Kang B, Hwang J, Choi HS. Brassinin, a brassica-derived phytochemical, regulates monocyte-to-macrophage differentiation and inflammatory responses in human monocytes and murine macrophages.
J Pharm Pharmacol 2020;
72:1245-1255. [PMID:
32441363 DOI:
10.1111/jphp.13291]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2020] [Accepted: 04/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES
The effects and molecular mechanisms of brassinin (BR), an indole phytoalexin from cruciferous vegetables, on monocyte-to-macrophage differentiation and inflammatory responses were investigated in this study.
METHODS
Inflammatory responses from RAW264.7 cells and THP-1 were stimulated by lipopolysaccharide (1 µg/ml), and monocyte-to-macrophage differentiation of THP-1 was induced by phorbol myristate acetate (50 ng/ml). The production of inflammatory mediators was determined by ELISA, Western blot or real-time PCR. Reactive oxygen species were examined by DCFH-DA assay.
KEY FINDINGS
Brassinin at 50 µm suppressed lipopolysaccharide-induced production of nitric oxide synthase, cyclooxygenase-2, prostaglandin E2 and reactive oxygen species by 90%, 69%, 52% and 41%, respectively, in RAW264.7 cells. In THP-1 cells, BR inhibited phorbol myristate acetate-induced monocyte-to-macrophage differentiation by suppressing cluster of differentiation molecule β and CD36. In addition, BR suppressed translocation of nuclear factor 'kappa-light-chain-enhancer' of activated B cells (NF-κB) into the nucleus. However, BR activated the nuclear factor erythroid-derived 2-like 2 (Nrf2) and its target molecules hemoxygenase-1 (HO-1) and NAD(P)H: quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1), with an increase in nuclear translocation of Nrf2.
CONCLUSIONS
Brassinin suppressed monocyte-to-macrophage differentiation and inflammatory responses by differentially regulating Nrf2 and NF-κB signallings.
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