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Alshabib A, Jurado CA, Azpiazu-Flores FX, Aldosary K, Tsujimoto A, Algamaiah H. Mechanical properties and degree of conversion of resin-based core build-up materials and short fiber-reinforced flowable resin-based composite. Dent Mater J 2024; 43:453-459. [PMID: 38692907 DOI: 10.4012/dmj.2023-207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
To evaluate the degree of conversion (DC), surface hardness (SH), and flexural strength (FS) of resin-based core build-up materials. Core build-up materials used were: MultiCore Flow (MCF); Activa (ACT); Core-X Flow (CXF); and everX flow (EVX), and DC, SH and FS were measured. An increase of DC was identified for all materials post-cure, except for EVX. The DC change percentage ranged from 5%-33%, and EVX was displayed the greatest DC rate. All materials displayed an SH increase after 30 days and the greatest increase was observed in ACT. At 1 h, the SH of EVX and CXF was different from the other materials. At 30 days, MCF displayed the greatest SH. All materials displayed an increase in their FS after 30 days except for EVX, and ranging 3%-36% were noticed. Differences observed between materials, thus clinician should be acquainted mechanical properties of these materials to ensure the success of the restorations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Carlos A Jurado
- Division of Operative Dentistry, Department of General Dentistry, The University of Tennessee Health Science Center College of Dentistry
| | - Francisco X Azpiazu-Flores
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, Dr. Gerald Niznick College of Dentistry, University of Manitoba
- Center for Implant, Esthetic, and Innovative Dentistry, Department of Prosthodontics, Indiana University School of Dentistry
| | - Khalid Aldosary
- Dental Department, King Abdulaziz University Hospital, King Saud University
| | - Akimasa Tsujimoto
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Aichi Gakuin University School of Dentistry
- Department of Operative Dentistry, University of Iowa College of Dentistry
- Department of General Dentistry, Creighton University School of Dentistry
| | - Hamad Algamaiah
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, King Saudi University College of Dentistry
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Altassan M, Alsulimani O, Alzahrani BM, Alghanemi A, Abukhudhayr A, Alharbi S, Munshi N. Evaluation of the Fracture Resistance of Different Designs of All-Resin Post and Core Systems: An In Vitro Study. Cureus 2024; 16:e54137. [PMID: 38487121 PMCID: PMC10938189 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.54137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction There is a growing demand for post and core systems that offer both ease of use and efficiency. Recently introduced dual-cure build-up and post cement materials exhibit properties similar to dentin. The objective of this laboratory experiment is to compare the fracture resistance among three distinct post and core systems and identify the locations of failures within each group. Material and methods This in vitro experimental study involved 30 epoxy resin-based blocks (Endo Training Bloc J, Dentsply Sirona, Ballaigues, Switzerland) divided into three groups: The first group was a post space preparation and restoration with a fiber post (RelyX™ Fiber Post, 3M ESPE, Saint Paul, Minnesota, United States) 1.6 mm in diameter and 10 mm in length (Group A) where core build-up and cementation were performed using a dual-cure build-up and cement for endodontic post resin material (Core X Flow, Dentsply DeTrey, Konstanz, Germany). The second group was a post space preparation and restoration using a dual-cure build-up and cement for endodontic post resin material, 10 mm in length filled with resin but without fiber post placement (Group B). The third group was where post space and core were filled and restored with a dual-cure build-up and cement for endodontic post resin material, 5 mm in length and without fiber post placement (Group C). Subsequently, samples were mounted and tested using a universal testing machine (Instron, Canton, Massachusetts, United States), and the fracture site was located. Results Significant differences were identified among the three groups, indicating the impact of both post length and type on fracture resistance (p-value <0.05). Group B exhibited the highest mean compressive strength resistance and maximum load at 899.3330 (N), followed by Group C at 848.9690 (N) and Group A at 751.9620 (N). The predominant failures in the samples were core fractures or debonding of the core material. Conclusion All-resin posts demonstrated high fracture resistance, unlike fiber posts which displayed inferior fracture resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mosa Altassan
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, SAU
| | - Osamah Alsulimani
- Department of Oral Diagnostic Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, SAU
| | - Bashayer M Alzahrani
- Department of General Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, SAU
| | - Abdulmajeed Alghanemi
- Department of General Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, SAU
| | - Abdullah Abukhudhayr
- Department of General Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, SAU
| | - Shooq Alharbi
- Department of General Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, SAU
| | - Nabeel Munshi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, SAU
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Burrer P, Par M, Fürer L, Stübi M, Marovic D, Tarle Z, Attin T, Tauböck TT. Effect of polymerization mode on shrinkage kinetics and degree of conversion of dual-curing bulk-fill resin composites. Clin Oral Investig 2023; 27:3169-3180. [PMID: 36869923 PMCID: PMC10264464 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-023-04928-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To assess the behavior of dual-cure and conventional bulk-fill composite materials on real-time linear shrinkage, shrinkage stress, and degree of conversion. MATERIALS AND METHODS Two dual-cure bulk-fill materials (Cention, Ivoclar Vivadent (with ion-releasing properties) and Fill-Up!, Coltene) and two conventional bulk-fill composites (Tetric PowerFill, Ivoclar Vivadent; SDR flow + , Dentsply Sirona) were compared to conventional reference materials (Ceram.x Spectra ST (HV), Dentsply Sirona; X-flow; Dentsply Sirona). Light curing was performed for 20 s, or specimens were left to self-cure only. Linear shrinkage, shrinkage stress, and degree of conversion were measured in real time for 4 h (n = 8 per group), and kinetic parameters were determined for shrinkage stress and degree of conversion. Data were statistically analyzed by ANOVA followed by post hoc tests (α = 0.05). Pearson's analysis was used for correlating linear shrinkage and shrinkage force. RESULTS Significantly higher linear shrinkage and shrinkage stress were found for the low-viscosity materials compared to the high-viscosity materials. No significant difference in degree of conversion was revealed between the polymerization modes of the dual-cure bulk-fill composite Fill-Up!, but the time to achieve maximum polymerization rate was significantly longer for the self-cure mode. Significant differences in degree of conversion were however found between the polymerization modes of the ion-releasing bulk-fill material Cention, which also exhibited the significantly slowest polymerization rate of all materials when chemically cured. CONCLUSIONS While some of the parameters tested were found to be consistent across all materials studied, heterogeneity increased for others. CLINICAL RELEVANCE With the introduction of new classes of composite materials, predicting the effects of individual parameters on final clinically relevant properties becomes more difficult.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phoebe Burrer
- Department of Conservative and Preventive Dentistry, Center for Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Plattenstrasse 11, 8032, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Matej Par
- Department of Endodontics and Restorative Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, University of Zagreb, Gunduliceva 5, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Leo Fürer
- Department of Conservative and Preventive Dentistry, Center for Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Plattenstrasse 11, 8032, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Michelle Stübi
- Department of Conservative and Preventive Dentistry, Center for Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Plattenstrasse 11, 8032, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Danijela Marovic
- Department of Endodontics and Restorative Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, University of Zagreb, Gunduliceva 5, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Zrinka Tarle
- Department of Endodontics and Restorative Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, University of Zagreb, Gunduliceva 5, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Thomas Attin
- Department of Conservative and Preventive Dentistry, Center for Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Plattenstrasse 11, 8032, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Tobias T Tauböck
- Department of Conservative and Preventive Dentistry, Center for Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Plattenstrasse 11, 8032, Zurich, Switzerland
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Greil V, Mayinger F, Reymus M, Stawarczyk B. Water sorption, water solubility, degree of conversion, elastic indentation modulus, edge chipping resistance and flexural strength of 3D-printed denture base resins. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2023; 137:105565. [PMID: 36401933 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2022.105565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 11/05/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the water sorption (wsp), water solubility (wsl), degree of conversion (DC), elastic indentation modulus (EIT), edge chipping resistance (ECR) and flexural strength (FS) of 3D-printed, milled and conventionally polymerized denture base resin materials. METHODS Specimens (N = 540) were 3D-printed (NextDent Denture 3D+ (DEN), Fotodent Denture (FOT), Freeprint Denture (FRE), V-Print dentbase (VPR)), cut (Ivotion Base (IVO)) and molded (PalaXpress (PAL)) in three geometries. Wsp,wsl,DC, EIT, ECR and FS were tested initially (24 h, 37 °C, H20) and after additional aging (5000 thermal cycles, 5/55 °C). Data were analyzed with Kolmogorov-Smirnov, univariate ANOVA, Kruskal-Wallis, Mann-Whitney U test and Spearman's correlation (p < 0.05) RESULTS: Most 3D-printed denture base resins showed higher wsp (25.31-37.94 μg/mm3) and wsl (0.08-8.27 μg/mm3), but also higher EIT (3.11-4.09 GPa) and FS (60.81-99.57N/mm2) values than the control groups. DEN and VPR showed high DC (89.36-93.53%), EIT (3.77-4.09 GPa) and FS (79.65-99.57N/mm2), while FOT showed low wsp (25.31-27.35 μg/mm3) and wsl (1.01-3.87 μg/mm3) values. In all materials, the examined parameters were affected by aging. SIGNIFICANCE Although 3D-printed denture base resins showed promising results with regard to the observed DC and FS, only FOT and FRE surpassed the threshold values defined by the ISO norms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronika Greil
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Dental School, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Goethestraße 70, 80336, Munich, Germany.
| | - Felicitas Mayinger
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Dental School, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Goethestraße 70, 80336, Munich, Germany
| | - Marcel Reymus
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, Dental School, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Goethestraße 70, 80336, Munich, Germany
| | - Bogna Stawarczyk
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry, Dental School, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Goethestraße 70, 80336, Munich, Germany
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Effects of Sr/F-Bioactive Glass Nanoparticles and Calcium Phosphate on Monomer Conversion, Biaxial Flexural Strength, Surface Microhardness, Mass/Volume Changes, and Color Stability of Dual-Cured Dental Composites for Core Build-Up Materials. NANOMATERIALS 2022; 12:nano12111897. [PMID: 35683752 PMCID: PMC9181985 DOI: 10.3390/nano12111897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2022] [Revised: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
This study prepared composites for core build-up containing Sr/F bioactive glass nanoparticles (Sr/F-BGNPs) and monocalcium phosphate monohydrate (MCPM) to prevent dental caries. The effect of the additives on the physical/mechanical properties of the materials was examined. Dual-cured resin composites were prepared using dimethacrylate monomers with added Sr/F-BGNPs (5 or 10 wt%) and MCPM (3 or 6 wt%). The additives reduced the light-activated monomer conversion by ~10%, but their effect on the conversion upon self-curing was negligible. The conversions of light-curing or self-curing polymerization of the experimental materials were greater than that of the commercial material. The additives reduced biaxial flexural strength (191 to 155 MPa), modulus (4.4 to 3.3), and surface microhardness (53 to 45 VHN). These values were comparable to that of the commercial material or within the acceptable range of the standard. The changes in the experimental composites’ mass and volume (~1%) were similar to that of the commercial comparison. The color change of the commercial material (1.0) was lower than that of the experimental composites (1.5–5.8). The addition of Sr/F-BGNPs and MCPM negatively affected the physical/mechanical properties of the composites, but the results were satisfactory except for color stability.
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