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Sunpongsri S, Kovitvadhi A, Rattanasrisomporn J, Trisaksri V, Jensirisak N, Jaroensong T. Effectiveness and Adverse Events of Cyclophosphamide, Vincristine, and Prednisolone Chemotherapy in Feline Mediastinal Lymphoma Naturally Infected with Feline Leukemia Virus. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12070900. [PMID: 35405890 PMCID: PMC8997098 DOI: 10.3390/ani12070900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Revised: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Feline leukemia virus (FeLV) infection is considered a poor prognostic factor for feline lymphoma. This study investigated the prevalence of cats suffering from feline lymphoma with natural infection of the feline leukemia virus, as well as clinical signs, adverse events, and survival time after cyclophosphamide, vincristine and prednisolone (COP) chemotherapy. This retrospective study involved 92 cats diagnosed with mediastinal or mediastinal plus other anatomical sites of lymphoma and treated with COP chemotherapy. FeLV-antigen-positive was observed in all cats. Clinical signs and adverse events were observed after the 1st, 2nd, and 3rd inductions. Clinical signs improved after the 3rd induction of COP chemotherapy. The response rate was 96.74% (81.52% complete response, 15.22% partial response, and 3.26% no response). The overall median survival time was 338 days (range 62−1057 days). The overall response rate and median survival time of cats with feline lymphoma that were FeLV-antigen-positive and treated with COP chemotherapy were higher than from other studies. This study found that cats aged <4 years survived longer than those aged at least 4 years. Anemia (before COP), azotemia (after 2nd induction), and elevated alanine aminotransferase (after 1st induction) were associated with an increased chance of mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Supita Sunpongsri
- Kasetsart University Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, 50 Ngamwongwan Rd., Lat Yao, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand; (S.S.); (V.T.); (N.J.)
- Department of Companion Animal Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, 50 Ngamwongwan Rd., Lat Yao, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand;
| | - Attawit Kovitvadhi
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, 50 Ngamwongwan Rd., Lat Yao, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand;
| | - Jatuporn Rattanasrisomporn
- Department of Companion Animal Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, 50 Ngamwongwan Rd., Lat Yao, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand;
| | - Viphavee Trisaksri
- Kasetsart University Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, 50 Ngamwongwan Rd., Lat Yao, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand; (S.S.); (V.T.); (N.J.)
| | - Nichakorn Jensirisak
- Kasetsart University Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, 50 Ngamwongwan Rd., Lat Yao, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand; (S.S.); (V.T.); (N.J.)
| | - Tassanee Jaroensong
- Department of Companion Animal Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, 50 Ngamwongwan Rd., Lat Yao, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand;
- Correspondence:
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Hartmann K, Hofmann-Lehmann R. What's New in Feline Leukemia Virus Infection. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract 2020; 50:1013-1036. [PMID: 32680664 DOI: 10.1016/j.cvsm.2020.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Feline leukemia virus (FeLV) is a retrovirus with global impact on the health of domestic cats that causes tumors (mainly lymphoma), bone marrow disorders, and immunosuppression. The importance of FeLV is underestimated due to complacency associated with previous decline in prevalence. However, with this comes lowered vigilance, which, along with potential for regressively infected cats to reactivate viremia and shed the virus or develop clinical signs, can pose a risk to feline health. This article summarizes knowledge on FeLV pathogenesis, courses of infection, and factors affecting prevalance, infection outcome, and development of FeLV-associated diseases, with special focus on regressive FeLV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrin Hartmann
- Clinic of Small Animal Medicine, Centre for Clinical Veterinary Medicine LMU Munich, Veterinaerstrasse 13, Munich 80539, Germany.
| | - Regina Hofmann-Lehmann
- Clinical Laboratory, Department for Clinical Diagnostics and Services, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 260, Zurich 8057, Switzerland
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Abdollahi-Pirbazari M, Jamshidi S, Nassiri SM, Zamani-Ahmadmahmudi M. Comparative measurement of FeLV load in hemolymphatic tissues of cats with hematologic cytopenias. BMC Vet Res 2019; 15:460. [PMID: 31856815 PMCID: PMC6924046 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-019-2208-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2019] [Accepted: 12/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Feline leukemia virus (FeLV) is a serious viral infection in cats. FeLV is found in some tissues, such as spleen, lymph nodes and epithelial tissues. However, there is controversy about the organ in which the virus can be reliably detected in infected cats. The purpose of this study was to determine the level of viral infection in hemolymphatic tissues, including blood, bone marrow and spleen by reverse-transcriptase quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR). RESULTS A total of 31 cats with clinical signs of FeLV infection associated with at least a single lineage hematologic cytopenia were included in this study. Peripheral blood, bone marrow and spleen samples were obtained from each cat. Complete blood counts, biochemical tests, and a rapid test to detect FeLV p27 antigen in blood samples of cats were performed. Of 31 cats, 9 had anemia alone, 4 had thrombocytopenia alone, 2 had neutropenia alone, 9 had bicytopenia of anemia and thrombocytopenia, 3 had bicytopenia of anemia and neutropenia, and 4 had pancytopenia. FeLV RNA was then detected by RT-qPCR in the whole blood, bone marrow and spleen. Viral RNA copy numbers were detected in all cats by RT-qPCR whereas 24 out of 31 cats were positive for the serum FeLV antigen. We detected a significantly greater number of viral RNA in the spleen compared with the whole blood and bone marrow. CONCLUSION Spleen is a site where FeLV is most frequently detected in cats with hematologic cytopenias.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Shahram Jamshidi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Mahdi Nassiri
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Qareeb St., Azadi Ave, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mohamad Zamani-Ahmadmahmudi
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
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