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Sang Z, Ren Z, Yu J, Wang Y, Liao H. Biomechanical analysis of fixation methods for bone flap repositioning after lateral orbitotomy approach: A finite element analysis. JOURNAL OF STOMATOLOGY, ORAL AND MAXILLOFACIAL SURGERY 2024:101938. [PMID: 38851586 DOI: 10.1016/j.jormas.2024.101938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2024] [Revised: 05/28/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/10/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In ophthalmic surgery, different materials and fixation methods are employed for bone flap repositioning after lateral orbitotomy approach (LOA), yet there is no unified standard. This study aims to investigate the impact of different fixation strategies on orbital stability through Finite Element Analysis (FEA) simulations of the biomechanical environment for orbital rim fixation in LOA. METHODS A Finite Element Model (FEM) was established and validated to simulate the mechanical responses under various loads in conventional lateral orbitotomy approach (CLOA) and deep lateral orbital decompression (DLOD) using single titanium plate, double titanium plates, and double absorbable plates fixation methods. The simulations were then validated against clinical cases. RESULTS Under similar conditions, the maximum equivalent stress (MES) on titanium alloy fixations was greater than that on absorbable plate materials. Both under static and physiological conditions, all FEM groups ensured structural stability of the system, with material stresses remaining within safe ranges. Compared to CLOA, DLOD, which involves the removal of the lateral orbital wall, altered stress conduction, resulting in an increase of MES and maximum total deformation (MTD) by 1.96 and 2.62 times, respectively. Under a horizontal load of 50 N, the MES in FEM/DLOD exceeded the material's own strength, with an increase in MES and MTD by 3.18 and 6.64 times, respectively, compared to FEM/CLOA. Under a vertical force of 50 N, the MES sustained by each FEM was within safe limits. Bone flap rotation angles remained minimally varied across scenarios. During follow-up, the 12 patients validated in this study did not experience complications related to the internal fixation devices. CONCLUSION Under static or physiological conditions, various fixation methods can effectively maintain stability at the orbitotomy site, and absorbable materials, with their smoother stress transmission properties, are more suited for application in CLOA. Among titanium plate fixations, single titanium plates can better withstand vertical stress, while double titanium plates are more capable of handling horizontal stress. Given the change in the orbital mechanical behavior due to DLOD, enhanced fixation strength should be considered for bone flap repositioning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zexi Sang
- School of Optometry, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, China; Jiangxi Research Institute of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, China; Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Ophthalmology, China
| | - Zhangjun Ren
- School of Optometry, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, China; Jiangxi Research Institute of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, China; Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Ophthalmology, China
| | - Jinhai Yu
- School of Optometry, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, China; Jiangxi Research Institute of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, China; Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory for Ophthalmology, China
| | - Yaohua Wang
- The Affiliated Eye Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, China; Jiangxi Clinical Research Center for Ophthalmic Disease, China
| | - Hongfei Liao
- The Affiliated Eye Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, China; Jiangxi Clinical Research Center for Ophthalmic Disease, China.
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Eckstein A, Welkoborsky HJ. [Interdisciplinary Management of Orbital Diseases]. Laryngorhinootologie 2024; 103:S43-S99. [PMID: 38697143 DOI: 10.1055/a-2216-8879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2024]
Abstract
Diagnosis and therapy of orbital diseases is an interdisciplinary challenge, in which i.e. otorhinolaryngologists, ophthalmologists, radiologists, radiation therapists, maxillo-facial surgeons, endocrinologists, and pediatricians are involved. This review article describes frequent diseases which both, otolaryngologists and ophthalmologists are concerned with in interdisciplinary settings. In particular the inflammatory diseases of the orbit including orbital complications, autoimmunological diseases of the orbit including Grave´s orbitopathy, and primary and secondary tumors of the orbit are discussed. Beside describing the clinical characteristics and diagnostic steps the article focusses on the interdisciplinary therapy. The review is completed by the presentation of most important surgical approaches to the orbit, their indications and possible complications. The authors tried to highlight the relevant facts despite the shortness of the text.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - H-J Welkoborsky
- Univ. Klinik für Augenheilkunde Universitätsmedizin Essen, Klinik für HNO-Heilkunde, Kopf- und Halschirurgie, Klinikum Nordstadt der KRH
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Tong JY, Sung J, Psaltis AJ, Selva D. Inferior orbital fissure release to access the inferolateral orbital apex. CANADIAN JOURNAL OF OPHTHALMOLOGY 2024:S0008-4182(24)00007-3. [PMID: 38359895 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcjo.2024.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To describe release of the inferior orbital fissure (IOF) as a novel surgical technique that will improve access to the inferior and inferolateral orbital apex. DESIGN Laboratory investigation. PARTICIPANTS Human cadaver heads. METHODS Cadaveric dissection study whereby the technique of an IOF release was performed. A swinging eyelid preseptal approach was used to enable a subperiosteal dissection to the orbital floor without obstruction from orbital fat prolapse. A plane was dissected between periorbita and Muller's muscle, the smooth muscle that overlies the entire length of the IOF. Measurements were taken in the sagittal plane from a point on the inferior orbital rim directly above the infraorbital foramen to the most posterior aspect of the orbital floor. RESULTS Fifteen orbits from 8 cadaver heads were dissected with the aid of a rigid 0-degree endoscope and microsurgical instruments. This study demonstrated that an additional 10.93 ± 2.10 mm of access to the orbital apex was gained after the release of periorbita from the IOF. CONCLUSION We propose that the IOF release can be adopted as an adjunctive technique to orbital surgery of the inferior and inferolateral orbital apex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Y Tong
- Discipline of Ophthalmology and Vision Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia Australia; Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Woodville, South Australia, Australia.
| | - Jeffrey Sung
- Discipline of Ophthalmology and Vision Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia Australia; Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Woodville, South Australia, Australia
| | - Alkis J Psaltis
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Woodville, South Australia, Australia; Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Dinesh Selva
- Discipline of Ophthalmology and Vision Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia Australia; Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Woodville, South Australia, Australia
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Bounajem MT, Rennert RC, Budohoski KP, Azab M, Karsy M, Couldwell WT. Modified Lateral Orbitotomy Approach to Lesions of the Orbital Apex, Superior Orbital Fissure, Cavernous Sinus, and Middle Cranial Fossa. Oper Neurosurg (Hagerstown) 2023; 24:514-523. [PMID: 36645874 DOI: 10.1227/ons.0000000000000610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The lateral orbitotomy approach (LOA) provides minimally invasive access to the orbit, cavernous sinus region, and middle cranial fossa. Orbital retraction with this approach can nonetheless injure orbital structures, causing unnecessary morbidity. OBJECTIVE To describe our clinical experience with the modified LOA (mLOA), wherein the medial aspect of the lateral orbital wall posterior to the orbital rim is preserved. METHODS This is a retrospective, single-institution case series of patients undergoing a mLOA for lesions of the orbital apex, superior orbital fissure, cavernous sinus, and middle cranial fossa. The dimensions and variance of selected anatomic parameters relevant to this approach (orbital rim-superior orbital fossa depth, lateral orbital wall angle) were also analyzed using computed tomography scans from 30 adult patients. RESULTS Eight patients underwent a mLOA (mean age 54.0 ± 19.6 years; 3 males). Surgical targets included the superior orbital fissure (2; cavernoma and meningioma), sphenoid wing with or without the orbital apex (2; meningioma), cavernous sinus (2; rule out carcinoma and smooth muscle tumor), and anterior/mesial temporal lobe (2; cavernoma). Visual acuity/fields and diplopia was stable or improved in all patients postoperatively. One patient experienced a cerebrospinal fluid leak. On computed tomography analysis, the relevant bony anatomy displayed limited variability, with a mean orbital fossa depth of 42.7 ± 2.8 mm and a lateral orbital wall angle of 44.4° ± 2.7°. CONCLUSION The mLOA can provide safe, minimally invasive access to select lesions of the orbital apex, superior orbital fissure, cavernous sinus, and middle cranial fossa. The operative corridor has relatively consistent bony anatomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael T Bounajem
- Department of Neurosurgery, Clinical Neurosciences Center, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
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Alternative Path for Optic Nerve Decompression in Pseudotumor Cerebri With Full Endoscopic Lateral Transorbital Approach. J Craniofac Surg 2022; 34:1089-1092. [PMID: 36730888 DOI: 10.1097/scs.0000000000009096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Endonasal endoscopic approaches are the most preferred surgical methods in patients with pseudotumor cerebri because of easy access to the optic nerve, but the choice of this technique may not apply to all endoscopic endonasal cases. Moreover, there may be difficulties in practice in some cases, including the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. This study aimed to suggest an alternative endoscopic approach by lateral orbitotomy for optic nerve decompression in patients with pseudotumor cerebri. The study was performed using 5 fresh-frozen cadaver heads (bilaterally, total of 10 sides) injected intravenously with colored silicone preserved in the cold chain. An average of 2.5 cm skin incision was made to fit the lateral orbitotomy. The lengths of the recurrent meningeal artery (mm), the meningo-orbital band (mm), and the optic nerve (mm) to the orbital margin were measured. After these morphometric measurements, optic nerve decompression was performed endoscopically, and the length of the decompression was measured (mm). The average length (mm) between the orbital rim and meningeal recurrent artery (or meningolacrimal branch) was 16.2 mm, between the orbital rim and the meningo-orbital band was 18.5 mm, and between the orbital rim and optic nerve was 44.1 mm. The average optic nerve decompression length was 4.4 mm. The endoscopic lateral orbitotomy approach provides easy access to the optic nerve by anatomically following the recurrent meningeal artery and the meningo-orbital band. It can be a safe second-line approach after endonasal approaches for optic nerve decompression in pseudotumor cerebri.
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Dallan I, Cristofani-Mencacci L, Fiacchini G, Turri-Zanoni M, van Furth W, de Notaris M, Picariello M, Alexandre E, Georgalas C, Bruschini L. Endoscopic-assisted transorbital surgery: Where do we stand on the scott’s parabola? personal considerations after a 10-year experience. Front Oncol 2022; 12:937818. [PMID: 35912254 PMCID: PMC9334664 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.937818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Transorbital approaches are genuinely versatile surgical routes which show interesting potentials in skull base surgery. Given their “new” trajectory, they can be a very useful adjunct to traditional routes, even being a valid alternative to them in some cases, and add valuable opportunities in selected patients. Indications are constantly expanding, and currently include selected intraorbital, skull base and even intra-axial lesions, both benign and malignant. Given their relatively recent development and thus unfamiliarity among the skull base community, achieving adequate proficiency needs not only a personalized training and knowledge but also, above all, an adequate case volume and a dedicated setting. Current, but mostly future, applications should be selected by genetic, omics and biological features and applied in the context of a truly multidisciplinary environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iacopo Dallan
- Ear Nose Throat (ENT) Audiology and Phoniatric Unit, Department of Surgical Pathology, Medical, Molecular and Critical Area, AziendaOspedaliero-UniversitariaPisana, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Lodovica Cristofani-Mencacci
- Ear Nose Throat (ENT) Audiology and Phoniatric Unit, Department of Surgical Pathology, Medical, Molecular and Critical Area, AziendaOspedaliero-UniversitariaPisana, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
- *Correspondence: Lodovica Cristofani-Mencacci,
| | - Giacomo Fiacchini
- Ear Nose Throat (ENT) Audiology and Phoniatric Unit, Department of Surgical Pathology, Medical, Molecular and Critical Area, AziendaOspedaliero-UniversitariaPisana, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Mario Turri-Zanoni
- ENT Unit, Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, Ospedale di Circolo e Fondazione Macchi, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy
| | - Wouter van Furth
- Neurosurgery Unit, Department of Ophthalmology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Matteo de Notaris
- Neurosurgery Operative Unit, Department of Neuroscience, “San Pio” Hospital, Benevento, Italy
| | - Miriana Picariello
- Ear Nose Throat (ENT) Audiology and Phoniatric Unit, Department of Surgical Pathology, Medical, Molecular and Critical Area, AziendaOspedaliero-UniversitariaPisana, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Enrico Alexandre
- Ear Nose Throat (ENT) Audiology and Phoniatric Unit, Department of Surgical Pathology, Medical, Molecular and Critical Area, AziendaOspedaliero-UniversitariaPisana, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | | | - Luca Bruschini
- Ear Nose Throat (ENT) Audiology and Phoniatric Unit, Department of Surgical Pathology, Medical, Molecular and Critical Area, AziendaOspedaliero-UniversitariaPisana, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
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Donofrio CA, Riccio L, Pathmanaban ON, Fioravanti A, Caputy AJ, Mortini P. Endoscopic sublabial transmaxillary approach to the inferior orbit: pearls and pitfalls-A comparative anatomical study. Neurosurg Rev 2021; 44:3297-3307. [PMID: 33564984 DOI: 10.1007/s10143-021-01494-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2020] [Revised: 01/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Although orbital surgery has always represented a challenge for neurosurgeons, keyhole and endoscopic techniques are gradually surging in popularity maximizing functional and esthetic outcomes. This quantitative anatomical study first compared the surgical operability achieved through three endoscopic approaches within the inferior orbit: the endoscopic sublabial transmaxillary (ESTMax), the endoscopic endonasal transethmoidal (EETEth), and the endoscope-assisted lateral orbitotomy (ELO). METHODS Each of these approaches was performed bilaterally on five specimens. We described the ESTMax step-by-step, underlining its advantages and pitfalls in comparison with EETEth and ELO. Then, we assessed surgical measurements and operability in ESTMax, EETEth, and ELO. RESULTS The ESTMax provided the most favorable operative window (278.9 ± 43.8 mm2; EETEth: 240.8 ± 21.5 mm2, p < 0.001; ELO: 263.1 ± 19.8 mm2, p = 0.006), the broadest surgical field area (415.9 ± 26.4 mm2; EETEth: 386.7 ± 30.1 mm2, p = 0.041; ELO: 305.2 ± 26.3 mm2, p < 0.001), surgical field depths significantly shorter than EETEth (p < 0.001) but similar to ELO, the widest surgical angles of attack (45°-65°; EETEth: 20°-30°, p < 0.001; ELO: 25°-50°, p < 0.001), and the greatest surgical mobility areas (EETEth: p < 0.001; ELO: p < 0.001). Furthermore, the ESTMax allowed multi-angled exposure and handy maneuverability around all the inferior intraorbital targets. Small anterior antrostomy, blunt intraorbital dissections, direct targets' approach, orbital floor reconstruction, and maxillary bone flap replacement may limit the ESTMax morbidity rates. CONCLUSIONS The ESTMax is a minimally invasive "head-on" orbital approach that exploits endoscopic surgery advantages avoiding the cranio-orbital and trans-nasal approach limitations and possible complications. It represents a promising alternative to EETEth and ELO because of its optimal operability for resecting lesions extending into the entire inferior orbit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmine Antonio Donofrio
- Department of Neurosurgery and Gamma Knife Radiosurgery, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy. .,Department of Neurosurgery, Manchester Centre for Clinical Neurosciences, Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, University of Manchester, Stott Lane, Manchester, M6 8HD, UK.
| | - Lucia Riccio
- Department of Neurosurgery and Gamma Knife Radiosurgery, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Omar N Pathmanaban
- Department of Neurosurgery, Manchester Centre for Clinical Neurosciences, Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, University of Manchester, Stott Lane, Manchester, M6 8HD, UK
| | - Antonio Fioravanti
- Department of Neurosurgery, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale Cremona, Ospedale di Cremona, Cremona, Italy
| | - Anthony J Caputy
- Department of Neurosurgery, George Washington Hospital, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, D.C., USA
| | - Pietro Mortini
- Department of Neurosurgery and Gamma Knife Radiosurgery, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
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Transorbital endoscopic approaches to the skull base: a systematic literature review and anatomical description. Neurosurg Rev 2021; 44:2857-2878. [PMID: 33479806 PMCID: PMC8490260 DOI: 10.1007/s10143-020-01470-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Revised: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Transorbital endoscopic approaches are increasing in popularity as they provide corridors to reach various areas of the ventral skull base through the orbit. They can be used either alone or in combination with different approaches when dealing with the pathologies of the skull base. The objective of the current study is to evaluate the surgical anatomy of transorbital endoscopic approaches by cadaver dissections as well as providing objective clinical data on their actual employment and morbidity through a systematic review of the current literature. Four cadaveric specimens were dissected, and step-by-step dissection of each endoscopic transorbital approach was performed to identify the main anatomic landmarks and corridors. A systematic review with pooled analysis of the current literature from January 2000 to April 2020 was performed and the related studies were analyzed. Main anatomical landmarks are presented based on the anatomical study and systematic review of the literature. With emphasis on the specific transorbital approach used, indications, surgical technique, and complications are reviewed through the systematic review of 42 studies (19 in vivo and 23 anatomical dissections) including 193 patients. In conclusion, transorbital endoscopic approaches are promising and appear as feasible techniques for the surgical treatment of skull base lesions. Surgical anatomy of transorbital endoscopic approaches can be mastered through knowledge of a number of anatomical landmarks. Based on data available in the literature, transorbital endoscopic approaches represent an important complementary that should be included in the armamentarium of a skull base team.
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Lee RP, Khalafallah AM, Gami A, Mukherjee D. The Lateral Orbitotomy Approach for Intraorbital Lesions. J Neurol Surg B Skull Base 2020; 81:435-441. [PMID: 33072483 DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1713904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The lateral orbitotomy approach (LOA) was first described by Kronlein in 1888 and has since been subject to many modifications and variations. When considering orbital approaches, the location of the pathology is often more important in decision making than the type of pathology. The LOA is best suited for access to intraconal and extraconal lesions lateral to the optic nerve. Pathologies treated via the LOA include primary orbital tumors, extraorbital tumors with local extension into the orbit, and distantly metastatic lesions to the orbit. These all often initially manifest with vision loss, oculomotor deficits, or proptosis. The expertise of a multidisciplinary team is needed to execute safe and effective treatment. Collaboration between many specialties may be required, including ophthalmology, neurosurgery, otolaryngology, plastic surgery, oncology, and anesthesiology. The modern technique involves either a lateral canthotomy or eyelid crease incision with removal of the lateral orbital wall. It affords many advantages over a pterional craniotomy, primarily a lower approach morbidity and superior cosmetic outcomes. Reconstruction is fairly simple and the rate of complications-vision loss and extraocular muscle palsy-are low and infrequently permanent. Deep orbital apex location and intracranial extension have traditionally been considered limitations of this approach. However, with increased surgeon comfort, modern technique, and the adoption of endoscopy, these limits have expanded to even include primarily intracranial pathologies. This review details the LOA, including the general technique, its indications and limitations, reconstruction considerations, complications, and recent data from case series. The focus is on microscopic access to intraorbital lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan P Lee
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
| | - Adham M Khalafallah
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
| | - Abhishek Gami
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
| | - Debraj Mukherjee
- Department of Neurosurgery, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States
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Abstract
For removal of tumors and foreign bodies from the orbit, for treatment of severe inflammatory diseases, and for repositioning of bone fragments following fractures or during reconstruction of the bony orbit, several different surgical approaches are available. During the past decade, improved understanding of the pathology and pathophysiology of particular orbital diseases, advancements in clinical endoscopy and microscopy, the introduction of modern imaging techniques for preoperative visualization of pathologic findings, modern approaches to orbital reconstruction, as well as developments in adjuvant therapy have led to a reduction in invasiveness and development of the modern minimally invasive surgical approaches to the orbit usually used today. This review article aims to describe several surgical approaches to the orbit that are nowadays commonly applied-frequently in the context of interdisciplinary therapy-as well as their indications and potential complications. Particular attention is paid to minimally invasive approaches. These different surgical approaches allow a 360-degree exposure of the internal orbital structures with the optic nerve at the center ("round the clock access to the orbit"). The review is complemented by hints and tricks for particular approaches, as well as by a review of the latest literature in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- H-J Welkoborsky
- HNO-Klinik, Kopf- und Halschirurgie, regionale plastische Chirurgie, Klinikum Nordstadt, KRH GmbH, Haltenhoffstraße 41, 30167, Hannover, Deutschland.
| | - S K Plontke
- Universitätsklinik und Poliklinik für Hals-Nasen-Ohren-Heilkunde, Kopf- und Hals-Chirurgie, Medizinische Fakultät, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Universitätsklinikum Halle (Saale), Halle (Saale), Deutschland
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11
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Laleva L, Spiriev T, Dallan I, Prats-Galino A, Catapano G, Nakov V, de Notaris M. Pure Endoscopic Lateral Orbitotomy Approach to the Cavernous Sinus, Posterior, and Infratemporal Fossae: Anatomic Study. J Neurol Surg B Skull Base 2018; 80:295-305. [PMID: 31143574 DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1669937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2018] [Accepted: 08/01/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective The aim of this anatomic study is to describe a fully endoscopic lateral orbitotomy extradural approach to the cavernous sinus, posterior, and infratemporal fossae. Material and Methods Three prefixed latex-injected head specimens (six orbital exposures) were used in the study. Before and after dissection, a computed tomography scan was performed on each cadaver head and a neuronavigation system was used to guide the approach. The extent of bone removal and the area of exposure of the targeted corridor were evaluated with the aid of OsiriX software (Pixmeo, Bernex, Switzerland). Results The lateral orbital approach offers four main endoscopic extradural routes: the anteromedial, posteromedial, posterior, and inferior. The anteromedial route allows a direct route to the optic canal by removal of the anterior clinoid process, whereas the posteromedial route allows for exposure of the lateral wall of the cavernous sinus. The posterior route is targeted to Meckel's cave and provides access to the posterior cranial fossa by exposure and drilling of the petrous apex, whereas the inferior route gives access to the pterygopalatine and infratemporal fossae by drilling the floor of the middle cranial fossa and the bone between the second and third branches of the trigeminal nerve. Conclusion The lateral orbitotomy endoscopic approach provides direct access to the cavernous sinus, posterior, and infratemporal fossae. Advantages of the approach include a favorable angle of attack, minimal brain retraction, and the possibility of dissection within the two dural layers of the cavernous sinus without entering its neurovascular compartment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Laleva
- Department of Neurosurgery, Acibadem City Clinic Tokuda Hospital, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Toma Spiriev
- Department of Neurosurgery, Acibadem City Clinic Tokuda Hospital, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Iacopo Dallan
- First Otorhinolaryngologic Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Pisana, Pisa, Italy
| | - Alberto Prats-Galino
- Laboratory of Surgical Neuroanatomy (LSNA), Faculty of Medicine, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Giuseppe Catapano
- Department of Neuroscience, Neurosurgery Operative Unit "G. Rummo" Hospital, Benevento, Italy
| | - Vladimir Nakov
- Department of Neurosurgery, Acibadem City Clinic Tokuda Hospital, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Matteo de Notaris
- Department of Neuroscience, Neurosurgery Operative Unit "G. Rummo" Hospital, Benevento, Italy
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12
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Berhouma M. Letter to the Editor: Let well alone: can the endoscopic extended endonasal approach to the lateral orbital apex be considered as minimally invasive? J Neurosurg Pediatr 2016; 17:765-6. [PMID: 26919316 DOI: 10.3171/2015.11.peds15682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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13
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Marchioni D, Bertossi D, Soloperto D, Bianconi L, Procacci P, Nocini PF. Traumatic Intraconal Foreign Body: Report of an Injury Corrected With Combined Surgical and Endoscopic Treatment. Oper Neurosurg (Hagerstown) 2016; 12:14-18. [PMID: 29506244 DOI: 10.1227/neu.0000000000001150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2015] [Accepted: 10/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Management of penetrating ocular splinter injuries is very controversial. Penetrating wounds of the orbit represent a complex therapeutic problem that requires a multidisciplinary approach. Endoscopic approaches to the orbit are currently performed through the lamina papyracea to access the medial part, or through large orbitotomies to access the lateral part. OBJECTIVE To describe a novel combined approach to the lateral part of the orbit. METHODS Clinical and surgical findings of intraorbital foreign body removal are presented. A minimal supraorbital osteotomy was performed, combined with endoscopic intraorbital dissection. RESULTS The foreign body was removed, no postoperative complications were reported, and visual acuity increased from 2/10 preoperatively, to 8/10 one month after surgery. CONCLUSION The present technique can be considered a safe and novel surgical approach to access the retrobulbar space and to treat the pathology of this anatomic region.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Marchioni
- Section of ENT Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Dario Bertossi
- Section of Dentistry and Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Davide Soloperto
- Section of ENT Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Luca Bianconi
- Section of ENT Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Pasquale Procacci
- Section of Dentistry and Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Pier Francesco Nocini
- Section of Dentistry and Maxillofacial Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
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