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Salama RHM, Ali SS, Salama THM, Almged MA, Alsanory TA, Alsanory AA, Aboutaleb H, Ezzat GM. Dietary Effects of Nanopowder Eggshells on Mineral Contents, Bone Turnover Biomarkers, and Regulators of Bone Resorption in Healthy Rats and Ovariectomy-Induced Osteoporosis Rat Model. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2023; 195:5034-5052. [PMID: 35895253 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-022-04038-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Postmenopausal osteoporosis is a critical issue for female health worldwide. This current study was designed to evaluate the role of nanopowder eggshell (NPES) in healthy and ovariectomy-induced osteoporosis rats. Fifty-six female rats were divided into healthy rats (35) and ovariectomized rats (21). The healthy rats were subdivided into five groups (G1-G5) and received one of the following treatments: saline, 20 or 40 mg/kg of calcium carbonate, and 20 or 40 mg/kg of NPES. The 21 ovariectomized rats were divided into three groups (G6-G8) and received either saline, 40 mg/kg of calcium carbonate, or 40 mg/kg of NPES. Biochemical and histopathological assessments of bone formation and resorption were performed. Biomarkers of bone formation (calcium and osteocalcin (OCN)) and calcium content in left femur ashes were significantly higher in healthy rats given 40-mg/kg NPES than in healthy control rats and healthy rats given 40-mg/kg calcium carbonate. The ovariectomized groups had significantly lower levels of vitamin D3, OCN, and osteoprotegerin (OPG) than the healthy control. Alanine transaminase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL) were significantly increased in the ovariectomized group than in the healthy control group. Treatment with NPES and calcium carbonate reduced liver enzymes in ovariectomized rats. NPES treatment significantly increased Vit D3, OCN, OPG, and bone ash mineral content (calcium, magnesium, zinc, and phosphorus) in ovariectomized rats. NPES also increased femur cortical thickness, osteoblast number, and collagen fiber. The current study suggests that NPES can modulate bone turnover biomarkers and increase bone trace elements. Moreover, NPES alleviates bone resorption in ovariectomy-induced osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ragaa H M Salama
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Assiut University, Assiut, 71515, Egypt.
| | - Safaa S Ali
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Histology, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | | | | | - Tasneem A Alsanory
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Biochemistry, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Aya A Alsanory
- Department of Radiotherapy and Nuclear Medicine, South Egypt Cancer Institute, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Hesham Aboutaleb
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Assiut University Hospital, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Ghada M Ezzat
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Assiut University, Assiut, 71515, Egypt.
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Efficacy of Calcium-Containing Eggshell Powder Supplementation on Urinary Fluoride and Fluorosis Symptoms in Women in the Ethiopian Rift Valley. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13041052. [PMID: 33804976 PMCID: PMC8063921 DOI: 10.3390/nu13041052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Revised: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Dietary calcium binds Fluoride (F), thus preventing excess F absorption. We aimed to assess the efficacy of supplementing calcium-containing Eggshell Powder (ESP) on F absorption using urine F excretion and on fluorosis symptoms. In total, 82 women (41 Intervention Group, IG; 41 Control Group, CG) were recruited; overall, 39 in each group completed the trial. Morning spot urine was collected before (baseline, BL) and after (endline, EL) the intervention that was 6-months daily supplementation with 2.4 g ESP (providing ~1000 mg of calcium). Dental, skeletal, and non-skeletal fluorosis assessments was carried out at BL and, except for dental, at EL. Relative risk (RR) and linear generalized estimating equation were used to compare outcomes between groups. At BL, urinary F excretion in the IG and CG groups was similar, ~10 mg/L. At EL, urinary F excretion in IG women was six-fold lower (β = -6.1 (95% CI: -7.1, -5.1)) compared to CG. The risk of developing skeletal and non-skeletal fluorosis were significantly (p < 0.001) reduced in the intervention group. A significant reduction in urinary F excretion and reduction in many fluorosis symptoms were observed among women supplemented with calcium-containing ESP, thus providing evidence for using this dietary calcium source for mitigation of fluorosis. Clinical trials registration: NCT03355222.
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Omelka R, Martiniakova M, Svik K, Slovak L, Payer J, Oppenbergerova I, Kovacova V, Babikova M, Soltesova-Prnova M. The effects of eggshell calcium (Biomin H ® ) and its combinations with alfacalcidol (1α-hydroxyvitamin D3) and menaquinone-7 (vitamin K2) on ovariectomy-induced bone loss in a rat model of osteoporosis. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2021; 105:336-344. [PMID: 33012134 DOI: 10.1111/jpn.13458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of eggshell calcium (Biomin H® dietary supplement) and its combinations with alfacalcidol (1α-hydroxyvitamin D3 ) and menaquinone-7 (vitamin K2 ) on ovariectomy-induced bone loss in rats. Adult female rats (n = 48) were divided into 6 groups of 8 individuals each: sham-operated rats (SHAM); ovariectomized (OVX) rats untreated; OVX rats treated with Biomin H® (BIO); OVX rats simultaneously receiving Biomin H® , vitamin D3 (BIO + D3 ); OVX rats simultaneously treated with Biomin H® , vitamin K2 (BIO + K2 ) and OVX rats treated with Biomin H® , vitamin D3 , vitamin K2 (BIO + D3 + K2 ) during 8 weeks. Biochemical parameters, bone mineral density (BMD), bone mineral content (BMC) and femoral bone microstructure were determined. Plasma calcium and phosphate were increased in BIO + D3 and BIO + D3 + K2 groups as compared to OVX. Alkaline phosphatase was elevated in OVX, BIO versus SHAM, BIO + D3 + K2 groups. When compared to OVX group, decreased urine deoxypyridinoline was observed in all treated groups and femoral BMD, BMC were higher in BIO, BIO + D3 , BIO + D3 + K2 groups. The BIO + K2 rats had similar densitometrical values than OVX individuals. Microcomputed tomography revealed increased trabecular relative bone volume (due to an increase in trabecular number) in BIO + D3 , BIO + D3 + K2 as compared to OVX. The higher relative bone volume in BIO + D3 , BIO + D3 + K2 groups was also accompanied by an increase in bone surface. In the cortical bone, an enhanced periosteal bone apposition was identified in BIO, BIO + D3 , BIO + K2 , BIO + D3 + K2 groups. The rats from BIO + D3 + K2 group had a higher area of primary osteon's vascular canals. In BIO + D3 , BIO + K2 , BIO + D3 + K2 groups, an increased area of secondary osteons was determined in comparison with OVX. Our results indicate the beneficial effect of triple application of Biomin H® , vitamin D3 , vitamin K2 , as well as simultaneous administration of Biomin H® , vitamin D3 on the inhibition of ovariectomy-induced bone loss in a rat model of osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radoslav Omelka
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, Nitra, Slovakia
| | - Monika Martiniakova
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, Nitra, Slovakia
| | - Karol Svik
- Centre of Experimental Medicine, Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Lukas Slovak
- Centre of Experimental Medicine, Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Juraj Payer
- Clinic of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Faculty Hospital Ružinov, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | | | - Veronika Kovacova
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, Nitra, Slovakia
| | - Martina Babikova
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, Nitra, Slovakia
| | - Marta Soltesova-Prnova
- Centre of Experimental Medicine, Institute of Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Bratislava, Slovakia
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Konwar M, Chetia M, Sarma D. A Low-Cost, Well-Designed Catalytic System Derived from Household Waste "Egg Shell": Applications in Organic Transformations. Top Curr Chem (Cham) 2019; 377:6. [PMID: 30675643 DOI: 10.1007/s41061-018-0230-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2018] [Accepted: 12/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
A waste feedstock-derived economical basic alternative catalyst is described in this review. Eggshell is one of the household wastes created in tons of weight daily. Therefore, in order to reduce the environmental pollution-related problems, its use in heterogeneous catalysis can be attributed as a great contribution for the chemical and material science society to carry out several known reactions and for the much-needed energy alternative biodiesel production as low-cost catalytic system. Keeping green chemistry in mind, industrial use of these catalysts may also reduce the use of other traditionally used high-cost chemical catalytic systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manashjyoti Konwar
- Department of Chemistry, Dibrugarh University, Dibrugarh, Assam, 786004, India
| | - Mitali Chetia
- Department of Chemistry, Dibrugarh University, Dibrugarh, Assam, 786004, India
| | - Diganta Sarma
- Department of Chemistry, Dibrugarh University, Dibrugarh, Assam, 786004, India.
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Konwar M, Boruah PR, Saikia PJ, Khupse ND, Sarma D. ESP-Promoted Suzuki-Miyaura Cross-Coupling and Peptide Bond Formation Reactions in Water at Room Temperature. ChemistrySelect 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201700638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Manashjyoti Konwar
- Department of Chemistry; Dibrugarh University; Dibrugarh- 786004, Assam India
| | - Preeti Rekha Boruah
- Department of Chemistry; Dibrugarh University; Dibrugarh- 786004, Assam India
| | - Prakash J. Saikia
- Analytical Chemistry Division; CSIR-North East Institute of Science & Technology; Jorhat- 785006, Assam India
| | | | - Diganta Sarma
- Department of Chemistry; Dibrugarh University; Dibrugarh- 786004, Assam India
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Konwar M, Ali AA, Chetia M, Saikia PJ, Khupse ND, Sarma D. ESP Promoted “On Water” Click Reaction: A Highly Economic and Sustainable Protocol for 1,4-Disubstituted-1H-1,2,3-Triazole Synthesis at Room Temperature. ChemistrySelect 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201601267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Manashjyoti Konwar
- Department of Chemistry; Dibrugarh university; Dibrugarh- 786004, Assam India
| | - Abdul A. Ali
- Department of Chemistry; Dibrugarh university; Dibrugarh- 786004, Assam India
| | - Mitali Chetia
- Department of Chemistry; Dibrugarh university; Dibrugarh- 786004, Assam India
| | - Prakash J. Saikia
- Analytical Chemistry Division; CSIR-North East Institute of Science & Technology; Jorhat- 785006, Assam India
| | - Nageshwar D. Khupse
- Physical Chemistry Division; CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory; Pune- 411008 India
| | - Diganta Sarma
- Department of Chemistry; Dibrugarh university; Dibrugarh- 786004, Assam India
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Milbradt BG, da Silva JS, Silveira AS, Dutra LDO, Pereira RDR, Callegaro MDGK, Emanuelli T. Eggshell fractions containing different particle sized affect mineral absorption but not bone mineral retention in growing rats. Int J Food Sci Nutr 2016; 68:210-218. [PMID: 27600255 DOI: 10.1080/09637486.2016.1227306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to compare the calcium (Ca) bioavailability from eggshell fractions containing different particle size to purified CaCO3 in male growing rats. Mineral absorption, bone mineral concentration, and biomechanical properties were evaluated. Mean Ca absorption of rats fed with eggshell diets amounted to 56.2% of the ingested Ca, which is considered high. However, we observed lower Ca absorption in large-sized particle eggshell fraction (ES L) and small-sized particle eggshell fraction groups but similar Ca absorption in intermediate-sized particle eggshell fraction (ES M) compared with the CaCO3 group. Rats that received ES M and ES L had higher P and Mg absorption than the CaCO3 group. No changes were observed in the bone mineral deposition, weight or mechanical resistance. We conclude that eggshell Ca is well absorbed by the intestine and retained in bones of growing rats, being a low cost alternative to achieve adequate Ca ingestion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruna Gressler Milbradt
- a Graduate Program in Food Science and Technology , Center of Rural Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria , Santa Maria , Brazil.,b Department of Food Technology and Science, Integrated Center for Laboratory Analysis Development (NIDAL) , Center of Rural Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria , Santa Maria , Brazil
| | - Jéssica Soares da Silva
- b Department of Food Technology and Science, Integrated Center for Laboratory Analysis Development (NIDAL) , Center of Rural Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria , Santa Maria , Brazil
| | - Andressa Schneiders Silveira
- b Department of Food Technology and Science, Integrated Center for Laboratory Analysis Development (NIDAL) , Center of Rural Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria , Santa Maria , Brazil
| | - Laila de Oliveira Dutra
- b Department of Food Technology and Science, Integrated Center for Laboratory Analysis Development (NIDAL) , Center of Rural Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria , Santa Maria , Brazil
| | - Rosana da Rosa Pereira
- b Department of Food Technology and Science, Integrated Center for Laboratory Analysis Development (NIDAL) , Center of Rural Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria , Santa Maria , Brazil
| | - Maria da Graça Kolinski Callegaro
- b Department of Food Technology and Science, Integrated Center for Laboratory Analysis Development (NIDAL) , Center of Rural Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria , Santa Maria , Brazil
| | - Tatiana Emanuelli
- b Department of Food Technology and Science, Integrated Center for Laboratory Analysis Development (NIDAL) , Center of Rural Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria , Santa Maria , Brazil
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9
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Brun LR, Lupo M, Delorenzi DA, Di Loreto VE, Rigalli A. Chicken eggshell as suitable calcium source at home. Int J Food Sci Nutr 2013; 64:740-3. [DOI: 10.3109/09637486.2013.787399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Safety evaluation of a natural eggshell membrane-derived product. Food Chem Toxicol 2012; 50:604-11. [PMID: 22245377 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2011.12.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2010] [Revised: 12/23/2011] [Accepted: 12/24/2011] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Natural Eggshell Membrane (NEM®) is a novel dietary ingredient that contains naturally occurring glycosaminoglycans and proteins essential for maintaining healthy joint and connective tissues. NEM® was evaluated for safety via in vitro and in vivo toxicological studies. This included testing for cytotoxicity, genotoxicity, acute oral toxicity, and 90-day repeated-dose oral toxicity. NEM® did not exhibit any cytotoxic effects at a dose of 100 μg in an in vitro human cell viability assay after incubation for up to 20 h. NEM® did not exhibit any genotoxic effects in an in vitro assay of four strains of histidine-dependent Salmonella typhimurium and one strain of tryptophan-dependent Escherichia coli at a dose of up to 5000 μg/plate. NEM® did not exhibit any signs of acute toxicity in rats at a single oral dose of up to 2000 mg/kg body weight, nor signs of toxicity (via urinalysis, hematology, clinical chemistry, or histopathological evaluation) in rats at a repeated oral dose of up to 2000 mg/kg body weight per day for 90 days. The results of these studies suggest that NEM® may be safe for human consumption.
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Meiron OE, Bar-David E, Aflalo ED, Shechter A, Stepensky D, Berman A, Sagi A. Solubility and bioavailability of stabilized amorphous calcium carbonate. J Bone Miner Res 2011; 26:364-72. [PMID: 20690187 DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2010] [Revised: 07/01/2010] [Accepted: 07/22/2010] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Since its role in the prevention of osteoporosis in humans was proven some 30 years ago, calcium bioavailability has been the subject of numerous scientific studies. Recent technology allowing the production of a stable amorphous calcium carbonate (ACC) now enables a bioavailability analysis of this unique form of calcium. This study thus compares the solubility and fractional absorption of ACC, ACC with chitosan (ACC-C), and crystalline calcium carbonate (CCC). Solubility was evaluated by dissolving these preparations in dilute phosphoric acid. The results demonstrated that both ACC and ACC-C are more soluble than CCC. Fractional absorption was evaluated by intrinsically labeling calcium carbonate preparations with (45)Ca, orally administrated to rats using gelatin capsules. Fractional absorption was determined by evaluating the percentage of the administrated radioactive dose per milliliter that was measured in the serum, calcium absorption in the femur, and whole-body retention over a 34-hour period. Calcium serum analysis revealed that calcium absorption from ACC and ACC-C preparations was up to 40% higher than from CCC, whereas retention of ACC and ACC-C was up to 26.5% higher than CCC. Absorbed calcium in the femurs of ACC-administrated rats was 30% higher than in CCC-treated animals, whereas 15% more calcium was absorbed following ACC-C treatment than following CCC treatment. This study demonstrates the enhanced solubility and bioavailability of ACC over CCC. The use of stable ACC as a highly bioavailable dietary source for calcium is proposed based on the findings of this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oren E Meiron
- Department of Life Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
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Park HS, Ahn J, Kwak HS. Effect of nano-calcium-enriched milk on calcium metabolism in ovariectomized rats. J Med Food 2009; 11:454-9. [PMID: 18800891 DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2007.0086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was designed to examine the effect of different kinds of calcium enrichment on serum and urine indices of mineral status in ovariectomized rats. Twenty-four 7-week-old Sprague-Dawley female rats were divided into four groups, ovariectomized, and fed diets containing the following: (1) Control, non-Ca-enriched milk; (2) OVX1, calcium carbonate-enriched milk; (3) OVX2, ionized Ca-enriched milk; and (4) OVX3, nano-Ca-enriched milk. After 18 weeks of feeding, the food efficiency ratio in the nano-Ca-fed group was significantly lower compared with those in the Control and OVX2 groups. There was no difference in serum and fecal Ca among the groups. The bone/total alkaline phosphatase ratio was significantly higher in rats fed milk enriched with nano-Ca (59%) and calcium carbonate (62%) than in control (44%) animals. Urinary Ca was the highest in the nano-Ca-enriched group; however, urinary excretions of deoxypyridinoline and hydroxyproline were significantly decreased in the nano-Ca-enriched group. The present results indicate that consumption of nano-Ca-enriched milk resulted in an increase of urinary excretion of calcium and a decrease in deoxypyridinoline and hydroxyproline in ovariectomized rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heung-Sik Park
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Sejong University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Fujinaka H, Nakamura J, Kobayashi H, Takizawa M, Murase D, Tokimitsu I, Suda T. Glucose 1-phosphate increases active transport of calcium in intestine. Arch Biochem Biophys 2006; 460:152-60. [PMID: 17320035 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2006.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2006] [Revised: 09/08/2006] [Accepted: 09/08/2006] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Active calcium transport in intestine is essential for serum calcium homeostasis as well as for bone formation. It is well recognized that vitamin D is a major, if not sole, stimulator of intestinal calcium transport activity in mammals. Besides vitamin D, endogenous glucose 1-phosphate (G1P) affects calcium transport activity in some microorganisms. In this study, we investigated whether G1P affects intestinal calcium transport activity in mammals as well. Of several glycolytic intermediates, G1P was the sole sugar compound in stimulating intestinal calcium uptake in Caco-2 cells. G1P stimulated net calcium influx and expression of calbindin D9K protein in rat intestine, through an active transport mechanism. Calcium uptake in G1P-supplemented rats was greater than that in the control rats fed a diet containing adequate vitamin D3. Bone mineral density (BMD) of aged rat femoral metaphysis and diaphysis was also increased by feeding the G1P diet. G1P did not affect serum levels of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 [1,25(OH)2D3] at all. These results suggest that exogenously applied G1P stimulates active transport of calcium in intestine, independent of vitamin D, leading to an increase of BMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hidetake Fujinaka
- Biological Science Laboratories, Kao Corporation, 2606 Akabane, Ichikaimachi, Haga, Tochigi 321-3497, Japan
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