Effect of sodium fluoride varnish, Gluma, and Er,Cr:YSGG laser in dentin hypersensitivity treatment: a 6-month clinical trial

Effects of Propolis-Based Herbal Toothpaste on Dentine Hypersensitivity

INTRODUCTION

The objective of this in vitro study was to compare the effectiveness of a propolis-based herbal toothpaste with 5% sodium fluoride varnishin obstructing human dentinal tubules; Scanning electron microscopy was utilised to obtain quantitative and qulitative data on tubular obstruction.

METHODS

Thirty-nine extracted human premolar teeth were collected. The cementum layer was removed using a water-cooled diamond bur and the smear layer using ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) 17%. Then, the samples were randomly divided into 3 groups (n = 13 each), as follows: group 1: dentin discs exposed to the propolis-based herbal toothpaste (Herbex); group 2: dentin discs exposed to 5% sodium fluoride varnish; and group 3: control. Then, all discs were observed and imaged in 4 non-overlapping fields by an electron microscope at 2000× magnification. The topography and number of open, closed, and semi-closed tubules were counted in all images. The data were analysed using Kruskal-Wallis test, Mann-Whitney U test, and Friedman test. The statistical analysis was performed with SPSS statistic 22.0 software, with a significance level of α = 0.05.

RESULTS

In pairwise comparisons of the groups considering the percentage of open, closed, and semi-closed tubules, the difference was not statistically significant between the 5% sodium fluoride varnish and propolis groups in the closed and semi-closed tubules, but it was statistically significant with the control group. Additionally, the percentage of open tubules in the propolis-based herbal toothpaste group was significantly lower than in the 5% sodium fluoride varnish and control group.

CONCLUSIONS

Both propolis-based herbal toothpaste and 5% sodium fluoride varnish is effective in blocking human dentin tubules to various extents.

Evaluation of Three Methods for the Treatment of Dentin Hypersensitivity: A Randomised Clinical Trial

OBJECTIVES

In this study, we aimed to compare the effectiveness of Gluma and high-power 980-nm diode laser, alone or in combination, in the treatment of cervical dentin hypersensitivity.

METHODS

A total of 20 patients (5 men and 15 women), aged 25 to 60 years, who met the inclusion criteria, were enrolled in this study. A total of 60 teeth were randomly divided into 4 groups: G1, 980 nm diode laser (in 2 sessions within a 1-week interval); G2, Gluma (in 2 sessions within a 1-week interval); G3, 980 nm diode laser plus Gluma; and G4: control. Thermal (cold spray) and air blast (air syringe of dental unit) stimuli were used to evaluate cervical dentin hypersensitivity in the patients. Their pain response was assessed using a visual analogue scale (VAS) before treatment (baseline), in the first treatment session (15 minutes after treatment), in the second treatment session (after 1 week), and in 2-week, 1-month, and 3-month follow-up sessions. The obtained data were analysed using non-parametric tests, including Kruskal-Wallis test, Friedman test, Mann-Whitney test, and Wilcoxon test, in SPSS Version 22 at a significance level of P < .05.

RESULTS

Based on the results, there was a significant difference in the average VAS scores for cold and air blast stimuli between the 4 groups 1 month after the intervention (P < .05). Meanwhile, the laser group had the lowest VAS score for cold and air stimuli. On the contrary, no significant difference was found between the 4 groups 3 months after the intervention (P ˃ .05).

CONCLUSION

The present results showed that 980-nm diode laser alone was more effective than the other 2 intervention methods for 1 month.

TRIAL REGISTRATION

The study was registered in the Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (IRCT20120901010703N5).

Comparison of retention of cast crown luted with glass ionomer cement in presence of two different types of desensitizer agent on extracted teeth-an in vitro study

Background

Dentin hypersensitivity is common problem between procedure of vital tooth preparation and cementation procedure of final prosthesis. So, use of desensitizing agents may be helpful to minimize the errors.

Aim

To Compare retention of cast crown luted with glass ionomer cement in presence of two different types of desensitizer agent on extracted teeth.

Material

Desensitizing agents used are bioactive Glass and GLUMA, Glass Ionomer Cement has been used as luting agent. Other required items are crown cutting bur, airotor handpiece, spatula, glass Cement carrier, microtip brush, universal testing machine.

Methodology

In this study total number of 60 premolars with good coronal anatomy, which are extracted for orthodontic purposes, were collected from Department of oral and maxillofacial surgery, Institute of dental Sciences. Then they were mounted individually in die stone block. Tooth preparation for the metal prosthesis of maxillary and mandibular premolars was carried out following the standard principles of tooth preparation use milling surveyor and they are grouped randomly into Group A- Luting cement (Control group), group B- Luting cement + Kulzer Gluma Desensitizer, group C- Luting cement + Bioactive glass. After fabrication of metal coping, tooth conditioning has been carried out then cementation was done using GIC. Retention of coping was checked using universal testing machine.

Result

A comparison was made for the mean stress value within three groups. GIC + Bioactive had the highest mean stress (6.52 ± 1.81) followed by Control group (3.88 ± 2.37). GIC ± Gluma had the least mean stress of 2.59 ± 1.19.

Conclusion

Bioactive glass + GIC exhibited higher retentive value as compared to prosthesis luted only with GIC and GIC + Gluma. So clinically it can be inferred that for vital tooth preparation bioactive glass can be used as desensitizing agent for the intermediate period till the permanent crown is luted.

Evaluation of the effect of different desensitizers on pulpal blood flow after full crown preparation using laser Doppler flowmetry: a randomized clinical trial

This study aims to evaluate the effect of Teethmate, Bifluoride 12, and Copal Varnish on the treatment of dentin hypersensitivity and the pulpal blood flow using laser Doppler flowmetry (LDF) after full crown preparations. Eighteen patients with 42 teeth with dentine hypersensitivity after full crown preparations were randomly treated with Teethmate, Bifluoride 12, and Copal Varnish. Dentine hypersensitivity was measured using a visual analog scale (VAS) and Schiff air index (SAI). LDF was used to assess the pulpal blood flow and results were recorded in perfusion units (PU). All measurements were performed at baseline, 5 min, 7 days, and 1 month after the application of desensitizers. Data were statistically analyzed by Wilcoxon and two-way ANOVA tests (p < 0.05). There was no significant difference between the tested desensitizers regarding VAS and PU values. VAS values decreased significantly at 7 days and 1 month after the application of desensitizers compared to baseline in all groups. The decrease in PU values significantly differed only in the Copal Varnish group at 5 min and 7 days after the application of the desensitizer (p < 0.05). A statistically significant difference was found between different times regarding SAI scores in all groups (p < 0.05). Teethmate, Bifluoride 12, and Copal Varnish showed similar effectiveness on dentine hypersensitivity and pulpal blood flow. Long-term clinical trials with larger sample sizes and histological studies are needed to evaluate their impacts on pulpal status.