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Lei X, Liang X, Yang R, Zhang F, Wang C, Lee CS, Tang Y. Rational Design Strategy of Novel Energy Storage Systems: Toward High-Performance Rechargeable Magnesium Batteries. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2022; 18:e2200418. [PMID: 35315220 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202200418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Revised: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Rechargeable magnesium batteries (RMBs) are promising candidates to replace currently commercialized lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) in large-scale energy storage applications owing to their merits of abundant resources, low cost, high theoretical volumetric capacity, etc. However, the development of RMBs is still facing great challenges including the incompatibility of the electrolyte and the lack of suitable cathode materials with high reversible capacity and fast kinetics of Mg2+ . While tremendous efforts have been made to explore compatible electrolytes and appropriate electrode materials, the rational design of unconventional Mg-based battery systems is another effective strategy for achieving high electrochemical performance. This review specifically discusses the recent research progress of various Mg-based battery systems. First, the optimization of electrolyte and electrode materials for conventional RMBs is briefly discussed. Furthermore, various Mg-based battery systems, including Mg-chalcogen (S, Se, Te) batteries, Mg-halogen (Br2 , I2 ) batteries, hybrid-ion batteries, and Mg-based dual-ion batteries are systematically summarized. This review aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of different Mg-based battery systems, which can inspire latecomers to explore new strategies for the development of high-performance and practically available RMBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Lei
- Advanced Energy Storage Technology Research Center, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China
- School of Chemical Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xiao Liang
- Advanced Energy Storage Technology Research Center, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China
- School of Chemical Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Rui Yang
- Advanced Energy Storage Technology Research Center, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China
- Center of Super-Diamond and Advanced Film (COSDAF), City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, SAR, 999077, China
| | - Fan Zhang
- Advanced Energy Storage Technology Research Center, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China
- School of Chemical Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Human-Machine Intelligence-Synergy Systems, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China
| | - Chenchen Wang
- Center of Super-Diamond and Advanced Film (COSDAF), City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, SAR, 999077, China
| | - Chun-Sing Lee
- Center of Super-Diamond and Advanced Film (COSDAF), City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, SAR, 999077, China
| | - Yongbing Tang
- Advanced Energy Storage Technology Research Center, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China
- School of Chemical Science, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Human-Machine Intelligence-Synergy Systems, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials Processing & Mold, Ministry of Education, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, 450002, China
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Bella F, De Luca S, Fagiolari L, Versaci D, Amici J, Francia C, Bodoardo S. An Overview on Anodes for Magnesium Batteries: Challenges towards a Promising Storage Solution for Renewables. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 11:810. [PMID: 33809914 PMCID: PMC8004101 DOI: 10.3390/nano11030810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Magnesium-based batteries represent one of the successfully emerging electrochemical energy storage chemistries, mainly due to the high theoretical volumetric capacity of metallic magnesium (i.e., 3833 mAh cm-3 vs. 2046 mAh cm-3 for lithium), its low reduction potential (-2.37 V vs. SHE), abundance in the Earth's crust (104 times higher than that of lithium) and dendrite-free behaviour when used as an anode during cycling. However, Mg deposition and dissolution processes in polar organic electrolytes lead to the formation of a passivation film bearing an insulating effect towards Mg2+ ions. Several strategies to overcome this drawback have been recently proposed, keeping as a main goal that of reducing the formation of such passivation layers and improving the magnesium-related kinetics. This manuscript offers a literature analysis on this topic, starting with a rapid overview on magnesium batteries as a feasible strategy for storing electricity coming from renewables, and then addressing the most relevant outcomes in the field of anodic materials (i.e., metallic magnesium, bismuth-, titanium- and tin-based electrodes, biphasic alloys, nanostructured metal oxides, boron clusters, graphene-based electrodes, etc.).
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Bella
- Department of Applied Science and Technology, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi 24, 10129 Turin, Italy; (S.D.L.); (L.F.); (D.V.); (J.A.); (C.F.); (S.B.)
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