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Wooldridge AR, Carayon P, Hoonakker P, Hose BZ, Shaffer DW, Brazelton T, Eithun B, Rusy D, Ross J, Kohler J, Kelly MM, Springman S, Gurses AP. Team Cognition in Handoffs: Relating System Factors, Team Cognition Functions and Outcomes in Two Handoff Processes. HUMAN FACTORS 2024; 66:271-293. [PMID: 35658721 PMCID: PMC11022309 DOI: 10.1177/00187208221086342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study investigates how team cognition occurs in care transitions from operating room (OR) to intensive care unit (ICU). We then seek to understand how the sociotechnical system and team cognition are related. BACKGROUND Effective handoffs are critical to ensuring patient safety and have been the subject of many improvement efforts. However, the types of team-level cognitive processing during handoffs have not been explored, nor is it clear how the sociotechnical system shapes team cognition. METHOD We conducted this study in an academic, Level 1 trauma center in the Midwestern United States. Twenty-eight physicians (surgery, anesthesia, pediatric critical care) and nurses (OR, ICU) participated in semi-structured interviews. We performed qualitative content analysis and epistemic network analysis to understand the relationships between system factors, team cognition in handoffs and outcomes. RESULTS Participants described three team cognition functions in handoffs-(1) information exchange, (2) assessment, and (3) planning and decision making; information exchange was mentioned most. Work system factors influenced team cognition. Inter-professional handoffs facilitated information exchange but included large teams with diverse backgrounds communicating, which can be inefficient. Intra-professional handoffs decreased team size and role diversity, which may simplify communication but increase information loss. Participants in inter-professional handoffs reflected on outcomes significantly more in relation to system factors and team cognition (p < 0.001), while participants in intra-professional handoffs discussed handoffs as a task. CONCLUSION Handoffs include team cognition, which was influenced by work system design. Opportunities for handoff improvement include a flexibly standardized process and supportive tools/technologies. We recommend incorporating perspectives of the patient and family in future work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abigail R. Wooldridge
- Department of Industrial and Enterprise Systems Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
| | - Pascale Carayon
- Wisconsin Institute for Healthcare Systems Engineering, University of Wisconsin–Madison
- Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, University of Wisconsin – Madison
| | - Peter Hoonakker
- Wisconsin Institute for Healthcare Systems Engineering, University of Wisconsin–Madison
| | - Bat-Zion Hose
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care at the Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania
| | | | - Tom Brazelton
- University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI
| | - Ben Eithun
- University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI
| | - Deborah Rusy
- University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI
| | - Joshua Ross
- University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI
| | | | - Michelle M. Kelly
- University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI
| | - Scott Springman
- University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI
| | - Ayse P. Gurses
- Center for Health Care Human Factors, Armstrong Institute for Patient Safety and Quality, Schools of Medicine, Bloomberg School of Public Health and Whiting School of Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
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Eid J, Brattebø G, Jacobsen JK, Espevik R, Johnsen BH. Distributed team processes in healthcare services: a scoping review. Front Med (Lausanne) 2023; 10:1291877. [PMID: 38162887 PMCID: PMC10756666 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1291877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective High-quality healthcare services is delivered by teams rather than individuals and depends heavily on multidisciplinary cooperation between dispersed healthcare professionals. The aim of this scoping review is to identify common barriers and innovative applications of technology supporting team processes and patient safety, in geographically dispersed healthcare services. Methods Studies were identified from searches in APA PsychINFO, Epistemonikos and Medline databases, from 2010 to 2023. A detailed search strategy was performed, and studies were included, based on prior established criteria. Results Among the 19 studies that fulfilled our inclusion criteria, the majority (85%) were from Europe or North America, and most studies (53%) were quantitative, with a cross-sectional study design. Several reported observed distributed team processes in training and education. Most studies described barriers and detailed how innovative approaches and technological solutions were introduced to improve communication, coordination, and shared mental models in distributed healthcare settings. A small proportion of studies (16%) used health services data to examine interpersonal exchange and team processes. Conclusion The scoping review offer recommendations to enhance future research on distributed team processes in healthcare services.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jarle Eid
- Centre for Crisis Psychology, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - Guttorm Brattebø
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Norwegian National Advisory Unit on Emergency Medical Communication, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | | | - Roar Espevik
- Department of Leadership, Command and Control, Swedish Defence University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Bjørn Helge Johnsen
- Department of Leadership, Command and Control, Swedish Defence University, Stockholm, Sweden
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3
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Hose BZ, Carayon P, Hoonakker PLT, Brazelton TB, Dean SM, Eithun BL, Kelly MM, Kohler JE, Ross JC, Rusy DA. Work system barriers and facilitators of a team health information technology. APPLIED ERGONOMICS 2023; 113:104105. [PMID: 37541103 PMCID: PMC10530583 DOI: 10.1016/j.apergo.2023.104105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 07/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/06/2023]
Abstract
Designing health IT aimed at supporting team-based care and improving patient safety is difficult. This requires a work system (i.e., SEIPS) evaluation of the technology by care team members. This study aimed to identify work system barriers and facilitators to the use of a team health IT that supports care transitions for pediatric trauma patients. We conducted an analysis on 36 interviews - representing 12 roles - collected from a scenario-based evaluation of T3. We identified eight dimensions with both barriers and facilitators in all five work system elements: person (experience), task (task performance, workload/efficiency), technology (usability, specific features of T3), environment (space, location), and organization (communication/coordination). Designing technology that meets every role's needs is challenging; in particular, when trade-offs need to be managed, e.g., additional workload for one role or divergent perspectives regarding specific features. Our results confirm the usefulness of a continuous work system approach to technology design and implementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bat-Zion Hose
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care at the Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, USA.
| | - Pascale Carayon
- Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, USA; Wisconsin Institute for Health Systems Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, USA
| | - Peter L T Hoonakker
- Wisconsin Institute for Health Systems Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, USA
| | - Thomas B Brazelton
- American Family Children's Hospital, UW Health, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, USA
| | | | | | - Michelle M Kelly
- American Family Children's Hospital, UW Health, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, USA
| | | | - Joshua C Ross
- American Family Children's Hospital, UW Health, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, USA; Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, USA
| | - Deborah A Rusy
- American Family Children's Hospital, UW Health, USA; Department of Anesthesiology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, USA
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Boudreault L, Hébert-Lavoie M, Ung K, Mahmoudhi C, Vu QP, Jouvet P, Doyon-Poulin P. Situation Awareness-Oriented Dashboard in ICUs in Support of Resource Management in Time of Pandemics. IEEE JOURNAL OF TRANSLATIONAL ENGINEERING IN HEALTH AND MEDICINE 2023; 11:151-160. [PMID: 36816098 PMCID: PMC9904450 DOI: 10.1109/jtehm.2023.3241215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023]
Abstract
In a pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) of 32 beds, clinicians manage resources 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, from a large-screen dashboard implemented in 2017. This resource management dashboard efficiently replaces the handwriting information displayed on a whiteboard, offering a synthetic view of the bed's layout and specific information on staff and equipment at bedside. However, in 2020 when COVID-19 hit, the resource management dashboard showed several limitations. Mainly, its visualization offered to the clinicians limited situation awareness (SA) to perceive, understand and predict the impacts on resource management and decision-making of an unusual flow of patients affected by the most severe form of coronavirus. To identify the SA requirements during a pandemic, we conducted goal-oriented interviews with 11 clinicians working in ICUs. The result is the design of an SA-oriented dashboard with 22 key indicators (KIs): 1 on the admission capacity, 15 at bedside and 6 displayed as statistics in the central area. We conducted a usability evaluation of the SA-oriented dashboard compared to the resource management dashboard with 6 clinicians. The results showed five usability improvements of the SA-oriented dashboard and five limitations. Our work contributes to new knowledge on the clinicians' SA requirements to support resource management and decision-making in ICUs in times of pandemics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lise Boudreault
- Department of Mathematics and Industrial EngineeringPolytechnique MontréalMontrealQCH3T 1J4Canada
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-JustineMontrealQCH3T 1C5Canada
| | - Maxence Hébert-Lavoie
- Department of Mathematics and Industrial EngineeringPolytechnique MontréalMontrealQCH3T 1J4Canada
| | - Karine Ung
- Department of Mathematics and Industrial EngineeringPolytechnique MontréalMontrealQCH3T 1J4Canada
| | - Celia Mahmoudhi
- Department of Mathematics and Industrial EngineeringPolytechnique MontréalMontrealQCH3T 1J4Canada
| | - Quynh Phuong Vu
- Department of Mathematics and Industrial EngineeringPolytechnique MontréalMontrealQCH3T 1J4Canada
| | - Philippe Jouvet
- Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-JustineMontrealQCH3T 1C5Canada
| | - Philippe Doyon-Poulin
- Department of Mathematics and Industrial EngineeringPolytechnique MontréalMontrealQCH3T 1J4Canada
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Hose BZ, Carayon P, Hoonakker PLT, Ross JC, Eithun BL, Rusy DA, Kohler JE, Brazelton TB, Dean SM, Kelly MM. Managing multiple perspectives in the collaborative design process of a team health information technology. APPLIED ERGONOMICS 2023; 106:103846. [PMID: 35985249 PMCID: PMC10024924 DOI: 10.1016/j.apergo.2022.103846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2022] [Revised: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
We need to design technologies that support the work of health care teams; designing such solutions should integrate different clinical roles. However, we know little about the actual collaboration that occurs in the design process for a team-based care solution. This study examines how multiple perspectives were managed in the design of a team health IT solution aimed at supporting clinician information needs during pediatric trauma care transitions. We focused our analysis on four co-design sessions that involved multiple clinicians caring for pediatric trauma patients. We analyzed design session transcripts using content analysis and process coding guided by Détienne's (2006) co-design framework. We expanded upon Détienne (2006) three collaborative activities to identify specific themes and processes of collaboration between care team members engaged in the design process. The themes and processes describe how team members collaborated in a team health IT design process that resulted in a highly usable technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bat-Zion Hose
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care at the Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, USA.
| | - Pascale Carayon
- Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, USA; Wisconsin Institute for Health Systems Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, USA
| | - Peter L T Hoonakker
- Wisconsin Institute for Health Systems Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, USA
| | - Joshua C Ross
- American Family Children's Hospital, UW Health, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, USA
| | | | - Deborah A Rusy
- American Family Children's Hospital, UW Health, USA; Department of Anesthesiology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, USA
| | | | - Thomas B Brazelton
- American Family Children's Hospital, UW Health, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, USA
| | | | - Michelle M Kelly
- American Family Children's Hospital, UW Health, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, USA
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Mazur LM, Adapa K, Meltzer-Brody S, Karwowski W. Towards better understanding of workplace factors contributing to hospitalist burden and burnout prior to COVID-19 pandemic. APPLIED ERGONOMICS 2023; 106:103884. [PMID: 36030734 PMCID: PMC9395300 DOI: 10.1016/j.apergo.2022.103884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Revised: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hospitalists are physicians trained in internal medicine and play a critical role in delivering care in in-patient settings. They work across and interact with a variety of sub-systems of the hospital, collaborate with various specialties, and spend their time exclusively in hospitals. Research shows that hospitalists report burnout rates above the national average for physicians and thus, it is important to understand the key factors contributing to hospitalists' burnout and identify key priorities for improving hospitalists' workplace. METHODS Hospitalists at an academic medical center and a community hospital were recruited to complete a survey that included demographics, rating the extent to which socio-technical (S-T) factors contributed to burnout, and 22-item Maslach Burnout Inventory - Human Services Survey (MBI-HSS). Twelve contextual inquiries (CIs) involving shadowing hospitalists for ∼60 h were conducted varied by shift type, length of tenure, age, sex, and location. Using data from the survey and CIs, an affinity diagram was developed and presented during focus groups to 12 hospitalists to validate the model and prioritize improvement efforts. RESULTS The overall survey participation rate was 68%. 76% of hospitalists reported elevated levels on at least one sub-component within the MBI. During CIs, key breakdowns were reported in relationships, communication, coordination of care, work processes in electronic healthcare records (EHR), and physical space. Using data from CIs, an affinity diagram was developed. Hospitalists voted the following as key priorities for targeted improvement: improve relationships with other care team members, improve communication systems and prevent interruptions and disruptions, facilitate coordination of care, improve workflows in EHR, and improve physical space. CONCLUSIONS This mixed-method study utilizes participatory and data-driven approaches to provide evidence-based prioritization of key factors contributing to hospitalists' burnout. Healthcare systems may utilize this approach to identify workplace factors contributing to provider burnout and consider targeting the factors identified by providers to best optimize scarce resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukasz M Mazur
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
| | - Karthik Adapa
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | | | - Waldemar Karwowski
- Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL, USA
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7
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Hannum SM, Oladapo-Shittu O, Salinas AB, Weems K, Marsteller J, Gurses AP, Cosgrove SE, Keller SC. A task analysis of central line-associated bloodstream infection (CLABSI) surveillance in home infusion therapy. Am J Infect Control 2022; 50:555-562. [PMID: 35341660 PMCID: PMC10184038 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajic.2022.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Revised: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Barriers for home infusion therapy central line associated bloodstream infection (CLABSI) surveillance have not been elucidated and are needed to identify how to support home infusion CLABSI surveillance. We aimed to (1) perform a goal-directed task analysis of home infusion CLABSI surveillance, and (2) describe barriers to, facilitators for, and suggested strategies for successful home infusion CLABSI surveillance. METHODS We conducted semi-structured interviews with team members involved in CLABSI surveillance at 5 large home infusion agencies to explore work systems used by members of the agency for home infusion CLABSI surveillance. We analyzed the transcribed interviews qualitatively for themes. RESULTS Twenty-one interviews revealed 8 steps for performing CLABSI surveillance in home infusion therapy. Major barriers identified included the need for training of the surveillance staff, lack of a standardized definition, inadequate information technology support, struggles communicating with hospitals, inadequate time, and insufficient clinician engagement and leadership support. DISCUSSION Staff performing home infusion CLABSI surveillance need health system resources, particularly leadership and front-line engagement, access to data, information technology support, training, dedicated time, and reports to perform tasks. CONCLUSIONS Building home infusion CLABSI surveillance programs will require support from home infusion leadership.
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8
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Carayon P, Hose BZ, Wooldridge A, Brazelton TB, Dean SM, Eithun BL, Kelly MM, Kohler JE, Ross J, Rusy DA, Hoonakker PLT. Human-centered design of team health IT for pediatric trauma care transitions. Int J Med Inform 2022; 162:104727. [PMID: 35305517 PMCID: PMC9437147 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijmedinf.2022.104727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND As problems of acceptance, usability and workflow integration continue to emerge with health information technologies (IT), it is critical to incorporate human factors and ergonomics (HFE) methods and design principles. Human-centered design (HCD) provides an approach to integrate HFE and produce usable technologies. However, HCD has been rarely used for designing team health IT, even though team-based care is expanding. OBJECTIVE To describe the HCD process used to develop a usable team health IT (T3 or Teamwork Transition Technology) that provides cognitive support to pediatric trauma care teams during transitions from the emergency department to the operating room and the pediatric intensive care unit. METHODS The HCD process included seven steps in three phases of analysis, design activities and feedback. RESULTS The HCD process involved multiple perspectives and clinical roles that were engaged in inter-related activities, leading to design requirements, i.e., goals for the technology, a set of 47 information elements, and a list of HFE design principles applied to T3. Results of the evaluation showed a high usability score for T3. CONCLUSIONS HFE can be integrated in the HCD process through a range of methods and design principles. That design process can produce a usable technology that provides cognitive support to a large diverse team involved in pediatric trauma care transitions. Future research should continue to focus on HFE-based design of team health IT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pascale Carayon
- Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, United States; Wisconsin Institute for Healthcare Systems Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, United States.
| | - Bat-Zion Hose
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care at the Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, United States
| | - Abigail Wooldridge
- Department of Industrial and Enterprise Systems Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, United States
| | - Thomas B Brazelton
- American Family Children's Hospital, UW Health, United States; Department of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, United States
| | - Shannon M Dean
- Department of Pediatric Medicine, St Jude's Hospital, United States
| | - Ben L Eithun
- American Family Children's Hospital, UW Health, United States
| | - Michelle M Kelly
- American Family Children's Hospital, UW Health, United States; Department of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, United States
| | | | - Joshua Ross
- American Family Children's Hospital, UW Health, United States; Department of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, United States; Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, United States
| | - Deborah A Rusy
- American Family Children's Hospital, UW Health, United States; Department of Anesthesiology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, United States
| | - Peter L T Hoonakker
- Wisconsin Institute for Healthcare Systems Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, United States
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9
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Durojaiye A, Fackler J, McGeorge N, Webster K, Kharrazi H, Gurses A. Examining Diurnal Differences in Multidisciplinary Care Teams at a Pediatric Trauma Center Using Electronic Health Record Data: Social Network Analysis. J Med Internet Res 2022; 24:e30351. [PMID: 35119372 PMCID: PMC8857698 DOI: 10.2196/30351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2021] [Revised: 10/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The care of pediatric trauma patients is delivered by multidisciplinary care teams with high fluidity that may vary in composition and organization depending on the time of day. OBJECTIVE This study aims to identify and describe diurnal variations in multidisciplinary care teams taking care of pediatric trauma patients using social network analysis on electronic health record (EHR) data. METHODS Metadata of clinical activities were extracted from the EHR and processed into an event log, which was divided into 6 different event logs based on shift (day or night) and location (emergency department, pediatric intensive care unit, and floor). Social networks were constructed from each event log by creating an edge among the functional roles captured within a similar time interval during a shift. Overlapping communities were identified from the social networks. Day and night network structures for each care location were compared and validated via comparison with secondary analysis of qualitatively derived care team data, obtained through semistructured interviews; and member-checking interviews with clinicians. RESULTS There were 413 encounters in the 1-year study period, with 65.9% (272/413) and 34.1% (141/413) beginning during day and night shifts, respectively. A single community was identified at all locations during the day and in the pediatric intensive care unit at night, whereas multiple communities corresponding to individual specialty services were identified in the emergency department and on the floor at night. Members of the trauma service belonged to all communities, suggesting that they were responsible for care coordination. Health care professionals found the networks to be largely accurate representations of the composition of the care teams and the interactions among them. CONCLUSIONS Social network analysis was successfully used on EHR data to identify and describe diurnal differences in the composition and organization of multidisciplinary care teams at a pediatric trauma center.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashimiyu Durojaiye
- Armstrong Institute Center for Health Care Human Factors, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - James Fackler
- Division of Pediatric Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Nicolette McGeorge
- Armstrong Institute Center for Health Care Human Factors, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Kristen Webster
- Armstrong Institute Center for Health Care Human Factors, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Hadi Kharrazi
- Division of Health Sciences Informatics, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Ayse Gurses
- Armstrong Institute Center for Health Care Human Factors, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, United States
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10
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Hoonakker PLT, Hose BZ, Carayon P, Eithun BL, Rusy DA, Ross JC, Kohler JE, Dean SM, Brazelton TB, Kelly MM. Scenario-Based Evaluation of Team Health Information Technology to Support Pediatric Trauma Care Transitions. Appl Clin Inform 2022; 13:218-229. [PMID: 35139563 PMCID: PMC8828456 DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1742368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Clinicians need health information technology (IT) that better supports their work. Currently, most health IT is designed to support individuals; however, more and more often, clinicians work in cross-functional teams. Trauma is one of the leading preventable causes of children's death. Trauma care by its very nature is team based but due to the emergent nature of trauma, critical clinical information is often missed in the transition of these patients from one service or unit to another. Teamwork transition technology can help support these transitions and minimize information loss while enhancing information gathering and storage. In this study, we created a large screen technology to support shared situational awareness across multiple clinical roles and departments. OBJECTIVES This study aimed to examine if the Teamwork Transition Technology (T3) supports teams and team cognition. METHODS We used a scenario-based mock-up methodology with 36 clinicians and staff from the different units and departments who are involved in pediatric trauma to examine T3. RESULTS Results of the evaluation show that most participants agreed that the technology helps achieve the goals set out in the design phase. Respondents thought that T3 organizes and presents information in a different way that was helpful to them. CONCLUSION In this study, we examined a health IT (T3) that was designed to support teams and team cognition. The results of our evaluation show that participants agreed that T3 does support them in their work and increases their situation awareness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter L. T. Hoonakker
- Wisconsin Institute for Health Systems Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States
| | - Bat-Zion Hose
- Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, University of Pennsylvania, Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, United States
| | - Pascale Carayon
- Wisconsin Institute for Health Systems Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States
- Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, United States
| | - Ben L. Eithun
- American Family Children's Hospital, Madison, Wisconsin, United States
| | - Deborah A. Rusy
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine & Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, United States
| | - Joshua C. Ross
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine & Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, United States
| | - Jonathan E. Kohler
- Department of Surgery, UC Davis Children's Hospital, Sacramento, California, United States
| | - Shannon M. Dean
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine & Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, United States
| | - Tom B. Brazelton
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine & Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, United States
| | - Michelle M. Kelly
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine & Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, United States
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11
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Morag I, Zimerman AL. Evaluating teamwork among medical staff: How to measure and compare aspects of the team mental models of doctors and nurses. APPLIED ERGONOMICS 2021; 94:103418. [PMID: 33838433 DOI: 10.1016/j.apergo.2021.103418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Revised: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Shared perceptions of a task among those responsible for its completion are important for achieving successful outcomes. This study proposes a framework for eliciting various aspects of team members' "mental models" (TMMs) of complex medical tasks. The intention is to provide 'proof of concept' for a methodology to measure similarities and differences between team members' perceptions of selected attributes of the task. Applying our framework in a gynecology ward, we use cognitive interviewing and concept mapping to reveal differences between the TMMs of doctor and nurse teams. These group differences are found to reflect limited awareness of the other group's level of involvement, workload, responsibilities and contributions to quality of care. We argue that such differences may lead to frustration, conflict, poor teamwork and risks to patient safety; but once identified, and subject to certain limitations, the differences could be used to develop interventions that will enhance teamwork.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ido Morag
- School of Industrial Engineering and Management, Shenkar College of Engineering and Design, Ramat-Gan, Israel.
| | - Ariel L Zimerman
- Obstetric and Gynecology Division, Shamir Medical Center, Assaf Harofeh Campus, Tzrifin, 730000, Israel.
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12
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Schwartz-Lasfargues C, Roux-Gendron C, Edomskis P, Marque I, Bayon Y, Lange JF, Faucheron JL, Trilling B. Early User Centred Design during development of an innovative medical device: case study of a connected Sensor System in colorectal surgery (Preprint). JMIR Hum Factors 2021; 9:e31529. [PMID: 35802406 PMCID: PMC9308077 DOI: 10.2196/31529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Revised: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background A successful innovative medical device is not only technically challenging to develop but must also be readily usable to be integrated into health care professionals’ daily practice. Through a user-centered design (UCD) approach, usability can be improved. However, this type of approach is not widely implemented from the early stages of medical device development. Objective The case study presented here shows how UCD may be applied at the very early stage of the design of a disruptive medical device used in a complex hospital environment, while no functional device is available yet. The device under study is a connected sensor system to detect colorectal anastomotic leakage, the most detrimental complication following colorectal surgery, which has a high medical cost. We also aimed to provide usability guidelines for the initial design of other innovative medical devices. Methods UCD was implemented by actively involving health care professionals and all the industrial partners of the project. The methodology was conducted in 2 European hospitals: Grenoble-Alpes University Hospital (France) and Erasmus Medical Center Rotterdam (the Netherlands). A total of 6 elective colorectal procedures and 5 ward shifts were observed. In total, 4 workshops were conducted with project partners and clinicians. A formative evaluation was performed based on 5 usability tests using nonfunctional prototype systems. The case study was completed within 12 months. Results Functional specifications were defined for the various components of the medical device: device weight, size, design, device attachment, and display module. These specifications consider the future integration of the medical device into current clinical practice (for use in an operating room and patient follow-up inside the hospital) and interactions between surgeons, nurses, nurse assistants, and patients. By avoiding irrelevant technical development, this approach helps to promote cost-effective design. Conclusions This paper presents the successful deployment over 12 months of a UCD methodology for the design of an innovative medical device during its early development phase. To help in reusing this methodology to design other innovative medical devices, we suggested best practices based on this case.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christel Schwartz-Lasfargues
- Public Health Department, CHU Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
- Inserm CIC 1406, Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | | | - Pim Edomskis
- Department of Surgery, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Isabelle Marque
- Public Health Department, CHU Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
- Inserm CIC 1406, Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Yves Bayon
- Medtronic - Sofradim Production, Trevoux, France
| | - Johan F Lange
- Department of Surgery, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Jean Luc Faucheron
- Colorectal Surgery Unit, Visceral Surgery and Acute Care Surgery Department, CHU Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
- TIMC, Université Grenoble Alpes, Centre National de Recherche Scientifique, Grenoble INP, Grenoble, France
| | - Bertrand Trilling
- Colorectal Surgery Unit, Visceral Surgery and Acute Care Surgery Department, CHU Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
- TIMC, Université Grenoble Alpes, Centre National de Recherche Scientifique, Grenoble INP, Grenoble, France
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13
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Senathirajah Y, Pelayo S. Human Factors and Organizational Issues. Yearb Med Inform 2020; 29:99-103. [PMID: 32823303 PMCID: PMC7442497 DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1702012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective
: To select the best papers that made original and high impact contributions in the area of human factors and organizational issues in biomedical informatics in 2019.
Methods
: A rigorous extraction process based on queries from Web of Science® and PubMed/Medline was conducted to identify the scientific contributions published in 2019 that address human factors and organizational issues in biomedical informatics. The screening of papers on titles and abstracts independently by the two editors led to a total of 30 papers. These papers were discussed for a selection of 15 finalist papers, which were then reviewed by the two editors and by three external reviewers from internationally renowned research teams.
Results
: The query process resulted in 626 papers that reveal interesting and rigorous methods and important studies in human factors that move the field forward, particularly in clinical informatics and emerging technologies such as brain-computer interfaces. This year three papers were clearly outstanding and help advance the field. They provide examples of applying existing frameworks together in novel and highly illuminating ways, showing the value of theory development in human factors.
Conclusion
: The selected papers make important contributions to human factors and organizational issues, expanding and deepening our knowledge of how to apply theory and applications of new technologies in health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yalini Senathirajah
- U. Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Dept. of Biomedical Informatics, Pittsburgh USA
| | - Sylvia Pelayo
- Univ. Lille, CHU Lille, ULR 2694, CIC-IT 1403 - Centre d'Investigation Clinique, Lille, France
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14
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Wooldridge AR, Carayon P, Hoonakker P, Hose BZ, Eithun B, Brazelton T, Ross J, Kohler JE, Kelly MM, Dean SM, Rusy D, Gurses AP. Work system barriers and facilitators in inpatient care transitions of pediatric trauma patients. APPLIED ERGONOMICS 2020; 85:103059. [PMID: 32174347 PMCID: PMC7309517 DOI: 10.1016/j.apergo.2020.103059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2019] [Revised: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Hospital-based care of pediatric trauma patients includes transitions between units that are critical for quality of care and patient safety. Using a macroergonomics approach, we identify work system barriers and facilitators in care transitions. We interviewed eighteen healthcare professionals involved in transitions from emergency department (ED) to operating room (OR), OR to pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) and ED to PICU. We applied the Systems Engineering Initiative for Patient Safety (SEIPS) process modeling method and identified nine dimensions of barriers and facilitators - anticipation, ED decision making, interacting with family, physical environment, role ambiguity, staffing/resources, team cognition, technology and characteristic of trauma care. For example, handoffs involving all healthcare professionals in the OR to PICU transition created a shared understanding of the patient, but sometimes included distractions. Understanding barriers and facilitators can guide future improvements, e.g., designing a team display to support team cognition of healthcare professionals in the care transitions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abigail R Wooldridge
- Department of Industrial and Enterprise Systems Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA.
| | - Pascale Carayon
- Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA; Wisconsin Institute for Healthcare Systems Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Peter Hoonakker
- Wisconsin Institute for Healthcare Systems Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Bat-Zion Hose
- Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA; Wisconsin Institute for Healthcare Systems Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Benjamin Eithun
- American Family Children's Hospital, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, School of Nursing, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Thomas Brazelton
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Joshua Ross
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Jonathan E Kohler
- Department of Surgery, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Michelle M Kelly
- Wisconsin Institute for Healthcare Systems Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Shannon M Dean
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Deborah Rusy
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Ayse P Gurses
- Center for Health Care Human Factors, Armstrong Institute for Patient Safety and Quality, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA; Division of Health Sciences Informatics, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA; Bloomberg School of Public Health and Whiting School of Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
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15
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Hoonakker PLT, Wooldridge AR, Hose BZ, Carayon P, Eithun B, Brazelton TB, Kohler JE, Ross JC, Rusy DA, Dean SM, Kelly MM, Gurses AP. Information flow during pediatric trauma care transitions: things falling through the cracks. Intern Emerg Med 2019; 14:797-805. [PMID: 31140061 PMCID: PMC6692560 DOI: 10.1007/s11739-019-02110-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2018] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Pediatric trauma is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in children in the USA. Every year, nearly 10 million children are evaluated in emergency departments (EDs) for traumatic injuries, resulting in 250,000 hospital admissions and 10,000 deaths. Pediatric trauma care in hospitals is distributed across time and space, and particularly complex with involvement of large and fluid care teams. Several clinical teams (including emergency medicine, surgery, anesthesiology, and pediatric critical care) converge to help support trauma care in the ED; this co-location in the ED can help to support communication, coordination and cooperation of team members. The most severe trauma cases often need surgery in the operating room (OR) and are admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU). These care transitions in pediatric trauma can result in loss of information or transfer of incorrect information, which can negatively affect the care a child will receive. In this study, we interviewed 18 clinicians about communication and coordination during pediatric trauma care transitions between the ED, OR and PICU. After the interview was completed, we surveyed them about patient safety during these transitions. Results of our study show that, despite the fact that the many services and units involved in pediatric trauma cooperate well together during trauma cases, important patient care information is often lost when transitioning patients between units. To safely manage the transition of this fragile and complex population, we need to find ways to better manage the information flow during these transitions by, for instance, providing technological support to ensure shared mental models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Leonard Titus Hoonakker
- Center for Quality and Productivity Improvement, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 3124 Engineering Centers Building, 1550 Engineering Drive, Madison, WI, 53706, USA.
| | - Abigail Rayburn Wooldridge
- Department of Industrial & Enterprise Systems Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 209A Transportation Building, 104 South Mathews Avenue, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Bat-Zion Hose
- Center for Quality and Productivity Improvement, Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 3139 Engineering Centers Building, 1550 Engineering Drive, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - Pascale Carayon
- Center for Quality and Productivity Improvement, Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 3139 Engineering Centers Building, 1550 Engineering Drive, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - Ben Eithun
- American Family Children's Hospital, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, 1675 Highland Avenue, Madison, WI, 53792, USA
| | - Thomas Berry Brazelton
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, 600 Highland Avenue, Madison, WI, 53792, USA
| | - Jonathan Emerson Kohler
- Department of Surgery, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, 600 Highland Avenue, Madison, WI, 53792, USA
| | - Joshua Chud Ross
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, 600 Highland Avenue, Madison, WI, 53792, USA
| | - Deborah Ann Rusy
- Department of Anesthesiology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, 600 Highland Avenue, Madison, WI, 53792, USA
| | - Shannon Mason Dean
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, 600 Highland Avenue, Madison, WI, 53792, USA
| | - Michelle Merwood Kelly
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, 600 Highland Avenue, Madison, WI, 53792, USA
| | - Ayse Pinar Gurses
- Center for Health Care Human Factors, Armstrong Institute for Patient Safety and Quality, Johns Hopkins University, 750 East Pratt Street, 15th Floor, Baltimore, MD, 21202, USA
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Keller SC, Cosgrove SE, Arbaje AI, Chang RH, Krosche A, Williams D, Gurses AP. It's Complicated: Patient and Informal Caregiver Performance of Outpatient Parenteral Antimicrobial Therapy-Related Tasks. Am J Med Qual 2019; 35:133-146. [PMID: 31161769 PMCID: PMC6917971 DOI: 10.1177/1062860619853345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Outpatient parenteral antimicrobial therapy (OPAT) requires patients and caregivers to infuse antimicrobials through venous catheters (VCs) in the home. The objective of this study was to perform a patient-centered goal-directed task analysis to identify what is required for successful completion of OPAT. The authors performed 40 semi-structured patient interviews and 20 observations of patients and caregivers performing OPAT-related tasks. Six overall goals were identified: (1) understanding and developing skills in OPAT, (2) receiving supplies, (3) medication administration and VC maintenance, (4) preventing VC harm while performing activities of daily living, (5) managing when hazards lead to failures, and (6) monitoring status. The authors suggest that patients and caregivers use teach-back, take formal OPAT classes, receive visual and verbal instructions, use cognitive aids, learn how to troubleshoot, and receive clear instructions to address areas of uncertainty. Addressing these goals is essential to ensuring the safety of and positive experiences for our patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara C. Keller
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | | | - Alicia I. Arbaje
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
- Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD
| | - Rachel H. Chang
- Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD
| | - Amanda Krosche
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | | | - Ayse P. Gurses
- Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
- Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD
- Johns Hopkins Whiting School of Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
- Carey School of Business, Baltimore, MD
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