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Wojtczak A. Differentiation Disorders of Chara vulgaris Spermatids following Treatment with Propyzamide. Cells 2023; 12:cells12091268. [PMID: 37174667 PMCID: PMC10177507 DOI: 10.3390/cells12091268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Microtubules are cytoskeletal cell elements that also build flagella and cilia. Moreover, these structures participate in spermatogenesis and form a microtubular manchette during spermiogenesis. The present study aims to assess the influence of propyzamide, a microtubule-disrupting agent, on alga Chara vulgaris spermatids during their differentiation by means of immunofluorescent and electron microscopy methods. Propyzamide blocks the functioning of the β-tubulin microtubule subunit, which results in the creation of a distorted shape of a sperm nucleus at some stages. Present ultrastructural studies confirm these changes. In nuclei, an altered chromatin arrangement and nuclear envelope fragmentation were observed in the research as a result of incorrect nucleus-cytoplasm transport behavior that disturbed the action of proteolytic enzymes and the chromatin remodeling process. In the cytoplasm, large autolytic vacuoles and the dilated endoplasmic reticulum (ER) system, as well as mitochondria, were revealed in the studies. In some spermatids, the arrangement of microtubules present in the manchette was disturbed and the structure was also fragmented. The observations made in the research at present show that, despite some differences in the manchette between Chara and mammals, and probably also in the alga under study, microtubules participate in the intramanchette transport (IMT) process, which is essential during spermatid differentiation. In the present study, the effect of propyzamide on Chara spermiogenesis is also presented for the first time; however, the role of microtubule-associated proteins in this process still needs to be elucidated in the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Wojtczak
- Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, Department of Cytophysiology, University of Lodz, 141/143 Pomorska, 90-236 Lodz, Poland
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El-Tanani M, Al Khatib AO, Al-Najjar BO, Shakya AK, El-Tanani Y, Lee YF, Serrano-Aroca Á, Mishra V, Mishra Y, Aljabali AA, Goyal R, Negi P, Farani MR, Binabaj MM, Gholami A, Binabaj MM, Charbe NB, Tambuwala MM. Cellular and molecular basis of therapeutic approaches to breast cancer. Cell Signal 2023; 101:110492. [PMID: 36241056 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2022.110492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
In recent decades, there has been a significant amount of research into breast cancer, with some important breakthroughs in the treatment of both primary and metastatic breast cancers. It's a well-known fact that treating breast cancer is still a challenging endeavour even though physicians have a fantastic toolset of the latest treatment options at their disposal. Due to limitations of current clinical treatment options, traditional chemotherapeutic drugs, and surgical options are still required to address this condition. In recent years, there have been several developments resulting in a wide range of treatment options. This review article discusses the cellular and molecular foundation of chemotherapeutic drugs, endocrine system-based treatments, biological therapies, gene therapy, and innovative techniques for treating breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed El-Tanani
- Pharmacological and Diagnostic Research Centre, Al-Ahliyya Amman University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Amman, Jordan; Centre for Cancer Research and Cell Biology, Queen's University Belfast, Grosvenor Road, Belfast BT12 6BJ, Northern Ireland, UK; Institute of Cancer Therapeutics, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Bradford, Bradford, UK.
| | - Arwa Omar Al Khatib
- Pharmacological and Diagnostic Research Centre, Al-Ahliyya Amman University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Amman, Jordan
| | - Belal O Al-Najjar
- Pharmacological and Diagnostic Research Centre, Al-Ahliyya Amman University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Amman, Jordan
| | - Ashok K Shakya
- Pharmacological and Diagnostic Research Centre, Al-Ahliyya Amman University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Amman, Jordan
| | - Yahia El-Tanani
- Centre for Cancer Research and Cell Biology, Queen's University Belfast, Grosvenor Road, Belfast BT12 6BJ, Northern Ireland, UK; Institute of Cancer Therapeutics, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Bradford, Bradford, UK
| | - Yin-Fai Lee
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Science, Ulster University, Coleraine BT52 1SA, UK; School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge CB1 1PT, UK; Neuroscience, Psychology & Behaviour, College of Life Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 9HN, UK
| | - Ángel Serrano-Aroca
- Biomaterials and Bioengineering Laboratory, Centro de Investigación Traslacional San Alberto Magno, Universidad Católica de Valencia San Vicente Mártir, c/Guillem de Castro 94, 46001 Valencia, Spain
| | - Vijay Mishra
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, Punjab, India
| | - Yachana Mishra
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, Punjab, India
| | - Alaa A Aljabali
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Yarmouk University, Irbid 566, Jordan
| | - Rohit Goyal
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shoolini University of Biotechnology & Management Sciences, Solan 173229, India
| | - Poonam Negi
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shoolini University of Biotechnology & Management Sciences, Solan 173229, India
| | - Marzieh Ramezani Farani
- Toxicology and Diseases Group (TDG), Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center (PSRC), the Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (TIPS), Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), 1417614411 Tehran, Iran.
| | - Maryam Moradi Binabaj
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, Sabzevar, Iran
| | - Amir Gholami
- Student Research Committee, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Maryam Moradi Binabaj
- Student Research Committee, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Nitin B Charbe
- Center for pharmacometrics and system pharmacology, department of pharmaceutics, college of pharmacy, University of Florida, FL, USA
| | - Murtaza M Tambuwala
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Science, Ulster University, Coleraine BT52 1SA, UK; Neuroscience, Psychology & Behaviour, College of Life Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 9HN, UK.
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