. Special emphasis is laid on functional aspects, such as hearing, balance and facial nerve function. Furthermore, the topics of infection, bleeding, skull base defects, quality of life and indication for revision surgery are discussed. An open communication about complications and pitfalls in ear/lateral skull base surgery among surgeons is a prerequisite for the further advancement of this fascinating field in ENT surgery. This article is meant to be a contribution to this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernhard Schick
- Dept. of Otorhinolaryngology, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | - Julia Dlugaiczyk
- Dept. of Otorhinolaryngology, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg/Saar, Germany
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