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Hausinger RP, Rifayee SBJS, Thomas MG, Chatterjee S, Hu J, Christov CZ. Biological formation of ethylene. RSC Chem Biol 2023; 4:635-646. [PMID: 37654506 PMCID: PMC10467617 DOI: 10.1039/d3cb00066d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
This review summarizes the structures, biochemical properties, and mechanisms of two major biological sources of ethylene, the ethylene-forming enzyme (EFE) and 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) oxidase (ACCO). EFE is found in selected bacteria and fungi where it catalyzes two reactions: (1) the oxygen-dependent conversion of 2-oxoglutarate (2OG) to ethylene plus three molecules of CO2/bicarbonate and (2) the oxidative decarboxylation of 2OG while transforming l-arginine to guanidine and l-Δ1-pyrroline-5-carboxylic acid. ACCO is present in plants where it makes the plant hormone by transforming ACC, O2, and an external reductant to ethylene, HCN, CO2, and water. Despite catalyzing distinct chemical reactions, EFE and ACCO are related in sequence and structure, and both enzymes require Fe(ii) for their activity. Advances in our understanding of EFE, derived from both experimental and computational approaches, have clarified how this enzyme catalyzes its dual reactions. Drawing on the published mechanistic studies of ACCO and noting the parallels between this enzyme and EFE, we propose a novel reaction mechanism for ACCO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert P Hausinger
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Michigan State University East Lansing Michigan 48824 USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University East Lansing Michigan 48824 USA
| | | | - Midhun G Thomas
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan Technological University Houghton Michigan 49931 USA
| | - Shramana Chatterjee
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Michigan State University East Lansing Michigan 48824 USA
| | - Jian Hu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University East Lansing Michigan 48824 USA
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University East Lansing Michigan 48824 USA
| | - Christo Z Christov
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan Technological University Houghton Michigan 49931 USA
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2
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Genome scale analysis of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate oxidase gene family in G. barbadense and its functions in cotton fiber development. Sci Rep 2023; 13:4004. [PMID: 36899024 PMCID: PMC10006085 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-30071-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
A class of proteins, 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate oxidase (ACO), is required in the final step of production of ethylene from its immediate precursor 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC). Despite the crucial and regulatory role of ACO gene family in the fiber development, it has not been thoroughly analyzed and annotated in G. barbadense genome. In the present study, we have identified and characterized all isoforms of ACO gene family from genomes of Gossypium arboreum, G. barbadense, G. hirsutum and G. raimondii. Phylogenetic analysis classified all ACO proteins into six distinct groups on the basis of maximum likelihood. Gene locus analysis and circos plots indicated the distribution and relationship of these genes in cotton genomes. Transcriptional profiling of ACO isoforms in G. arboreum, G. barbadense and G. hirsutum fiber development exhibited the highest expression in G. barbadense during early fiber elongation. Moreover, the accumulation of ACC was found highest in developing fibers of G. barbadense in comparison with other cotton species. ACO expression and ACC accumulation correlated with the fiber length in cotton species. Addition of ACC to the ovule cultures of G. barbadense significantly increased fiber elongation while ethylene inhibitors hindered fiber elongation. These findings will be helpful in dissecting the role of ACOs in cotton fiber development and pave a way towards genetic manipulations for fiber quality improvement.
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3
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The Functions of Chloroplastic Ascorbate in Vascular Plants and Algae. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032537. [PMID: 36768860 PMCID: PMC9916717 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Ascorbate (Asc) is a multifunctional metabolite essential for various cellular processes in plants and animals. The best-known property of Asc is to scavenge reactive oxygen species (ROS), in a highly regulated manner. Besides being an effective antioxidant, Asc also acts as a chaperone for 2-oxoglutarate-dependent dioxygenases that are involved in the hormone metabolism of plants and the synthesis of various secondary metabolites. Asc also essential for the epigenetic regulation of gene expression, signaling and iron transport. Thus, Asc affects plant growth, development, and stress resistance via various mechanisms. In this review, the intricate relationship between Asc and photosynthesis in plants and algae is summarized in the following major points: (i) regulation of Asc biosynthesis by light, (ii) interaction between photosynthetic and mitochondrial electron transport in relation to Asc biosynthesis, (iii) Asc acting as an alternative electron donor of photosystem II, (iv) Asc inactivating the oxygen-evolving complex, (v) the role of Asc in non-photochemical quenching, and (vi) the role of Asc in ROS management in the chloroplast. The review also discusses differences in the regulation of Asc biosynthesis and the effects of Asc on photosynthesis in algae and vascular plants.
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4
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Santos IS, Ribeiro THC, de Oliveira KKP, dos Santos JO, Moreira RO, Lima RR, Lima AA, Chalfun-Junior A. Multigenic regulation in the ethylene biosynthesis pathway during coffee flowering. PHYSIOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY OF PLANTS : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FUNCTIONAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 28:1657-1669. [PMID: 36387981 PMCID: PMC9636343 DOI: 10.1007/s12298-022-01235-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Ethylene regulates different aspects of the plant's life cycle, such as flowering, and acts as a defense signal in response to environmental stresses. Changes induced by water deficit (WD) in gene expression of the main enzymes involved in ethylene biosynthesis, 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid synthase (ACS) and oxidase (ACO), are frequently reported in plants. In this study, coffee (Coffea arabica) ACS and ACO family genes were characterized and their expression profiles were analyzed in leaves, roots, flower buds, and open flowers from plants under well-watered (WW) and water deficit (WD) conditions. Three new ACS genes were identified. Water deficit did not affect ACS expression in roots, however soil drying strongly downregulated ACO expression, indicating a transcriptional constraint in the biosynthesis pathway during the drought that can suppress ethylene production in roots. In floral buds, ACO expression is water-independent, suggesting a higher mechanism of control in reproductive organs during the final flowering stages. Leaves may be the main sites for ethylene precursor (1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid, ACC) production in the shoot under well-watered conditions, contributing to an increase in the ethylene levels required for anthesis. Given these results, we suggest a possible regulatory mechanism for the ethylene biosynthesis pathway associated with coffee flowering with gene regulation in leaves being a key point in ethylene production and ACO genes play a major regulatory role in roots and the shoots. This mechanism may constitute a regulatory model for flowering in other woody species. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12298-022-01235-y.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iasminy Silva Santos
- Plant Molecular Physiology Laboratory, Biology Department, Federal University of Lavras (UFLA), s/n, Cx., Postal 3037, Lavras, Minas Gerais 37200-900 Brazil
| | - Thales Henrique Cherubino Ribeiro
- Plant Molecular Physiology Laboratory, Biology Department, Federal University of Lavras (UFLA), s/n, Cx., Postal 3037, Lavras, Minas Gerais 37200-900 Brazil
| | - Kellen Kauanne Pimenta de Oliveira
- Plant Molecular Physiology Laboratory, Biology Department, Federal University of Lavras (UFLA), s/n, Cx., Postal 3037, Lavras, Minas Gerais 37200-900 Brazil
| | - Jacqueline Oliveira dos Santos
- Minas Gerais Agricultural Research Company, EPAMIG, Federal University of Lavras (UFLA), s/n, Cx., Postal 3037, Lavras, Minas Gerais 37200-900 Brazil
| | - Rafael Oliveira Moreira
- Plant Molecular Physiology Laboratory, Biology Department, Federal University of Lavras (UFLA), s/n, Cx., Postal 3037, Lavras, Minas Gerais 37200-900 Brazil
| | - Renato Ribeiro Lima
- Statistics Department, Federal University of Lavras (UFLA), s/n, Cx., Postal 3037, Lavras, Minas Gerais 37200-900 Brazil
| | - André Almeida Lima
- Plant Molecular Physiology Laboratory, Biology Department, Federal University of Lavras (UFLA), s/n, Cx., Postal 3037, Lavras, Minas Gerais 37200-900 Brazil
| | - Antonio Chalfun-Junior
- Plant Molecular Physiology Laboratory, Biology Department, Federal University of Lavras (UFLA), s/n, Cx., Postal 3037, Lavras, Minas Gerais 37200-900 Brazil
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5
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Zhang S, Li X, Wang Y, Yan L, Wei J, Liu Y. Computational Study of the C5-Hydroxylation Mechanism Catalyzed by the Diiron Monooxygenase PtmU3 as Part of the Platensimycin Biosynthesis. Inorg Chem 2021; 60:17783-17796. [PMID: 34762413 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c02407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
PtmU3 is a newly identified nonheme diiron monooxygenase, which installs a C-5 β-hydroxyl group into the C-19 CoA-ester intermediate involved in the biosynthesis of unique diterpene-derived scaffolds of platensimycin and platencin. PtmU3 possesses a noncanonical diiron active site architecture of a saturated six-coordinate iron center and lacks the μ-oxo bridge. Although the hydroxylation process is a simple reaction for nonheme mononuclear iron-dependent enzymes, how PtmU3 employs the diiron center to catalyze the H-abstraction and OH-rebound is still unknown. In particular, the electronic characteristic of diiron is also unclear. To understand the catalytic mechanism of PtmU3, we constructed two reactant models in which both the Fe1II-Fe2III-superoxo and Fe1II-Fe2IV═O are considered to trigger the H-abstraction and performed a series of quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics calculations. Our calculation results reveal that PtmU3 is a special monooxygenase, that is, both atoms of the dioxygen molecule can be incorporated into two molecules of the substrate by the successive reactions. In the first-round reaction, PtmU3 uses the Fe1II-Fe2III-superoxo to install a hydroxyl group into the substrate, generating the high-reactive Fe1II-Fe2IV═O complex. In the second-round reaction, the Fe1II-Fe2IV═O species is responsible for the hydroxylation of another molecule of the substrate. In the diiron center, Fe2 adopts the high spin state (S = 5/2) during the catalysis, whereas for Fe1, in addition to its structural role, it may also play an assistant role for Fe1 catalysis. In the two successive OH-installing steps, the H-abstraction is always the rate-liming step. E241 and D308 not only act as bridging ligands to connect two Fe ions but also take part in the electron reorganization. Owing to the high reactivity of Fe1II-Fe2IV═O compared to Fe1II-Fe2III-superoxo, besides the C5-hydroxylation, the C3- or C18-hydroxylation was also calculated to be feasible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiqing Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, Shandong, China
| | - Xinyi Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, Shandong, China
| | - Yijing Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, Shandong, China
| | - Lijuan Yan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, Shandong, China
| | - Jingjing Wei
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, Shandong, China
| | - Yongjun Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, Shandong, China
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6
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Yeh CCG, Pierides C, Jameson GNL, de Visser SP. Structure and Functional Differences of Cysteine and 3-Mercaptopropionate Dioxygenases: A Computational Study. Chemistry 2021; 27:13793-13806. [PMID: 34310770 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202101878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Thiol dioxygenases are important enzymes for human health; they are involved in the detoxification and catabolism of toxic thiol-containing natural products such as cysteine. As such, these enzymes have relevance to the development of Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases in the brain. Recent crystal structure coordinates of cysteine and 3-mercaptopropionate dioxygenase (CDO and MDO) showed major differences in the second-coordination spheres of the two enzymes. To understand the difference in activity between these two analogous enzymes, we created large, active-site cluster models. We show that CDO and MDO have different iron(III)-superoxo-bound structures due to differences in ligand coordination. Furthermore, our studies show that the differences in the second-coordination sphere and particularly the position of a positively charged Arg residue results in changes in substrate positioning, mobility and enzymatic turnover. Furthermore, the substrate scope of MDO is explored with cysteinate and 2-mercaptosuccinic acid and their reactivity is predicted.
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Affiliation(s)
- C-C George Yeh
- Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, The University of Manchester, 131 Princess Street, Manchester, M1 7DN, UK.,Department of Chemical Engineering and Analytical Science, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
| | - Christos Pierides
- Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, The University of Manchester, 131 Princess Street, Manchester, M1 7DN, UK.,Department of Chemical Engineering and Analytical Science, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
| | - Guy N L Jameson
- School of Chemistry, Bio21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology Institute, The University of Melbourne, 30 Flemington Road, Parkville, Vic, 3010, Australia
| | - Sam P de Visser
- Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, The University of Manchester, 131 Princess Street, Manchester, M1 7DN, UK.,Department of Chemical Engineering and Analytical Science, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
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7
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Ali HS, Henchman RH, Warwicker J, de Visser SP. How Do Electrostatic Perturbations of the Protein Affect the Bifurcation Pathways of Substrate Hydroxylation versus Desaturation in the Nonheme Iron-Dependent Viomycin Biosynthesis Enzyme? J Phys Chem A 2021; 125:1720-1737. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.1c00141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hafiz Saqib Ali
- Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, The University of Manchester, 131 Princess Street, Manchester M1 7DN, U.K
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K
| | - Richard H. Henchman
- Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, The University of Manchester, 131 Princess Street, Manchester M1 7DN, U.K
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K
| | - Jim Warwicker
- Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, The University of Manchester, 131 Princess Street, Manchester M1 7DN, U.K
- School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K
| | - Sam P. de Visser
- Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, The University of Manchester, 131 Princess Street, Manchester M1 7DN, U.K
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Analytical Science, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K
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8
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Xiao M, Li Z, Zhu L, Wang J, Zhang B, Zheng F, Zhao B, Zhang H, Wang Y, Zhang Z. The Multiple Roles of Ascorbate in the Abiotic Stress Response of Plants: Antioxidant, Cofactor, and Regulator. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:598173. [PMID: 33912200 PMCID: PMC8072462 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.598173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Ascorbate (ASC) plays a critical role in plant stress response. The antioxidant role of ASC has been well-studied, but there are still several confusing questions about the function of ASC in plant abiotic stress response. ASC can scavenge reactive oxygen species (ROS) and should be helpful for plant stress tolerance. But in some cases, increasing ASC content impairs plant abiotic stress tolerance, whereas, inhibiting ASC synthesis or regeneration enhances plant stress tolerance. This confusing phenomenon indicates that ASC may have multiple roles in plant abiotic stress response not just as an antioxidant, though many studies more or less ignored other roles of ASC in plant. In fact, ACS also can act as the cofactor of some enzymes, which are involved in the synthesis, metabolism, and modification of a variety of substances, which has important effects on plant stress response. In addition, ASC can monitor and effectively regulate cell redox status. Therefore, we believe that ASC has atleast triple roles in plant abiotic stress response: as the antioxidant to scavenge accumulated ROS, as the cofactor to involve in plant metabolism, or as the regulator to coordinate the actions of various signal pathways under abiotic stress. The role of ASC in plant abiotic stress response is important and complex. The detail role of ASC in plant abiotic stress response should be analyzed according to specific physiological process in specific organ. In this review, we discuss the versatile roles of ASC in the response of plants to abiotic stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minggang Xiao
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Zixuan Li
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- National Key Facility of Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Beijing, China
| | - Li Zhu
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- National Key Facility of Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Beijing, China
| | - Jiayi Wang
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- National Key Facility of Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Beijing, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Fuyu Zheng
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Beiping Zhao
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Haiwen Zhang
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- National Key Facility of Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Beijing, China
| | - Yujie Wang
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
- Yujie Wang,
| | - Zhijin Zhang
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- National Key Facility of Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Zhijin Zhang,
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9
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Ghafoor S, Mansha A, de Visser SP. Selective Hydrogen Atom Abstraction from Dihydroflavonol by a Nonheme Iron Center Is the Key Step in the Enzymatic Flavonol Synthesis and Avoids Byproducts. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:20278-20292. [PMID: 31749356 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b10526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The plant non-heme iron dioxygenase flavonol synthase performs a regioselective desaturation reaction as part of the biosynthesis of the signaling molecule flavonol that triggers the growing of leaves and flowers. These compounds also have health benefits for humans. Desaturation of aliphatic compounds generally proceeds through two consecutive hydrogen atom abstraction steps from two adjacent carbon atoms and in nature often is performed by a high-valent iron(IV)-oxo species. We show that the order of the hydrogen atom abstraction steps, however, is opposite of those expected from the C-H bond strengths in the substrate and determines the product distributions. As such, flavonol synthase follows a negative catalysis mechanism. Using density functional theory methods on large active-site model complexes, we investigated pathways for desaturation and hydroxylation by an iron(IV)-oxo active-site model. Contrary to thermochemical predictions, we find that the oxidant abstracts the hydrogen atom from the strong C2-H bond rather than the weaker C3-H bond of the substrate first. We analyze the origin of this unexpected selective hydrogen atom abstraction pathway and find that the alternative C3-H hydrogen atom abstraction would be followed by a low-energy and competitive substrate hydroxylation mechanism hence, should give considerable amount of byproducts. Our computational modeling studies show that substrate positioning in flavonol synthase is essential, as it guides the reactivity to a chemo- and regioselective substrate desaturation from the C2-H group, leading to desaturation products efficiently.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sidra Ghafoor
- The Manchester Institute of Biotechnology and Department of Chemical Engineering and Analytical Science , The University of Manchester , 131 Princess Street , Manchester M1 7DN , United Kingdom.,Department of Chemistry , Government College University Faisalabad , New Campus, Jhang Road , Faisalabad 38000 , Pakistan
| | - Asim Mansha
- Department of Chemistry , Government College University Faisalabad , New Campus, Jhang Road , Faisalabad 38000 , Pakistan
| | - Sam P de Visser
- The Manchester Institute of Biotechnology and Department of Chemical Engineering and Analytical Science , The University of Manchester , 131 Princess Street , Manchester M1 7DN , United Kingdom
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10
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Fournier E, Tachon S, Fowler NJ, Gerbaud G, Mansuelle P, Dorlet P, de Visser SP, Belle V, Simaan AJ, Martinho M. The Hunt for the Closed Conformation of the Fruit-Ripening Enzyme 1-Aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic Oxidase: A Combined Electron Paramagnetic Resonance and Molecular Dynamics Study. Chemistry 2019; 25:13766-13776. [PMID: 31424584 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201903003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2019] [Revised: 08/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
1-Aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic oxidase (ACCO) is a non-heme iron(II)-containing enzyme involved in the biosynthesis of the phytohormone ethylene, which regulates fruit ripening and flowering in plants. The active conformation of ACCO, and in particular that of the C-terminal part, remains unclear and open and closed conformations have been proposed. In this work, a combined experimental and computational study to understand the conformation and dynamics of the C-terminal part is reported. Site-directed spin-labeling coupled to electron paramagnetic resonance (SDSL-EPR) spectroscopy was used. Mutagenesis experiments were performed to generate active enzymes bearing two paramagnetic labels (nitroxide radicals) anchored on cysteine residues, one in the main core and one in the C-terminal part. Inter-spin distance distributions were measured by pulsed EPR spectroscopy and compared with the results of molecular dynamics simulations. The results reveal the existence of a flexibility of the C-terminal part. This flexibility generates several conformations of the C-terminal part of ACCO that correspond neither to the existing crystal structures nor to the modelled structures. This highly dynamic region of ACCO raises questions on its exact function during enzymatic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eugénie Fournier
- Aix Marseille Univ, Centrale Marseille, CNRS, iSm2, Marseille, France.,Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, BIP, Marseille, France
| | - Sybille Tachon
- Aix Marseille Univ, Centrale Marseille, CNRS, iSm2, Marseille, France
| | - Nicholas J Fowler
- Manchester Institute of Biotechnology and Department of, Chemical Engineering and Analytical Science, The University of Manchester, 131 Princess Street, Manchester, M1 7DN, UK
| | | | - Pascal Mansuelle
- CNRS, FR3479 Institut de Microbiologie de la Méditerranée, Plateforme Protéomique, Marseille Protéomique (MaP), IBiSA labeled, Aix Marseille Univ, Marseille, France
| | | | - Sam P de Visser
- Manchester Institute of Biotechnology and Department of, Chemical Engineering and Analytical Science, The University of Manchester, 131 Princess Street, Manchester, M1 7DN, UK
| | | | - A Jalila Simaan
- Aix Marseille Univ, Centrale Marseille, CNRS, iSm2, Marseille, France
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11
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Ghattas W, Dubosclard V, Tachon S, Beaumet M, Guillot R, Réglier M, Simaan AJ, Mahy J. Cu
II
‐Containing 1‐Aminocyclopropane Carboxylic Acid Oxidase Is an Efficient Stereospecific Diels–Alderase. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:14605-14609. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201909407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wadih Ghattas
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d'Orsay (ICMMO), UMR 8182 CNRS – Univ Paris Sud Université Paris-Saclay Orsay 91405 Cedex France
| | - Virginie Dubosclard
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d'Orsay (ICMMO), UMR 8182 CNRS – Univ Paris Sud Université Paris-Saclay Orsay 91405 Cedex France
| | - Sybille Tachon
- Institut des Sciences Moléculaires de Marseille (iSm2), UMR 7313 CNRS – Aix Marseille Univ Centrale Marseille Marseille 13013 Cedex France
| | - Morane Beaumet
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d'Orsay (ICMMO), UMR 8182 CNRS – Univ Paris Sud Université Paris-Saclay Orsay 91405 Cedex France
| | - Régis Guillot
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d'Orsay (ICMMO), UMR 8182 CNRS – Univ Paris Sud Université Paris-Saclay Orsay 91405 Cedex France
| | - Marius Réglier
- Institut des Sciences Moléculaires de Marseille (iSm2), UMR 7313 CNRS – Aix Marseille Univ Centrale Marseille Marseille 13013 Cedex France
| | - A. Jalila Simaan
- Institut des Sciences Moléculaires de Marseille (iSm2), UMR 7313 CNRS – Aix Marseille Univ Centrale Marseille Marseille 13013 Cedex France
| | - Jean‐Pierre Mahy
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d'Orsay (ICMMO), UMR 8182 CNRS – Univ Paris Sud Université Paris-Saclay Orsay 91405 Cedex France
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12
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Ghattas W, Dubosclard V, Tachon S, Beaumet M, Guillot R, Réglier M, Simaan AJ, Mahy J. Cu
II
‐Containing 1‐Aminocyclopropane Carboxylic Acid Oxidase Is an Efficient Stereospecific Diels–Alderase. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201909407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wadih Ghattas
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d'Orsay (ICMMO), UMR 8182 CNRS – Univ Paris Sud Université Paris-Saclay Orsay 91405 Cedex France
| | - Virginie Dubosclard
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d'Orsay (ICMMO), UMR 8182 CNRS – Univ Paris Sud Université Paris-Saclay Orsay 91405 Cedex France
| | - Sybille Tachon
- Institut des Sciences Moléculaires de Marseille (iSm2), UMR 7313 CNRS – Aix Marseille Univ Centrale Marseille Marseille 13013 Cedex France
| | - Morane Beaumet
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d'Orsay (ICMMO), UMR 8182 CNRS – Univ Paris Sud Université Paris-Saclay Orsay 91405 Cedex France
| | - Régis Guillot
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d'Orsay (ICMMO), UMR 8182 CNRS – Univ Paris Sud Université Paris-Saclay Orsay 91405 Cedex France
| | - Marius Réglier
- Institut des Sciences Moléculaires de Marseille (iSm2), UMR 7313 CNRS – Aix Marseille Univ Centrale Marseille Marseille 13013 Cedex France
| | - A. Jalila Simaan
- Institut des Sciences Moléculaires de Marseille (iSm2), UMR 7313 CNRS – Aix Marseille Univ Centrale Marseille Marseille 13013 Cedex France
| | - Jean‐Pierre Mahy
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d'Orsay (ICMMO), UMR 8182 CNRS – Univ Paris Sud Université Paris-Saclay Orsay 91405 Cedex France
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13
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Hagel JM, Facchini PJ. Expanding the roles for 2-oxoglutarate-dependent oxygenases in plant metabolism. Nat Prod Rep 2019; 35:721-734. [PMID: 29488530 DOI: 10.1039/c7np00060j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Covering: up to 2018 2-Oxoglutarate-dependent oxygenases (2ODOs) comprise a large enzyme superfamily in plant genomes, second in size only to the cytochromes P450 monooxygenase (CYP) superfamily. 2ODOs participate in both primary and specialized plant pathways, and their occurrence across all life kingdoms points to an ancient origin. Phylogenetic evidence supports substantial expansion and diversification of 2ODOs following the split from the common ancestor of land plants. More conserved roles for these enzymes include oxidation within hormone metabolism, such as the recently described capacity of Dioxygenase for Auxin Oxidation (DAO) for governing auxin homeostasis. Conserved structural features among 2ODOs has provided a basis for continued investigation into their mechanisms, and recent structural work is expected to illuminate intriguing reactions such as that of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid oxidase (ACCO). Phylogenetic radiation among this superfamily combined with neo- and subfunctionalization has enabled recruitment to highly specialized pathways, including those yielding medicines, flavours, dyes, poisons, and compounds important for plant-environment interactions. Catalytic versatility of 2ODOs in plants and across broader taxa continues to inspire biochemists tasked with the discovery of new enzymes. This highlight article summarizes recent reports up to 2018 of 2ODOs within plant metabolism. Furthermore, the respective contributions of 2ODOs and other oxidases to natural product biosynthesis are discussed as a framework for continued discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Hagel
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive N.W., Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada.
| | - P J Facchini
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive N.W., Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada.
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14
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Chemical Modification of 1-Aminocyclopropane Carboxylic Acid (ACC) Oxidase: Cysteine Mutational Analysis, Characterization, and Bioconjugation with a Nitroxide Spin Label. Mol Biotechnol 2019; 61:650-662. [DOI: 10.1007/s12033-019-00191-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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15
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Houben M, Van de Poel B. 1-Aminocyclopropane-1-Carboxylic Acid Oxidase (ACO): The Enzyme That Makes the Plant Hormone Ethylene. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2019; 10:695. [PMID: 31191592 PMCID: PMC6549523 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.00695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 157] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2019] [Accepted: 05/09/2019] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
The volatile plant hormone ethylene regulates many plant developmental processes and stress responses. It is therefore crucial that plants can precisely control their ethylene production levels in space and time. The ethylene biosynthesis pathway consists of two dedicated steps. In a first reaction, S-adenosyl-L-methionine (SAM) is converted into 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) by ACC-synthase (ACS). In a second reaction, ACC is converted into ethylene by ACC-oxidase (ACO). Initially, it was postulated that ACS is the rate-limiting enzyme of this pathway, directing many studies to unravel the regulation of ACS protein activity, and stability. However, an increasing amount of evidence has been gathered over the years, which shows that ACO is the rate-limiting step in ethylene production during certain dedicated processes. This implies that also the ACO protein family is subjected to a stringent regulation. In this review, we give an overview about the state-of-the-art regarding ACO evolution, functionality and regulation, with an emphasis on the transcriptional, post-transcriptional, and post-translational control. We also highlight the importance of ACO being a prime target for genetic engineering and precision breeding, in order to control plant ethylene production levels.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bram Van de Poel
- Molecular Plant Hormone Physiology Laboratory, Division of Crop Biotechnics, Department of Biosystems, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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16
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Smirnoff N. Ascorbic acid metabolism and functions: A comparison of plants and mammals. Free Radic Biol Med 2018; 122:116-129. [PMID: 29567393 PMCID: PMC6191929 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2018.03.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 275] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2017] [Revised: 03/15/2018] [Accepted: 03/17/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Ascorbic acid is synthesised by eukaryotes, the known exceptions being primates and some other animal groups which have lost functional gulonolactone oxidase. Prokaryotes do not synthesise ascorbate and do not need an ascorbate supply, so the functions that are essential for mammals and plants are not required or are substituted by other compounds. The ability of ascorbate to donate electrons enables it to act as a free radical scavenger and to reduce higher oxidation states of iron to Fe2+. These reactions are the basis of its biological activity along with the relative stability of the resulting resonance stabilised monodehydroascorbate radical. The importance of these properties is emphasised by the evolution of at least three biosynthetic pathways and production of an ascorbate analogue, erythroascorbate, by fungi. The iron reducing activity of ascorbate maintains the reactive centre Fe2+ of 2-oxoglutarate-dependent dioxygenases (2-ODDs) thus preventing inactivation. These enzymes have diverse functions and, recently, the possibility that ascorbate status in mammals could influence 2-ODDs involved in histone and DNA demethylation thereby influencing stem cell differentiation and cancer has been uncovered. Ascorbate is involved in iron uptake and transport in plants and animals. While the above biochemical functions are shared between mammals and plants, ascorbate peroxidase (APX) is an enzyme family limited to plants and photosynthetic protists. It provides these organisms with increased capacity to remove H2O2 produced by photosynthetic electron transport and photorespiration. The Fe reducing activity of ascorbate enables hydroxyl radical production (pro-oxidant effect) and the reactivity of dehydroascorbate (DHA) and reaction of its degradation products with proteins (dehydroascorbylation and glycation) is potentially damaging. Ascorbate status influences gene expression in plants and mammals but at present there is little evidence that it acts as a specific signalling molecule. It most likely acts indirectly by influencing the redox state of thiols and 2-ODD activity. However, the possibility that dehydroascorbylation is a regulatory post-translational protein modification could be explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas Smirnoff
- Biosciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Geoffrey Pope Building, Stocker Road, Exeter EX4 4QD, UK.
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17
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Sun X, Li Y, He W, Ji C, Xia P, Wang Y, Du S, Li H, Raikhel N, Xiao J, Guo H. Pyrazinamide and derivatives block ethylene biosynthesis by inhibiting ACC oxidase. Nat Commun 2017; 8:15758. [PMID: 28604689 PMCID: PMC5472784 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms15758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2016] [Accepted: 04/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Ethylene is an important phytohormone that promotes the ripening of fruits and senescence of flowers thereby reducing their shelf lives. Specific ethylene biosynthesis inhibitors would help to decrease postharvest loss. Here, we identify pyrazinamide (PZA), a clinical drug used to treat tuberculosis, as an inhibitor of ethylene biosynthesis in Arabidopsis thaliana, using a chemical genetics approach. PZA is converted to pyrazinecarboxylic acid (POA) in plant cells, suppressing the activity of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid oxidase (ACO), the enzyme catalysing the final step of ethylene formation. The crystal structures of Arabidopsis ACO2 in complex with POA or 2-Picolinic Acid (2-PA), a POA-related compound, reveal that POA/2-PA bind at the active site of ACO, preventing the enzyme from interacting with its natural substrates. Our work suggests that PZA and its derivatives may be promising regulators of plant metabolism, in particular ethylene biosynthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangzhong Sun
- The State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.,Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.,Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Beijing 100871, China.,Department of Biology, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Yaxin Li
- The State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Wenrong He
- The State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.,Center for Plant Cell Biology, Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, University of California, Riverside, California 92507, USA
| | - Chenggong Ji
- The State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Peixue Xia
- The State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.,Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.,Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Yichuan Wang
- Department of Biology, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Shuo Du
- The State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Hongjiang Li
- The State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.,Center for Plant Cell Biology, Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, University of California, Riverside, California 92507, USA
| | - Natasha Raikhel
- Center for Plant Cell Biology, Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, University of California, Riverside, California 92507, USA
| | - Junyu Xiao
- The State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research, School of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.,Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Hongwei Guo
- Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Beijing 100871, China.,Department of Biology, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
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18
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El Bakkali-Tahéri N, Tachon S, Orio M, Bertaina S, Martinho M, Robert V, Réglier M, Tron T, Dorlet P, Simaan AJ. Characterization of Cu(II)-reconstituted ACC Oxidase using experimental and theoretical approaches. Arch Biochem Biophys 2017; 623-624:31-41. [DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2017.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2017] [Revised: 03/09/2017] [Accepted: 03/29/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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19
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Catalytic strategies of the non-heme iron dependent oxygenases and their roles in plant biology. Curr Opin Chem Biol 2016; 31:126-35. [PMID: 27015291 PMCID: PMC4879150 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2016.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2015] [Revised: 02/25/2016] [Accepted: 02/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Current evidence for iron-oxo reactive intermediates is reviewed. In crystallo intermediates detected in a native extradiol dioxygenase reaction. Carotenoid cleavage dioxygenases catalyse strigolactone biosynthesis. Identification of plant cysteine oxidases involved in the plant hypoxic response. Applications of enzyme manipulation to plant biology and agriculture are discussed.
Non-heme iron-dependent oxygenases catalyse the incorporation of O2 into a wide range of biological molecules and use diverse strategies to activate their substrates. Recent kinetic studies, including in crystallo, have provided experimental support for some of the intermediates used by different subclasses of this enzyme family. Plant non-heme iron-dependent oxygenases have diverse and important biological roles, including in growth signalling, stress responses and secondary metabolism. Recently identified roles include in strigolactone biosynthesis, O-demethylation in morphine biosynthesis and regulating the stability of hypoxia-responsive transcription factors. We discuss current structural and mechanistic understanding of plant non-heme iron oxygenases, and how their chemical/genetic manipulation could have agricultural benefit, for example, for improved yield, stress tolerance or herbicide development.
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20
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Perez V, Rabasso N, Fadel A. Synthesis of 5-PhosphonoisoxazolineN-Oxides by SelectiveO-Alkylation of Nitronate Anions. European J Org Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201501243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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21
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Ligand-dependent oxidation of copper bound α-amino-isobutyric acid as 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid oxidase mimics. Polyhedron 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2015.05.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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22
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Abstract
Mononuclear non-heme Fe(II)- and 2-oxoglutarate (2OG)-dependent oxygenases comprise a large family of enzymes that utilize an Fe(IV)-oxo intermediate to initiate diverse oxidative transformations with important biological roles. Here, four of the major types of Fe(II)/2OG-dependent reactions are detailed: hydroxylation, halogenation, ring formation, and desaturation. In addition, an atypical epimerization reaction is described. Studies identifying several key intermediates in catalysis are concisely summarized, and the proposed mechanisms are explained. In addition, a variety of other transformations catalyzed by selected family members are briefly described to further highlight the chemical versatility of these enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salette Martinez
- Departments of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824
| | - Robert P Hausinger
- Departments of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824; Departments of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824.
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23
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Kundu S. Co-operative intermolecular kinetics of 2-oxoglutarate dependent dioxygenases may be essential for system-level regulation of plant cell physiology. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2015; 6:489. [PMID: 26236316 PMCID: PMC4502536 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2015.00489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2015] [Accepted: 06/19/2015] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Can the stimulus-driven synergistic association of 2-oxoglutarate dependent dioxygenases be influenced by the kinetic parameters of binding and catalysis?In this manuscript, I posit that these indices are necessary and specific for a particular stimulus, and are key determinants of a dynamic clustering that may function to mitigate the effects of this trigger. The protein(s)/sequence(s) that comprise this group are representative of all major kingdoms of life, and catalyze a generic hydroxylation, which is, in most cases accompanied by a specialized conversion of the substrate molecule. Iron is an essential co-factor for this transformation and the response to waning levels is systemic, and mandates the simultaneous participation of molecular sensors, transporters, and signal transducers. Here, I present a proof-of-concept model, that an evolving molecular network of 2OG-dependent enzymes can maintain iron homeostasis in the cytosol of root hair cells of members of the family Gramineae by actuating a non-reductive compensatory chelation by the phytosiderophores. Regression models of empirically available kinetic data (iron and alpha-ketoglutarate) were formulated, analyzed, and compared. The results, when viewed in context of the superfamily responding as a unit, suggest that members can indeed, work together to accomplish system-level function. This is achieved by the establishment of transient metabolic conduits, wherein the flux is dictated by kinetic compatibility of the participating enzymes. The approach adopted, i.e., predictive mathematical modeling, is integral to the hypothesis-driven acquisition of experimental data points and, in association with suitable visualization aids may be utilized for exploring complex plant biochemical systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siddhartha Kundu
- *Correspondence: Siddhartha Kundu, School of Computational and Integrative Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Mehrauli Road, New Delhi 110067, India ;
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24
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Lakk-Bogáth D, Harasztia M, Csonka R, Speier G, Kaizer J. H2O2-oxidation of α-aminoisobutyric and cyclic amino acids catalyzed by iron(III) isoindoline complexes. Polyhedron 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2015.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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25
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Gasteazoro F, Simaan AJ, Tinoco-Valencia R, Valderrama B. Validation of a general method for activity estimation of cyanide evolving oxidoreductases. Anal Biochem 2015; 471:44-50. [PMID: 25447496 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2014.10.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2014] [Revised: 09/08/2014] [Accepted: 10/13/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Ethylene is a key molecule in organic synthesis currently produced by steam cracking of fossil hydrocarbons. In nature, ethylene is produced in higher plants by 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid oxidase (ACCO). Biocatalytic alternatives for ethylene production are still far from being competitive with traditional production plants. Furthermore, data dispersion shown in the literature adds uncertainty to the introduction of ACCO as a biocatalyst, especially when larger numbers of isoforms or mutants are to be compared. Here we propose a new method for measuring ACCO activity based on cyanide detection. Data provided here indicate that cyanide detection is more precise, more responsive, and much more stable than any other method tested for ACCO activity estimation so far. Briefly, enzymatically produced cyanide can be detected by its derivatization with naphthalene-2,3-dicarboxyaldehide (NDA) to generate 1-cyanobenz[f]isoindole (CBI), which is further detected by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) coupled with a fluorescence detector. Cyanide can be detected in the range between 0.99 and 60.17pmol, which is three orders of magnitude more sensitive than the currently used ethylene estimation method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Gasteazoro
- Departamento de Medicina Molecular y Bioprocesos, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuernavaca, Morelos 62210, Mexico
| | - Ariane Jalila Simaan
- Institut des Sciences Moléculaires de Marseille, Aix Marseille Université, Centrale Marseille, CNRS, iSm2, UMR 7313, 13397 Marseille, France
| | - Raunel Tinoco-Valencia
- Unidad de Escalamiento y Planta Piloto, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuernavaca, Morelos 62210, Mexico
| | - Brenda Valderrama
- Departamento de Medicina Molecular y Bioprocesos, Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuernavaca, Morelos 62210, Mexico.
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26
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Lakk-Bogáth D, Speier G, Surducan M, Silaghi-Dumitrescu R, Jalila Simaan A, Faure B, Kaizer J. Comparison of heme and nonheme iron-based 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid oxidase mimics: kinetic, mechanistic and computational studies. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra08762c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Kinetic, mechanistic and computational studies of the H2O2oxidation of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid to ethylene by heme- and nonheme-type iron complexes are described as biomimics of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid oxidase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dóra Lakk-Bogáth
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Pannonia
- H-8200 Veszprém
- Hungary
| | - Gábor Speier
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Pannonia
- H-8200 Veszprém
- Hungary
| | - Mihai Surducan
- Department of Chemistry
- Babes-Bolyai University
- RO-400024 Cluj-Napoca
- Romania
| | | | - A. Jalila Simaan
- Aix-Marseille Université
- CNRS
- Central Marseille
- iSm2 UMR 7313
- Marseille
| | - Bruno Faure
- Aix-Marseille Université
- CNRS
- Central Marseille
- iSm2 UMR 7313
- Marseille
| | - József Kaizer
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Pannonia
- H-8200 Veszprém
- Hungary
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27
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Rabasso N, Fadel A. Cyclopropanation of 1,2-dibromoethylphosphonate: a synthesis of β-aminocyclopropylphosphonic acid and derivatives. Tetrahedron Lett 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2014.09.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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28
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Pap JS, El Bakkali-Tahéri N, Fadel A, Góger S, Bogáth D, Molnár M, Giorgi M, Speier G, Simaan AJ, Kaizer J. Oxidative Degradation of Amino Acids and Aminophosphonic Acids by 2,2′-Bipyridine Complexes of Copper(II). Eur J Inorg Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201400133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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30
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Meng D, Shen L, Yang R, Zhang X, Sheng J. Identification and active site analysis of the 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid oxidase catalysing the synthesis of ethylene in Agaricus bisporus. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2014; 1840:120-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2013.08.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2013] [Revised: 08/27/2013] [Accepted: 08/28/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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31
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Góger S, Bogáth D, Baráth G, Simaan AJ, Speier G, Kaizer J. Bio-inspired amino acid oxidation by a non-heme iron catalyst. J Inorg Biochem 2013; 123:46-52. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2013.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2012] [Revised: 02/11/2013] [Accepted: 02/11/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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32
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Dilley DR, Wang Z, Kadirjan-Kalbach DK, Ververidis F, Beaudry R, Padmanabhan K. 1-Aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid oxidase reaction mechanism and putative post-translational activities of the ACCO protein. AOB PLANTS 2013; 5:plt031. [PMID: 24244837 PMCID: PMC3828642 DOI: 10.1093/aobpla/plt031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2012] [Accepted: 07/12/2013] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
1-Aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) oxidase (ACCO) catalyses the final step in ethylene biosynthesis converting ACC to ethylene, cyanide, CO2, dehydroascorbate and water with inputs of Fe(II), ascorbate, bicarbonate (as activators) and oxygen. Cyanide activates ACCO. A 'nest' comprising several positively charged amino acid residues from the C-terminal α-helix 11 along with Lys158 and Arg299 are proposed as binding sites for ascorbate and bicarbonate to coordinately activate the ACCO reaction. The binding sites for ACC, bicarbonate and ascorbic acid for Malus domestica ACCO1 include Arg175, Arg244, Ser246, Lys158, Lys292, Arg299 and Phe300. Glutamate 297, Phe300 and Glu301 in α-helix 11 are also important for the ACCO reaction. Our proposed reaction pathway incorporates cyanide as an ACCO/Fe(II) ligand after reaction turnover. The cyanide ligand is likely displaced upon binding of ACC and ascorbate to provide a binding site for oxygen. We propose that ACCO may be involved in the ethylene signal transduction pathway not directly linked to the ACCO reaction. ACC oxidase has significant homology with Lycopersicon esculentum cysteine protease LeCp, which functions as a protease and as a regulator of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid synthase (Acs2) gene expression. ACC oxidase may play a similar role in signal transduction after post-translational processing. ACC oxidase becomes inactivated by fragmentation and apparently has intrinsic protease and transpeptidase activity. ACC oxidase contains several amino acid sequence motifs for putative protein-protein interactions, phosphokinases and cysteine protease. ACC oxidase is subject to autophosphorylaton in vitro and promotes phosphorylation of some apple fruit proteins in a ripening-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- David R. Dilley
- Department of Horticulture, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
- Corresponding author's e-mail address:
| | - Zhenyong Wang
- Ball Horticultural Company, 622 Town Road, West Chicago, IL 60185, USA
| | | | - Fillipos Ververidis
- Department of Plant Sciences, Technological Educational Institute of Crete, Heraklion 71004, Greece
| | - Randolph Beaudry
- Department of Horticulture, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Kallaithe Padmanabhan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
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