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Hu J, Li P, Zhao H, Ji P, Yang Y, Ma J, Zhao X. Alterations of gut microbiota and its correlation with the liver metabolome in the process of ameliorating Parkinson's disease with Buyang Huanwu decoction. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 318:116893. [PMID: 37423520 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Buyang Huanwu decoction (BHD), a famous traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) formula, was first recorded in Qing Dynasty physician Qingren Wang's Yi Lin Gai Cuo. BHD has been widely utilized in the treatment of patients with neurological disorders, including Parkinson's disease (PD). However, the underlying mechanism has not been fully elucidated. In particular, little is known about the role of gut microbiota. AIM OF THE STUDY We aimed to reveal the alterations and functions of gut microbiota and its correlation with the liver metabolome in the process of improving PD with BHD. MATERIALS AND METHODS The cecal contents were collected from PD mice treated with or without BHD. 16S rRNA gene sequencing was performed on an Illumina MiSeq-PE250 platform, and the ecological structure, dominant taxa, co-occurrence patterns, and function prediction of the gut microbial community were analyzed by multivariate statistical methods. The correlation between differential microbial communities in the gut and differentially accumulated metabolites in the liver was analyzed using Spearman's correlation analysis. RESULTS The abundance of Butyricimonas, Christensenellaceae, Coprococcus, Peptococcaceae, Odoribacteraceae, and Roseburia was altered significantly in the model group, which was by BHD. Ten genera, namely Dorea, unclassified_Lachnospiraceae, Oscillospira, unidentified_Ruminococcaceae, unclassified_Clostridiales, unidentified_Clostridiales, Bacteroides, unclassified_Prevotellaceae, unidentified_Rikenellaceae, and unidentified_S24-7, were identified as key bacterial communities. According to the function prediction of differential genera, the mRNA surveillance pathway might be a target of BHD. Integrated analysis of gut microbiota and the liver metabolome revealed that several gut microbiota genera such as Parabacteroides, Ochrobactrum, Acinetobacter, Clostridium, and Halomonas, were positively or negatively correlated with some nervous system-related metabolites, such as L-carnitine, L-pyroglutamic acid, oleic acid, and taurine. CONCLUSIONS Gut microbiota might be a target of BHD in the process of ameliorating PD. Our findings provide novel insight into the mechanisms underlying the effects of BHD on PD and contribute to the development of TCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianran Hu
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, Jinzhong University, Jinzhong, 030619, China
| | - Ping Li
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, Jinzhong University, Jinzhong, 030619, China.
| | - Hongmei Zhao
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, Jinzhong University, Jinzhong, 030619, China
| | - Pengyu Ji
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, Jinzhong University, Jinzhong, 030619, China
| | - Yanjun Yang
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, Jinzhong University, Jinzhong, 030619, China
| | - Jianhua Ma
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, Jinzhong University, Jinzhong, 030619, China
| | - Xin Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology (Shanxi Medical University), Ministry of Education, and the Department of Physiology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030001, China
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Jing S, Yuan Y, Leuratti C, Vaja V, Cattaneo C. Pharmacokinetic and Safety Study of Single and Multiple Oral Doses of Safinamide in Healthy Chinese Volunteers. Clin Pharmacol Drug Dev 2023; 12:1104-1113. [PMID: 37293981 DOI: 10.1002/cpdd.1277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
This randomized, parallel-group study evaluated the plasma pharmacokinetic profile of safinamide in 24 healthy Chinese men and women, randomly assigned to receive 50 or 100 mg of safinamide as a single dose, followed, after a 7-day washout, by multiple doses once daily for 7 days. Plasma safinamide was determined up to 96 h after the first single dose (day 1) and the last multiple dose (day 14), and up to 24 h after the first multiple dose (day 8). Following single- and multiple-dose administration, peak concentrations were achieved at a median time of 1.5-2 h. Plasma exposure increased in a dose-proportional manner. After single dose, mean half-life was 23-24 h. Area under the concentration-time curve (AUC) from time zero extrapolated to infinity was only slightly higher than AUC from time zero to the last quantifiable concentration, corresponding for the 2 parameters, respectively, to 12,380 and 11,560 ng • h/mL for the 50 mg and to 22,030 and 20,790 ng • h/mL for the 100-mg dose. AUC in the dosing interval at steady state was 13,150 and 23,100 ng • h/mL for 50 and 100 mg of safinamide. Steady state was reached in 6 days, accumulation was approximately twofold, and the pharmacokinetics were time independent. The plasma safinamide pharmacokinetic profile observed in this study is in line with the published results in both Chinese and non-Asian populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sun Jing
- Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yaozong Yuan
- Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Hu J, Li P, Han H, Ji P, Zhao X, Li Z. Integrated analysis of metabolomic and transcriptomic profiling reveals the effect of Buyang Huanwu decoction on Parkinson's disease in mice. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 114:154755. [PMID: 36948142 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.154755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Parkinson's disease (PD) is a common, complex, and chronic neurodegenerative disorder involved in multi-system. At present, medicine for PD has many limitations. Buyang Huanwu decoction (BHD), a famous traditional Chinese medicinal (TCM) formulae, is used in the treatment of PD clinically in China. However, the therapeutic mechanism is still unknown. PURPOSE We aimed to explore the pharmacological mechanism of BHD alleviating PD through an integrated liver metabolome and brain transcriptome analysis. METHODS The mice with PD were induced by 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP). Behavioral tests and immunohistochemistry were used to evaluate the neuroprotective effects of BHD. The non-targeted metabolomics analysis was conducted to profile differentially accumulated metabolites (DAMs) in the liver using a UHPLC-Q-Exactive MS/MS method. The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the brain were investigated by transcriptomic analysis on an Illumina sequencing platform. The correlations of DAMs and DEGs were investigated using an integrated metabolomic and transcriptomic approach. RESULTS The results of behavioral tests and immunohistochemistry proved the alleviated effects of BHD on PD symptoms. A total of 14 and 36 DAMs were detected in the groups treated with low- (L group) and high-dose (H group) BHD respectively under the positive ion mode. Compared with the PD model group (M group), three enriched pathways including metabolic pathways, ABC transporters, and biosynthesis of amino acids were common in the L and H group. Transcriptomic analysis proved that BHD could regulate the expression of numerous genes, some of which were targeted by Ben-Ldopa such as Creb5, Gm45623, Ccer2, Cd180, Fosl2, Crip3, and Noxred1. Based on the integrated metabolomic and transcriptomic analysis, 7 metabolite-gene pairs were found in four comparisons, including C vs M, M vs P, M vs L, and M vs H, and 6 enriched pathways containing purine metabolism, glycine/serine/threonine metabolism, phenylalanine metabolism, carbon fixation in photosynthetic organisms, thiamine metabolism, and ABC transporters were overlapped. CONCLUSIONS Though the underlying pharmacological mechanism of BHD is still lacking, we provided evidence that BHD could improve dopaminergic neurons in MPTP-induced PD mice by regulating liver metabolism and brain transcriptome. The correlation between the liver and the brain was preliminarily revealed in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianran Hu
- Institute of Biotechnology, The Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China; Department of Biological Science and Technology, Jinzhong University, Jinzhong 030619, China
| | - Ping Li
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, Jinzhong University, Jinzhong 030619, China
| | - Hongyan Han
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, Jinzhong University, Jinzhong 030619, China
| | - Pengyu Ji
- Institute of Biotechnology, The Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China; Department of Biological Science and Technology, Jinzhong University, Jinzhong 030619, China
| | - Xin Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology (Shanxi Medical University), Ministry of Education, and the Department of Physiology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - Zhuoyu Li
- Institute of Biotechnology, The Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China.
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Wei Q, Tan Y, Xu P, Tao E, Lu Z, Pan X, Wang B, Liu C, Dong X, Tian Y, Sun X, Cattaneo C, Chen S, Shang H, Shang H, Tao E, Liu C, Wu Y, Geng D, Lu Z, Xu P, Hu X, Luo Y, Zhou J, Huang W, Chen G, Tian Y, Tuo H, Wang B, Zhang M, Liu J, Sun X, Jiao L, Jin L, Feng T, Liu Y, Zhang B, Ye Q, Xu Y, Liu J, Gu S, Xu YM, Dong X, Liu D, Pan X. The XINDI Study: A Randomized Phase III Clinical Trial Evaluating the Efficacy and Safety of Safinamide as Add-On Therapy to Levodopa in Chinese Patients with Parkinson's Disease with Motor Fluctuations. CNS Drugs 2022; 36:1217-1227. [PMID: 36346534 PMCID: PMC9641300 DOI: 10.1007/s40263-022-00958-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Levodopa remains the gold standard for the treatment of Parkinson's disease, but its long-term use is associated with motor complications whose management is still a significant challenge. Safinamide is a multimodal drug with proven efficacy as an adjunct to levodopa. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of safinamide as an add-on to levodopa in Chinese patients with Parkinson's disease with motor fluctuations. METHODS The XINDI study was a phase III, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, multicenter study, with a 2-week screening period and a 16-week treatment period. The starting dose of safinamide (or placebo) was 50 mg once daily, increased to 100 mg once daily at day 15. Patients aged ≥ 18 years, with idiopathic Parkinson's disease of >3 years duration, Hoehn and Yahr stage 1-4, and daily OFF time ≥ 1.5 h, were eligible. Patients should follow a stable oral levodopa regimen and may receive concomitant treatment with stable doses of other anti-Parkinson drugs, except monoamine oxidase-B inhibitors. Patients with severe disabling peak-dose or biphasic dyskinesia, unpredictable or widely swinging fluctuations, other forms of parkinsonism, a history of dementia or severe cognitive dysfunction, major psychiatric illnesses, and/or clinically significant medical illnesses were excluded. The primary efficacy endpoint was the change from baseline to week 16 in the mean daily OFF time. Secondary efficacy endpoints included the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale, the Numerical Rating Scale, the Clinical Global Impression scale, and the 39-Item Parkinson's Disease Questionnaire scale. The statistical analysis of the efficacy parameters was conducted using an analysis of co-variance, except for the Clinical Global Impression scale scores that were assessed using the Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney test. Safety was evaluated through the frequency of adverse events and serious adverse events, physical examination, vital signs, 12-lead electrocardiograms, and laboratory exams. All safety endpoints were summarized using descriptive statistics. RESULTS The trial enrolled 307 patients. At week 16, the difference in the change of the mean total daily OFF time between safinamide and placebo groups was 1.10 h (p < 0.0001). This change was significantly greater in the safinamide group starting from week 2, suggesting a rapid onset of drug efficacy. ON time, Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale, Clinical Global Impression scale, and the 39-Item Parkinson's Disease Questionnaire showed statistically significant improvements. There were no significant between-group differences for adverse events or serious adverse events. CONCLUSIONS Safinamide, as add-on therapy to levodopa, significantly reduced motor fluctuations and improved motor symptoms and quality of life of Chinese patients with idiopathic Parkinson's disease. The improvements observed in the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale total and motor scores were also clinically significant. No safety concerns were identified, confirming the good tolerability profile of the drug. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION NCT03881371, registered on 19 March, 2019, https://clinicaltrials.gov/NCT03881371 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianqian Wei
- grid.412901.f0000 0004 1770 1022Department of Neurology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuyan Tan
- grid.16821.3c0000 0004 0368 8293Department of Neurology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Pingyi Xu
- grid.470124.4Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Enxiang Tao
- grid.412536.70000 0004 1791 7851Department of Neurology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zuneng Lu
- grid.412632.00000 0004 1758 2270Department of Neurology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xiaoping Pan
- grid.413432.30000 0004 1798 5993Department of Neurology, Guangzhou First People’s Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Baojun Wang
- Department of Neurology, Baotou City Central Hospital, Baotou, China
| | - Chunfeng Liu
- grid.452666.50000 0004 1762 8363Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xueshuang Dong
- grid.452354.10000 0004 1757 9055Department of Neurology, Daqing Oilfield General Hospital, Daqing, China
| | - Yuling Tian
- grid.452461.00000 0004 1762 8478Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Xin Sun
- grid.64924.3d0000 0004 1760 5735Department of Neurology, The First Bethune Hospital of Jilin University, Jilin, China
| | - Carlo Cattaneo
- grid.476824.bMedical Department, Zambon SpA, Bresso, Italy
| | - Shengdi Chen
- Department of Neurology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No. 197 Ruijin Er Road, Shanghai, 2000001, China.
| | - Huifang Shang
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, No. 37 Guoxue Alley, Wuhou, Sichuan, 610041, Chengdu, China.
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Ghemrawi R, Khair M. Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Unfolded Protein Response in Neurodegenerative Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E6127. [PMID: 32854418 PMCID: PMC7503386 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21176127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 146] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Revised: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is an important organelle involved in protein quality control and cellular homeostasis. The accumulation of unfolded proteins leads to an ER stress, followed by an adaptive response via the activation of the unfolded protein response (UPR), PKR-like ER kinase (PERK), inositol-requiring transmembrane kinase/endoribonuclease 1α (IRE1α) and activating transcription factor 6 (ATF6) pathways. However, prolonged cell stress activates apoptosis signaling leading to cell death. Neuronal cells are particularly sensitive to protein misfolding, consequently ER and UPR dysfunctions were found to be involved in many neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and prions diseases, among others characterized by the accumulation and aggregation of misfolded proteins. Pharmacological UPR modulation in affected tissues may contribute to the treatment and prevention of neurodegeneration. The association between ER stress, UPR and neuropathology is well established. In this review, we provide up-to-date evidence of UPR activation in neurodegenerative disorders followed by therapeutic strategies targeting the UPR and ameliorating the toxic effects of protein unfolding and aggregation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rose Ghemrawi
- College of Pharmacy, Al Ain University, Abu Dhabi 112612, UAE
| | - Mostafa Khair
- Core Technology Platforms, New York University Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi 129188, UAE;
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Botanical Therapeutics for Parkinson’s Disease. Chin J Integr Med 2020; 26:405-411. [DOI: 10.1007/s11655-020-3096-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/15/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Lou D, Wang J, Wang X. Single nucleotide polymorphisms in the non-coding region of STIM1 gene are associated with Parkinson disease risk in Chinese Han population. Medicine (Baltimore) 2020; 99:e19234. [PMID: 32118726 PMCID: PMC7478395 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000019234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The stromal interaction molecule 1 (STIM1) gene contributes essentially to Ca transport, thus it is functionally related to neurodegenerative disorders. The objective of this study was to investigate the correlation between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) in the non-coding region of STIM1 gene and the risk for Parkinson disease (PD) in a Chinese Han population.In a cohort composed of 300 PD patients and 300 healthy individuals from a Chinese Han population, we analyzed genotypes for five novel SNPs, rs7934581, rs3794050, rs1561876, rs3750994 and rs3750996 in the non-coding region of STIM1 gene. The levels of STIM1 protein in plasma of these subjects were also assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).We found that the SNPs of STIM1 gene rs7934581, rs3794050, rs1561876, and rs3750996 were associated with increased PD risk, while rs3750994 SNP was not. An increased risk of PD was observed in subjects with the TAAG and TGAG haplotypes of rs7934581, rs3794050, rs1561876, rs3750996. Moreover, PD risk was significantly elevated only in subjects with age ≥60 years or females who carry the STIM1 rs3794050 minor allele. There was a significant difference in plasma STIM1 protein levels between subjects with different genotypes of STIM1 rs7934581, rs3794050, rs1561876, and rs3750996.STIM1 gene rs7934581, rs3794050, rs1561876, rs3750996 SNPs are associated with increased PD risk, and its mechanism may be related to abnormal STIM1 gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danning Lou
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Hangzhou Normal University
| | - Jun Wang
- Binjiang clinic, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University
| | - Xiaohang Wang
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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Weekes BSH. Aphasia in Alzheimer's Disease and Other Dementias (ADOD): Evidence From Chinese. Am J Alzheimers Dis Other Demen 2020; 35:1533317520949708. [PMID: 33040568 PMCID: PMC10624002 DOI: 10.1177/1533317520949708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Speech and language impairments (aphasia) are typical of patients with Alzheimer's Disease and other dementias (ADOD) and in some pathologies are diagnostic e.g. Primary Progressive Aphasia (PPA). One question concerns the reliability and validity of symptomatology across typologically different languages. A review of aphasia in ADOD across languages suggests a similar pattern of word comprehension, naming and word finding difficulties but also evidence of language specific features in symptomatology e.g. processing of tone in Chinese languages. Given differences in linguistic impairments across languages, it is recommended that screening for aphasia in community and epidemiological studies use a Short ScreeningTest (SST) that can be delivered across dialects and languages in indigenous languages and also multilingual populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brendan Stuart Hackett Weekes
- University of Cambridge, United Kingdom
- University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong
- University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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Zhang J, Su Q, Loudon WG, Lee KL, Luo J, Dethlefs BA, Li SC. Breathing Signature as Vitality Score Index Created by Exercises of Qigong: Implications of Artificial Intelligence Tools Used in Traditional Chinese Medicine. J Funct Morphol Kinesiol 2019; 4:71. [PMID: 31853512 PMCID: PMC6919646 DOI: 10.3390/jfmk4040071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Rising concerns about the short- and long-term detrimental consequences of administration of conventional pharmacopeia are fueling the search for alternative, complementary, personalized, and comprehensive approaches to human healthcare. Qigong, a form of Traditional Chinese Medicine, represents a viable alternative approach. Here, we started with the practical, philosophical, and psychological background of Ki (in Japanese) or Qi (in Chinese) and their relationship to Qigong theory and clinical application. Noting the drawbacks of the current state of Qigong clinic, herein we propose that to manage the unique aspects of the Eastern 'non-linearity' and 'holistic' approach, it needs to be integrated with the Western "linearity" "one-direction" approach. This is done through developing the concepts of "Qigong breathing signatures," which can define our life breathing patterns associated with diseases using machine learning technology. We predict that this can be achieved by establishing an artificial intelligence (AI)-Medicine training camp of databases, which will integrate Qigong-like breathing patterns with different pathologies unique to individuals. Such an integrated connection will allow the AI-Medicine algorithm to identify breathing patterns and guide medical intervention. This unique view of potentially connecting Eastern Medicine and Western Technology can further add a novel insight to our current understanding of both Western and Eastern medicine, thereby establishing a vitality score index (VSI) that can predict the outcomes of lifestyle behaviors and medical conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjie Zhang
- School of Physical Training and Physical Therapy, Shenzhen University, 3688 Nanhai Avenue, Nanshan District, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Qingning Su
- Center of Bioengineering, School of Medicine, Shenzhen University, 3688 Nanhai Avenue, Nanshan District, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - William G. Loudon
- Neuroscience Institute, Children’s Hospital of Orange County, Gamma Knife Center of Southern California, Department of Neurosurgery, University of California-Irvine School of Medicine, Orange, CA 92612, USA
| | - Katherine L. Lee
- School of Social Ecology, University of California-Irvine, 5300 Social and Behavioral Sciences Gateway, Irvine, CA 92697-7050, USA
| | - Jane Luo
- AB Sciex, Inc., Danaher Corporation, 250 South Kraemer Boulevard, Brea, CA 92821-6232, USA
| | - Brent A. Dethlefs
- CHOC Children’s Research Institute, Children’s Hospital of Orange County (CHOC), 1201 W. La Veta Ave., Orange, CA 92868-3874, USA
| | - Shengwen Calvin Li
- Neuro-Oncology and Stem Cell Research Laboratory (NSCL), CHOC Children’s Research Institute (CCRI), Children’s Hospital of Orange County (CHOC), 1201 W. La Veta Ave., Orange, CA 92868-3874, USA
- Department of Neurology, University of California-Irvine (UCI) School of Medicine, 200 S Manchester Ave Ste 206, Orange, CA 92868, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-714-509-4964; Fax: +1-714-509-4318
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Khan AN, Bronstein A, Bain P, Pavese N, Nandi D. Pedunculopontine and Subthalamic Nucleus Stimulation Effect on Saccades in Parkinson Disease. World Neurosurg 2019; 126:e219-e231. [DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2019.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2018] [Revised: 02/11/2019] [Accepted: 02/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Shen T, Zhao S, Jiang Y, Pu J, Lai HY, Yan Y, Tian J, Chen Y, Zhang B. Haplotype Analysis on the Relationship of the DNAJC6 Gene with Early-Onset Parkinson's Disease Risk in a Chinese Population. JOURNAL OF PARKINSONS DISEASE 2018; 9:109-120. [PMID: 30373961 DOI: 10.3233/jpd-181411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND DNAJC6 gene is one of the Parkinson's disease (PD) related genes, but relationship between DNAJC6 polymorphisms and PD remains unclear. OBJECTIVE We aims to examine the association between genetic variations in DNAJC6 gene and idiopathic early-onset PD (EOPD) in the Chinese population. METHODS Exons and intron/exon boundaries of DNAJC6 gene was amplified and sequenced in 135 EOPD patients and 212 healthy controls. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP)-based and haplotype-based association study between EOPD and DNAJC6 was conducted. SNP-SNP interactions were investigated using the generalized multifactor dimensionality reduction (GMDR) method. We further evaluated the effect of variants on gene function and expression using online in silico algorithms and databases. RESULTS We found fourteen previously reported SNPs in the DNAJC6 gene. The frequencies of variant alleles in rs11208644, rs4582839 and rs4915691 were observed significantly higher in EOPD group compared to healthy controls, while in rs6588144 was significantly lower. Additionally, haplotype analysis indicated that the CTCACTCGGC, CTTACTCGGC and TTTGTTCGAC haplotypes were associated with higher EOPD risk in EOPD patients. SNP-SNP interaction analysis showed that rs12077111-rs4592284 SNP combination was the best model with higher EOPD risk. Based on the in silico analysis results, these SNPs were predicted to be no harm to the protein function, but might lead to possible changes in splice site and alter the expression level of DNAJC6. CONCLUSION Our study indicated that EOPD was associated with several SNPs and haplotypes of DNAJC6 gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Shen
- Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Interdisciplinary Institute of Neuroscience and Technology, Qiushi Academy for Advanced Studies, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shuai Zhao
- Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yasi Jiang
- Interdisciplinary Institute of Neuroscience and Technology, Qiushi Academy for Advanced Studies, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiali Pu
- Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hsin-Yi Lai
- Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.,Interdisciplinary Institute of Neuroscience and Technology, Qiushi Academy for Advanced Studies, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yaping Yan
- Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jun Tian
- Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yanxin Chen
- Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Baorong Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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Abstract
Parkinson disease (PD) is a complex, multisystem disorder with both neurologic and systemic nonmotor manifestations. It is neurodegenerative in nature in which disordered balance, gait, and falls are universal problems that can be present at initial diagnosis, and which progress over time. Freezing of gait is a particularly debilitating feature of PD that becomes more prevalent over time with disease progression, being present in approximately 7% after 2 years of disease and 28% after 5 years. Approximately 60% of people with PD fall each year, with around 70% of fallers falling recurrently, and some recurrent fallers falling multiple times per week. Many risk factors for falls in people with PD have been identified; these include a history of falls, freezing of gait, and abnormalities in measures of balance, leg muscle strength, mobility, cognition, and fear of falling. Therapies for improving physical function and mobility include levodopa, cholinesterase inhibitors, methylphenidate, deep-brain stimulation, cuing for freezing of gait, and exercise. This chapter reviews the clinical, pathologic, and physiologic correlates of gait disturbance and falls in PD, as well as the evidence for medical and nonmedical interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel D Kim
- Movement Disorders Unit, Department of Neurology, Westmead Hospital and Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Natalie E Allen
- Discipline of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Colleen G Canning
- Discipline of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Victor S C Fung
- Movement Disorders Unit, Department of Neurology, Westmead Hospital and Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
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13
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Zhao M, Hu C, Wu Z, Chen Y, Li Z, Zhang M. Effects of coordination and manipulation therapy for patients with Parkinson disease. Int J Neurosci 2016; 127:762-769. [PMID: 27740882 DOI: 10.1080/00207454.2016.1248839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To determine the effects of a new exercise training regimen, i.e. coordination and manipulation therapy (CMT), on motor, balance, and cardiac functions in patients with Parkinson disease (PD). MATERIALS AND METHODS We divided 36 PD patients into the CMT (n = 22) and control (n = 14) groups. The patients in the CMT group performed dry-land swimming (imitation of the breaststroke) and paraspinal muscle stretching for 30 min/workday for 1 year. The control subjects did not exercise regularly. The same medication regimen was maintained in both groups during the study. Clinical characteristics, Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) scores, Berg balance scale (BBS) scores, mechanical balance measurements, timed up and go (TUG) test, and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) were compared at 0 (baseline), 6, and 12 months. Biochemical test results were compared at 0 and 12 months. The primary outcome was motor ability. The secondary outcome was cardiac function. RESULTS In the CMT group, UPDRS scores significantly improved, TUG test time and step number significantly decreased, BBS scores significantly increased, and most mechanical balance measurements significantly improved after 1 year of regular exercise therapy (all p < 0.05). In the control group, UPDRS scores significantly deteriorated, TUG test time and step number significantly increased, BBS scores significantly decreased, and most mechanical balance measurements significantly worsened after 1 year (all P < 0.05). LVEF improved in the CMT group only (P = 0.01). CONCLUSIONS This preliminary study suggests that CMT effectively improved mobility disorder, balance, and cardiac function in PD patients over a 1-year period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingming Zhao
- a Southern Medical University , Guangzhou , China.,b Department of Rehabilitation Medicine , Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangdong General Hospital , Guangzhou , China.,c Department of Neurology , Jiangbin Hospital , Nanning , China
| | - Caiyou Hu
- c Department of Neurology , Jiangbin Hospital , Nanning , China
| | - Zhixin Wu
- d Department of Emergency Medicine , Foshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine , Foshan , China
| | - Yu Chen
- e Department of Physical therapy , Jiangbin Hospital , Nanning , China
| | - Zhengming Li
- e Department of Physical therapy , Jiangbin Hospital , Nanning , China
| | - Mingsheng Zhang
- b Department of Rehabilitation Medicine , Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangdong General Hospital , Guangzhou , China
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14
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Jiang LL, Liu JL, Fu XL, Xian WB, Gu J, Liu YM, Ye J, Chen J, Qian H, Xu SH, Pei Z, Chen L. Long-term Efficacy of Subthalamic Nucleus Deep Brain Stimulation in Parkinson's Disease: A 5-year Follow-up Study in China. Chin Med J (Engl) 2016; 128:2433-8. [PMID: 26365958 PMCID: PMC4725566 DOI: 10.4103/0366-6999.164925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Subthalamic nucleus deep brain stimulation (STN DBS) is effective against advanced Parkinson's disease (PD), allowing dramatic improvement of Parkinsonism, in addition to a significant reduction in medication. Here we aimed to investigate the long-term effect of STN DBS in Chinese PD patients, which has not been thoroughly studied in China. Methods: Ten PD patients were assessed before DBS and followed up 1, 3, and 5 years later using Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale Part III (UPDRS III), Parkinson's Disease Questionnatire-39, Parkinson's Disease Sleep Scale-Chinese Version, Mini-mental State Examination, Montreal Cognitive Assessment, Hamilton Anxiety Scale and Hamilton Depression Scale. Stimulation parameters and drug dosages were recorded at each follow-up. Data were analyzed using the ANOVA for repeated measures. Results: In the “off” state (off medication), DBS improved UPDRS III scores by 35.87% in 5 years, compared with preoperative baseline (P < 0.001). In the “on” state (on medication), motor scores at 5 years were similar to the results of preoperative levodopa challenge test. The quality of life is improved by 58.18% (P < 0.001) from baseline to 3 years and gradually declined afterward. Sleep, cognition, and emotion were mostly unchanged. Levodopa equivalent daily dose was reduced from 660.4 ± 210.1 mg at baseline to 310.6 ± 158.4 mg at 5 years (by 52.96%, P < 0.001). The average pulse width, frequency and amplitude at 5 years were 75.0 ± 18.21 μs, 138.5 ± 19.34 Hz, and 2.68 ± 0.43 V, respectively. Conclusions: STN DBS is an effective intervention for PD, although associated with a slightly diminished efficacy after 5 years. Compared with other studies, patients in our study required lower voltage and medication for satisfactory symptom control.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Ling Chen
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Major Neurological Diseases, National Key Clinical Department, National Key Discipline, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, China
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15
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Val158Met polymorphism of COMT gene and Parkinson’s disease risk in Asians. Neurol Sci 2014; 36:109-15. [DOI: 10.1007/s10072-014-1896-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2014] [Accepted: 07/16/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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16
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Wang Y, Sun S, Zhu S, Liu C, Liu Y, Di Q, Shang H, Ren Y, Lu C, Gordon MF, Juhel N, Chen S. The efficacy and safety of pramipexole ER versus IR in Chinese patients with Parkinson's disease: a randomized, double-blind, double-dummy, parallel-group study. Transl Neurodegener 2014; 3:11. [PMID: 25114789 PMCID: PMC4128609 DOI: 10.1186/2047-9158-3-11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2014] [Accepted: 05/19/2014] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective To evaluate the non-inferiority of pramipexole extended-release (ER) versus immediate-release (IR) in Chinese patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD) in a double-blind, randomized, parallel-group study. Methods Subjects were Chinese patients with idiopathic PD with diagnosis ≥ 2 years prior to trial, age ≥ 30 years old at diagnosis, and Modified Hoehn and Yahr score 2-4 during ‘on’-time. Subjects received treatment with pramipexole ER (n=234) or IR (n=239). Non-inferiority was based on the primary endpoint, the change from baseline to end of maintenance (week 18) in the UPDRS (Parts II + III) total score. Results For the primary endpoint, the adjusted mean changes (standard error) of UPDRS Parts II + III at week 18 were -13.81 (0.655) and -13.05 (0.643) for ER and IR formulations, respectively, using ANCOVA adjusted for treatment and centre (fixed effect) and baseline (covariate). The adjusted mean between group difference was 0.8 for the 2-sided 95% CI (-1.047, 2.566). Since the lower limit of the 2-sided 95% CI (-1.047) for treatment difference was higher than the non-inferiority margin of -4, non-inferiority between pramipexole ER and IR was demonstrated. The incidence of adverse events (AEs) was 68.8% in the ER arm and 73.6% in the IR arm with few severe AEs (ER: 2.1%; IR: 3.8%). Conclusion Based on the UPDRS II + III score, pramipexole ER was non-inferior to pramipexole IR. The safety profiles of pramipexole ER and IR were similar. These results were based on comparable mean daily doses and durations of treatment for both formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Wang
- Ruijin Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Shenggang Sun
- Union Hospital affiliated to Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Suiqiang Zhu
- Tongji Hospital affiliated to Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Chunfeng Liu
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yiming Liu
- Qilu Hospital affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Qing Di
- Nanjing Brain Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Huifang Shang
- West China Hospital affiliated to Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yan Ren
- First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Changhong Lu
- Boehringer Ingelheim International Trading (Shanghai) Co, Ltd, Shanghai, China
| | | | | | - Shengdi Chen
- Department of Neurology, Ruijin Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Chen W, Chen S, Xiao Q, Wang G, Chen SD. Current clinical practice for Parkinson's disease among Chinese physicians, general neurologists and movement disorders specialists: a national survey. BMC Neurol 2012; 12:155. [PMID: 23216699 PMCID: PMC3538053 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2377-12-155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2012] [Accepted: 11/29/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background To explore current status and choices regarding diagnosis and treatment of Parkinson’s disease (PD) among physicians, general neurologists and movement disorders specialists in China via a national survey. Methods The cross-sectional questionnaire-based survey was conducted from November, 2010 to July, 2011. Six hundreds and twelve doctors from different cities in China were recruited for this study. Results 68.6% (n=420) and 23.9% (n=146) of doctors have read the national and international guidelines, respectively. There was a larger proportion of movement disorders specialists reading the guidelines, in contrast to physicians and general neurologists (P<0.001). Up to 76.4% (n=465) and 81.8% (n=498) of doctors would choose standard oral levodopa test and conventional MRI(with T1 and T2), respectively; Whereas susceptibility weighed imaging(SWI)(16.1%; n=98), transcranial sonography (TCS) (1.8%; n=11) and functional neuroimaging test, such as single photon emission computed tomography(SPECT) (10.2%; n=62) and positron emission tomography(PET)(13.3%; n=81) were less used for suspected patients with PD in clinical practice. Doctors at different levels or from different hospitals and cities would choose different medication for motor complications and non-motor symptoms of patients with PD, in addition to initial drug selection for newly diagnosed PD. Doctors who had read the guidelines had significantly better knowledge of medication selections for PD under specific circumstances. Conclusions Compared with commonly employed standard oral levodopa test and conventional MRI, SWI complements MRI, TCS and functional neuroimaging were less performed for diagnosis of PD in clinical practice in China. The choices of diagnostic methods and therapeutic strategy of PD vary among physicians, general neurologists and movement disorders specialists. Guideline awareness is markedly beneficial to reasonable PD medications strategy in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Chen
- Department of Neurology & Institute of Neurology, Ruijin Hospital affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
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Wang Y, Lin XM, Zheng GQ. Traditional Chinese medicine for Parkinson's disease in China and beyond. J Altern Complement Med 2011; 17:385-8. [PMID: 21548818 DOI: 10.1089/acm.2011.0025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Wang
- Center of Neurology and Rehabilitation, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical College, 109 Xueyuan West Road, Wenzhou, China
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Chen L, Wang Y, Xiao H, Wang L, Wang C, Guo S, Zhao Y, Hua P, Liu W, Zhang N. The 712A/G polymorphism of Brain-derived neurotrophic factor is associated with Parkinson's disease but not Major Depressive Disorder in a Chinese Han population. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2011; 408:318-21. [PMID: 21510922 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2011.04.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2011] [Accepted: 04/07/2011] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Overlaps in clinical, pathological and molecular characteristics of Parkinson's disease (PD) and Major Depressive Disorder (MD-D) have promoted association studies in search of common genetic risk factors that may predispose or modify this spectrum of disorders. Experimental and clinical data suggest that genetic variations in Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) gene may increase the risk for PD and MD-D. METHODS Two hundred and sixty-six PD, 83 MD-D and 400 controls were recruited for this study, assessed using a battery of neuropsychological tests, and genotyped for 11757C/G, 712A/G, 196A/G, and 270C/T in BDNF gene. RESULTS 712A/G was associated with 2.50-fold time risk of PD. By combining genotypes AG/AA with 712 GG genotype as reference (OR=1) in stratification analysis, AG/AA genotypes were associated with PD (OR=2.94, 95% CI=1.88-4.61). Accordingly, the A allele was significantly overrepresented in PD compared with the G allele (OR=3.16, 95% CI=2.08-4.81). This distribution in females and males were similar. CONCLUSION Our results suggested a novel association between BDNF 712A/G AG/AA genotypes and PD in a Chinese Han population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Chen
- Department of Medical Psychology, Nanjing Brain Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210029, PR China
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