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Laccase-catalyzed derivatization of 6-aminopenicillanic, 7-aminocephalosporanic and 7-aminodesacetoxycephalosporanic acid. AMB Express 2020; 10:177. [PMID: 33006678 PMCID: PMC7532246 DOI: 10.1186/s13568-020-01117-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Trametes spec. laccase (EC 1.10.3.2.) mediates the oxidative coupling of 6-aminopenicillanic, 7-aminocephalosporanic, and 7-aminodesacetoxycephalosporanic acid with 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid derivatives to form new penicillin and cephalosporin structures, respectively. The heteromolecular hybrid dimers are formed by nuclear amination of the p-hydroquinones with the primary amines and inhibited in vitro the growth of Staphylococcus species, including some multidrug-resistant strains.
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2
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Hahn V, Mikolasch A, Weitemeyer J, Petters S, Davids T, Lalk M, Lackmann JW, Schauer F. Ring-Closure Mechanisms Mediated by Laccase to Synthesize Phenothiazines, Phenoxazines, and Phenazines. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:14324-14339. [PMID: 32596570 PMCID: PMC7315418 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c00719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The green and environmentally friendly synthesis of highly valuable organic substances is one possibility for the utilization of laccases (EC 1.10.3.2). As reactants for the herein described syntheses, different o-substituted arylamines or arylthiols and 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid and its derivatives were used. In this way, the formation of phenothiazines, phenoxazines, and phenazines was achieved in aqueous solution mediated by the laccase of Pycnoporus cinnabarinus in the presence of oxygen. Two types of phenothiazines (3-hydroxy- and 3-oxo-phenothiazines) formed in one reaction assay were described for the first time. The cyclization reactions yielded C-N, C-S, or C-O bonds. The syntheses were investigated with regard to the substitution pattern of the reaction partners. Differences in C-S and C-N bond formations without cyclization are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronika Hahn
- Institut
für Mikrobiologie, Universität
Greifswald, Friedrich-Ludwig-Jahn Str. 15, 17487 Greifswald, Germany
- Leibniz-Institut
für Plasmaforschung und Technologie e.V. (INP), Felix-Hausdorff-Str. 2, 17489 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Annett Mikolasch
- Institut
für Mikrobiologie, Universität
Greifswald, Friedrich-Ludwig-Jahn Str. 15, 17487 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Josephine Weitemeyer
- Institut
für Mikrobiologie, Universität
Greifswald, Friedrich-Ludwig-Jahn Str. 15, 17487 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Sebastian Petters
- Institut
für Mikrobiologie, Universität
Greifswald, Friedrich-Ludwig-Jahn Str. 15, 17487 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Timo Davids
- Institut
für Mikrobiologie, Universität
Greifswald, Friedrich-Ludwig-Jahn Str. 15, 17487 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Michael Lalk
- Institut
für Biochemie, Universität
Greifswald, Felix-Hausdorff-Str. 4, 17487 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Jan-Wilm Lackmann
- Leibniz-Institut
für Plasmaforschung und Technologie e.V. (INP), Felix-Hausdorff-Str. 2, 17489 Greifswald, Germany
| | - Frieder Schauer
- Institut
für Mikrobiologie, Universität
Greifswald, Friedrich-Ludwig-Jahn Str. 15, 17487 Greifswald, Germany
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3
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Chitosan hydrogel formation using laccase activated phenolics as cross-linkers. Carbohydr Polym 2017; 157:814-822. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2016.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2016] [Revised: 10/05/2016] [Accepted: 10/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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4
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Laccase catalysis for the synthesis of bioactive compounds. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2016; 101:13-33. [PMID: 27872999 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-016-7987-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2016] [Revised: 11/01/2016] [Accepted: 11/04/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The demand for compounds of therapeutic value is increasing mainly because of new applications of bioactive compounds in medicine, pharmaceutical, agricultural, and food industries. This has necessitated the search for cost-effective methods for producing bioactive compounds and therefore the intensification of the search for enzymatic approaches in organic synthesis. Laccase is one of the enzymes that have shown encouraging potential as biocatalysts in the synthesis of bioactive compounds. Laccases are multicopper oxidases with a diverse range of catalytic activities revolving around synthesis and degradative reactions. They have attracted much attention as potential industrial catalysts in organic synthesis mainly because they are essentially green catalysts with a diverse substrate range. Their reaction only requires molecular oxygen and releases water as the only by-product. Laccase catalysis involves the abstraction of a single electron from their substrates to produce reactive radicals. The free radicals subsequently undergo homo- and hetero-coupling to form dimeric, oligomeric, polymeric, or cross-coupling products which have practical implications in organic synthesis. Consequently, there is a growing body of research focused on the synthetic applications of laccases such as organic synthesis, hair and textile dyeing, polymer synthesis, and grafting processes. This paper reviews the major advances in laccase-mediated synthesis of bioactive compounds, the mechanisms of enzymatic coupling, structure-activity relationships of synthesized compounds, and the challenges that might guide future research directions.
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Targeted synthesis of novel β-lactam antibiotics by laccase-catalyzed reaction of aromatic substrates selected by pre-testing for their antimicrobial and cytotoxic activity. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2016; 100:4885-99. [PMID: 26780358 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-016-7288-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2015] [Revised: 12/29/2015] [Accepted: 12/30/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The rapidly increasing problem of antimicrobial-drug resistance requires the development of new antimicrobial agents. The laccase-catalyzed amination of dihydroxy aromatics is a new and promising method to enlarge the range of currently available antibiotics. Thirty-eight potential 1,2- and 1,4-hydroquinoid laccase substrates were screened for their antibacterial and cytotoxic activity to select the best substrates for laccase-catalyzed coupling reaction resulting in potent antibacterial derivatives. As a result, methyl-1,4-hydroquinone and 2,3-dimethyl-1,4-hydroquinone were used as parent compounds and 14 novel cephalosporins, penicillins, and carbacephems were synthesized by amination with amino-β-lactam structures. All purified products were stable in aqueous buffer and resistant to the action of β-lactamases, and in agar diffusion and broth micro-dilution assays, they inhibited the growth of several Gram-positive bacterial strains including multidrug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and Enterococci. Their in vivo activity and cytotoxicity in a Staphylococcus-infected, immune-suppressed mouse model are discussed.
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6
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Forootanfar H, Faramarzi MA. Insights into laccase producing organisms, fermentation states, purification strategies, and biotechnological applications. Biotechnol Prog 2015; 31:1443-63. [DOI: 10.1002/btpr.2173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2015] [Revised: 08/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hamid Forootanfar
- Dept. of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy; Kerman University of Medical Sciences; Kerman Iran
| | - Mohammad Ali Faramarzi
- Dept. of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy & Biotechnology Research Center; Tehran University of Medical Sciences; Tehran 1417614411 Iran
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7
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Mogharabi M, Faramarzi MA. Laccase and Laccase-Mediated Systems in the Synthesis of Organic Compounds. Adv Synth Catal 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.201300960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 183] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
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8
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Laccase-mediated synthesis of 2-methoxy-3-methyl-5-(alkylamino)- and 3-methyl-2,5-bis(alkylamino)-[1,4]-benzoquinones. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molcatb.2013.01.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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9
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Hahn V, Mikolasch A, Schauer F. Cleavage and synthesis function of high and low redox potential laccases towards 4-morpholinoaniline and aminated as well as chlorinated phenols. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2013; 98:1609-20. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-013-4984-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2013] [Revised: 04/30/2013] [Accepted: 05/02/2013] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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10
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Mikolasch A, Manda K, Schlüter R, Lalk M, Witt S, Seefeldt S, Hammer E, Schauer F, Jülich WD, Lindequist U. Comparative analyses of laccase-catalyzed amination reactions for production of novel β-lactam antibiotics. Biotechnol Appl Biochem 2012; 59:295-306. [DOI: 10.1002/bab.1026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2012] [Accepted: 06/01/2012] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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11
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Cross-linking of collagen with laccases and tyrosinases. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2011.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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12
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Potential applications of laccase-mediated coupling and grafting reactions: A review. Enzyme Microb Technol 2011; 48:195-208. [DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2010.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 237] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2010] [Revised: 11/02/2010] [Accepted: 11/23/2010] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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13
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Derivatization of the azole 1-aminobenzotriazole using laccase ofPycnoporus cinnabarinusandMyceliophthora thermophila: influence of methanol on the reaction and biological evaluation of the derivatives. Biotechnol Appl Biochem 2010; 56:43-8. [DOI: 10.1042/ba20100078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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14
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Laccase-catalyzed cross-linking of amino acids and peptides with dihydroxylated aromatic compounds. Amino Acids 2010; 39:671-83. [DOI: 10.1007/s00726-010-0488-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2009] [Accepted: 01/16/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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15
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Wellington KW, Steenkamp P, Brady D. Diamination by N-coupling using a commercial laccase. Bioorg Med Chem 2010; 18:1406-14. [PMID: 20122836 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2010.01.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2010] [Accepted: 01/11/2010] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Nuclear diamination of p-hydrobenzoquinones with aromatic and aliphatic primary amines was catalysed by an immobilised commercial laccase, Denilite II Base, from Novozymes. The amine and the p-hydrobenzoquinone was reacted under mild conditions (at room temperature and at 35 degrees C) in a reaction vessel open to air in the presence of laccase and a co-solvent to afford, exclusively, the diaminated p-benzoquinone. These compounds may have potential antiallergic, antibiotic, anticancer, antifungal, antiviral and/or 5-lipoxygenase inhibiting activity.
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16
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Synthesis of model morpholine derivatives with biological activities by laccase-catalysed reactions. Biotechnol Appl Biochem 2009; 54:187-95. [DOI: 10.1042/ba20090219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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17
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Steffensen CL, Stensballe A, Kidmose U, Degn PE, Andersen ML, Nielsen JH. Modifications of amino acids during ferulic acid-mediated, laccase-catalysed cross-linking of peptides. Free Radic Res 2009; 43:1167-78. [DOI: 10.3109/10715760903247215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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18
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Hahn V, Mikolasch A, Manda K, Gördes D, Thurow K, Schauer F. Derivatization of amino acids by fungal laccases: Comparison of enzymatic and chemical methods. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molcatb.2009.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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19
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20
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Mikolasch A, Schauer F. Fungal laccases as tools for the synthesis of new hybrid molecules and biomaterials. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2009; 82:605-24. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-009-1869-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 170] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2008] [Revised: 01/09/2009] [Accepted: 01/10/2009] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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21
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Schroeder M, Fatarella E, Kovač J, Guebitz GM, Kokol V. Laccase-Induced Grafting on Plasma-Pretreated Polypropylene. Biomacromolecules 2008; 9:2735-41. [DOI: 10.1021/bm800450b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Schroeder
- Institute of Engineering Materials and Design, University of Maribor, Smetanova ul. 17, SI-2000 Maribor, Slovenia, Tecnotessile Società Nazionale di Ricerca Tecnologica, Via del Gelso 13, I-59100 Prato, Italy, Joěf Štefan Institute, Jamova 39, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia, and Department of Environmental Biotechnology, Graz University of Technology, Petersgasse 12, A-8010 Graz, Austria
| | - E. Fatarella
- Institute of Engineering Materials and Design, University of Maribor, Smetanova ul. 17, SI-2000 Maribor, Slovenia, Tecnotessile Società Nazionale di Ricerca Tecnologica, Via del Gelso 13, I-59100 Prato, Italy, Joěf Štefan Institute, Jamova 39, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia, and Department of Environmental Biotechnology, Graz University of Technology, Petersgasse 12, A-8010 Graz, Austria
| | - J. Kovač
- Institute of Engineering Materials and Design, University of Maribor, Smetanova ul. 17, SI-2000 Maribor, Slovenia, Tecnotessile Società Nazionale di Ricerca Tecnologica, Via del Gelso 13, I-59100 Prato, Italy, Joěf Štefan Institute, Jamova 39, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia, and Department of Environmental Biotechnology, Graz University of Technology, Petersgasse 12, A-8010 Graz, Austria
| | - G. M. Guebitz
- Institute of Engineering Materials and Design, University of Maribor, Smetanova ul. 17, SI-2000 Maribor, Slovenia, Tecnotessile Società Nazionale di Ricerca Tecnologica, Via del Gelso 13, I-59100 Prato, Italy, Joěf Štefan Institute, Jamova 39, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia, and Department of Environmental Biotechnology, Graz University of Technology, Petersgasse 12, A-8010 Graz, Austria
| | - V. Kokol
- Institute of Engineering Materials and Design, University of Maribor, Smetanova ul. 17, SI-2000 Maribor, Slovenia, Tecnotessile Società Nazionale di Ricerca Tecnologica, Via del Gelso 13, I-59100 Prato, Italy, Joěf Štefan Institute, Jamova 39, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia, and Department of Environmental Biotechnology, Graz University of Technology, Petersgasse 12, A-8010 Graz, Austria
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22
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Mikolasch A, Wurster M, Lalk M, Witt S, Seefeldt S, Hammer E, Schauer F, Jülich WD, Lindequist U. Novel beta-lactam antibiotics synthesized by amination of catechols using fungal laccase. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2008; 56:902-7. [PMID: 18591799 DOI: 10.1248/cpb.56.902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Novel cephalosporins, penicillins, and carbacephems were synthesized by amination of catechols with amino-beta-lactams like cefadroxil, amoxicillin, ampicillin and the structurally related carbacephem loracarbef using laccase from Trametes sp. All isolated monoaminated products inhibited the growth of several Gram positive bacterial strains in the agar diffusion assay, among them methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains and vancomycin-resistant Enterococci. Observed differences in the cytotoxicity and in vivo activity in a "Staphylococcus-infected, immune suppressed mouse" model are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annett Mikolasch
- Institute of Microbiology, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt-University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.
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23
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Hahn V, Mikolasch A, Manda K, Gördes D, Thurow K, Schauer F. Laccase-catalyzed carbon-nitrogen bond formation: coupling and derivatization of unprotected L-phenylalanine with different para-hydroquinones. Amino Acids 2008; 37:315-21. [PMID: 18695937 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-008-0154-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2008] [Accepted: 07/10/2008] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Unprotected L-phenylalanine was derivatized by an innovative enzymatic method by means of laccases from Pycnoporus cinnabarinus and Myceliophthora thermophila. During the incubation of L-phenylalanine with para-hydroquinones using laccase as biocatalyst, one or two main products were formed. Dependent on the substitution grade of the hydroquinones mono- and diaminated products were detected. Differences of the used laccases are discussed. The described reactions are of interest for the derivatization of amino acids and a synthesis of pharmacological-active amino acid structures in the field of white biotechnology.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Hahn
- Institut für Mikrobiologie, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt-Universität Greifswald, F.-L.-Jahnstr. 15, 17487 Greifswald, Germany.
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24
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Mikolasch A, Matthies A, Lalk M, Schauer F. Laccase-induced C-N coupling of substituted p-hydroquinones with p-aminobenzoic acid in comparison with known chemical routes. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2008; 80:389-97. [PMID: 18668239 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-008-1595-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2007] [Revised: 06/26/2008] [Accepted: 06/26/2008] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Fungal laccases (benzenediol:oxygen oxidoreductase, EC 1.10.3.2) from Pycnoporus cinnabarinus and Myceliophthora thermophila were used as biocatalysts for enzymatic reaction of halogen-, alkyl-, alkoxy-, and carbonyl-substituted p-hydroquinones (laccase substrates) with p-aminobenzoic acid (no laccase substrate). During this reaction, the laccase substrate was oxidized to the corresponding quinones, which react with p-aminobenzoic acid by amination of the laccase substrate. The different substitutions at the hydroquinone substrates were used to prove whether the substituents influence the position of amination and product yields. The cross-coupling of methoxy-p-hydroquinone (alkoxylated) and 2,5-dihydroxybenzaldehyd (carbonyl-substituted) with p-aminobenzoic acid resulted in the formation of one monoaminated product (yield alkoxylated 52%). If monohalogen- or monoalkyl-substituted p-hydroquinones were used as laccase substrates, two monoaminated products (constitution isomers) were formed. The simultaneous formation of two different monoaminated products from the same hydroquinone substrate is the first report for laccase-mediated synthesis of aminated constitution isomers. Depending from the type of substituent of the hydroquinone, the positions of the two monoaminations are different. While the amination at the monoalkylated hydroquinone occurs at the 5- and 6-positions (yield 38%), the amination at monohalogenated hydroquinones was detectable at the 3- and 5-positions (yield 53%). The same product pattern could be achieved if instead of the biocatalyst laccase the chemical catalyst sodium iodate was used as the oxidant. However, the yields were partially much lower (0-45% of the yields with laccase).
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Affiliation(s)
- Annett Mikolasch
- Institute of Microbiology, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt-University, Greifswald, Germany.
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25
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Mikolasch A, Hessel S, Salazar MG, Neumann H, Manda K, Gōrdes D, Schmidt E, Thurow K, Hammer E, Lindequist U, Beller M, Schauer F. Synthesis of New N-Analogous Corollosporine Derivatives with Antibacterial Activity by Laccase-Catalyzed Amination. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2008; 56:781-6. [DOI: 10.1248/cpb.56.781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Annett Mikolasch
- Institute of Microbiology, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt-University Greifswald
| | - Susanne Hessel
- Institute of Microbiology, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt-University Greifswald
| | - Manuela Gesell Salazar
- Interfacultary Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt-University Greifswald
| | | | - Katrin Manda
- Institute of Microbiology, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt-University Greifswald
| | | | | | | | - Elke Hammer
- Interfacultary Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt-University Greifswald
| | | | | | - Frieder Schauer
- Institute of Microbiology, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt-University Greifswald
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26
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Mikolasch A, Niedermeyer THJ, Lalk M, Witt S, Seefeldt S, Hammer E, Schauer F, Gesell Salazar M, Hessel S, Jülich WD, Lindequist U. Novel cephalosporins synthesized by amination of 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid derivatives using fungal laccases II. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2007; 55:412-6. [PMID: 17329882 DOI: 10.1248/cpb.55.412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Sixteen novel cephalosporins were synthesized by amination of 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid derivatives with the aminocephalosporins cefadroxil, cefalexin, cefaclor, and the structurally related carbacephem loracarbef using laccases from Trametes sp. or Myceliophthora thermophila. All products inhibited the growth of several Gram positive bacterial strains in the agar diffusion assay, among them methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus and vancomycin-resistant enterococci. The products protected mice against an infection with Staphylococcus aureus lethal to the control animals. Cytotoxicity and acute toxicity of the new compounds were negligible. The results show the usefulness of laccase for the synthesis of potential new antibiotics. The biological activity of the new compounds stimulates intensified pharmacological tests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annett Mikolasch
- Institute of Microbiology, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt-University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany.
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27
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Manda K, Gördes D, Mikolasch A, Hammer E, Schmidt E, Thurow K, Schauer F. Carbon-oxygen bond formation by fungal laccases: cross-coupling of 2,5-dihydroxy-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-benzamide with the solvents water, methanol, and other alcohols. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2007; 76:407-16. [PMID: 17576553 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-007-1024-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2007] [Revised: 05/20/2007] [Accepted: 05/21/2007] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Laccase-catalyzed reactions lead to oxidation of the substrate via a cation radical, which has been described to undergo proton addition to form a quinonoid derivative or nucleophilic attack by itself producing homomolecular dimers. In this study, for the substrate 2,5-dihydroxy-N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-benzamide, we show that, besides the quinonoid form of substrate, all products formed are nonhomomolecular ones. Indeed, without addition of a reaction partner, heteromolecular products are formed from the quinonoid form of the laccase-substrate and the solvents water or methanol present in the incubation assay. Consequently, in laccase catalyzed syntheses performed in aqueous solutions or in the presence of methanol or other alcohols, undesirable heteromolecular coupling reactions between the laccase substrate and solvents must be taken into account. Additionally, it could be shown at the example of methanol and other alcohols that C-O-bound cross-coupling of dihydroxylated aromatic substances with the hydroxyl group of aliphatic alcohols can be catalyzed by fungal laccases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrin Manda
- Institute for Microbiology, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt-University Greifswald, Friedrich-Ludwig-Jahn-Str. 15, 17487 Greifswald, Germany.
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