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Sapienza J, Spangaro M, Guillemin GJ, Comai S, Bosia M. Importance of the dysregulation of the kynurenine pathway on cognition in schizophrenia: a systematic review of clinical studies. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2023; 273:1317-1328. [PMID: 36460745 DOI: 10.1007/s00406-022-01519-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Schizophrenia is a chronic psychotic disease burdened by cognitive deficits which hamper daily functioning causing disability and costs for society. Biological determinants underlying cognitive impairment are only partially understood and there are no convincing pharmacological targets able to improve cognitive outcome. Mounting evidence has shown the involvement of the kynurenine pathway in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia, also concerning cognitive symptoms. Therefore, the action of specific metabolites of kynurenine could affects cognition in schizophrenia. To evaluate the impact of the metabolites of kynurenine pathway on cognitive functions in schizophrenia spectrum disorders, with a focus on the modulating role of gender, to identify predictors of cognitive functioning and hypothetical pharmacological targets able to resize disability by improving cognition, thus functioning and quality of life. A systematic review was performed in PubMed/MEDLINE and Embase according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses. All studies measuring the direct impact of kynurenine metabolites on cognitive performances in living individuals with schizophrenia spectrum disorders were included in the review. Six studies were included. The activation of the kynurenine pathway resulted associated with greater cognitive deficits in patients with schizophrenia and both elevations and reduction of metabolites seemed able to affect cognitive outcome. No modulating role of sex emerged. This systematic review provides evidence that the activation of the kynurenine pathway affects cognition in patients with schizophrenia and highlights this pathway as a possible future target for developing novel drugs toward this still unmet clinical need. However, evidence is still limited and future studies are needed to further clarify the relationship between kynurenine pathway and cognition in schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Gilles J Guillemin
- Neuroinflammation Group, Macquarie Medicine School, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Stefano Comai
- IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.
- Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padua, Padua, Italy.
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padua, Padua, Italy.
| | - Marta Bosia
- IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
- School of Medicine, Vita Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
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Cengiz M, Karacetin G, Topal M, Yuksel M, Eseroglu T, Akdeniz G, Demir T, Erkiran M, Dirican A, Bayoglu B. COMT rs4680 and DRD2 rs6275 variants and their association with YMRS scores in children with early-onset bipolar disorder. THE EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpsy.2022.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Evermann U, Gaser C, Besteher B, Langbein K, Nenadić I. Cortical Gyrification, Psychotic-Like Experiences, and Cognitive Performance in Nonclinical Subjects. Schizophr Bull 2020; 46:1524-1534. [PMID: 32691058 PMCID: PMC7707080 DOI: 10.1093/schbul/sbaa068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Psychotic-like experiences (PLE) are present in nonclinical populations, yet their association with brain structural variation, especially markers of early neurodevelopment, is poorly understood. We tested the hypothesis that cortical surface gyrification, a putative marker of early brain development, is associated with PLE in healthy subjects. METHODS We analyzed gyrification from 3 Tesla MRI scans (using CAT12 software) and PLE (positive, negative, and depressive symptom dimensions derived from the Community Assessment of Psychic Experiences, CAPE) in 103 healthy participants (49 females, mean age 29.13 ± 9.37 years). A subsample of 63 individuals completed tasks from the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale and Controlled Oral Word Association Test. Estimated IQ and a composite neuropsychological score were used to explore mediation pathways via cognition. RESULTS Positive PLE distress was negatively associated with gyrification of the left precuneus. PLE depression dimension showed a negative association with gyrification in the right supramarginal and temporal region. There was no significant mediating effect of cognition on these associations. CONCLUSION Our results support a neurobiological psychosis spectrum, for the first time linking an early developmental imaging marker (rather than volume) to dimensional subclinical psychotic symptoms. While schizophrenia risk, neurodevelopment, and cognitive function might share genetic risk factors, additional mediation analyses did not confirm a mediating effect of cognition on the gyrification-psychopathology correlation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulrika Evermann
- Cognitive Neuropsychiatry Lab, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marburg, Germany
- Center for Mind, Brain and Behavior (CMBB), Marburg, Germany
| | - Christian Gaser
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
- Department of Neurology, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Bianca Besteher
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Kerstin Langbein
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Igor Nenadić
- Cognitive Neuropsychiatry Lab, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Marburg, Germany
- Center for Mind, Brain and Behavior (CMBB), Marburg, Germany
- Marburg University Hospital – UKGM, Marburg, Germany
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Bosia M, Buonocore M, Bechi M, Stere LM, Silvestri MP, Inguscio E, Spangaro M, Cocchi F, Bianchi L, Guglielmino C, Cavallaro R. Schizophrenia, cannabis use and Catechol-O-Methyltransferase (COMT): Modeling the interplay on cognition. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2019; 92:363-368. [PMID: 30790675 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2019.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2018] [Revised: 02/11/2019] [Accepted: 02/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Cognitive impairments are considered core features of schizophrenia and are recognized as the most important predictors of functional outcome and quality of life. A better study of the mechanisms underlying the cognition is of extreme relevance. Literature has shown that several genetic and environmental factors affect cognitive performance. In particular, the interaction between Catechol-O-Methyltransferase (COMT) gene and cannabis use has gained increasing attention in the past years. Based on these premises, the present study, aimed to analyze the interplay between cannabis use and COMT polymorphism on cognitive performance in a sample of 135 patients with chronic schizophrenia. Patients were assessed for neurocognitive measures with a broad battery, genotyped for COMT Val158Met polymorphism from peripheral blood sample, and evaluated with a semi-structured interview in order to establish the history of cannabis abuse. Results showed a significant interaction effect between COMT polymorphism and cannabis use on verbal fluency and speed of processing. The analysis revealed significant differences between subjects COMT Val/Val homozygous and Met carriers with history of cannabis use, with a better performance on both tasks among the Met carriers group. These data are in line with literature on healthy subjects that suggests a more detrimental effect of cannabis among subjects with Val/Val genotype. In conclusions, results highlight the need to better disentangle the biological pathways in which cannabis use and COMT are converging, as possible treatment targets, as well as the importance to assess these factors in clinical to optimize individualized interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Bosia
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy; School of Medicine, Vita -Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Mariachiara Buonocore
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.
| | - Margherita Bechi
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | | | | | - Emanuela Inguscio
- School of Psychology, Vita -Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
| | - Marco Spangaro
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Federica Cocchi
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Laura Bianchi
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Carmelo Guglielmino
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Roberto Cavallaro
- Department of Clinical Neurosciences, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy; School of Medicine, Vita -Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy
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The impact of COMT polymorphisms on cognition in Bipolar Disorder: A review: Special Section on "Translational and Neuroscience Studies in Affective Disorders" Section Editor, Maria Nobile MD, PhD. This Section of JAD focuses on the relevance of translational and neuroscience studies in providing a better understanding of the neural basis of affective disorders. The main aim is to briefly summaries relevant research findings in clinical neuroscience with particular regards to specific innovative topics in mood and anxiety disorders. J Affect Disord 2019; 243:545-551. [PMID: 30146088 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2018.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2018] [Revised: 07/24/2018] [Accepted: 08/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cognitive deficits represent a core feature of Bipolar Disorder. The dopamine system is considered fundamental for cognitive functions relying on prefrontal cortex, such as attention and executive functions. A genetic regulation of prefrontal dopamine has been described and the catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) has been extensively studied in relation to numerous psychiatric phenotypes, especially because of the involvement of its polymorphisms in the regulation of cognitive functions. Specifically, the Val158Met polymorphism greatly alters COMT function and cognitive performance in both psychiatric disorders and healthy controls. However, only few studies assessed the association between COMT polymorphisms and cognitive functions in bipolar disorder (BD) subjects and this association might help in the comprehension of cognitive alterations in BD. METHODS In this context, the present review summarizes results from genetic studies that investigated COMT genetic modulation on cognitive performance in patients affected by BD. RESULTS Overall the results confirmed that (a) COMT Val158Met polymorphism is associated with altered cognitive functions in BD patients, especially in the domains of memory, executive functions and emotion detection; and (b) COMT genotype may interact with both mood episodes and pharmacologic treatments in determining the cognitive profile of these subjects. LIMITATIONS Few genetic studies exploring COMT genetic effect on cognition in BD. CONCLUSIONS These findings seem to indicate a role of COMT polymorphisms in regulating cognitive functioning in patients with BD. The genetically determined dopaminergic tone may be further affected by mood episodes and pharmacological treatments.
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Alfimova MV, Kondratiev NV, Golimbet VE. [Results and promises of genetics of cognitive impairment in schizophrenia: molecular-genetic approaches]. Zh Nevrol Psikhiatr Im S S Korsakova 2018. [PMID: 28635752 DOI: 10.17116/jnevro2016116111137-144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
This review highlights the basic paradigms and directions of molecular genetic studies of cognitive deficits in schizophrenia. Along with the traditional approach based on functional candidate genes, it covers genome-wide association studies (GWAS) for cognition in general population and schizophrenic patients, attempts to integrate GWAS results in polygenic profiles that can be used in personalized care of schizophrenic patients, and a search for biological pathways implicated in the development of cognitive impairments with bioinformatics methods. However, despite significant advances in understanding the genetic basis of the disease and a rapidly growing amount of data on genes associated with cognitive functions, most of the variability of cognitive impairments in patients remains unexplained. The data on the functional complexity of the genome accumulated in the fields of molecular biology and genetics underscore the importance of studying epigenetic mechanisms of cognitive deficits in schizophrenia.
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Samanaite R, Gillespie A, Sendt KV, McQueen G, MacCabe JH, Egerton A. Biological Predictors of Clozapine Response: A Systematic Review. Front Psychiatry 2018; 9:327. [PMID: 30093869 PMCID: PMC6070624 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2018.00327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2018] [Accepted: 06/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Clozapine is the recommended antipsychotic for treatment-resistant schizophrenia (TRS) but there is significant variability between patients in the degree to which clozapine will improve symptoms. The biological basis of this variability is unknown. Although clozapine has efficacy in TRS, it can elicit adverse effects and initiation is often delayed. Identification of predictive biomarkers of clozapine response may aid initiation of clozapine treatment, as well as understanding of its mechanism of action. In this article we systematically review prospective or genetic studies of biological predictors of response to clozapine. Methods: We searched the PubMed database until 20th January 2018 for studies investigating "clozapine" AND ("response" OR "outcome") AND "schizophrenia." Inclusion required that studies examined a biological variable in relation to symptomatic response to clozapine. For all studies except genetic-studies, inclusion required that biological variables were measured before clozapine initiation. Results: Ninety-eight studies met the eligibility criteria and were included in the review, including neuroimaging, blood-based, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)-based, and genetic predictors. The majority (70) are genetic studies, collectively investigating 379 different gene variants, however only three genetic variants (DRD3 Ser9Gly, HTR2A His452Tyr, and C825T GNB3) have independently replicated significant findings. Of the non-genetic variables, the most consistent predictors of a good response to clozapine are higher prefrontal cortical structural integrity and activity, and a lower ratio of the dopamine and serotonin metabolites, homovanillic acid (HVA): 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) in CSF. Conclusions: Recommendations include that future studies should ensure adequate clozapine trial length and clozapine plasma concentrations, and may include multivariate models to increase predictive accuracy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruta Samanaite
- Psychosis Studies Department, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Amy Gillespie
- Psychosis Studies Department, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Kyra-Verena Sendt
- Psychosis Studies Department, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Grant McQueen
- Psychosis Studies Department, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - James H. MacCabe
- Psychosis Studies Department, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Alice Egerton
- Psychosis Studies Department, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
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Penadés R, López-Vílchez I, Catalán R, Arias B, González-Rodríguez A, García-Rizo C, Masana G, Ruíz V, Mezquida G, Bernardo M. BDNF as a marker of response to cognitive remediation in patients with schizophrenia: A randomized and controlled trial. Schizophr Res 2018; 197:458-464. [PMID: 29274733 DOI: 10.1016/j.schres.2017.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2017] [Revised: 12/01/2017] [Accepted: 12/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is considered to be a putative biomarker for cognitive recovery in schizophrenia. However, current evidence is still scarce for pharmacological treatments, and the use of BDNF as a biomarker has only been tested once with cognitive remediation treatment (CRT). METHODS A randomized and controlled trial (NCT02341131) with 70 schizophrenia outpatients and 15 healthy volunteers was conducted. The participants with schizophrenia were randomly assigned to either CRT or the control group. All the participants were assessed in terms of cognition, quality of life, and their serum BDNF levels at both baseline and after the intervention. Additionally, comparisons of the effects of the different genotypes of the Val66Met polymorphism at the BDNF gene on the outcome variables were also performed. RESULTS The patients in the CRT group presented with improvements in both cognition and quality of life. However, no significant changes were detected in the serum levels of BDNF. Interestingly, we found a significant positive interaction effect between the serum BDNF levels and the different BDNF genotypes. The Val/Val group showed significantly higher serum levels after the CRT treatment. However, the interaction among the serum BDNF levels, the BDNF genotypes and the treatment condition was not statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS The replication of the previous finding of increased serum BDNF levels after cognitive remediation in clinically stable individuals with schizophrenia was not achieved. However, our data indicated that genetic variability may be mediating serum BDNF activity in the context of CRT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Penadés
- Department of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychobiology, University of Barcelona, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain; Barcelona Clinic Schizophrenia Unit (BCSU), Institut Clínic de Neurociències (ICN), Hospital Clinic, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Irene López-Vílchez
- Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain; Department of Hemotherapy and Hemostasis, Centre for Biomedical Diagnosis (CDB), Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rosa Catalán
- Department of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychobiology, University of Barcelona, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain; Barcelona Clinic Schizophrenia Unit (BCSU), Institut Clínic de Neurociències (ICN), Hospital Clinic, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Bárbara Arias
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain; Department of Anthropology, Faculty of Biology and Biomedicine Institute, University of Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alexandre González-Rodríguez
- Barcelona Clinic Schizophrenia Unit (BCSU), Institut Clínic de Neurociències (ICN), Hospital Clinic, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Clemente García-Rizo
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain; Barcelona Clinic Schizophrenia Unit (BCSU), Institut Clínic de Neurociències (ICN), Hospital Clinic, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Guillem Masana
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain; Barcelona Clinic Schizophrenia Unit (BCSU), Institut Clínic de Neurociències (ICN), Hospital Clinic, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Victoria Ruíz
- Barcelona Clinic Schizophrenia Unit (BCSU), Institut Clínic de Neurociències (ICN), Hospital Clinic, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Gisela Mezquida
- Barcelona Clinic Schizophrenia Unit (BCSU), Institut Clínic de Neurociències (ICN), Hospital Clinic, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Miquel Bernardo
- Department of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychobiology, University of Barcelona, Spain; Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain; Barcelona Clinic Schizophrenia Unit (BCSU), Institut Clínic de Neurociències (ICN), Hospital Clinic, Barcelona, Spain
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Misiak B, Stramecki F, Gawęda Ł, Prochwicz K, Sąsiadek MM, Moustafa AA, Frydecka D. Interactions Between Variation in Candidate Genes and Environmental Factors in the Etiology of Schizophrenia and Bipolar Disorder: a Systematic Review. Mol Neurobiol 2018; 55:5075-5100. [PMID: 28822116 PMCID: PMC5948257 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-017-0708-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2016] [Accepted: 08/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Schizophrenia and bipolar disorder (BD) are complex and multidimensional disorders with high heritability rates. The contribution of genetic factors to the etiology of these disorders is increasingly being recognized as the action of multiple risk variants with small effect sizes, which might explain only a minor part of susceptibility. On the other site, numerous environmental factors have been found to play an important role in their causality. Therefore, in recent years, several studies focused on gene × environment interactions that are believed to bridge the gap between genetic underpinnings and environmental insults. In this article, we performed a systematic review of studies investigating gene × environment interactions in BD and schizophrenia spectrum phenotypes. In the majority of studies from this field, interacting effects of variation in genes encoding catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), and FK506-binding protein 5 (FKBP5) have been explored. Almost consistently, these studies revealed that polymorphisms in COMT, BDNF, and FKBP5 genes might interact with early life stress and cannabis abuse or dependence, influencing various outcomes of schizophrenia spectrum disorders and BD. Other interactions still require further replication in larger clinical and non-clinical samples. In addition, future studies should address the direction of causality and potential mechanisms of the relationship between gene × environment interactions and various categories of outcomes in schizophrenia and BD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Błażej Misiak
- Department of Genetics, Wroclaw Medical University, 1 Marcinkowski Street, 50-368, Wroclaw, Poland.
| | - Filip Stramecki
- Department of Psychiatry, Wroclaw Medical University, 10 Pasteur Street, 50-367, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Łukasz Gawęda
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
- II Department of Psychiatry, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Maria M Sąsiadek
- Department of Genetics, Wroclaw Medical University, 1 Marcinkowski Street, 50-368, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Ahmed A Moustafa
- School of Social Sciences and Psychology, Marcs Institute of Brain and Behaviour, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW, Australia
| | - Dorota Frydecka
- Department of Psychiatry, Wroclaw Medical University, 10 Pasteur Street, 50-367, Wroclaw, Poland
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Zai G, Robbins TW, Sahakian BJ, Kennedy JL. A review of molecular genetic studies of neurocognitive deficits in schizophrenia. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2017; 72:50-67. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2016.10.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2015] [Revised: 10/17/2016] [Accepted: 10/27/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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Zhong J, Chen X, Wu N, Shen C, Cui H, Du W, Zhang Z, Feng M, Liu J, Lin S, Zhang L, Wang J, Chen X, Duan S. Catechol-O-methyltransferase promoter hypomethylation is associated with the risk of coronary heart disease. Exp Ther Med 2016; 12:3445-3449. [PMID: 27882177 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2016.3757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2015] [Accepted: 05/24/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) gene variation is known to be associated with the risk of acute coronary events. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the contribution of COMT promoter methylation towards the risk of coronary heart disease (CHD). COMT methylation was evaluated in 48 CHD cases and 48 well-matched non-CHD controls using bisulfite pyrosequencing technology. The results demonstrated that CHD cases had a significantly lower level of methylation at COMT CpG3 sites compared with the controls (33.77±5.71 vs. 36.42±5.00%; P=0.018). Further analysis, according to gender, showed that CpG3 methylation was associated with CHD in males (P=0.038) but not in females (P=0.253), suggesting that there is a gender disparity in the association between COMT methylation and CHD. In conclusion, it was determined that COMT CpG3 hypomethylation is associated with an increased risk of CHD in males.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinyan Zhong
- Department of Cardiology, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315010, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoying Chen
- Medical Genetics Center, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, P.R. China
| | - Nan Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315010, P.R. China
| | - Caijie Shen
- Department of Cardiology, Ningbo Seventh Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315202, P.R. China
| | - Hanbin Cui
- Department of Cardiology, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315010, P.R. China
| | - Weiping Du
- Department of Cardiology, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315010, P.R. China
| | - Zhaoxia Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315010, P.R. China
| | - Mingjun Feng
- Department of Cardiology, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315010, P.R. China
| | - Junsong Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315010, P.R. China
| | - Shaoyi Lin
- Department of Cardiology, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315010, P.R. China
| | - Lulu Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315010, P.R. China
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315010, P.R. China
| | - Xiaomin Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315010, P.R. China
| | - Shiwei Duan
- Medical Genetics Center, School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, P.R. China
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Zahavi AY, Sabbagh MA, Washburn D, Mazurka R, Bagby RM, Strauss J, Kennedy JL, Ravindran A, Harkness KL. Serotonin and Dopamine Gene Variation and Theory of Mind Decoding Accuracy in Major Depression: A Preliminary Investigation. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0150872. [PMID: 26974654 PMCID: PMC4790964 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0150872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2015] [Accepted: 02/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Theory of mind–the ability to decode and reason about others’ mental states–is a universal human skill and forms the basis of social cognition. Theory of mind accuracy is impaired in clinical conditions evidencing social impairment, including major depressive disorder. The current study is a preliminary investigation of the association of polymorphisms of the serotonin transporter (SLC6A4), dopamine transporter (DAT1), dopamine receptor D4 (DRD4), and catechol-O-methyl transferase (COMT) genes with theory of mind decoding in a sample of adults with major depression. Ninety-six young adults (38 depressed, 58 non-depressed) completed the ‘Reading the Mind in the Eyes task’ and a non-mentalistic control task. Genetic associations were only found for the depressed group. Specifically, superior accuracy in decoding mental states of a positive valence was seen in those homozygous for the long allele of the serotonin transporter gene, 9-allele carriers of DAT1, and long-allele carriers of DRD4. In contrast, superior accuracy in decoding mental states of a negative valence was seen in short-allele carriers of the serotonin transporter gene and 10/10 homozygotes of DAT1. Results are discussed in terms of their implications for integrating social cognitive and neurobiological models of etiology in major depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arielle Y. Zahavi
- Department of Psychology, Queen’s University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mark A. Sabbagh
- Department of Psychology, Queen’s University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Dustin Washburn
- Department of Psychology, Queen’s University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Raegan Mazurka
- Department of Psychology, Queen’s University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - R. Michael Bagby
- Department of Psychology, University of Toronto Scarborough, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - John Strauss
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - James L. Kennedy
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Arun Ravindran
- Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Kate L. Harkness
- Department of Psychology, Queen’s University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
- * E-mail:
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