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Habib I, Elbediwi M, Mohamed MYI, Ghazawi A, Abdalla A, Khalifa HO, Khan M. Enumeration, antimicrobial resistance and genomic characterization of extended-spectrum β-lactamases producing Escherichia coli from supermarket chicken meat in the United Arab Emirates. Int J Food Microbiol 2023; 398:110224. [PMID: 37167788 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2023.110224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
The occurrence and counts of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli in retail chicken sold in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) were investigated in this study. Results indicated that 79.68 % of chicken carcasses (251/315) sampled from UAE supermarkets harbored ESBL-producing E. coli. About half (51.75 % [163/315]) of the tested samples had an ESBL-producing E. coli count range between ≥3 log10 and < 5 log10 CFU/g. The antimicrobial resistance profiles of a subset of 100 isolates showed high rates of non-susceptibility to clinically significant antibiotics, particularly ciprofloxacin (80 %) and cefepime (46 %). Moreover, 7 % of the isolates exhibited resistance to colistin, with PCR-based screening revealing the presence of the mcr-1 gene in all colistin-resistant isolates. Multiplex PCR screening identified blaCTX-M and blaTEM genes as the most frequently presented genes among the phenotypically confirmed ESBL-producing E. coli. Further whole-genome sequencing and bioinformatic analysis of 27 ESBL-producing E. coli isolates showed that the gene family blaCTX group 1 was the most prevalent, notably CTX-M-55 (55.55 % [15/27]), followed by CTX-M-15 (22.22 % [6/27]). The most common sequence types (STs) were ST359 and ST1011, with three evident clusters identified based on phylogenomic analysis, aligned with isolates from specific production companies. Analysis of plasmid incompatibility types revealed IncFIB, IncFII, Incl2, and IncX1 as the most commonly featured plasmids. The findings of this study indicate a noticeable prevalence and high counts of ESBL-producing E. coli in chicken sampled from supermarkets in the UAE. The high rates of antimicrobial resistance to clinically important antibiotics highlight the potential public health risk associated with consuming chicken contaminated with ESBL-producing E. coli. Overall, this study emphasizes the importance of continued antimicrobial resistance monitoring in the UAE food chain and calls for further exposure risk assessment of the consumption of ESBL-producing E. coli via chicken meat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ihab Habib
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, P.O. Box 1555, United Arab Emirates; Department of Environmental Health, High Institute of Public Health, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt; ASPIRE Research Institute for Food Security in the Drylands (ARIFSID), United Arab Emirates University, P.O. Box 15551, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Mohammed Elbediwi
- Evolutionary Biology, Institute for Biology, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Animal Health Research Institute, Agriculture Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed-Yousif Ibrahim Mohamed
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, P.O. Box 1555, United Arab Emirates
| | - Akela Ghazawi
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, P.O. Box 1555, United Arab Emirates
| | - Afra Abdalla
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, P.O. Box 1555, United Arab Emirates
| | - Hazim O Khalifa
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, P.O. Box 1555, United Arab Emirates; Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Egypt
| | - Mushtaq Khan
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, P.O. Box 1555, United Arab Emirates; Zayed Center for Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, P.O. Box 15551, United Arab Emirates
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Sabry MA, Abdel-Moein KA, Abdel-Kader F, Hamza E. Extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Salmonella serovars among healthy and diseased chickens and their public health implication. J Glob Antimicrob Resist 2020; 22:742-748. [PMID: 32623001 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgar.2020.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Revised: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study investigated the occurrence of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Salmonella and the associated virulence genes among farmed chickens. METHODS Cloacal swab samples were collected from apparently healthy and diseased chickens and were cultured for Salmonella using conventional methods. The isolates were serotyped using slide agglutination tests and were examined by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for the virulence genes invA, stn, svpC and pefA and the outer membrane protein-encoding genes ompA and ompF. Screening for ESBL resistance was performed using the disk-diffusion test, the combinational-disk test with clavulanic acid, and multiplex PCR for blaTEM, blaSHV, blaCTX-M and blaOXA. The presence of the AmpC blaCMy-2 was tested among the ESBL-negative isolates by uniplex PCR. The resistant isolates were partially sequenced based on the stn gene. RESULTS The Salmonella isolation rate was 3.4% (6/175) from healthy and 11.1% (14/126) from diseased chickens. The 20 isolates belong to serotypes with public health significance like Typhimurium, Kentucky and Infantis. All the isolates possess invA, stn, svpC and ompF genes; 16 isolates harboured ompA, and one carried pefA. Of the 20 isolates, 19 were resistant to more than one antibiotic. Of these 19 isolates, 16 were ESBL-producing with the majority carrying blaTEM and blaSHV genes. The four ESBL-negative isolates carried blaCMY-2. Partial-stn-sequencing of the isolates revealed a high genetic relatedness to Salmonella strains from patients in Egypt and Asia. CONCLUSIONS Virulent ESBL-producing Salmonella was isolated from healthy and diseased chickens; the strains have a close relationship to human strains, posing a public health threat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maha A Sabry
- Department of Zoonoses, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Khaled A Abdel-Moein
- Department of Zoonoses, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Fatma Abdel-Kader
- Department of Zoonoses, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Eman Hamza
- Department of Zoonoses, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.
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Eid S, Samir AH. Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase and Class 1 integrons in multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli isolated from turkeys. Vet World 2019; 12:1167-1174. [PMID: 31528049 PMCID: PMC6702565 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2019.1167-1174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2019] [Accepted: 06/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim: This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and implication of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) producing and Class 1 integrons (int1) gene carriers Escherichia coli isolates that demonstrated multidrug resistance (MDR) phenotypes and was isolated from turkeys that suffered from respiratory manifestations. Materials and Methods: A total of 120 freshly dead turkey poults that suffered from respiratory manifestations, with a history of treatment failure at Hefna, Belbis, Sharqia (Egypt) were sampled. From each bird lung and liver were aseptically collected and transported for laboratory investigations. Results: Examination of samples collected from 120 freshly dead turkey poults revealed the isolation of coagulase-positive staphylococci, coagulase-negative staphylococci, Campylobacter spp., Salmonella spp., Proteus spp., Pseudomonas spp., Klebsiella spp., and E. coli with the prevalence rates of 12/120 (10%), 30/120 (35%), 17/120 (14.2%), 5/120 (4.1%), 17/120 (14.2%), 6/120 (5%), 7/120 (5.8%), and 18/120 (15%), respectively. E. coli isolates were subjected for serotyping and characterization, while the rest of isolates were preserved to be investigated later in further studies. Serogrouping of E. coli isolates revealed the identification of O119, O6, O8, and O169, while 1/18 of isolates was untypable. Studying phenotypic antibiotic susceptibility profiles of isolates revealed that 18/18 (100%) of isolates demonstrated resistance against cefuroxime, tetracycline, and trimethoprim, 16/18 (88.9%) of isolates demonstrated resistance to amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, enrofloxacin, and norfloxacin, 14/18 (77.8%) of isolates demonstrated resistance to doxycycline and ciprofloxacin, and 9/18 (50%) of isolates showed resistance to gentamycin. Double disk synergy test showed that 6/18 (33.3%), 8/18 (44.4%), and 13/18 (72.2%) of isolates demonstrated the phenotypic pattern of ESBL producers with cefepime, cefotaxime, and ceftriaxone, respectively. Genotypic attributes for beta-lactamase TEM gene and int1 gene were studied by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction and revealed that 17/18 (94.4%) of isolates were positive for both genes. Embryo lethality test indicated that the 18 studied E. coli isolates were considered primary pathogens. Conclusion: The results revealed that 18/18 (100%) of E. coli isolates demonstrated MDR against three or more antibiotic groups, 9/18 (50%) of isolates showed extensive resistance against the nine tested chemotherapeutic agents from seven antibiotic groups. It is recommended to monitor the circulation of MDR and ESBL-producing pathogens in poultry production in a one health approach, as a preventive measure to mitigate the risk imposed on public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samah Eid
- Department of Bacteriology, Reference Laboratory for Veterinary Quality Control on Poultry Production, Animal Health Research Institute, P.O. Box 264, Dokki, Giza 12618, Egypt
| | - Abdel Hafeez Samir
- Department of Biotechnology, Reference Laboratory for Veterinary Quality Control on Poultry Production, Animal Health Research Institute, P.O. Box 264, Dokki, Giza 12618, Egypt
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Friedman ND, Levit D, Taleb E, Marcus G, Michaeli L, Broide M, Mengesha B, Zaidenstein R, Lazarovitch T, Dadon M, Kaye KS, Marchaim D. Towards a Definition for Health Care-Associated Infection. Open Forum Infect Dis 2018; 5:ofy116. [PMID: 29942821 PMCID: PMC6007215 DOI: 10.1093/ofid/ofy116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2018] [Accepted: 05/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Health care-associated infection (HcAI) is a term frequently used to describe community-onset infections likely to be caused by multidrug-resistant organisms (MDROs). The most frequently used definition was developed at Duke University Medical Center in 2002 (Duke-2002). Although some professional societies have based management recommendations on Duke-2002 (or modifications thereof), neither Duke-2002 nor other variations have had their performance measured. METHODS A case-control study was conducted at Assaf Harofeh Medical Center (AHMC) of consecutive adult bloodstream infections (BSIs). A multivariable model was used to develop a prediction score for HcAI, measured by the presence of MDRO infection on admission. The performances of this new score and previously developed definitions at predicting MDRO infection on admission were measured. RESULTS Of the 504 BSI patients enrolled, 315 had a BSI on admission and 189 had a nosocomial BSI. Patients with MDRO-BSI on admission (n = 100) resembled patients with nosocomial infections (n = 189) in terms of epidemiological characteristics, illness acuity, and outcomes more than patients with non-MDRO-BSI on admission (n = 215). The performances of both the newly developed score and the Duke-2002 definition to predict MDRO infection on admission were suboptimal (area under the receiver operating characteric curve, 0.76 and 0.68, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Although the term HcAI is frequently used, its definition does not perform well at predicting MDRO infection present on admission to the hospital. A validated score that calculates the risk of MDRO infection on admission is still needed to guide daily practice and improve patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Deborah Friedman
- Departments of Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Barwon Health, Geelong, VIC, Australia
| | - Dana Levit
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Assaf Harofeh Medical Center, Zerifin, Israel
| | - Eyal Taleb
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Assaf Harofeh Medical Center, Zerifin, Israel
| | - Gil Marcus
- Department of Internal Medicine A, Assaf Harofeh Medical Center, Zerifin, Israel
| | - Leah Michaeli
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Assaf Harofeh Medical Center, Zerifin, Israel
| | - Mor Broide
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Assaf Harofeh Medical Center, Zerifin, Israel
| | - Bethlehem Mengesha
- Department of Internal Medicine A, Assaf Harofeh Medical Center, Zerifin, Israel
| | - Ronit Zaidenstein
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Assaf Harofeh Medical Center, Zerifin, Israel
- Department of Internal Medicine A, Assaf Harofeh Medical Center, Zerifin, Israel
- Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Tsilia Lazarovitch
- Department of Clinical Microbiology Laboratory, Assaf Harofeh Medical Center, Zerifin, Israel
| | - Mor Dadon
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Assaf Harofeh Medical Center, Zerifin, Israel
| | - Keith S Kaye
- Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Dror Marchaim
- Unit of Infectious Diseases, Assaf Harofeh Medical Center, Zerifin, Israel
- Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
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Tal Jasper R, Coyle JR, Katz DE, Marchaim D. The complex epidemiology of extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae. Future Microbiol 2015; 10:819-39. [DOI: 10.2217/fmb.15.16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Antimicrobial resistance is a growing worldwide iatrogenic complication of modern medical care. Extended-spectrum β-lactamases have emerged as one of the most successful resistance mechanisms, limiting our therapeutic options to treat various human infections. The dissemination of these enzymes to the community probably signifies an irreversible step. This paper will review the evolution of human infections associated with extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing organisms in the past 20 years, and will present and discuss the current challenges, controversies, debates and knowledge gaps in this research field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruthy Tal Jasper
- Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Joseph R Coyle
- Division of Communicable Diseases, Bureau of Disease Control, Prevention & Epidemiology, Michigan Department of Community Health, 201 Townsend St, Lansing, MI, USA, 48909
| | - David E Katz
- Department of Internal Medicine D, Shaare Zedek Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Dror Marchaim
- Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Assaf Harofeh Medical Center, Zerifin, Israel
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Do Human Extraintestinal Escherichia coli Infections Resistant to Expanded-Spectrum Cephalosporins Originate From Food-Producing Animals? A Systematic Review. Clin Infect Dis 2014; 60:439-52. [DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciu785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 166] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
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Olsen RH, Bisgaard M, Löhren U, Robineau B, Christensen H. Extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli isolated from poultry: a review of current problems, illustrated with some laboratory findings. Avian Pathol 2014; 43:199-208. [PMID: 24666286 DOI: 10.1080/03079457.2014.907866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli has been documented in humans as well as in food-producing birds, including chickens, and for unknown reasons the prevalence has increased significantly during the last decade. With E. coli as a major opportunistic pathogen in chickens and with a potential for zoonotic transfer to human beings, ESBL-producing E. coli represents a major risk both to poultry production and to human health. This review presents some of the current problems with ESBL-producing E. coli in relation to poultry production, with a focus on chickens. To illustrate issues in relation to screening and typing, two case studies are included where one collection of ESBL-producing E. coli isolates was obtained from asymptomatic carrier chickens while the other was obtained from lesions in chickens. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis and multi-locus sequence typing revealed a highly heterogeneous population of ESBL-producing E. coli. All isolates harboured between one and three large plasmids (>100 kb). Among isolates associated with asymptomatic chickens, the ESBL types SHV and TEM dominated, while CTX-M-1 dominated in disease-associated isolates. The isolates from diseased birds were occasionally of sequence types often associated with human infections, such as ST131. With improved tools to trace and screen for ESBL-producing E. coli at farm level, strategies can be selected that aim to reduce or eliminate the presence of ESBL-producing E. coli in poultry and poultry products meant for human consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rikke H Olsen
- a Department of Veterinary Disease Biology, Faculty Health and Medicine , University of Copenhagen , Frederiksberg C , Denmark
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Hordijk J, Schoormans A, Kwakernaak M, Duim B, Broens E, Dierikx C, Mevius D, Wagenaar JA. High prevalence of fecal carriage of extended spectrum β-lactamase/AmpC-producing Enterobacteriaceae in cats and dogs. Front Microbiol 2013; 4:242. [PMID: 23966992 PMCID: PMC3745002 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2013.00242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 109] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2013] [Accepted: 08/01/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Extended-spectrum-β-lactamase (ESBL)/AmpC producing Enterobacteriaceae have been reported worldwide amongst isolates obtained from humans, food-producing animals, companion animals, and environmental sources. However, data on prevalence of fecal carriage of ESBL/AmpC producing Enterobacteriaceae in healthy companion animals is limited. This pilot study describes the prevalence of ESBL/AmpC encoding genes in healthy cats and dogs, and cats and dogs with diarrhea. Twenty fecal samples of each group were cultured on MacConkey agar supplemented with 1 mg/L cefotaxime and in LB-enrichment broth supplemented with 1 mg/L cefotaxime, which was subsequently inoculated on MacConkey agar supplemented with 1 mg/L cefotaxime. ESBL/AmpC genes were identified using the Check-Points CT103 micro array kit and subsequently by sequencing analysis. Chromosomal ampC promoter mutations were detected by PCR and sequencing analysis. From the healthy and diarrheic dogs, respectively 45 and 55% were positive for Escherichia coli with reduced susceptibility for cefotaxime. From the healthy and diarrheic cats, the estimated prevalence was respectively 0 and 25%. One diarrheic cat was positive for both reduced susceptible E.coli and Proteus mirabilis. The ESBL/AmpC genes found in this study were mainly blaCTX-M-1, but also blaCTX-M-14, blaCTX-M-15, blaTEM-52-StPaul, blaSHV-12, and blaCMY-2 were detected. This pilot study showed that the prevalence of ESBL/AmpC producing Enterobacteriaceae in healthy and diarrheic dogs, and diarrheic cats was relatively high. Furthermore, the genes found were similar to those found in isolates of both human and food-producing animal origin. However, since the size of this study was relatively small, extrapolation of the data to the general population of cats and dogs should be done with great care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joost Hordijk
- Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University Utrecht, Netherlands
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