1
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Sahadi BO, Sebold M, André CB, Nima G, Dos Santos A, Chiari MDESDC, Nascimento FD, Tersariol ILDS, Giannini M. Effect of experimental dentin etchants on dentin bond strength, metalloproteinase inhibition, and antibiofilm activity. Dent Mater 2024; 40:e12-e23. [PMID: 38368137 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2024.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Revised: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/19/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE this study evaluated dentin microtensile bond strength (µTBS) and failure modes (at 24 h and one year), bonding interface regarding hybridization, surface morphology regarding demineralization, in situ metalloproteinase (MMP) activity, and antibacterial effect of three dentin etchants compared to 35% phosphoric acid (PA). MATERIALS AND METHODS The Adper Single Bond 2 adhesive (3 M Oral Care) was applied on moist dentin etched with PA (control) or on air-dried dentin etched with 3% aluminum nitrate + 2% oxalic acid (AN), 6.8% ferric oxalate + 10% citric acid (FO), or 10% citric acid (CA). The µTBS test used 40 human teeth (n = 10). Failure modes and surface morphology were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (n = 3), while bonding interface morphology and MMP activity were evaluated by laser scanning confocal microscopy (n = 3). Antibacterial activity was evaluated against S. Mutans biofilm by means of viable cells count (CFU/mL). RESULTS PA presented the highest bond strengths regardless of aging time. PA, AN, and CA showed stable bond strengths after one year of storage. Adhesive and mixed failures were predominant in all groups. Thin hybrid layers with short resin tags were observed for the experimental etchants. The AN-based etchant was able to inhibit MMP activity. All tested etchants presented antibacterial activity against S. Mutans biofilm. SIGNIFICANCE This study suggests different dentin etchants capable of inhibiting MMP activity while also acting as cavity disinfectants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Ometto Sahadi
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Operative Dentistry Division, University of Campinas, Piracicaba Dental School, Avenida Limeira 901, Areião, 13414-903 Piracicaba, SP, Brazil.
| | - Maicon Sebold
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Operative Dentistry Division, University of Campinas, Piracicaba Dental School, Avenida Limeira 901, Areião, 13414-903 Piracicaba, SP, Brazil.
| | - Carolina Bosso André
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Operative Dentistry Division, Federal University of Minas Gerais, School of Dentistry, Avenida Presidente Antonio Carlos 6627, Pampulha, 31270-901 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
| | - Gabriel Nima
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ethics, Research and Education, Universidad de los Andes, School of Dentistry, Monseñor Álvaro del Portillo 12455, Las Condes 12455, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Andressa Dos Santos
- Applied Chemistry Graduate Program, Midwest State University UNICENTRO, Alameda Élio Antônio Dalla Vechhia 838, Vila Carli, 85040-167 Guarapuava, PR, Brazil.
| | | | - Fábio Dupart Nascimento
- Department of Molecular Biology, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo 04021-001, SP, Brazil.
| | | | - Marcelo Giannini
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Operative Dentistry Division, University of Campinas, Piracicaba Dental School, Avenida Limeira 901, Areião, 13414-903 Piracicaba, SP, Brazil.
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2
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Takamizawa T, Aoki R, Hayashi K, Shoji M, Kasahara Y, Barkmeier WW, Latta MA, Kamimoto A, Miyazaki M. Scanning electron microscopy observation of dentin bond interfaces in different types of resin luting cements. Dent Mater J 2024; 43:179-190. [PMID: 38246629 DOI: 10.4012/dmj.2023-219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to observe and compare the resin luting cement (RLC)/dentin interfaces of different types of RLC systems with scanning electron microscopy (SEM). This study evaluated six self-adhesive resin luting cement systems (SARLCs), four systems combining a SARLC with a tooth primer (SARLCPs), and six conventional resin luting cement systems (CVRLCs). Cured resin composite rods were bonded to bovine dentin using RLCs in different etching modes. The morphological features at the interfaces were observed using SEM. Although all RLCs in etch-&-rinse (ER) mode showed a clear hybrid layer, most SARLCs had a thinner and more porous hybrid layer than the SARLCPs and CVRLCs. All SARLCPs with primer and CVRLCs showed a thin high-density layer below the primer layer in both etching modes. CVRLCs and SARLCPs with primer treatment systems may be more versatile and reliable when compared to simplified RLC systems.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ryota Aoki
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Nihon University School of Dentistry
| | - Kana Hayashi
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Nihon University School of Dentistry
| | - Mone Shoji
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Nihon University School of Dentistry
| | - Yuta Kasahara
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Nihon University School of Dentistry
| | - Wayne W Barkmeier
- Department of General Dentistry, Creighton University School of Dentistry
| | - Mark A Latta
- Department of General Dentistry, Creighton University School of Dentistry
| | - Atsushi Kamimoto
- Department of Comprehensive Dentistry and Clinical Education, Nihon University School of Dentistry
| | - Masashi Miyazaki
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Nihon University School of Dentistry
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3
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Eichler E, Vach K, Schlueter N, Jacker-Guhr S, Luehrs AK. Dentin adhesion of bulk-fill composites and universal adhesives in class I-cavities with high C-factor. J Dent 2024; 142:104852. [PMID: 38244909 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2024.104852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 01/22/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to compare the dentin adhesion of bulk-fill composites in high C-factor class I-cavities before and after thermocycling to a control group using incremental layering technique. METHODS A standardized class I-cavity was prepared into 195 human molars, then different universal adhesives were applied either in self-etch or etch & rinse mode, and the cavity was filled according to each materials application protocol. The material combinations used were a conventional layered composite as control, the respective bulk-fill product, two other bulk-fill composites made by different manufacturers, with one of them being tested using two different polymerization times. Furthermore, one thermoviscous bulk-fill composite and one self-adhesive restorative were examined of which the latter can only be applied in self-etch mode. In each group the dentin adhesion to the cavity bottom was measured using microtensile bond strength test initially (24 h water storage) and after thermocycling. All results were statistically analyzed using STATA 17.0. RESULTS The statistical analysis showed significant differences between the control and the experimental groups (p < 0.001). The highest mean bond strength before (14.8 ± 10.7 MPa) and after aging (14.2 ± 11.5 MPa) was measured for the etch & rinse-control group. Among the bulk-fill groups, the etch & rinse technique consistently showed higher bond strengths. Bond strength of groups with shortened polymerization did not exceed 2.1 MPa. The bond strength of the self-adhesive restoration material was low before and after thermocycling (2.7 MPa/ 0.0 MPa). Groups with low bond strength values showed a high number of pre-testing-failures. CONCLUSIONS Bulk-fill materials used in high C-factor class I-cavities showed lower bond strength during self-etch application. The same applies for a shortened polymerization regime, which cannot be recommended for high C-factor cavities. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Today, a large variety of materials and application techniques can be used when placing an adhesive restoration. Whether new instead of established procedures should be applied in high C-factor cavities has to be critically assessed, as they are a demanding scenario for adhesive restorations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erik Eichler
- Hannover Medical School, Department of Conservative Dentistry, Periodontology and Preventive Dentistry, OE 7740, Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, Hannover 30625, Germany
| | - Kirstin Vach
- Hannover Medical School, Department of Conservative Dentistry, Periodontology and Preventive Dentistry, OE 7740, Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, Hannover 30625, Germany
| | - Nadine Schlueter
- Hannover Medical School, Department of Conservative Dentistry, Periodontology and Preventive Dentistry, OE 7740, Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, Hannover 30625, Germany
| | - Silke Jacker-Guhr
- Hannover Medical School, Department of Conservative Dentistry, Periodontology and Preventive Dentistry, OE 7740, Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, Hannover 30625, Germany
| | - Anne-Katrin Luehrs
- Hannover Medical School, Department of Conservative Dentistry, Periodontology and Preventive Dentistry, OE 7740, Carl-Neuberg-Straße 1, Hannover 30625, Germany.
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4
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Hurtado A, Fuentes V, Cura M, Tamayo A, Ceballos L. Long-Term In Vitro Adhesive Properties of Two Universal Adhesives to Dentin. Materials (Basel) 2023; 16:ma16093458. [PMID: 37176339 PMCID: PMC10179858 DOI: 10.3390/ma16093458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
The composition of universal adhesives, as well as the adhesive strategy, may influence bonding effectiveness and durability. This study aimed to evaluate the microtensile bond strength (µTBS) and nanoleakage (NL), immediately and after 6-month aging, and in situ degree of conversion (DC), of two universal adhesives (Scotchbond Universal Adhesive, SBU; Xeno Select, XEN) applied with etch-and-rinse (ER) and self-etch (SE) strategies, in comparison with a two-step SE adhesive (Clearfil SE Bond, CSE). Dentin surfaces of fifty human third molars were randomly assigned to the following adhesives: two universal adhesives, SBU and XEN, applied in ER or SE mode and CSE, used as control. Teeth were sectioned into beams to be tested under µTBS, half of them after 24 h, and the rest after 6 months of water aging. Selected beams from each tooth were used for NL evaluation and in situ DC quantification. SBU and CSE showed significantly higher mean µTBS and lower nanoleakage than XEN, regardless of the evaluation time and adhesion strategy. XEN-SE yielded the lowest degree of conversion. Therefore, adhesive properties of universal adhesives to dentin are material dependent, regardless of the adhesion strategy, exhibiting XEN a significantly worse performance than SBU.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Hurtado
- International Doctoral School, Rey Juan Carlos University, 28008 Madrid, Spain
| | - Victoria Fuentes
- IDIBO Research Group, Faculty of Health Sciences, Rey Juan Carlos University, 28922 Alcorcón, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Cura
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Rey Juan Carlos University, 28922 Alcorcón, Madrid, Spain
| | - Aitana Tamayo
- Institute of Ceramics and Glass, CSIC, Kelsen 5, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura Ceballos
- IDIBO Research Group, Faculty of Health Sciences, Rey Juan Carlos University, 28922 Alcorcón, Madrid, Spain
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5
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Fuentes MV, Perdigão J, Baracco B, Giráldez I, Ceballos L. Effect of an additional bonding resin on the 5-year performance of a universal adhesive: a randomized clinical trial. Clin Oral Investig 2023; 27:837-48. [PMID: 35821134 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-022-04613-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the effect of the application of an additional hydrophobic bonding resin on the clinical performance of a universal adhesive applied in etch-and-rinse (ER) or self-etch adhesive (SE) strategy in non-carious cervical lesions (NCCLs) after 5 years. MATERIALS AND METHODS Scotchbond Universal Adhesive (3M Oral Care) was applied in 134 NCCLs of 39 subjects using different adhesion approaches: 3-step ER (3-ER), 2-step ER (2-ER), 2-step SE (2-SE), and 1-step SE (1-SE). Enamel and dentin were acid etched prior to application of the universal adhesive for the 3-ER and 2-ER groups. An extra layer of a hydrophobic bonding resin was applied for groups 3-ER and 2-SE. All lesions were restored with Filtek Supreme XTE resin composite (3M Oral Care). Restorations were evaluated at baseline and at 5 years using the modified USPHS criteria. Mann-Whitney U and Wilcoxon tests were performed, and the survival rates (retention/fracture) were analyzed using Kaplan-Meier and log-rank tests (p < 0.05). RESULTS The recall rate was 66.7% at 5 years. The cumulative survival rate was 96.9% for 3-ER, 96.8% for 2-ER, 71.4% for 2-SE, and 81.3% for 1-SE strategies. The log-rank test was statistically significant (p = 0.006). Retention rates were 100% for both ER groups, 75% for 2-SE and 81.3% for 1-SE. At 5 years, 2- and 1-SE approaches showed similar retention rates, but lower than those for 3- and 2-ER. A significant decrease in retention rate was detected for 2-SE (p = 0.007) and 1-SE (p = 0.014) groups between baseline and 5 years. All groups, except 2-ER, showed an increase in marginal discoloration. For this parameter, significant differences were detected between 2-ER and 1-SE (p = 0.004). CONCLUSIONS The addition of a hydrophobic bonding resin to the recommended application sequence of Scotchbond Universal Adhesive did not improve its clinical performance in NCCLs after 5 years. Higher retention rates were measured when this adhesive was applied in ER mode. TRIAL REGISTRATION This manuscript is a 5-year follow-up of a randomized clinical trial that started in 2012 when there was no strong recommendation for registration in clinicaltrials.gov. The results after 36 months of clinical service were previously published in this journal.
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6
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Katsuki S, Takamizawa T, Yokoyama M, Sai K, Tamura T, Ishii R, Kamimoto A, Miyazaki M. Influence of bonding agent application method on the dentin bond durability of a two-step adhesive utilizing a universal-adhesive-derived primer. Eur J Oral Sci 2022; 130:e12868. [PMID: 35474469 DOI: 10.1111/eos.12868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the effect of the bonding agent application method on the dentin bond durability of a two-step adhesive utilizing a universal-adhesive-derived primer. The bonding durability of a universal adhesive was compared with those of two conventional two-step adhesives by shear bond strength testing after thermal cycling. The primer was applied (with or without phosphoric acid pre-etching), and the specimens were divided into three groups based on the bonding agent application method used as follows: (i) strong air-flow application, (ii) gentle air-flow application, and (iii) gentle air-flow + second bonding application. The shear bond strength was determined after thermal cycling. All the factors (bonding agent application method, adhesive system, and storage condition) significantly influenced the dentin shear bond strength both with and without phosphoric acid pre-etching. The specimens exposed to gentle air-flow showed a higher shear bond strength than did those exposed to strong air-flow and gentle air-flow + second bonding. The bond durability of the tested adhesive systems was influenced by the bonding agent application method, and this trend was material dependent. The G2-Bond Universal exhibited the same or greater dentin bond durability to the other two-step adhesive systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shun Katsuki
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshiki Takamizawa
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Munenori Yokoyama
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keiichi Sai
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomohiko Tamura
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryo Ishii
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Atsushi Kamimoto
- Department of Comprehensive Dentistry and Clinical Education, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masashi Miyazaki
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan
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7
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Ribeiro AEDL, Dias JDN, Melo AMDS, Borges BCD, de Assunção IV. Direct and semi-direct resin composite restoration in large cavity preparations: analysis of dentin bond strength stability and bottom/top microhardness ratio in a cavity model. Odontology 2022; 110:482-488. [PMID: 35088153 DOI: 10.1007/s10266-021-00680-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
To evaluate the influence of the restorative approach and aging time on dentin bond strength (BS), failure mode (FM), and bottom/top microhardness ratio (B/T) in a large dentin cavity model. A total of 102 bovine incisors were used to produce models of conical dentin cavities (4.0 mm thickness × 4.8 mm top diameter × 2.8 mm bottom diameter), which were restored using semi-direct filling (SDF) (Filtek™ Z250 XT + Scotchbond™ Universal/RelyX™ Ultimate luting system), direct bulk filling (DBF) (Filtek™ One Bulk Fill), and direct incremental filling (DIF) (Filtek™ Z250 XT) techniques. B/T, BS, and FM (n = 17) were analyzed in a microhardness tester, a universal testing machine, and a stereomicroscope, respectively, after 24 h and 6 months of water storage. BS and B/T data were analyzed using two-way ANOVA/Tukey post-hoc test (p < 0.05), while FM data were analyzed descriptively. There was a statistically significant difference in BS between the restorative techniques, and BS was influenced by aging time in the DBF and SDF groups. Mixed failure was predominant for the SDF technique in both aging times. There was no statistically significant difference in B/T among the restorative approaches regardless of the aging time (p > 0.05). Although all restorative approaches provided similar B/T, the semi-direct technique showed better performance on the material bond strength to dentine in large cavities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andressa Eveline de Lima Ribeiro
- Department of Dentistry, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Norte (UFRN), 1787 Sen. Salgado Filho Avenue, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, 59056-000, Brazil
| | - Joselúcia da Nóbrega Dias
- Department of Dentistry, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Norte (UFRN), 1787 Sen. Salgado Filho Avenue, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, 59056-000, Brazil
| | - Ana Margarida Dos Santos Melo
- Department of Dentistry, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Norte (UFRN), 1787 Sen. Salgado Filho Avenue, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, 59056-000, Brazil
| | - Boniek Castillo Dutra Borges
- Department of Dentistry, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Norte (UFRN), 1787 Sen. Salgado Filho Avenue, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, 59056-000, Brazil
| | - Isauremi Vieira de Assunção
- Department of Dentistry, Universidade Federal Do Rio Grande Do Norte (UFRN), 1787 Sen. Salgado Filho Avenue, Natal, Rio Grande do Norte, 59056-000, Brazil.
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8
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Elsahn NA, El-Damanhoury HM, Elkassas DW. Influence of Low-Level Laser Modification and Adhesive Application Mode on the Bonding Efficiency of Universal Adhesives to Er:YAG Laser-Ablated Dentin. J Lasers Med Sci 2021; 12:e7. [PMID: 34084733 DOI: 10.34172/jlms.2021.07] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Erbium laser ablation as a method of tooth preparation and conditioning has shown promising results. Although previous studies have adopted various combinations of different laser parameters and several dentin adhesive systems, very few have investigated combining high-level and low-level ER:YAG lasers with Universal adhesives. This study aimed to assess the impact of using low-energy irradiation on the surface micro-topography and shear bond strength (SBS) of universal adhesive (UA) to the erbium:yttrium-aluminum-garnet (Er:YAG) laser-ablated dentin substrate, bonded in etch-and-rinse or self-etch adhesive mode. Methods: Eighty-seven extracted molars were sectioned to expose flat occlusal dentin surface; 60 teeth were divided equally into three groups according to the surface treatment; bur-cutting (B), Er:YAG high-energy laser cutting (L1 - 200 mJ, 20 Hz, 50 μs pulse), or L1 followed by low-energy laser modification (L1 /L2 - 80 mJ, 10 Hz, 50 μs pulse). Then each group was equally divided into two groups (n=10) according to the mode of application of the universal adhesive; either etch-and-rinse (ER) or self-etching (SE). The samples were subjected to thermocycling (5000 cycle between 5°C and 55°C), and SBS was tested. Two-way ANOVA and Tukey post hoc test were used to analyze the results. The remaining 27 samples were used to investigate the effect of the treatment on the topography of the treated dentin surfaces using a scanning electron microscope (SEM). Results: B/SE recorded the highest SBS (25.48 ± 2.6 MPa) followed by B/ER (23.20 ± 6.8 MPa) and L1 /L2 /SE (22.94 ± 4.1 MPa) and with no statistically significant difference between these groups (P >0.05). The lowest SBS results (P <0.05) were recorded for L1/SE (12.22 ± 3 MPa). No statistical differences were found between the SBS of L1 /L2 /ER and L1 /ER groups or between the SBS of L1 /L2 / ER and L1 /L2 /SE groups. Conclusion: A subsequent treatment of the Er:YAG laser-ablated dentin with low-energy laser modification mode (LMM) enhances the SBS of the tested UA when applied in SE mode.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nesrine A Elsahn
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Ajman University, Ajamn, UAE.,Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Oral and Dental Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hatem M El-Damanhoury
- Department of Preventive and Restorative Dentistry, College of Dental Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, UAE
| | - Dina W Elkassas
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Misr International University, Cairo, Egypt
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9
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François P, Remadi A, Le Goff S, Abdel-Gawad S, Attal JP, Dursun E. Flexural properties and dentin adhesion in recently developed self-adhesive bulk-fill materials. J Oral Sci 2021; 63:139-144. [PMID: 33597335 DOI: 10.2334/josnusd.20-0448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study investigated the flexural properties, shear bond strength (SBS) and interface to dentin of three recently developed self-adhesive bulk-fill materials. METHODS Bars of Surefil One (SO), Cention N (CN), Activa BioActive Restorative (AB) and EQUIA Forte HT Fil (EQUIA) were tested for flexural strength and flexural modulus in self-curing and light-curing modes. In addition, SBS to dentin was tested in specimens without pretreatment and after application of universal adhesive (Scotchbond Universal). EQUIA was used as the control material. RESULTS The flexural properties were significantly better in light-curing mode for all materials except CN. CN had the highest SBS values after universal adhesive application (33.8 MPa), and SO had the highest SBS without pretreatment (20.9 MPa). CONCLUSION The mechanical and adhesive properties of these new materials varied widely.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philippe François
- Innovative Dental Materials and Interfaces Research Unit (UR 4462), University of Paris.,Department of Restorative Dentistry, Bretonneau Hospital
| | - Anis Remadi
- Innovative Dental Materials and Interfaces Research Unit (UR 4462), University of Paris
| | - Stéphane Le Goff
- Innovative Dental Materials and Interfaces Research Unit (UR 4462), University of Paris
| | - Sarah Abdel-Gawad
- Innovative Dental Materials and Interfaces Research Unit (UR 4462), University of Paris
| | - Jean-Pierre Attal
- Innovative Dental Materials and Interfaces Research Unit (UR 4462), University of Paris.,Department of Restorative Dentistry, Charles Foix Hospital
| | - Elisabeth Dursun
- Innovative Dental Materials and Interfaces Research Unit (UR 4462), University of Paris.,Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Henri Mondor Hospital
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10
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Abstract
Objectives
To evaluate the effect of different artificial aging methods on the bond strength of a resin composite associated with a universal adhesive (Scotchbond Universal) used under two etching approaches (self-etch [SE] or etch-and-rinse [ER]) to enamel and dentin substrates.
Materials and Methods
A total of 96 noncarious human third molars were prepared and randomly divided according to three factors (
n
= 6): substrate (enamel and dentin), adhesive approach (SE and ER), and aging method (water storage for 24 hours, 6 months, or 1 year; subjected to 10,000, 20,000, or 30,000 thermal cycles; and sodium hypochlorite [NaOCl] storage for 1 or 5 hours).
Statistical Analysis
Microshear bond strength tests were conducted, and the collected data (MPa) were subjected to three-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) with post hoc Bonferroni tests (
p
< 0.05) and Weibull analysis. The failure pattern was also evaluated.
Results
Three-way ANOVA revealed that the factors “substrate” (
p
= 0.00) and “aging method” (
p
= 0.00) had a significant effect on the bond strength, but the factor “adhesive approach” did not (
p
= 0.84). The bond strength in the enamel group for the SE approach was negatively affected under 20,000 and 30,000 thermal cycles. Weibull presented the highest
m
in the NaOCl storage for the 5 hours group to enamel using the SE and to dentin using ER approaches. Adhesive/mixed failures were predominant for all groups.
Conclusion
Thermocycling aging (20,000 and 30,000 cycles) significantly reduced the bond strength to enamel using the SE approach. On the contrary, storage with the NaOCl method proved to increase bond strength under the evaluated conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Simões Teixeira
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Gabriel Kalil Rocha Pereira
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Alexandre Henrique Susin
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
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11
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Kasahara Y, Takamizawa T, Hirokane E, Tsujimoto A, Ishii R, Barkmeier WW, Latta MA, Miyazaki M. Comparison of different etch-and-rinse adhesive systems based on shear fatigue dentin bond strength and morphological features the interface. Dent Mater 2020; 37:e109-e117. [PMID: 33248806 DOI: 10.1016/j.dental.2020.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2020] [Revised: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/02/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to investigate dentin bonding durability of different etch-and-rinse (ER) adhesive systems under fatigue stress and to compare morphological features of resin/dentin interfaces using SEM. METHODS Two three-step ER adhesives, a two-step ER adhesive, and a universal adhesive in ER mode were evaluated. Before application of either primer or adhesive, phosphoric acid etching of human dentin was completed. Fifteen bonded specimens for each adhesive system were stored in distilled water at 37 °C for 24 h, then subjected to a shear bond strength (SBS) test. Bonding durability was assessed from the perspective of biomechanical stress. 25 bonded specimens for each adhesive system were subjected to shear fatigue strength (SFS) testing with a repeated subcritical load at a frequency of 20 Hz for 50,000 cycles or until failure. RESULTS Mean SBS and SFS values ranged from 33.3 to 41.2 MPa, and from 18.3 to 20.3 MPa, respectively. Three-step adhesives showed higher SBS and SFS values than the other adhesive systems. Under SEM, resin tags in different adhesive systems showed similar features, but morphology below the hybrid layer was material dependent. The universal adhesive in ER mode showed an obvious thin, high-density reaction layer below the hybrid layer. SIGNIFICANCE Three-step adhesives showed higher dentin bond durability than the other ER adhesives; no significant differences in SFS were found between the universal adhesive in ER mode and the three-step ER adhesives. The results of this in vitro study indicate that some ER adhesives might establish chemical bonding with intact dentin below the hybrid layer in addition to micromechanical retention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuta Kasahara
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Toshiki Takamizawa
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Eizo Hirokane
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akimasa Tsujimoto
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ryo Ishii
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Wayne W Barkmeier
- Department of General Dentistry, Creighton University School of Dentistry, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
| | - Mark A Latta
- Department of General Dentistry, Creighton University School of Dentistry, Omaha, Nebraska, USA
| | - Masashi Miyazaki
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan
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Nahas P, Nammour S, Gerges E, Zeinoun T. Comparison between Shear Bond Strength of Er:YAG and Er,Cr:YSGG Lasers-Assisted Dentinal Adhesion of Self-Adhering Resin Composite: An Ex Vivo Study. Dent J (Basel) 2020; 8:E66. [PMID: 32630313 DOI: 10.3390/dj8030066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Revised: 06/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Bonding composite to tooth structure is still evolving with a substitute for phosphoric acid being the main challenge. Lately, a self-adhering composite (SAC) was developed, promising to simplify bonding to tooth structure. Unfortunately, retention especially to dentin, was not as good as the gold standard three steps bonding system. During the last 2 decades, lasers were used to enhance shear bond strength of composite to tooth structure. However, the literature provided limited information regarding laser efficiency in the immediate, as well as the long term, adhesion success of SACs to dentin. The purpose of our study was to define the optimal irradiation conditions to improve the adhesion of self-adhering flowable resin composite to dentin exposed to Er:YAG and Er,Cr:YSGG laser irradiation. (2) Methods: Seventy-two freshly extracted human third molars, prepared to have flat dentinal surfaces, were randomly divided into three groups (n = 24) including a control group (Group 1) in which dentin was left without laser irradiation. The other two groups (Group 2 and 3) received standardized irradiation at a speed of 1 mm/second with Er:YAG (60 mJ; SSP mode = 50 μs; 10 Hz; fluency of 9.4 J/cm2; beam diameter: 0.9 mm; air 6 mL/min; and water 4 mL/min), and Er,Cr:YSGG: 1.5 W; fluency of 17.8 J/cm2; turbo handpiece with MX5 short insert; 20 Hz under air/water spray (65% air, 55% water). Self-adhering flowable resin was applied to dentin in all groups. Half of the specimens were stored in water for 24 h while the other half underwent 3000 thermal cycles. Later, all specimens received a shear bond strength test. Fracture observation was done first under a stereomicroscope then by using a scanning electron microscope. (3) Results: The mean values of shear bond strength for both laser-treated dentin groups (Er:YAG laser: 13.10 ± 1.291, and Er,Cr:YSGG: 14.04 ± 5.233) were higher than in the control group 1 (8.355 ± 2.297) before thermocycling. After thermocycling, shear bond strength decreased in all groups as follows: 10.03 ± 1.503, 10.53 ± 2.631, and 02.75 ± 1.583 for Er:YAG, Er,Cr:YSGG, and nonirradiated dentin, respectively. Shear bond strength values showed a significant difference between the control group (Group 1) and both lasers groups (Group 2 and 3). Statistical analysis of stereomicroscope observation revealed no significant difference between laser irradiation and failure mode (p < 0.136). SEM observation of the dentin surface in both laser-irradiated groups showed opened tubules, absence of smear layer as well as an increase of resin infiltration into dentinal tubules. (4) Conclusion: Er:YAG and Er,Cr:YSGG lasers enhance self-adhering flowable resin shear bond strength values and improve its longevity by eliminating the smear layer, opening dentinal tubules and increasing resin infiltration into the microstructure.
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